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{{Infobox Celebrity
{{Infobox Celebrity
|name = Ted Turner
|name = Ted Turner
|image = Ted Turner LF.JPG
|image = Ted Turner at the LBJ Foundation.jpg
|caption = Turner in 2007.
|caption = Turner in 2015.
|birth_name = Robert Edward Turner III
|birth_name = Robert Edward Turner III
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1938|11|19}}
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1938|11|19}}
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|death_place =
|death_place =
|occupation = Raja Media
|occupation = Raja Media
|networth={{steady}} $2.3 billion<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/54/400list08_Robert-E-Ted-Turner_ETX7.html| title=The Forbes 400 - #190 "Robert E "Ted" Turner| work=[[Forbes]]| date=2008-09-17| accessdate=2008-10-11}}</ref>
|networth={{steady}} $2.3 billion<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/54/400list08_Robert-E-Ted-Turner_ETX7.html|title=The Forbes 400 - #190 "Robert E "Ted" Turner|work=[[Forbes]]|date=2008-09-17|accessdate=2008-10-11}}</ref>
|spouse = Julia Gale Nye (1960–1964) <br /> Jane Shirley Smith (1965–1988) <br /> [[Jane Fonda]] (1991–2001)
|spouse = Julia Gale Nye (1960–1964) <br /> Jane Shirley Smith (1965–1988) <br /> [[Jane Fonda]] (1991–2001)
|children = Laura Lee, Robert Edward IV, Rhett, Beauregard, Jennie
|children = Laura Lee, Robert Edward IV, Rhett, Beauregard, Jennie
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|footnotes =
|footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Robert Edward "Ted" Turner III''' ({{lahirmati|[[Cincinnati, Ohio]], [[Amerika Serikat]]|19|11|1938}}) adalah seorang [[Amerika Serikat|Amerika]] [[raja media massa]] dan [[filantropis]]. Ia terkenal sebagai pendiri [[TBS (jaringan TV)|TBS]] dan [[CNN]], serta janjinya untuk menyumbangkan $1 miliar kepada [[Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa|PBB]] melalui [[Yayasan PBB]] miliknya.
'''Robert Edward "Ted" Turner III''' ({{lahirmati|[[Cincinnati, Ohio]], [[Amerika Serikat]]|19|11|1938}}) adalah seorang [[Amerika Serikat|Amerika]] [[raja media massa]] dan [[filantropis]]. Ia terkenal sebagai pendiri [[TBS (jaringan TV)|TBS]] dan [[CNN]], serta janjinya untuk menyumbangkan $1 miliar kepada [[Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa|PBB]] melalui [[Yayasan PBB]] miliknya.


Kerajaan media Turner dimulai dengan bisnis [[billboard (iklan)|billboard]] ayahnya yang diopernya ketika ia berusia 24 tahun setelah ayahnya bunuh diri. Bisnis billboard ini, ''Turner Outdoor Advertising'', bernilai sekitar $1 juta ketika Turner mengopernya pada [[1963]]. Pada tahun [[1970]] ia membeli sebuah stasiun [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]] di [[Atlanta]] dan mulai membangun [[Turner Broadcasting System]]. Stasiun televisinya, [[Cable News Network]] mengubah secara revolusioner media berita dan menjadi menonjol ketika meliput kecelakaan peluncuran pesawat ruang angkasa [[STS-51-L|''Challenger'']] pada 1986 dan [[Perang Teluk Persia]] pada [[1991]]. Dengan menggunakan kerajaan medianya untuk publisitas, Turner mengubah tim bisbol [[Atlanta Braves]] menjadi sebuah waralaba populer secara nasional. Kemudian ia menyelenggarakan pertandingan olah raga amal [[Goodwill Games]].
Kerajaan media Turner dimulai dengan bisnis [[billboard (iklan)|billboard]] ayahnya yang diopernya ketika ia berusia 24 tahun setelah ayahnya bunuh diri. Bisnis billboard ini, ''Turner Outdoor Advertising'', bernilai sekitar $1 juta ketika Turner mengopernya pada [[1963]]. Pada tahun [[1970]] ia membeli sebuah stasiun [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]] di [[Atlanta]] dan mulai membangun [[Turner Broadcasting System]]. Stasiun televisinya, [[Cable News Network]] mengubah secara revolusioner media berita dan menjadi menonjol ketika meliput kecelakaan peluncuran pesawat ruang angkasa [[STS-51-L|''Challenger'']] pada 1986 dan [[Perang Teluk Persia]] pada [[1991]]. Dengan menggunakan kerajaan medianya untuk publisitas, Turner mengubah tim bisbol [[Atlanta Braves]] menjadi sebuah waralaba populer secara nasional. Kemudian ia menyelenggarakan pertandingan olahraga amal [[Goodwill Games]].


