Ar-Ram: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Bibliografi == |
== Bibliografi == |
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* {{cite book|editor =Barron, J. B.|title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922|url=http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/PalestineCensus1922.pdf|publisher = Government of Palestine|year = 1923}} |
* {{cite book|editor =Barron, J. B.|title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922|url=http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/PalestineCensus1922.pdf|publisher = Government of Palestine|year = 1923}} |
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* {{cite journal | author = Conder, C. R.| authorlink=Claude Reignier Conder| title = Lieutenant Conder´s reports | journal = Quarterly statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 13 | pages = 158–208 | url = http://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme13pale | year = 1881}} |
* {{cite journal | author = Conder, C. R.| authorlink=Claude Reignier Conder| title = Lieutenant Conder´s reports | journal = Quarterly statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 13 | pages = 158–208 | url = http://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme13pale | year = 1881}} |
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* {{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=Claude Reignier|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1883|url=http://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp03conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=3}} |
* {{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=Claude Reignier|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1883|url=http://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp03conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=3}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Guérin|first=Victor|authorlink=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=http://archive.org/details/descriptionsam01gu|volume=2: Samarie, pt. 1|year=1874|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}} |
* {{cite book|last=Guérin|first=Victor|authorlink=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=http://archive.org/details/descriptionsam01gu|volume=2: Samarie, pt. 1|year=1874|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}} |
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* {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first1=Sami|last1=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}} |
* {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first1=Sami|last1=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}} |
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* {{cite book|last1= Hütteroth|first1=Wolf-Dieter|first2=Kamal|last2=Abdulfattah|title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century|year = 1977|publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|ISBN= 3-920405-41-2}} |
* {{cite book|last1= Hütteroth|first1=Wolf-Dieter|first2=Kamal|last2=Abdulfattah|title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century|year = 1977|publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|ISBN= 3-920405-41-2}} |
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* {{cite book|editor = Mills, E.|title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas|url=http://ia701204.us.archive.org/15/items/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas/PalestineCensus1931.pdf|publisher = Government of Palestine|location = Jerusalem|year = 1932}} |
* {{cite book|editor = Mills, E.|title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas|url=http://ia701204.us.archive.org/15/items/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas/PalestineCensus1931.pdf|publisher = Government of Palestine|location = Jerusalem|year = 1932}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=http://www.archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}} |
* {{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=http://www.archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}} |
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* {{cite journal | author = Pringle, D.| title = Two Medieval Villages North of Jerusalem: Archaeological Investigations in [[Al-Jib]] and Ar-Ram| journal = [[Council for British Research in the Levant|Levant]]| volume = 15 | pages = 141-177, pls.xvi-xxiia | year = 1983}} |
* {{cite journal | author = Pringle, D.| title = Two Medieval Villages North of Jerusalem: Archaeological Investigations in [[Al-Jib]] and Ar-Ram| journal = [[Council for British Research in the Levant|Levant]]| volume = 15 | pages = 141-177, pls.xvi-xxiia | year = 1983}} |
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* {{cite book|title= Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=-_NbE5obqRMC|first1=Denys|last1=Pringle|year=1997|ISBN=0521 46010 7|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}} |
