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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox City |official_name = New Haven, Connecticut
|nickname= Kota Elm
|official_name = Kota New Haven
|settlement_type = [[Kota]]
|image_seal = Newhavenseal.jpg
|nickname = The Elm City
|image_map = CTMap-doton-NewHaven.png
|image_skyline = Nhskyline eastshore.jpg
|map_caption = Lokasi di [[Connecticut]]
|image_seal = Newhavenseal.jpg
|subdivision_type = [[Kabupaten di Amerika Serikat|Kabupaten]]
|imagesize = 270px
|subdivision_name = [[Kabupaten New Haven, Connecticut|Kabupaten New Haven]]
|image_caption = Pemandangan dari Downtown New Haven
|leader_title = [[Wali kota]]
|image_flag = NewHavenCTflag.gif
|leader_name = [[John DeStefano, Jr.]] ([[Partai Demokrat (AS)|Demokrat]])
|image_map = CTMap-doton-NewHaven.png
|area_magnitude = 1 E9
|mapsize = 250px
|area_total = 52,4
|map_caption = Lokasi di New Haven County, [[Connecticut]]
|area_land = 48,8
|established_title = Ditempati
|area_water = 3,6
|established_date = 1638
|population_as_of = 2004
|established_title2 = Didirikan (kota)
|population_total = 124.829
|established_date2 = 1784
|population_urban = 569.000
|established_title3 = Dikonsolidasikan
|population_metro = 845.694
|established_date3 = 2010
|population_density = 2.532,2
|image_map1 =
|timezone = [[Zona Waktu Timur|Timur]]
|mapsize1 =
|utc_offset = -5
|map_caption1 =
|timezone_DST = [[Zona Waktu Timur|Timur]]
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|coordinates_region = US-CT
|latd=41 |latm=18 |lats=36 |latNS=LU
|subdivision_type = Negara
|longd=72 |longm=55 |longs=12 |longEW=BB
|subdivision_name = Amerika Serikat
|region =
|subdivision_type1 = [[Daftar negara bagian di Amerika Serikat|Negara bagian]]
|website = [http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/ www.cityofnewhaven.com]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Connecticut]]
|footnotes =
|subdivision_type2 = [[NECTA]]
|subdivision_name2 = New Haven
|subdivision_type3 = Region
|subdivision_name3 = [[Greater New Haven|South Central Region]]
|government_type = [[Mayor-council|Mayor-board of aldermen]]
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name = [[John DeStefano, Jr.]] ([[Partai Demokrat (AS)|D]])
|area_magnitude = 1 E9
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_total_km2 = 52.6
|area_total_sq_mi = 20.31
|area_land_km2 = 49.0
|area_water_km2 = 3.6
|area_land_sq_mi = 18.9
|area_water_sq_mi = 1.4
|area_urban_km2 = 738.9
|area_urban_sq_mi = 285.3
|population_as_of = 2010
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 129,779
|population_urban = 569000
|population_metro = 846766
|population_density_km2 = 2648.6
|population_note = Area Metro untuk New Haven County
|population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank1 = New Havener
|timezone = [[Zona Waktu Timur|Timur]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Zona Waktu Timur|Timur]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|elevation_m = 18
|elevation_ft = 59
|latd = 41 |latm = 18 |lats = 36 |latNS = N
|longd = 72 |longm = 55 |longs = 25 |longEW = W
|region =
|website = [http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/ www.cityofnewhaven.com]
|area_code = [[Kode area 203|203]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|Kode FIPS]]
|blank_info = 09-52000
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0209231
----
|blank2_name = Bandara
|blank2_info = [[Bandara Regional Tweed-New Haven|Bandara Regional Tweed-New Haven (New Haven, CT)]] HVN (County)
|footnotes =
|postal_code_type = Kode pos
|postal_code = 06501-06540
}}
}}
'''New Haven''' adalah kota ketiga terbesar di [[Connecticut]], setelah [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]] dan [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]]. Kota ini terletak di [[Kabupaten New Haven, Connecticut|Kabupaten New Haven]], di [[New Haven Harbor]], di pantai utara dari [[Long Island Sound]]. Menurut sensus 2000, jumlah penduduk kota ini adalah 123.626. New Haven biasanya dianggap sebagai kota pertengahan di antara [[New York raya|wilayah metropolitan New York]] dan daerah [[New England]] raya.
'''New Haven''' adalah kota ketiga terbesar di [[Connecticut]], setelah [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]] dan [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]]. Kota ini terletak di [[Kabupaten New Haven, Connecticut|Kabupaten New Haven]], di [[New Haven Harbor]], di pantai utara dari [[Long Island Sound]]. Menurut sensus 2000, jumlah penduduk kota ini adalah 123.626. New Haven biasanya dianggap sebagai kota pertengahan di antara [[New York raya|wilayah metropolitan New York]] dan daerah [[New England]] raya.


Nama julukan New Haven adalah ''Kota Elm'', karena secara historis di sini terdapat banyak pohon [[elm]]. Kebanyakan pohon-pohon elm ini mati karena [[penyakit Elm Belanda]] pada pertengahan [[abad ke-20]], New Haven tetap merupakan kota yang sangat 'hijau'. Kota ini dianggap sebagai kota pertama yang direncanakan ([[1638]]) di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Kota ini mungkin paling terkenal sebagai tempat [[Universitas Yale]]. New Haven mengklaim dirinya sebagai tempat pertama diperkenalkannya [[pizza]] di Amerika Serikat (lihat [[New Haven#Makanan|Makanan]]) dan di sini pula diperkenalkan [[frisbee]] sebagai alat permainan.
Nama julukan New Haven adalah ''Kota Pengkih'', karena secara historis di sini terdapat banyak pohon [[elm|pengkih.]] Kebanyakan pohon-pohon pengkih ini mati karena [[penyakit Elm Belanda|penyakit pengkih Belanda]] pada pertengahan [[abad ke-20]], New Haven tetap merupakan kota yang sangat 'hijau'. Kota ini dianggap sebagai kota pertama yang direncanakan ([[1638]]) di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Kota ini mungkin paling terkenal sebagai tempat [[Universitas Yale]]. New Haven mengklaim dirinya sebagai tempat pertama diperkenalkannya [[pizza]] di Amerika Serikat (lihat [[New Haven#Makanan|Makanan]]) dan di sini pula diperkenalkan [[frisbee]] sebagai alat permainan.