Kesukaan Turner untuk membuat pernyataan-pernyataan kontroversial membuat ia dijuluki "Mulut Selatan (Amerika)." Turner juga membuat berita karena pernikahannya yang banyak dipublikasikan dengan [[Jane Fonda]] serta perceraian mereka kemudian.
Kesukaan Turner untuk membuat pernyataan-pernyataan kontroversial membuat ia dijuluki "Mulut Selatan (Amerika)." Turner juga membuat berita karena pernikahannya yang banyak dipublikasikan dengan [[Jane Fonda]] serta perceraian mereka kemudian.


Selain sumbangan dermanya, Turner banyak mendukung gerakan campuran antara lingkungan hidup dan kapitalisme. ia memiliki tanah jauh lebih banyak dari orang Amerika manapun, dan menggunakan banyak dari tanahnya itu sebagai tempat peternakan untuk rencananya memopulerkan kembali [[Ted's Montana Grill|daging bison]], dan dalam proses tersebut ia mengumpulkan kawanan bison terbesar di seluruh dunia.
Selain sumbangan dermanya, Turner banyak mendukung gerakan campuran antara lingkungan hidup dan kapitalisme. ia memiliki tanah jauh lebih banyak dari orang Amerika manapun, dan menggunakan banyak dari tanahnya itu sebagai tempat peternakan untuk rencananya memopulerkan kembali [[Ted's Montana Grill|daging bison]], dan dalam proses tersebut ia mengumpulkan kawanan bison terbesar di seluruh dunia.


== Biografi ==
== Biografi ==
=== Awal kehidupan ===
=== Awal kehidupan ===
Turner dilahirkan di [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]. Ketika berusia 9 tahun, keluarganya pindah ke [[Savannah, Georgia]]. Ia belajar di [[Sekolah McCallie]], sebuah sekolah Kristen tanpa afiliasi di [[Chattanooga, Tennessee]]. Turner kemudian kuliah di [[Universitas Brown]] dan, meskipun ia bukan mahasiswa yang menonjol di kelasnya, ia menjadi wkail presiden [[Persatuan Debat Brown]]. Turner dikeluarkan dari Brown pada 1960 karena menerima tamu seorang perempuan tanpa izin di kamar asramanya.
Turner dilahirkan di [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]. Ketika berusia 9 tahun, keluarganya pindah ke [[Savannah, Georgia]]. Ia belajar di [[Sekolah McCallie]], sebuah sekolah Kristen tanpa afiliasi di [[Chattanooga, Tennessee]]. Turner kemudian kuliah di [[Universitas Brown]] dan, meskipun ia bukan mahasiswa yang menonjol di kelasnya, ia menjadi wkail presiden [[Persatuan Debat Brown]]. Turner dikeluarkan dari Brown pada 1960 karena menerima tamu seorang perempuan tanpa izin di kamar asramanya.