* {{cite book|title= Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=-_NbE5obqRMC|first1=Denys|last1=Pringle|year=1997|ISBN=0521 46010 7|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}} |
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* {{cite book|title= The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (exluding Tyre)|volume=II |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=2Y0tA0xLzwEC|first=Denys|last=Pringle|year=1998|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|ISBN=0 521 39037 0}} |
* {{cite book|title= The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (exluding Tyre)|volume=II |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=2Y0tA0xLzwEC|first=Denys|last=Pringle|year=1998|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|ISBN=0 521 39037 0}} |
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* {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=http://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=[[Crocker & Brewster]]|volume=2}} ( pp. [http://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n130/mode/1up 108], [http://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n136/mode/1up 114], [http://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n163/mode/1up 141]) |
* {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=http://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=[[Crocker & Brewster]]|volume=2}} ( pp. [http://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n130/mode/1up 108], [http://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n136/mode/1up 114], [http://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n163/mode/1up 141]) |
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* {{cite book|last=Röhricht|first=Reinhold|authorlink=Reinhold Röhricht|title= (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI)|url=http://archive.org/details/regestaregnihie00rhgoog|year=1893|publisher=Libraria Academica Wageriana|location=Berlin|language=Latin}} (Index: p. [http://archive.org/stream/regestaregnihie00rhgoog#page/n497/mode/1up 491]: Aram (Haram), p. [http://archive.org/stream/regestaregnihie00rhgoog#page/n510/mode/1up 504]: Rama, Ramatha ) |
* {{cite book|last=Röhricht|first=Reinhold|authorlink=Reinhold Röhricht|title= (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI)|url=http://archive.org/details/regestaregnihie00rhgoog|year=1893|publisher=Libraria Academica Wageriana|location=Berlin|language=Latin}} (Index: p. [http://archive.org/stream/regestaregnihie00rhgoog#page/n497/mode/1up 491]: Aram (Haram), p. [http://archive.org/stream/regestaregnihie00rhgoog#page/n510/mode/1up 504]: Rama, Ramatha ) |
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* {{cite book|editor=de Roziére|title=Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican|url=http://archive.org/details/cartulairedelgl00jergoog|year=1849|publisher=Imprimerie nationale|location=Paris|language=Latin, French}} |
* {{cite book|editor=de Roziére|title=Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican|url=http://archive.org/details/cartulairedelgl00jergoog|year=1849|publisher=Imprimerie nationale|location=Paris|language=Latin, French}} |
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* {{cite journal|last=Toledano |first=E. |title=The Sanjaq of Jerusalem in the Sixteenth Century: Aspects of Topography and Population |journal =Archivum Ottomanicum|volume=9|pages=279–319 |date=1984}} |
* {{cite journal|last=Toledano |first=E. |title=The Sanjaq of Jerusalem in the Sixteenth Century: Aspects of Topography and Population |journal =Archivum Ottomanicum|volume=9|pages=279–319 |date=1984}} |
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* Wilson, Charles Williams, ed. (1881, 1884): ''[http://www.archive.org/details/picturesquepales01wilsuoft Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt]''. '''vol 1''' of 4. |
* Wilson, Charles Williams, ed. (1881, 1884): ''[http://www.archive.org/details/picturesquepales01wilsuoft Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt]''. '''vol 1''' of 4. |
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{{refend}} |
{{refend}} |
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== Pranala luar == |
== Pranala luar == |
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* [http://www.palestineremembered.com/GeoPoints/al_Ram_2089/index.html Welcome To al-Ram] |
* [http://www.palestineremembered.com/GeoPoints/al_Ram_2089/index.html Welcome To al-Ram] |
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* Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8379 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.17.jpg Wikimedia commons] |
* Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8379 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.17.jpg Wikimedia commons] |
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* [http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/factsheet/Ar%20Ram_EN.pdf Al-Ram Town (Fact Sheet)], ARIJ |
* [http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/factsheet/Ar%20Ram_EN.pdf Al-Ram Town (Fact Sheet)], ARIJ |