New Haven adalah kota kelahiran [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden]] [[George W. Bush]], yang lahir ketika ayahnya, bekas presiden [[George H. W. Bush]], tinggal di New Haven yang saat itu kuliah di Yale. Mayoritas penduduk kota ini adalah pendukung [[Partai Demokrat (AS)|partai Demokrat]] dan memberikan dukungan yang besar kepada [[Al Gore]] dalam [[pemilu presiden Amerika Serikat, 2000|pemilu 2000]] dan sesama luluasn Yale [[John Kerry]] dalam [[pemilu presiden Amerika Serikat, 2004|2004]]. Para petugas [[jalan raya Interstate]] membuat tanda-tanda di Interstate 91 dan 95 yang mengumumkan bahwa kota itu adalah tempat kelahiran presiden AS yang sekarang, namun tanda-tanda itu dengan segera mengalami [[vandalisme]] dan harus disingkirkan. New Haven juga pernah menjadi tempat tinggal sementara bekas presiden [[Bill Clinton]] dan [[Senator AS]] [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], yang bertemu ketika sama-sama menjadi mahasiswa di [[Sekolah Hukum Yale]].
New Haven adalah kota kelahiran [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden]] [[George W. Bush]], yang lahir ketika ayahnya, bekas presiden [[George H. W. Bush]], tinggal di New Haven yang saat itu kuliah di Yale. Mayoritas penduduk kota ini adalah pendukung [[Partai Demokrat (AS)|partai Demokrat]] dan memberikan dukungan yang besar kepada [[Al Gore]] dalam [[pemilu presiden Amerika Serikat, 2000|pemilu 2000]] dan sesama luluasn Yale [[John Kerry]] dalam [[pemilu presiden Amerika Serikat, 2004|2004]]. Para petugas [[jalan raya Interstate]] membuat tanda-tanda di Interstate 91 dan 95 yang mengumumkan bahwa kota itu adalah tempat kelahiran presiden AS yang sekarang, tetapi tanda-tanda itu dengan segera mengalami [[vandalisme]] dan harus disingkirkan. New Haven juga pernah menjadi tempat tinggal sementara bekas presiden [[Bill Clinton]] dan [[Senator AS]] [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], yang bertemu ketika sama-sama menjadi mahasiswa di [[Sekolah Hukum Yale]].


== Sejarah ==
== Sejarah ==
=== Sejarah pra-kolonial dan kolonial ===
=== Sejarah pra-kolonial dan kolonial ===
{{sect-stub}}
<!--Before European arrival, New Haven was the home of the [[Quinnipiack]] tribe of [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]], who lived in villages around the [[harbor]] and subsisted off local fisheries and the farming of [[maize]]. The area was briefly visited by [[Netherlands|Dutch]] explorer [[Adriaen Block]] in 1614. Dutch traders set up a small trading system of [[beaver]] pelts with the local inhabitants, but trade was sporadic and the Dutch did not settle permanently in what would become New Haven.


{{Negara bagian Connecticut}}
In April 1638, five hundred [[Puritan]]s who left the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] under the leadership of the Reverend [[John Davenport (clergyman)|John Davenport]] and the [[London]] merchant [[Theophilus Eaton]] sailed into the harbor. These settlers were hoping to establish a more perfect theological community than the one they left in [[Massachusetts]] and sought to take advantage of the excellent port capabilities of the harbor. The Quinnipiacks, who were under attack by neighboring [[Pequot]]s, agreed to sell their land to the settlers in return for protection from hostile tribes.
{{Wilayah metropolitan New York}}


[[Kategori:Kota di Connecticut]]
{{wikisource|Government of New Haven Colony}}
[[Kategori:Puritanisme|New Haven, Connecticut]]
By [[1640]], the town's theocratic government and city grid plan were in place, and the town was renamed Newhaven from Quinnipiac. The new settlement soon became the headquarters of the [[New Haven Colony]], which at that time was separate from the [[Connecticut Colony]] which had been established to the north focusing on [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]]. Economic disaster struck the colony in [[1646]], however, when the town sent its first fully-loaded ship of local goods back to England. This ship never reached the Old World, and its disappearance stymied New Haven's development in the face of the rising trade power of [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]] and [[New Amsterdam]]. In [[1660]] founder John Davenport's wishes were fulfilled and [[Hopkins School]] was founded in New Haven with money from [[Edward Hopkins]] estate.


In [[1661]], the judges who had signed the death warrant of [[Charles I of England]] were pursued by [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]. Two judges, Colonel [[Edward Whalley]] and Colonel [[William Goffe]], fled to New Haven to seek refuge from the king's forces. John Davenport arranged for these "[[Regicide#The Regicide of Charles I of England|Regicides]]" to hide in the [[West Rock]] hills northwest of the town. A third judge, [[John Dixwell]], joined the other regicides at a later time.


{{AS-geo-stub}}
New Haven became part of the Connecticut Colony in 1664, when the two colonies were merged under political pressure from England. It was made co-[[capital]] of Connecticut in 1701, a status it retained until 1873. At this time, New Haven was a largely agricultural town, but in 1716, Yale University relocated from [[Old Saybrook, Connecticut|Old Saybrook]] to New Haven and established the early city as a center of learning.

During the [[American Revolution]], New Haven was a town of approximately 3,500 citizens and was a major hotbed of revolutionary activity — so much so that the British invaded the town during the course of the war; however, the British forces did not torch New Haven as they had done with many other coastal New England towns they seized, leaving many of its colonial features preserved.

For over a century, New Haven had fought alongside the British in the [[French and Indian War]], and many influential residents, such as General [[David Wooster]], hoped that the conflict with Britain could be resolved short of rebellion. On [[April 23]], [[1775]] (still celebrated in New Haven as [[Powder House Day]]), however, the Second Company, [[Governor's Foot Guard]], of New Haven entered the struggle against the British when, under Captain [[Benedict Arnold]], they broke into the powder house to arm themselves and began a three day march to [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]. Other New Haven militia members were on hand to escort [[George Washington]] from his overnight stay in New Haven on his way to Cambridge. Contemporary reports, from both sides, remark on the New Haven volunteers' professional military bearing, including uniforms.

=== Post-colonial history ===
New Haven was incorporated as a city in [[1784]], and [[Roger Sherman]], one of the signers of the Constitution and author of the "[[Connecticut Compromise]]," became the new city's first mayor.

The city struck fortune in the late 18th-century with the inventions and industrial activity of [[Eli Whitney]], a Yale graduate who remained in New Haven to develop the [[milling machine|cotton gin]] and also establish a gun-manufacturing factory in the northern part of the city near the [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]] border. That area of Hamden is still known as [[Whitneyville neighborhood|Whitneyville]], and the main road through both cities is known as Whitney Avenue. The factory is now a museum, with particular emphasis on activities for children, as well as a substantial collection of exhibits pertaining to the [[A. C. Gilbert Company]]. Whitney pioneered the concept of industrial mass-production instead of painstaking hand-shaping of individual pieces, no two of which would be interchangeable. Adoption of his methods made early Connecticut a powerful manufacturing economy; so many arms manufacturers sprang up that Connecticut became known as 'The Arsenal of America'. It was in Whitney's gun-manufacturing plant that [[Samuel Colt]] first invented the [[revolver|automatic revolver]] in 1836.