Ted Turner mulai berlayar pada usia 9 tahun. Ia ikut serta dalam kompetisi ketika berusia 11 tahun di program junior dari Klub Yacht Savannah, dan kemudian bertanding dalam percobaan-percobaan Olimpiade pada 1964. Pada 1970-an, Turner ikut pertandingan kapal layar di [[Piala Amerika]]. Pada 1977, ia mengepalai yacht yang menang, ''Courageous'', dan menarik publisitas karena muncul dalam konferensi pers setelah pertandingan dalam keadaan mabuk.
Ted Turner mulai berlayar pada usia 9 tahun. Ia ikut serta dalam kompetisi ketika berusia 11 tahun di program junior dari Klub Yacht Savannah, dan kemudian bertanding dalam percobaan-percobaan Olimpiade pada 1964. Pada 1970-an, Turner ikut pertandingan kapal layar di [[Piala Amerika]]. Pada 1977, ia mengepalai yacht yang menang, ''Courageous'', dan menarik publisitas karena muncul dalam konferensi pers setelah pertandingan dalam keadaan mabuk.


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He purchased the [[Atlanta Braves]] and [[Atlanta Hawks]] in 1976 and created the [[Goodwill Games]] in 1986. His relationship with the Braves was somewhat peculiar before the team's success in the 1990s; Turner was one of the more hands-on owners in [[baseball]] history, at one point going as far as to give the team's regular manager the day off so Turner could manage. About this experience, he famously said, "Managing isn't that difficult, you just have to score more runs than the other guy". [[Turner Field]], which was first used for the [[1996 Summer Olympics]] as [[Centennial Olympic Stadium]] and then converted into a baseball-only facility for the Braves shortly thereafter, is named after him.
He purchased the [[Atlanta Braves]] and [[Atlanta Hawks]] in 1976 and created the [[Goodwill Games]] in 1986. His relationship with the Braves was somewhat peculiar before the team's success in the 1990s; Turner was one of the more hands-on owners in [[baseball]] history, at one point going as far as to give the team's regular manager the day off so Turner could manage. About this experience, he famously said, "Managing isn't that difficult, you just have to score more runs than the other guy". [[Turner Field]], which was first used for the [[1996 Summer Olympics]] as [[Centennial Olympic Stadium]] and then converted into a baseball-only facility for the Braves shortly thereafter, is named after him.


After a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Ted Turner purchased the legendary but struggling Hollywood film studio [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]]/[[United Artists|UA]] Entertainment Co. from [[Kirk Kerkorian]] in 1986 for $1.5 Billion.
After a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Ted Turner purchased the legendary but struggling Hollywood film studio [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]]/[[United Artists|UA]] Entertainment Co. from [[Kirk Kerkorian]] in 1986 for $1.5 Billion.


Following the acquisition, Ted Turner assumed an enormous debt and had no other choice but to sell parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment Co. was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar/Telepictures. Turner kept MGM/UA's pre-1986 and pre-merger film and TV library, which included nearly all of MGM/UA's material made before the merger, and a small portion of [[United Artists]]'s film and TV properties (which included very few UA pictures, the TV series ''[[Gilligan's Island]]'', the [[RKO Radio Pictures]] library, and the pre-1948 Warner Bros. library that was once the property of [[Associated Artists Productions]], UA Television's predecessor company).
Following the acquisition, Ted Turner assumed an enormous debt and had no other choice but to sell parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment Co. was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar/Telepictures. Turner kept MGM/UA's pre-1986 and pre-merger film and TV library, which included nearly all of MGM/UA's material made before the merger, and a small portion of [[United Artists]]'s film and TV properties (which included very few UA pictures, the TV series ''[[Gilligan's Island]]'', the [[RKO Radio Pictures]] library, and the pre-1948 Warner Bros. library that was once the property of [[Associated Artists Productions]], UA Television's predecessor company).
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In the mid-1980s, Turner became a driving force for the [[Film colorization|colorization]] of black and white films. In 1985, the film ''[[Yankee Doodle Dandy]]'' became the first black and white movie to be redistributed in color, thanks to computer colorization. Despite widespread opposition to the practice by many film aficionados, stars and directors, the movie won over a sizeable section of the public on its re-release [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0035575/trivia], and Turner would soon colorize a majority of films that he had owned. However, in the mid-1990s, the high cost of the process led Turner to abandon the idea of colorizing films. In contrast with TNT, TCM has shown the unaltered versions of films.
In the mid-1980s, Turner became a driving force for the [[Film colorization|colorization]] of black and white films. In 1985, the film ''[[Yankee Doodle Dandy]]'' became the first black and white movie to be redistributed in color, thanks to computer colorization. Despite widespread opposition to the practice by many film aficionados, stars and directors, the movie won over a sizeable section of the public on its re-release [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0035575/trivia], and Turner would soon colorize a majority of films that he had owned. However, in the mid-1990s, the high cost of the process led Turner to abandon the idea of colorizing films. In contrast with TNT, TCM has shown the unaltered versions of films.