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* [http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/Ar%20Ram_EN.pdf Ar Ram Town Profile], ARIJ |
* [http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/Ar%20Ram_EN.pdf Ar Ram Town Profile], ARIJ |
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Revisi per 23 Januari 2017 04.13
A-Ram ' atau al-Ramm ' (bahasa Arab: الرّام;) adalah Palestina kota yang terletak di timur laut Yerusalem, tepat di luar kota perbatasan municipal. Desa adalah bagian dari wilayah perkotaan built-up Yerusalem, dan zona industri Atarot Beit Hanina kebohongan ke Barat, dan Neve Yakub berbatasan di Selatan. [1] with a built-up area of 3,289 dunums. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, a-Ram had a population of 25,595 in 2006.[2] The head of a-Ram village council estimates that 58,000 people live there, more than half of them holding Israeli identity cards.[3]
Ar-Ram | |
|---|---|
munb | |
| Transkripsi Lainnya | |
| • Arab | الرّام |
| • Ejaan lain | al-Ramm (resmi) al-Ram (tak resmi) |
 Ar-Ram | |
| Kegubernuran | Yerusalem |
| Pemerintahan | |
| • Jenis | Munisipalitas |
| Luas | |
| • Yurisdiksi | 3,289 dunams (33 km2 or 13 sq mi) |
| Populasi (2006) | |
| • Yurisdiksi | 25.595 |
| Arti nama | "The Hill"/"Stagnant water"[4] |
Sejarah
Dalam Crusader, Al-Ram bernama Aram, Haram, Rama, Ramatha, Ramitta, atau Ramathes. [5]
Al-Ram adalah salah satu dari 21 desa yang diberikan oleh raja Godfrey sebagai perdikan untuk Gereja Makam Suci [6] [7]
Semua penduduk desa yang disebutkan dalam sumber-sumber Tentara Salib antara 1152 dan 1160 memiliki nama yang berarti mereka adalah Kristen. [8] [9]
Kota Saudara
References
- ^ "The Separation Barrier surrounding a-Ram". Btselem. January 1, 2014. Diakses tanggal 18 January 2014.
- ^ "Projected Mid -Year Population for Jerusalem Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006". Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 7, 2012. Diakses tanggal January 9, 2015.
- ^ "Israel's Apartheid Wall Surrounding a-Ram". B'Tselem. Palestine Media Center. June 27, 2005. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 27, 2011. Diakses tanggal January 9, 2015.
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 324
- ^ Pringle, 1998, p. 179
- ^ Conder dan Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 11
- ^ de Roziére, 1849, ms. 263: Haram, dikutip dalam Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 16-17, No 74
- ^ Röhricht, 1893, RRH, ms. 70 - 71, No 278; 92, ms. No 353
- ^ Pringle, 1998, mukasurat 180
Bibliografi
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Al-Ram.
- Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 (PDF). Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C. R. (1881). "Lieutenant Conder´s reports". Quarterly statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 13: 158–208.
- Conder, Claude Reignier; Kitchener, H. H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Guérin, Victor (1874). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (dalam bahasa French). 2: Samarie, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, Sami (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas (PDF). Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Pringle, D. (1983). "Two Medieval Villages North of Jerusalem: Archaeological Investigations in Al-Jib and Ar-Ram". Levant. 15: 141–177, pls.xvi–xxiia.
- Pringle, Denys (1997). Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521 46010 7.
- Pringle, Denys (1998). The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (exluding Tyre). II. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0 521 39037 0.
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. 2. Boston: Crocker & Brewster. ( pp. 108, 114, 141)
- Röhricht, Reinhold (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (dalam bahasa Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana. (Index: p. 491: Aram (Haram), p. 504: Rama, Ramatha )
- Röhricht, Reinhold (1904). (RRH Ad) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani Additamentum (dalam bahasa Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana. (Index: p. 129: Aram #74; p. 134: er Ram #74; Rama #30a; (Rame? #512)
- de Roziére, ed. (1849). Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican (dalam bahasa Latin and French). Paris: Imprimerie nationale.
- Toledano, E. (1984). "The Sanjaq of Jerusalem in the Sixteenth Century: Aspects of Topography and Population". Archivum Ottomanicum. 9: 279–319.
- Wilson, Charles Williams, ed. (1881, 1884): Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt. vol 1 of 4.
Pranala luar
- Welcome To al-Ram
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Al-Ram Town (Fact Sheet), ARIJ
- Ar Ram Town Profile, ARIJ
- Ar Ram Areal photo, ARIJ
- "Another Palestinian Ghetto in East Jerusalem: Israel Closes the Segregation Wall in Al Ram". Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem. 21 March 2005.
- Oz Rosenberg (11 April 2012). "IDF closes off central Palestinian town to vehicles". Haaretz.