The [[Farmington Canal]], created in the early 1800s, was an important transporter of goods into the interior regions of Connecticut, and ran from New Haven to Northampton.

New Haven was home to one of the important early events in the burgeoning [[abolitionism#United States|anti-slavery movement]] when, in [[1839]], the trial of mutineering [[Mendi (tribe)|Mendi tribe]]smen being transported as slaves on the Spanish [[slaveship]] ''[[La Amistad|Amistad]]'' was held in New Haven's United States District Court. There is a statue of [[Joseph Cinqué]], the informal leader of the slaves, beside the City Hall building.

During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], the city received another economic boost as demand for industrial goods increased nationally. New Haven's population doubled in the time between the war and the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern [[Europe]], particularly [[Italy]].

===Ku Klux Klan in New Haven===
The [[Ku Klux Klan]], which preached a doctrine of Protestant control of the country and supression of blacks, Jews and Catholics, had a following in New Haven in the 1920s. Across the state, the Klan's popularity peaked in [[1925]] when it had a statewide membership of 15,000. New Haven was one of the communities where the group was most active in the state, although [[Stamford, Connecticut|Stamford]] and [[New Britain, Connecticut|New Britain]] were also centers of support.<ref name=DiGiovanni>DiGiovanni, the Rev. (now Monsignior) Stephen M., ''The Catholic Church in Fairfield County: 1666-1961,'' 1987, William Mulvey Inc., New Canaan, Chapter II: The New Catholic Immigrants, 1880-1930; subchapter: "The True American: White, Protestant, Non-Alcoholic," pp. 81-82; DiGiovanni, in turn, cites (Footnote 209, page 258) Jackson, Kenneth T., ''The Ku Klux Klan in the City, 1915-1930 (New York, 1981), p. 239</ref>

By [[1926]], the Klan leadership in the state was divided, and it lost strength, although it continued to maintain small, local branches for years and even decades afterward in various communities.<ref>DiGiovanni, the Rev. (now Monsignior) Stephen M., ''The Catholic Church in Fairfield County: 1666-1961,'' 1987, William Mulvey Inc., New Canaan, Chapter II: The New Catholic Immigrants, 1880-1930; subchapter: "The True American: White, Protestant, Non-Alcoholic," p. 82; DiGiovanni, in turn, cites (Footnote 210, page 258) Chalmers, David A., ''Hooded Americanism, The History of the Ku Klux Klan (New York, 1981), p. 268</ref>

=== Modern history ===
[[Image:Harkness_Tower_1.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Harkness Tower]], part of the [[Yale University]] campus in [[downtown New Haven]]]]

New Haven's growth continued during the two World Wars, with most new inhabitants being [[African American]]s from [[Southern United States|the South]] and [[Puerto Rico|Puerto Ricans]]. The city reached its peak population after [[World War II]], and it can be argued that it was in decline when post-war suburbanization began. However, other factors, such as decreasing family sizes, explain most of the decline in population - because of the very small land footprint of the city (only 17 square miles), new housing after 1950 was built primarily in adjacent, suburban towns which, in many other parts of the United States, would be considered part of New Haven proper.

Like other cities in 1954, New Haven was suffering from a perceived exodus of middle-class workers and the development of slums as the population grew. Then-mayor Richard Lee attempted to stem the tide with one of the earliest major [[urban renewal]] projects. Large sections of downtown New Haven were destroyed and rebuilt with new office towers, a hotel, and large shopping complexes. Other parts of the city were affected by the construction of [[Interstate 95]] along the Long Wharf section and [[Interstate 91]]. The partial construction of a highway to the western suburbs of the city, known as Route 34, remains visible to this day in the form of a strip of open fields running along the edge of the poor Hill section. Today, Route 34 is being filled in with biomedical space and housing.

From the [[1960s]] through the early [[1990s]], New Haven continued to decline both economically and in terms of population despite many attempts to resurrect the city through renewal projects. During this period, the city and Yale argued over taxation and land use.

At present, New Haven has stabilized. The city is working to attract biomedical and pharmaceutical research facilities, and many have done so to take advantage of the city's connections with Yale. [[Downtown New Haven]] is revitalizing itself as a center of shopping, and [[Crown Street, New Haven|Crown Street]] and [[Chapel Street, New Haven|Chapel Street]] host a burgeoning nightlife and bar scene. Thousands of luxury apartments, including million-dollar loft condominiums, are under construction in the downtown and have sold rapidly. The university, and other local schools, continue to draw young people from around the world. But poverty remains a problem for New Haven, as it does for many New England post-industrial cities.

A major point of public discontent is the cost of housing in New Haven proper. Connecticut as a whole has generally high housing prices, as the state is wealthier on average than the rest of the United States, has a relatively low unemployment rate, a high quality of life in most regions, relatively mild coastal weather compared to other locations throughout the Northeast, and close proximity to other large cities. Some residents believe the housing-price problem is exacerbated in New Haven by the presence of Yale University. They contend that the large student population in New Haven provides a constant and steady demand for apartment housing, which is in limited supply. Thus, landlords are able to charge inflated rents. In response, the City of New Haven has undertaken several subsidy programs, in conjunction with the State, to try to provide affordable housing units for certain working-class families and residents.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 52.4 [[square kilometre|km²]] (20.2 [[square mile|mi²]]). 48.8 km² (18.9 mi²) of it is land and 3.6 km² (1.4 mi²) of it (6.91%) is water.

New Haven's best-known geographic features are its large deep harbor, and two reddish basalt "trap rocks" which rise to the northeast and northwest of the city core. These trap rocks are known respectively as [[East Rock]] and [[West Rock]], and both serve as extensive parks. West Rock has been tunneled through to make way for the east-west passage of the [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] (the only highway tunnel through a natural obstacle in Connecticut), and once served as the hideout of the "[[Regicide#The Regicide of Charles I of England|Regicides]]" (see: [[Regicides Trail]]). Most New-Haveners refer to these men as "The Three Judges." East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside.

== Urban layout and neighborhoods ==
=== Urban layout ===
New Haven has a long tradition of [[urban planning]] and a purposeful design of the city's layout. Upon founding, New Haven was laid out in a [[grid plan]] of nine square blocks; the central square was left open, in the tradition of many New England towns, as the [[town square|city green]] (a commons area). To the present day, the [[New Haven Green]] remains almost unchanged from its original layout, and is home to three separate historic churches which speak to the original theocratic nature of the city. The Green remains the social center of the city today. It was named a National Historic Landmark in 1970.