[[Turner Entertainment|Turner Entertainment Co.]] was established in August 1986 to oversee the entire film properties owned by Ted Turner.
[[Turner Entertainment|Turner Entertainment Co.]] was established in August 1986 to oversee the entire film properties owned by Ted Turner.


In 1988, Turner purchased [[World Championship Wrestling]]. In 2001, under [[AOL-Time_Warner|AOL Time Warner]] control, it was sold to the competing [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]].
In 1988, Turner purchased [[World Championship Wrestling]]. In 2001, under [[AOL-Time_Warner|AOL Time Warner]] control, it was sold to the competing [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]].
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In 1989, Ted Turner created the [[Turner Tomorrow Fellowship Award|Turner Tomorrow Fellowship]] to be awarded to a work of fiction offering positive solutions to global problems. The winner, chosen from 2500 entries worldwide, was [[Daniel Quinn]]'s ''[[Ishmael (novel)|Ishmael]]''.
In 1989, Ted Turner created the [[Turner Tomorrow Fellowship Award|Turner Tomorrow Fellowship]] to be awarded to a work of fiction offering positive solutions to global problems. The winner, chosen from 2500 entries worldwide, was [[Daniel Quinn]]'s ''[[Ishmael (novel)|Ishmael]]''.


In 1990, he created the [[Turner Foundation]], which focuses on philanthropic grants in the areas of the environment and population. Also in that year, he created the character [[Captain Planet]], an environmental [[superhero]]. Turner produced two TV series with him as the featured character.
In 1990, he created the [[Turner Foundation]], which focuses on philanthropic grants in the areas of the environment and population. Also in that year, he created the character [[Captain Planet]], an environmental [[superhero]]. Turner produced two TV series with him as the featured character.


In 1993, Turner appeared in the epic [[Gettysburg (film)|''Gettysburg'']], which he produced, as [[Colonel Waller T Patton|Colonel Waller T. Patton]], a role he reprised in the 2003 prequel ''[[Gods and Generals]]'', also produced by Turner.
In 1993, Turner appeared in the epic [[Gettysburg (film)|''Gettysburg'']], which he produced, as [[Colonel Waller T Patton|Colonel Waller T. Patton]], a role he reprised in the 2003 prequel ''[[Gods and Generals]]'', also produced by Turner.
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==Achievements==
==Achievements==