In the modern era, New Haven has undergone many urban redevelopment projects to revitalize and enhance the city with mixed results. The central downtown area, for one, has been the site of numerous experiments in urban re-design, with new hotels, shopping centers, a sports coliseum, and office towers built under city, state, and federal efforts. Some of these efforts, such as the [[New Haven Coliseum]], were never officially completed; the Coliseum is now closed and is being torn down. The most recent sector being redeveloped is the "Ninth Square," named from the original nine square layout described above.

[[Image:New_Haven.JPG|left|thumb|280px|Aerial view of [[downtown New Haven]], including the [[Yale Center for British Art]]]]

=== Neighborhoods ===
The city has many distinct neighborhoods despite its relatively compact size when compared to other cities. In addition to [[Downtown New Haven|Downtown]], centered on the [[central business district]] and the [[New Haven Green|Green]], are the following neighborhoods: the west central neighborhoods of Dixwell and Dwight; the southern neighborhoods of [[The Hill (neighborhood)|The Hill]], historic water-front City Point (or Oyster Point), and the harborside district of [[Long Wharf]]; the western neighborhoods of [[Edgewood-West River]], [[Westville, Connecticut|Westville]], Amity, and [[West Rock-Westhills]]; [[East Rock (neighborhood)|East Rock]], Prospect Hill, and Newhallville in the northern side of town; the east central neighborhoods of Mill River and [[Wooster Square]], an Italian-American neighborhood; [[Fair Haven, Connecticut|Fair Haven]], located between the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers; Quinnipiac Meadows and Fair Haven Heights across the Quinnipiac River; and facing the eastern side of the harbor, [[The Annex, New Haven|The Annex]] and [[Morris Cove, New Haven|Morris Cove]]

Each neighborhood exhibits its own unique mix of ethnic, economic, and social qualities, combining influences from immigrants, long-time residents, and neighboring towns. The city's neighborhoods are, in general, seeing a rebirth of economic vibrancy and development, especially Downtown and Long Wharf.

=== Greater New Haven ===
New Haven lies within the New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA [[Combined Statistical Area]], but is also contained within the more local New Haven Metropolitan [[NECTA]], in which it serves as the primary metropolitan focal point for most of [[New Haven County, Connecticut|New Haven County]] and southern [[Middlesex County, Connecticut|Middlesex County]]. The metro area of [[Greater New Haven]] encompasses about 600,000 residents, many of whom commute to work in New Haven, and includes the following towns:

'''In New Haven County'''
<table><tr><td valign=top>
*[[Bethany, Connecticut|Bethany]]
*[[Branford, Connecticut|Branford]]
*[[Cheshire, Connecticut|Cheshire]]
*[[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]]
*[[Guilford, Connecticut|Guilford]]
*[[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]]
*[[Madison, Connecticut|Madison]]
</td><td valign=top>
*[[Meriden, Connecticut|Meriden]]
*[[North Branford, Connecticut|North Branford]]
*[[North Haven, Connecticut|North Haven]]
*[[Orange, Connecticut|Orange]]
*[[Wallingford, Connecticut|Wallingford]]
*[[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]
*[[Woodbridge, Connecticut|Woodbridge]]
</td></tr></table>
'''In Middlesex County'''
<table><tr><td valign=top>
*[[Clinton (town), Connecticut|Clinton]]
</td><td valign=top>
*[[Killingworth, Connecticut|Killingworth]]
</td></tr></table>
[[Derby, Connecticut|Derby]] and [[Milford, Connecticut|Milford]] are sometimes also considered to be part of Greater New Haven, although both towns lie on the border with the [[Greater Bridgeport]] area. Both of these towns are located in New Haven County.

==Demographics==
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
| align="center" colspan="2" | '''Historical population of<br>New Haven'''[http://www.sots.state.ct.us/RegisterManual/regman.htm][http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/cities.php]
|-
|1638 || 500 (estimate)
|-
|1641 || 800 (estimate)
|-
|1775 || 3500 (estimate)
|-
|[[1790]] || 4,487
|-
|[[1800]] || 4,049
|-
|[[1810]] || 5,772
|-
|[[1820]] || 7,147
|-
|[[1830]] || 10,180
|-
|[[1840]] || 12,960
|-
|[[1850]] || 20,345
|-
|[[1860]] || 39,267
|-
|[[1870]] || 50,840
|-
|[[1880]] || 62,882
|-
|[[1890]] || 86,045
|-
|[[1900]] || 108,027
|-
|[[1910]] || 133,605
|-
|[[1920]] || 162,537
|-
|[[1930]] || 162,665
|-
|[[1940]] || 160,605
|-
|[[1950]] || 164,443
|-
|[[1960]] || 152,048
|-
|[[1970]] || 137,707
|-
|[[1980]] || 126,021
|-
|[[1990]] || 130,474
|-
|[[2000]] || 123,626
|-
|[[2002]] || 124,161 (estimate)
|}
As of the [[census]][[Geographic references#2|²]] of 2000, there were 123,626 people, 47,094 households, and 25,854 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 2,532.2/km² (6,558.4/mi²). There were 52,941 housing units at an average density of 1,084.4/km² (2,808.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 43.46% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 37.36% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.43% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.90% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.06% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 10.89% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 3.91% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 21.39% of the population.

There were 47,094 households out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 22.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.4% under the age of 18, 16.4% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 16.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,604, and the median income for a family was $35,950. Males had a median income of $33,605 versus $28,424 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,393. About 20.5% of families and 24.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 32.2% of those under age 18 and 17.9% of those age 65 or over.

== Colleges and universities ==
New Haven is known first and foremost as a center for education and research. [[Yale University]], at the heart of downtown, is one of the city's best known features and its largest employer. New Haven is also home to other centers of higher education, including [[Southern Connecticut State University]] and [[Albertus Magnus College]]. The [[University of New Haven]] is located, interestingly enough, in the neighboring city of [[West Haven, Connecticut|West Haven]]. North of the city, in Hamden, is the site of [[Quinnipiac University]]. New Haven is also served by [[Gateway Community College]], located in the [[Long Wharf]] district.

[[Hopkins School]] is also located in New Haven, and is the fifth oldest educational institution in the United States.

== Newspapers and media ==
New Haven is served by the daily ''[[New Haven Register]]'', the weekly alternative (now corporate run) ''[[New Haven Advocate]]'' and the online daily ''New Haven Independent'' (www.newhavenindependent.org). It is also served by several student-run papers, including the ''[[Yale Daily News]]'', the weekly ''[[Yale Herald]]'' and a humor tabloid, ''[[Rumpus Magazine]]''.

== Culture and notable features ==
Almost unique for a city of its size, New Haven offers a wealth of cultural opportunities.