He is America's largest private [[landowner]], owning approximately two million acres (8,000 km²), which is greater than the land areas of the two smallest states of [[Delaware]] and [[Rhode Island]] combined. According to [[documentary film]]maker [[Michael Moore]], Turner's land has a higher [[gross domestic product]] than the country of [[Belize]]. He also has the largest private [[American Bison|bison]] herd in the world, with 40,000 head. In 2002, Turner co-founded [[Ted's Montana Grill]], a [[restaurant]] chain specializing in [[burger]]s made from fresh ground bison meat.
He is America's largest private [[landowner]], owning approximately two million acres (8,000 km²), which is greater than the land areas of the two smallest states of [[Delaware]] and [[Rhode Island]] combined. According to [[documentary film]]maker [[Michael Moore]], Turner's land has a higher [[gross domestic product]] than the country of [[Belize]]. He also has the largest private [[American Bison|bison]] herd in the world, with 40,000 head. In 2002, Turner co-founded [[Ted's Montana Grill]], a [[restaurant]] chain specializing in [[burger]]s made from fresh ground bison meat.


Under his ownership, World Championship Wrestling became the only federation in history to outrate and outsell the McMahon family and their World Wrestling Federation.
Under his ownership, World Championship Wrestling became the only federation in history to outrate and outsell the McMahon family and their World Wrestling Federation.
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== Rujukan budaya ==
== Rujukan budaya ==
Beberapa pertunjukan komedi kartun dan permainan mempunyai tokoh-tokoh kecil berdasarkan Ted Turner:
Beberapa pertunjukan komedi kartun dan permainan mempunyai tokoh-tokoh kecil berdasarkan Ted Turner:
* ''[[The Critic]]''
* ''[[The Critic]]''
** Duke Phillips, produsen TV yang heroik dan berkumis
** Duke Phillips, produsen TV yang heroik dan berkumis
* ''[[Bloom County]]''
* ''[[Bloom County]]''
** [[Ash Dashley]]
** [[Ash Dashley]]
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== Bibliografi ==
== Bibliografi ==
⚫
* ''Racing Edge'' oleh Ted Turner (Simon & Schuster, 1979) ISBN 0-671-24419-1


⚫
* ''Racing Edge'' oleh Ted Turner (Simon & Schuster, 1979) ISBN 0-671-24419-1
* '''Biografi'''
* '''Biografi'''
** ''Media Man: Ted Turner's Improbable Empire'' oleh Ken Auletta (W. W. Norton, 2004) ISBN 0-393-05168-4
** ''Media Man: Ted Turner's Improbable Empire'' oleh Ken Auletta (W. W. Norton, 2004) ISBN 0-393-05168-4
** ''Clash of the Titans: How the Unbridled Ambition of Ted Turner and Rupert Murdoch Has Created Global Empires that Control What We Read and Watch Each Day'' oleh Richard Hack (New Millennium Press, 2003) ISBN 1-893224-60-0
** ''Clash of the Titans: How the Unbridled Ambition of Ted Turner and Rupert Murdoch Has Created Global Empires that Control What We Read and Watch Each Day'' oleh Richard Hack (New Millennium Press, 2003) ISBN 1-893224-60-0
** ''Me and Ted Against the World: The Unauthorized Story of the Founding of CNN'' oleh Reese Schonfeld (HarperBusiness, 2001) 0060197463
** ''Me and Ted Against the World: The Unauthorized Story of the Founding of CNN'' oleh Reese Schonfeld (HarperBusiness, 2001) 0060197463
** ''Ted Turner Speaks: Insights from the World's Greatest Maverick'' oleh Janet Lowe (Wiley, 1999) ISBN 0-471-34563-6
** ''Ted Turner Speaks: Insights from the World's Greatest Maverick'' oleh Janet Lowe (Wiley, 1999) ISBN 0-471-34563-6
** ''Riding A White Horse: Ted Turner's Goodwill Games and Other Crusades'' oleh Althea Carlson (Episcopal Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9663743-0-4
** ''Riding A White Horse: Ted Turner's Goodwill Games and Other Crusades'' oleh Althea Carlson (Episcopal Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9663743-0-4
** ''Ted Turner: It Ain't As Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN'' oleh [[Porter Bibb]] (Virgin Books, 1996) ISBN 0-86369-892-1
** ''Ted Turner: It Ain't As Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN'' oleh [[Porter Bibb]] (Virgin Books, 1996) ISBN 0-86369-892-1
** ''Citizen Turner: The Wild Rise of an American Tycoon'' oleh Robert Goldberg and Gary Jay Goldberg (Harcourt, 1995) ISBN 0-15-118008-3
** ''Citizen Turner: The Wild Rise of an American Tycoon'' oleh Robert Goldberg and Gary Jay Goldberg (Harcourt, 1995) ISBN 0-15-118008-3
** ''Cnn: The Inside Story : How a Band of Mavericks Changed the Face of Television News'' oleh Hank Whittemore (Little Brown & Co, 1990) ISBN 0-316-93761-4
** ''Cnn: The Inside Story: How a Band of Mavericks Changed the Face of Television News'' oleh Hank Whittemore (Little Brown & Co, 1990) ISBN 0-316-93761-4
** ''Lead Follow or Get Out of the Way: The Story of Ted Turner'' oleh Christian Williams (Times Books, 1981) ISBN 0-8129-1004-4
** ''Lead Follow or Get Out of the Way: The Story of Ted Turner'' oleh Christian Williams (Times Books, 1981) ISBN 0-8129-1004-4