=== Cuisine ===
Although credit for creation of the [[hamburger]] sandwich is disputed, New Haven boosters accept the claim that it was first served in the United States in [[1895]] by Louis Lassen, operator of ''Louis' Lunch'', which is still in operation. Burgers are cooked in the original 1895 setup, which holds them vertically instead of flat, between two grills; they are served between two slices of white bread, and the only condiments available are slices of [[tomato]] and onions. The restaurant is one of eight featured in "[[Hamburger America]]"[http://www.hamburgeramerica.com/], a [[documentary film]] which premiered on [[Sundance Channel|Sundance]] cable television network on the [[Fourth of July]], [[2005]].

As the city was a major destination for Italian immigrants in the early 20th century, New Haven's culinary tradition also includes a claim of being the birthplace of [[pizza]] in the United States. Contentious as that claim may be (see [[Gennaro Lombardi]] for a rival American claim, or the pizzerie [[Da Michele]] or [[Brandi]] of [[Naples]], Italy, which claim to have invented the [[margherita]] in 1889), New-Haven-style pizza, called [[apizza]] (pronounced ah-BEETS in the local Italian dialect), is made in a coal- or wood-fired brick oven, and is notable for its paper-thin crust. Apizza may be Red (with a [[tomato]]-based sauce) or White ([[garlic]] and [[olive oil]]), and pies ordered "plain" are made without the otherwise customary [[mozzarella cheese]] (pronounced sca-MOTZ, as it was originally smoked mozzarella, known [[scamorza]] in Italian). Locally, the White [[Clam]] Pie is favored. Pizzerias of distinction include [[Sally's Apizza]] and [[Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana]], both located on the same block in the [[Italian-American]] neighborhood of [[Wooster Square]], ''Modern Apizza'' not far away on State Street, and upstart newcomer ''Bar'', a [[Microbrew]]ery located across Crown Street from ''Louis' Lunch'' in New Haven's "entertainment district" downtown.

Some exceptionally highly regarded restaurants in New Haven include the ''Union League Café'' on Chapel St., owned by Jean-Pierre (Chef de Cuisine) and Robin Vuillermet, serving classical ''[[haute cuisine]]'', ''Claire's Corner Copia'' at Chapel and College Streets, serving [[vegetarian]] food and is the oldest exclusively vegetarian menu restaurant in the country, ''Caffe Adulis'' on College Street, where chef/owner Ficre Ghebreyesus offers a fine selection of Eritrean dishes, ''Ibiza'' on High St. (once credited by the food critic in the New York Times with the best meal he had had in the previous year), which was formerly a highly regarded [[tapas]] restaurant named ''Pika Tapas'' but has turned to a fusion of [[nouvelle cuisine]] with Spanish food, and ''Roomba'', serving an innovative nouvelle cuisine interpretation of Cuban food. Remarkably, all of these world-class restaurants are on the same block downtown. The city has more top Zagat-rated restaurants than any other town or city in Connecticut, by a wide margin, and is becoming an internationally-known restaurant destination.

Also of note:
*The ''[[Yankee Doodle]] Sandwich Shop'', near the [[Yale University|Yale]] campus on Elm St., the sometimes setting of [[Bill Griffith]]'s [[Zippy the Pinhead]], and the inspiration for a famous work of [[Robert Crumb]]'s. You know the one. [[Cherry Coke]] and [[Vanilla Coke]] are still made the old fashioned way, with [[cola]] [[syrup]] and [[seltzer]], and [[hamburger]]s come with an extravagant dab of [[butter]].
*[[Mamoun's Falafel Restaurant]], an important resource in this student-filled city due to its being open until 3 AM 365 days a year to provide reasonably priced food, including many Middle Eastern and/or vegetarian and vegan selections. A dozen other middle eastern restaurants dot the area.
New Haven is also famous for its Thai Cuisine with restaurants including Thai Taste, Bangkok Garden, Pad Thai, and many others.

=== Popular culture ===
On [[March 20]], [[1914]], the first United States [[figure skating]] championship was held here.

New Haven was also the location in 1967 of one of [[Jim Morrison]]'s infamous arrests while he fronted the rock group [[The Doors]]. The resultant near-riotous concert and arrest was commemorated by Morrison in the lyrics to "Peace Frog" which include the missive ''"...blood in the streets in the town of New Haven..."'' This was also the first time a rockstar had ever been arrested in concert.

New Haven currently serves as the home city of the annual [[International Festival of Arts and Ideas]].

New Haven is also home to the famous concert and dance hall [[Toad's Place]] which brings in many big name acts to the city.

[[Garry Trudeau]], the creator and current author of the comic strip "[[Doonesbury]]," attended Yale University. There he met fellow student and later [[Green Party (United States)|Green Party]] candidate for senator Charlie Pillsbury, a long-time New Haven resident for whom Trudeau's comic strip is named-- during his college years Pillsbury was known by the [[nickname]] "The Doones."

The [[Academy Awards|Oscar]]-winning 1950 film [[All About Eve]] is set at the Taft Hotel on the corner of College and Chapel Streets, now converted into apartments.

=== Sports teams and athletic entertainment ===
New Haven, being a significantly large urban area, served as a home city to many sports teams, all of which have since gone defunct or left town.

The [[New Haven Coliseum]], an egregious example of failed modernism leading to urban blight, was built in 1972 to accommodate a variety of entertainment functions for greater New Haven. It is currently being destroyed due to its dysfunctional design and financial drain on the City. Most people believe that the facility was outdated; that the parking garage, accessed via a quarter-mile double circular ramp, had failed to attract usage; and that the City and state Hotel-Motel Tax subsidies that had been devoted to the facility will be better applied to other priorities. The Coliseum played host to many famous entertainers and events in its 30 year history, including: The US Olympic Hockey Team, Aerosmith, The Grateful Dead, Bruce Springsteen and many others. The state funded [[Arena at Harbor Yard]] in Bridgeport proved the death nell for the Coliseum, as it could no longer compete with newer arenas.

Much like other mid-sized Northeastern industrial cities, New Haven has historically supported its minor league hockey teams enthusiastically. The New Haven Eagles were founding members of the [[American Hockey League]] in 1936, playing at the old New Haven Arena on Grove Street. The New Haven Blades of the [[Eastern Hockey League]] enjoyed an 18 year run from 1954 to 1972, before being replaced by the New Haven Nighthawks of the AHL, who played at the then new New Haven Coliseum. The Nighthawks were replaced by the Senators in 1993, who were run out of town because of declining support owing to a decrepit arena and a terrible record. Hockey returned in 1997, as the Beast of New Haven, a team famous for its ugly logo, set up shop in a newly refurbished coliseum. However, incompetent management meant the team would only last two seasons, ending AHL hockey in New Haven. The New Haven Knights of the [[United Hockey League]] then took up residence in the Coliseum, and the team played until the Coliseum was closed in 2003. Today, New Haven hockey fans make due with the Yale University hockey team, that plays at [[Ingalls Rink]] to capacity crowds. New Haven was famous for its blue collar fans who favored rough play, especially the "Crazies" who sat in Section 13 at the Coliseum, behind the opposing team's bench. These fans were always renowned for being extremely tough on opposing teams, and perhaps owing to fact that they watched bad teams play in a terrible building, relentlessly screamed obscenities and taunts at opposing players (and sometimes at hometown players), making New Haven always an intimidating place to play, though outright physical violence in the stands was rare.