== Referensi dan pranala luar ==
== Referensi dan pranala luar ==
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{{wikiquote}}
{{wikiquote}}
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
* [http://www.tedturner.com/ Situs resmi]
* [http://www.tedturner.com/ Situs resmi]
* [http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0877894/ Ted Turner di IMDB]
* [http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0877894/ Ted Turner di IMDB]
* [http://www.askmen.com/men/feb00/14_ted_turner.html Ted Turner di AskMen.com]
* [http://www.askmen.com/men/feb00/14_ted_turner.html Ted Turner di AskMen.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226200450/http://www.askmen.com/men/feb00/14_ted_turner.html |date=2008-02-26 }}
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{{succession box | title=[[Atlanta Braves/Manajer dan pemilik|Manajer Atlanta Braves]] | before=[[Dave Bristol]] | years=satu pertandingan pada 1977| after= [[Dave Bristol]]
{{succession box |title=[[Atlanta Braves/Manajer dan pemilik|Manajer Atlanta Braves]] |before=[[Dave Bristol]] |years=satu pertandingan pada 1977|after= [[Dave Bristol]]
}}
}}
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{{Time Warner}}
{{Time Warner}}

{{Persondata
|NAME=Turner III, Robert Edward
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Ted Turner
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=Pemilik media Amerika, filantropis, pendiri TBS dan CNN
|DATE OF BIRTH=19 November 1938
|PLACE OF BIRTH=Cincinnati, Ohio
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Ted}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Ted}}
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[[Kategori:Ateis Amerika Serikat]]

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[[Kategori:Ateis Amerika]]
[[Kategori:Filantropis Amerika Serikat]]
[[Kategori:Filantropis Amerika Serikat]]
[[Kategori:Raja media massa]]
[[Kategori:Raja media massa]]
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[[Kategori:Tokoh tahun ini majalah "Time"]]
[[Kategori:Tokoh tahun ini majalah "Time"]]
[[Kategori:Person of the Year]]
[[Kategori:Person of the Year]]

[[ar:تد تيرنر]]
[[be:Тэд Цёрнер]]
[[bg:Тед Търнър]]
[[ca:Ted Turner]]
[[da:Ted Turner]]
[[de:Ted Turner]]
[[en:Ted Turner]]
[[es:Ted Turner]]
[[fi:Ted Turner]]
[[fr:Ted Turner]]
[[fy:Ted Turner]]
[[he:טד טרנר]]
[[hr:Ted Turner]]
[[hu:Ted Turner]]
[[it:Ted Turner]]
[[ja:テッド・ターナー]]
[[kk:Тед Тернер]]
[[ko:테드 터너]]
[[nl:Ted Turner]]
[[no:Ted Turner]]
[[pl:Ted Turner (przedsiębiorca)]]
[[pt:Ted Turner]]
[[ro:Ted Turner]]
[[ru:Тёрнер, Тед]]
[[simple:Ted Turner]]
[[sr:Тед Тарнер]]
[[sv:Ted Turner]]
[[tr:Ted Turner]]
[[uk:Тед Тернер]]
[[zh:泰德·透納]]