New Haven was home to the [[New Haven Ravens]], an [[Eastern League]] AA team from 1994-2003. Yale Field, right across the border in West Haven, was renovated for the team, which was very successful in its first few seasons, before losing support in later years. The Ravens won the Eastern League championship in 2000, giving New Haven its first professional championship since the New Haven Blades' championship in 1956. The Ravens have since moved to [[Manchester, New Hampshire]] and became the [[New Hampshire Fisher Cats]]. The New Haven Cutters baseball team began play at Yale Field in 2004 in the independent Northeast (now Can-Am) League.

In 2002, New Haven had an arena football franchise in AFL2, known as the Ninjas, who were successful but had to leave once the Coliseum was closed.

The [[New York Giants]] of the [[National Football League|NFL]] played an exhibition game against the [[Detroit Lions]] in 1960, a first for the city. A number of exhibition games were played against the New York Jets through the 1970s, and in the 1973 and 1974 NFL seasons, the Giants made the [[Yale Bowl]] their home field while [[Yankee Stadium]] was being renovated. The Yale Bowl is still the 2nd largest stadium in New England, and is always full when Yale and Harvard play "The Game."

From July 1st through 9th, 1995, the city hosted the Ninth [[Special Olympics]] World Summer Games.

The [[Connecticut Tennis Center]] at Yale University hosts the [[Pilot Pen Tennis|Pilot Pen International]], a professional men's and women's tennis event, every August. The stadium at the Connecticut Tennis Center is the second largest tennis venue in the world, second only to [[Arthur Ashe Stadium]] at [[Flushing Meadows]] in [[New York City]].

=== Theatre ===
The city is very active in the world of theatre, and host numerous theatres and production houses including: the [[Yale Repertory Theatre]], the [[Long Wharf Theatre]], and the [[Shubert Performing Arts Center]]. There is also theatre activity from the School of Drama at Yale which works through the [[Yale University Theatre]] and the student run [[Yale Cabaret]]. Southern Connecticut State University hosts the [[Lyman Center for the Performing Arts]].

The Shubert Theater has premiered many major theatrical productions before their Broadway debuts. Productions that premiered at the Shubert include Richard Rogers' [[Oklahoma!]], [[Carousel]], [[South Pacific]], [[The King and I]], and [[The Sound of Music]]; as well as Tennessee Williams' [[A Streetcar Named Desire.]]

=== Museums ===
New Haven offers its residents and visitors a wide variety of world-class museums, many of them associated with Yale. Some of the more notable museums are the [[Beinecke Rare Book Library|Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library]] which features an original copy of the [[Gutenberg Bible]], the [[Connecticut Children's Museum]], the new [[Knights of Columbus]] museum near its world headquarters, the [[Peabody Museum of Natural History]], the [[Eli Whitney]] museum (actually just across the border in [[Hamden, Connecticut|Hamden]], on [[Whitney Avenue]]), the [[Yale Center for British Art]], which houses the largest collection of British art outside the U.K., and the [[Yale University Art Gallery]], the nation's oldest college art museum. New Haven is also the home port of a life-size replica of the historical [[Amistad (ship replica)|Amistad]] slaveship which is open for tours at Long Wharf pier at certain times during the summer. Also at Long Wharf pier is the Quinnipiack schooner, offering sailing cruises of the harbor area throughout the summer.

=== Music ===
The spacious, beautiful New Haven Green is the site of many free music concerts held by the city, especially during the summer months. Some of the more notable music events are the free summer shows by the [[New Haven Symphony Orchestra]], the July Free Concerts on the Green in July and the [http://www.newhavenjazz.com New Haven Jazz Festival] in August. Beginning in 1982, the Jazz Festival is one of the longest-running free outdoor festivals in the United States. The summer of 2006 will host the 25th anniversary celebration of the Jazz Festival. Headliners such as Dave Brubeck, Ray Charles and Celia Cruz have historically drawn 30,000 to 50,000 fans, filling up the New Haven Green to capacity.

New Haven is also home to the famous concert venue ''[http://www.toadsplace.com Toad's Place]'', which hosted many big name acts fairly regularly until the venues of the [[Indian casino]]s, [[Foxwoods Resort Casino]] and Mohegan Sun Casino, became the major stopping place of national acts passing through Southern Connecticut. ''[http://www.rudysnewhaven.com/ Rudy's Bar]'', ''[http://www.niteimage.com/clubs/BAR/ BAR]'' and ''[http://www.cafenine.com/ Cafe Nine]'' are also popular venues. Other world renowned underground clubs, such as ''The Tune Inn'' and ''Ron's Place'', were once located in the Elm City.

Production-wise, many staples of the emerging [[punk]] movement in the late 1970s had influences from the New Haven music scene, and the city has retained an alternative art and music underground that has gone on to influence post-punk era music movements such as indie/college rock and underground hip-hop with such artist as [[Lil Kia]].

The Yale School of Music, one of the world's best music conservatories, also contributes to the city's music scene by offering hundreds of free concerts throughout the year at various venues in and around the Yale campus.

=== Points of interest ===
* [[Marsh Botanical Garden]]
* [[Yale University]]

=== Miscellaneous ===
[[Image:Sunglass.jpg|thumb|A lighthouse in New Haven]]
In [[1892]], local [[confectioner]] [[George C. Smith]] invented the first [[lollipop]]s.

The [[frisbee]] is said to have originated on the Yale campus, based on the tin pans of the [[Frisbie Pie Company]] which were tossed around by students on the [[New Haven Green]].

New Haven serves as the world headquarters of the [[Knights of Columbus]] organization, which maintains its headquarters and a small museum downtown. The organization was founded in the city in [[1882]].

New Haven has been fictionalized in the movie ''[[The Skulls]]'', which focused on conspiracy theories surrounding the real-life [[Skull and Bones]] secret society which is located in New Haven. The city was also fictionally portrayed in the movie ''[[Amistad (1997 movie)|Amistad]]'' concerning the events around the mutiny trial of that ship's rebelling captives.

New Haven is home to a number of well-known architecture firms, such as Pelli Clarke Pelli, Herbert Newman Partners, Svigals and Partners and Kevin Roche Dinkeloo, as well as hundreds of smaller "spin off" firms. Many have ties with the prestigious Yale School of Architecture. Along with Yale University, hospitals, biotechnology, bank headquarters (such as New Alliance) and nonprofit headquarters, architecture firms are among the largest employers in the city.

New Haven hosted the first [[Bell System|Bell]] [[PSTN]] switch office.

The New York Giants football team actually played their home games at the Yale Bowl for the 1974 and 1975 seasons while Yankee Stadium (their old home) was being renovated and Giants Stadium in New Jersey (their current home) was being built.

Ultra-traditional men's clothier [[J. Press]] was founded in New Haven by immigrant tailor Jacobi Press in [[1902]]. Their store on York Street remains their largest in the country; additional stores are in [[New York, New York|New York]], [[New York]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], and [[Washington, D.C.]]

New Haven was the home of [[Starter Clothing Like]]. A sports clothing line popular in the 1990's.

==Infrastructure==
=== Hospitals and medicine ===
The New Haven area supports several medical facilities that are considered some of the best hospitals in the country. These include [[Yale-New Haven Hospital]], [[Yale-New Haven Children's Hospital]], and the [[Hospital of Saint Raphael]]. A large [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs|Veterans Affairs]] hospital is located nearby in West Haven. To the west in Milford is [[Milford Hospital]] and to the north in Meriden is the [[MidState Medical Center]].

=== Transportation ===
==== Railroad ====
New Haven is connected to [[New York City]] by both intercity and commuter [[railroad|rail]], provided by [[Amtrak]] and [[Metro-North Railroad]] respectively, and some New Haven residents commute to work in New York City (a trip of close to two hours). The city's main railroad station is [[Union Station (New Haven)|Union Station]], which serves Metro-North trains to New York, [[Shore Line East]] commuter trains to New London, and Amtrak trains to New York, [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], and [[Springfield, Massachusetts]]. An additional station at State Street provides SLE and a few Metro-North passengers easier access to the [[Central Business District]].

==== Major highways ====
New Haven lies at the intersection of [[Interstate 95]], which provides access to New York and the coastal regions further east, and [[Interstate 91]], which leads northward to the interior of New England. Within the city itself there is the [[Oak Street Connector/Route 34]] which intersects just south of the I-95/I-91 interchange and runs northwest as a spur into downtown. The Route 15 Parkway, also known as the [[Wilbur Cross Parkway]], runs just north of the city, through the outer rim of New Haven, and Hamden. New Haven is also the site of the only highway tunnel in the state (Route 15). The tunnel runs through West Rock, home to West Rock Park and 3 Judges cave.

==== Airports ====
[[Tweed-New Haven Airport]] located along the New Haven/[[East Haven, Connecticut|East Haven]] border provides daily service through US Airways. Jet service returned to Tweed New Haven in May 2004 after a long absence, but was discontinued in January 2006. It is quite common for locals to use [[Bradley International Airport]] in [[Windsor Locks, Connecticut|Windsor Locks]], or New York City's [[LaGuardia Airport]] or [[JFK International Airport|JFK International]] or [[Newark, New Jersey]]'s [[Newark Liberty International Airport]], when flying overseas or to a non-Eastern destination.

=== Power supply facilities ===
Electricity for New Haven is generated by 448 MW oil and gas-fired generating station located on the shore at New Haven Harbor [http://www.pseg.com/companies/fossil/plants/newhaven.jsp]. In addition, Pensylvania Power and Light (PPL) Inc. operates a 220MW peaking natural gas turbine plant in nearby Wallingford.
Near New Haven there is the [[static inverter plant]] of the [[HVDC]] [[Cross Sound Cable]].

== Sister cities ==
New Haven encourages its citizens to gain a global awareness by forging links with [[sister cities]], including:
* {{flagicon|Israel}} [[Afula|Afula-Gilboa]], [[Israel]]
* {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Amalfi]], [[Italy]]
* {{flagicon|France}} [[Avignon]], [[France]]
* {{flagicon|Sierra Leone}} [[Freetown, Sierra Leone|Freetown]], [[Sierra Leone]]
* {{flagicon|Vietnam}} [[Hue (city)|Hue]], [[Vietnam]]
* {{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[León, Nicaragua|León]], [[Nicaragua]]

Some of these were selected because of historical connection — Freetown because of the Amistad trial. Others, such as Amalfi and Afula-Gilboa, reflect ethnic groups in New Haven.

In 1990, the [[United Nations]] named New Haven a "Peace Messenger City."

== Notable New Haven Natives and Long-Term Residents==
*[[Ben Allison]], jazz double bass player
*[[Bruce Altman]], actor
*[[Henry Austin (architect)|Henry Austin]], architect
*[[Roger Sherman Baldwin]], attorney
*[[Lyman Beecher]], clergyman and abolitionist
*[[George W. Bush]], current [[President of the United States]]
*[[Al Capp]], cartoonist
*[[Carpenters|Karen and Richard Carpenter]], singers/musicians
*[[Tommy Corcoran]], [[major league baseball]] player<ref name="The Baseball Encyclopedia">{{cite book |editor=Reichler, Joseph L.| title=The Baseball Encyclopedia |origyear=1969 |edition= 4th edition |year= 1979|publisher= Macmillan Publishing |location= New York|language= |id= ISBN 0025789708 }} </ref>
*[[Rosa DeLauro]], Congresswoman
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]], [[Mathematical physics|mathematical physicist]], founder of [[physical chemistry]], creator of [[Vector calculus|vector analysis]]
*[[Emma Goldman]], anarchist/feminist
*[[Fred Goldsmith]] (1856-1939), 19th-Century pro baseball pitcher, co-inventor of the [[curveball]], along with pitcher [[Candy Cummings]].
*[[Charles Goodyear]], inventor
*[[Gerry Hemingway]] (jazz percussionist and composer)
*[[Jack Hitt]], author, contributing editor [[Harper's]] magazine
*[[Charles Ives]], composer
*[[Norman Lear]], television producer
*[[Joe Lieberman]], vice-presidential candidate, 2000; U.S. Senator for Connecticut
*[[Floyd Little]], American football running back
*[[Paul MacCready]], inventor
*[[Robert Moses]], architect and urban planner
*[[George Murphy|George Lloyd Murphy]], dancer, actor and politician
*[[César Pelli]], architect
*[[Liz Phair]], musician
*[[Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.]], Congressman
*[[Jesse Richards]], artist and filmmaker
*[[Emily Saliers]], singer-songwriter and member of the [[Indigo Girls]]
*[[Alfred P. Sloan|Alfred Pritchard Sloan, Jr.]], businessman and former chief of [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]
*[[Allen Stack]], swimmer
*[[Benjamin Spock]], pediatrician and author
*[[Ithiel Town]], architect and civil engineer
*[[Eli Whitney]], inventor and innovator