Revisi per 23 Juni 2024 15.23

Ted Turner
Turner in 2015.
LahirRobert Edward Turner III
19 November 1938 (umur 85)
Cincinnati, Ohio, Amerika Serikat
KebangsaanAmerika Serikat
PekerjaanRaja Media
Dikenal atasTelevisi, Ted's Montana Grill, bekas pemilik Atlanta Braves, filantropis
Kekayaan bersihSteady $2.3 billion[1]
Suami/istriJulia Gale Nye (1960–1964)
Jane Shirley Smith (1965–1988)
Jane Fonda (1991–2001)
AnakLaura Lee, Robert Edward IV, Rhett, Beauregard, Jennie
IMDB: nm0877894 Facebook: Ted-Turner-505718032870783 Musicbrainz: f969e7c5-14f8-462c-bf30-3b3ebf2500f4 Modifica els identificadors a Wikidata

Robert Edward "Ted" Turner III (lahir 19 November 1938) adalah seorang Amerika raja media massa dan filantropis. Ia terkenal sebagai pendiri TBS dan CNN, serta janjinya untuk menyumbangkan $1 miliar kepada PBB melalui Yayasan PBB miliknya.

Kerajaan media Turner dimulai dengan bisnis billboard ayahnya yang diopernya ketika ia berusia 24 tahun setelah ayahnya bunuh diri. Bisnis billboard ini, Turner Outdoor Advertising, bernilai sekitar $1 juta ketika Turner mengopernya pada 1963. Pada tahun 1970 ia membeli sebuah stasiun UHF di Atlanta dan mulai membangun Turner Broadcasting System. Stasiun televisinya, Cable News Network mengubah secara revolusioner media berita dan menjadi menonjol ketika meliput kecelakaan peluncuran pesawat ruang angkasa Challenger pada 1986 dan Perang Teluk Persia pada 1991. Dengan menggunakan kerajaan medianya untuk publisitas, Turner mengubah tim bisbol Atlanta Braves menjadi sebuah waralaba populer secara nasional. Kemudian ia menyelenggarakan pertandingan olahraga amal Goodwill Games.

Kesukaan Turner untuk membuat pernyataan-pernyataan kontroversial membuat ia dijuluki "Mulut Selatan (Amerika)." Turner juga membuat berita karena pernikahannya yang banyak dipublikasikan dengan Jane Fonda serta perceraian mereka kemudian.

Selain sumbangan dermanya, Turner banyak mendukung gerakan campuran antara lingkungan hidup dan kapitalisme. ia memiliki tanah jauh lebih banyak dari orang Amerika manapun, dan menggunakan banyak dari tanahnya itu sebagai tempat peternakan untuk rencananya memopulerkan kembali daging bison, dan dalam proses tersebut ia mengumpulkan kawanan bison terbesar di seluruh dunia.

Biografi

Awal kehidupan

Turner dilahirkan di Cincinnati, Ohio. Ketika berusia 9 tahun, keluarganya pindah ke Savannah, Georgia. Ia belajar di Sekolah McCallie, sebuah sekolah Kristen tanpa afiliasi di Chattanooga, Tennessee. Turner kemudian kuliah di Universitas Brown dan, meskipun ia bukan mahasiswa yang menonjol di kelasnya, ia menjadi wkail presiden Persatuan Debat Brown. Turner dikeluarkan dari Brown pada 1960 karena menerima tamu seorang perempuan tanpa izin di kamar asramanya.

Ted Turner mulai berlayar pada usia 9 tahun. Ia ikut serta dalam kompetisi ketika berusia 11 tahun di program junior dari Klub Yacht Savannah, dan kemudian bertanding dalam percobaan-percobaan Olimpiade pada 1964. Pada 1970-an, Turner ikut pertandingan kapal layar di Piala Amerika. Pada 1977, ia mengepalai yacht yang menang, Courageous, dan menarik publisitas karena muncul dalam konferensi pers setelah pertandingan dalam keadaan mabuk.


Pada 1998, Turner menyumbang $1 miliar dalam bentuk saham Time Warner kepada berbagai usaha PBB, mendirikan Yayasan PBB. Namun, rincian bagaimana dana itu dialokasikan tidak banyak diketahui. Sarjana hak asasi manusia, Mary Ann Glendon mencatat bahwa "Sikap Tn. Turner tampak bukan seperti memberi melainkan lebih sebagai upaya mengambil alih badan-badan PBB dengan akses istimewa kepada penduduk yang tak berdaya." Badan-badan PBB diharuskan mengajukan proposal kepada Yayasan PBB. Yayasan ini harus dipimpin oleh orang yang mempunyai pandangan yang sama dengan Turner, bekas pejabat Departemen Luar Negeri AS, Timothy Wirth. Wirth memimpin agenda pengendalian kependudukan AS pada Konferensi Kairo 1994 dan telah memuji RRT dan kebijakannya yang memaksakan satu anak saja untuk "perencanaan KB yang sangat efektif dalam investasi yang tinggi." (Lihat "Unfinished Business" oleh Mary Ann Glendon dalam The American Journal of Jurisprudence, 1999.)

Rujukan budaya

Beberapa pertunjukan komedi kartun dan permainan mempunyai tokoh-tokoh kecil berdasarkan Ted Turner:

Bibliografi

  • Racing Edge oleh Ted Turner (Simon & Schuster, 1979) ISBN 0-671-24419-1
  • Biografi
    • Media Man: Ted Turner's Improbable Empire oleh Ken Auletta (W. W. Norton, 2004) ISBN 0-393-05168-4
    • Clash of the Titans: How the Unbridled Ambition of Ted Turner and Rupert Murdoch Has Created Global Empires that Control What We Read and Watch Each Day oleh Richard Hack (New Millennium Press, 2003) ISBN 1-893224-60-0
    • Me and Ted Against the World: The Unauthorized Story of the Founding of CNN oleh Reese Schonfeld (HarperBusiness, 2001) 0060197463
    • Ted Turner Speaks: Insights from the World's Greatest Maverick oleh Janet Lowe (Wiley, 1999) ISBN 0-471-34563-6
    • Riding A White Horse: Ted Turner's Goodwill Games and Other Crusades oleh Althea Carlson (Episcopal Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9663743-0-4
    • Ted Turner: It Ain't As Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN oleh Porter Bibb (Virgin Books, 1996) ISBN 0-86369-892-1
    • Citizen Turner: The Wild Rise of an American Tycoon oleh Robert Goldberg and Gary Jay Goldberg (Harcourt, 1995) ISBN 0-15-118008-3
    • Cnn: The Inside Story: How a Band of Mavericks Changed the Face of Television News oleh Hank Whittemore (Little Brown & Co, 1990) ISBN 0-316-93761-4
    • Lead Follow or Get Out of the Way: The Story of Ted Turner oleh Christian Williams (Times Books, 1981) ISBN 0-8129-1004-4

Referensi dan pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Ted Turner.
Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: Ted Turner.
  1. ^ "The Forbes 400 - #190 "Robert E "Ted" Turner". Forbes. 2008-09-17. Diakses tanggal 2008-10-11. 
Didahului oleh:
Dave Bristol 		Manajer Atlanta Braves
satu pertandingan pada 1977 		Diteruskan oleh:
Dave Bristol
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