==Notable Yale Alumni and Faculty==
{{main|List of Yale University people}}

==Literature==
* Leonard Bacon, ''Thirteen Historical Discourses'', (New Haven, 1839)
* C. H. Hoadley (editor), ''Records of the Colony of New Haven, 1638-1665'', (two volumes, Hartford, 1857-58)
* J. W. Barber, ''History and Antiquities of New Haven'', (third edition, New Haven, 1870)
* C. H. Levermore, ''Town and City Government of New Haven'', (Baltimore, 1886)
* C. H. Levermore, ''Republic of New Haven: A History of Municipal Evolution'', (Baltimore, 1886)
* E. S. Bartlett, ''Historical Sketches of New Haven'', (New Haven, 1897)
* F. H. Cogswell, "New Haven" in L. P. Powell (editor), ''Historic Towns of New England'', (New York, 1898)
* H. T. Blake, ''Chronicles of New Haven Green'', (New Haven, 1898)
* E. E. Atwater, ''History of the Colony of New Haven'', (New edition, New Haven, 1902)
* Douglas W. Rae, ''City: Urbanism and Its End'', (New Haven, 2003)
* ''New Haven City Yearbooks''
* Michael Sletcher, ''New Haven: From Puritanism to the Age of Terrorism'', (Charleston, 2004)

==References==
<references />

==External links==

{{commons|New Haven, Connecticut}}

*[http://www.cityofnewhaven.com/ City of New Haven official Web site]
*[http://www.infonewhaven.com/ InfoNewHaven.com - Your destination for New Haven happenings including concerts, plays, exhibits and more]
*[http://library.yale.edu/newhavenhistory/ Historical New Haven Digital Collection]
*[http://www.yaleeconomicreview.com/spring2005/yaleinc.php Yale Economic Review article on biotech in New Haven]
*[http://www.modelcity.org/ Life in the Model City: Stories of Urban Renewal in New Haven — online exhibit by the New Haven Oral History Project]
*[http://whorulesamerica.net/power/new_haven.html "Who Really Ruled in Dahl's New Haven?"] by G. William Domhoff — examination of power structures in New Haven and Yale in the 1960s
*[http://www.newhavenindependent.com/ The New Haven Independent] neighborhood-based online newspaper
*[http://www.newhavenweb.com/ NewHavenWeb - A Comprehensive Online Directory of New Haven]
*[http://www.cluefest.com/ Cluefest - New Haven's annual city-wide scavenger hunt]
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|41.31|-72.92}}

{{Neighborhoods of New Haven}}
{{Connecticut}}
{{AllAmericanCity}} -->

[[Category:Kota di Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Kota di Connecticut]]
[[Category:Puritanisme|New Haven, Connecticut]]

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Revisi terkini sejak 15 Januari 2024 06.04

Kota New Haven
Kota
Pemandangan dari Downtown New Haven
Pemandangan dari Downtown New Haven
Bendera Kota New Haven
Bendera
Lambang resmi Kota New Haven
Lambang
Julukan: 
The Elm City
Lokasi di New Haven County, Connecticut
Lokasi di New Haven County, Connecticut
NegaraAmerika Serikat
Negara bagianConnecticut
NECTANew Haven
RegionSouth Central Region
Ditempati1638
Didirikan (kota)1784
Dikonsolidasikan2010
Pemerintahan
 • JenisMayor-board of aldermen
 • MayorJohn DeStefano, Jr. (D)
Luas
 • Kota20,31 sq mi (52,6 km2)
 • Luas daratan18,9 sq mi (49,0 km2)
 • Luas perairan1,4 sq mi (3,6 km2)
 • Luas perkotaan
285,3 sq mi (738,9 km2)
Ketinggian
59 ft (18 m)
Populasi
 (2010)
 • Kota129.779
 • Kepadatan68,600/sq mi (2.648,6/km2)
 • Perkotaan
569.000
 • Metropolitan
846.766
 • Demonym
New Havener
 Area Metro untuk New Haven County
Zona waktuUTC-5 (Timur)
 • Musim panas (DST)UTC-4 (Timur)
Kode pos
06501-06540
Kode area telepon203
Kode FIPS09-52000
GNIS feature ID0209231
BandaraBandara Regional Tweed-New Haven (New Haven, CT) HVN (County)
Situs webwww.cityofnewhaven.com

New Haven adalah kota ketiga terbesar di Connecticut, setelah Bridgeport dan Hartford. Kota ini terletak di Kabupaten New Haven, di New Haven Harbor, di pantai utara dari Long Island Sound. Menurut sensus 2000, jumlah penduduk kota ini adalah 123.626. New Haven biasanya dianggap sebagai kota pertengahan di antara wilayah metropolitan New York dan daerah New England raya.

Nama julukan New Haven adalah Kota Pengkih, karena secara historis di sini terdapat banyak pohon pengkih. Kebanyakan pohon-pohon pengkih ini mati karena penyakit pengkih Belanda pada pertengahan abad ke-20, New Haven tetap merupakan kota yang sangat 'hijau'. Kota ini dianggap sebagai kota pertama yang direncanakan (1638) di Amerika Serikat. Kota ini mungkin paling terkenal sebagai tempat Universitas Yale. New Haven mengklaim dirinya sebagai tempat pertama diperkenalkannya pizza di Amerika Serikat (lihat Makanan) dan di sini pula diperkenalkan frisbee sebagai alat permainan.

New Haven adalah kota kelahiran Presiden George W. Bush, yang lahir ketika ayahnya, bekas presiden George H. W. Bush, tinggal di New Haven yang saat itu kuliah di Yale. Mayoritas penduduk kota ini adalah pendukung partai Demokrat dan memberikan dukungan yang besar kepada Al Gore dalam pemilu 2000 dan sesama luluasn Yale John Kerry dalam 2004. Para petugas jalan raya Interstate membuat tanda-tanda di Interstate 91 dan 95 yang mengumumkan bahwa kota itu adalah tempat kelahiran presiden AS yang sekarang, tetapi tanda-tanda itu dengan segera mengalami vandalisme dan harus disingkirkan. New Haven juga pernah menjadi tempat tinggal sementara bekas presiden Bill Clinton dan Senator AS Hillary Rodham Clinton, yang bertemu ketika sama-sama menjadi mahasiswa di Sekolah Hukum Yale.

Sejarah

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Sejarah pra-kolonial dan kolonial

[sunting | sunting sumber]



Artikel bertopik geografi atau tempat Amerika Serikat ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=New_Haven,_Connecticut&oldid=25171606"