Penjara Abu Ghraib: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Revisi per 25 Februari 2008 04.05

Penjara Abu Ghraib (bahasa Arab: سجن أبو غريب; juga Abu Ghurayb) terletak di Abu Ghraib, sebuah kota di Irak, 32 km di sebelah barat Baghdad. Penjara ini menjadi terkenal di dunia internasional sebagai tempat pemerintah Saddam Hussein menyiksa dan menghukum mati para pembangkang, dan belakangan sebagai tempat skandal penyiksaan terhadap para tahanan Abu Ghraib. Kasus penyiksaan oleh militer Amerika Serikat terhadap para pembangkang Irak ini terungkap dalam serangakain foto yang disebarkan di media massa di seluruh dunia.

Di bawah pemerintahan Ba'ath Saddam Hussein, tempat ini dikenal sebagai Penjara Abu Ghraib dan mempunyai reputasi sebagai tempat penyiksaan. Bahkan di tempat ini pernah berlangsung penyiksaan yang paling kejam di dunia modern. Tempat ini kadang-kadang dirujuk oleh media Barat sebagai "Pusat Penyiksaan" Saddam Hussein. Setelah pasukan-pasukan Amerika Serikat menyingkirkan pemerintahan Irak yang lama, nama penjara ini diubah menjadi Fasilitas Tahanan Sentral Baghdad (BCCF)' atau Fasilitas Rehabilitasi Sentral Baghdad. Pada Mei 2004, Kamp Avalanche, sebuah kamp tenda di lokasi Abu Ghraib untuk para tahanan keamanan, mengubah namanya menjadi Kamp Penebusan atas permintaan seorang anggota dewan pemerintahan yang berkuasa.

Kompleks penjara ini dibangun oleh kontraktor Britania pada 1960-an dan mencakup 1,15 km² dengan total 24 menara pengawal. Wilayah yang luasnya sama dengan sebuah kota kecil, dibagi ke dalam lima kompleks berdinding untuk berbagai jenis tahanan. Masing-masing blok mempunyai sebuah ruang makan, ruang sembahyang, ruang olah raga dan fasilitas kebersihan yang mendasar. Sel-selnya memuat hingga 40 orang di ruangan berukuran 4x4 meter. Setelah pemerintahan Irak jatuh pada 2003, kelima kompleks ini diperuntukkan bagi para tahanan asing, tahanan jangka panjang, tahanan jangka pendek, kejahatan berat, dan kejahatan-kejahatan "khusus".

Tahanan

Ahmad Aziz Rafiq

Lihat pula

Rujukan

Pranala luar

Abu Ghraib abuse slideshow with commentary.
General Janis Karpinski was in charge of Abu Ghraib and now is a talk radio host Interview with Janis 2nd hour of the Interview
Map showing location - globalsecurity.org
Satellite Photograph - Google Maps
Memo Reveals Bush may have OK'd Torture
The Abu Ghraib Prison Photos – a collection of graphic photos showing torture and humiliation of Iraqi inmates by a group of U.S. soldiers in Abu Ghraib prison, released by The Washington Post, ABC News, The New Yorker, CBS and Global Free Press
New Prison Images Emerge – The Washington Post May 6, 2004 article by Christian Davenport
Chain of Command – The New Yorker May 9, 2004 article by Seymour M. Hersh
Videos Amplify Picture of Violence – The Washington Post May 21, 2004 article by Josh White, Christian Davenport and Scott Higham
Use of Dogs to Scare Prisoners Was Authorized – The Washington Post June 11, 2004 article by Josh White and Scott Higham
After image: the meanings of Abu Ghraib
"Abu Ghraib is to Change: What about the mentality?" by Emre Ozkan, JTW
Thank You Joe Darby – A site for expressions of support for Joe Darby, the soldier that exposed the graphic photos and video that brought the Abu Ghraib prison scandal to light.
Abu Ghraib legal news and resources, JURIST

@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
-[[Image:Iraq map Abu Ghraib.png|thumb|right|250px|Map of Iraq highlighting Abu Ghraib]] <!-- This is an eyeball estimate. Feel free to improve. -->
+[[Berkas:Iraq map Abu Ghraib.png|thumb|right|250px|Map of Iraq highlighting Abu Ghraib]] <!-- This is an eyeball estimate. Feel free to improve. -->
 {{commonscat|Gambar-gambar penyiksaan tahanan Abu Ghraib}}
@@ Baris 10: / Baris 10: @@
 <!--==Under Saddam Hussein==
 ::''See ''[[Human rights in Saddam's Iraq]]'' for a discussion of the context of these events.''
-Under the government of [[Saddam Hussein]] the facility was under the control of the Directorate of General Security ([[Al-Amn al-Amm]]) and was the site of the torture and execution of thousands of political prisoners&mdash;up to 4,000 prisoners are thought to have been executed there in [[1984]] alone. During the 1990s human rights organization [[Amnesty International]] documented repeated events where as many as several hundred inmates were executed in a single episode. These included hundreds executed in November 1996, and several hundred members of the [[Shi'a Islam|Shi'a]] denomination killed in 1998 and 2001. Amnesty reported that it could not produce a complete picture of events at the prison due to government secrecy. It was also the reputed location of [[Saddam Hussein's alleged woodchipper]].
+Under the government of [[Saddam Hussein]] the facility was under the control of the Directorate of General Security ([[Al-Amn al-Amm]]) and was the site of the torture and execution of thousands of political prisoners—up to 4,000 prisoners are thought to have been executed there in [[1984]] alone. During the 1990s human rights organization [[Amnesty International]] documented repeated events where as many as several hundred inmates were executed in a single episode. These included hundreds executed in November 1996, and several hundred members of the [[Shi'a Islam|Shi'a]] denomination killed in 1998 and 2001. Amnesty reported that it could not produce a complete picture of events at the prison due to government secrecy. It was also the reputed location of [[Saddam Hussein's alleged woodchipper]].
 The section for political inmates of Abu Ghraib was divided into "open" and "closed" wings. The closed wing housed only [[Shi'ite]]s. They were not allowed visitors or any outside contact.
@@ Baris 87: / Baris 87: @@
 *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.291849,44.065711&spn=0.011962,0.019121&t=k&hl=en Satellite Photograph] - Google Maps
 * [http://www.pww.org/article/articleview/6260/1/245/ Memo Reveals Bush may have OK'd Torture]
-*[http://www.antiwar.com/news/?articleid=2444 The Abu Ghraib Prison Photos] &ndash; a collection of graphic photos showing torture and humiliation of Iraqi inmates by a group of U.S. soldiers in Abu Ghraib prison, released by [[The Washington Post]], [[ABC News]], [[The New Yorker]], [[CBS]] and [[Global Free Press]]
+*[http://www.antiwar.com/news/?articleid=2444 The Abu Ghraib Prison Photos] – a collection of graphic photos showing torture and humiliation of Iraqi inmates by a group of U.S. soldiers in Abu Ghraib prison, released by [[The Washington Post]], [[ABC News]], [[The New Yorker]], [[CBS]] and [[Global Free Press]]
-*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A5623-2004May5.html New Prison Images Emerge] &ndash; The Washington Post [[May 6]], [[2004]] article by Christian Davenport
+*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A5623-2004May5.html New Prison Images Emerge] – The Washington Post [[May 6]], [[2004]] article by Christian Davenport
-*[http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/?040517fa_fact2 Chain of Command] &ndash; The New Yorker [[May 9]], [[2004]] article by Seymour M. Hersh
+*[http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/?040517fa_fact2 Chain of Command] – The New Yorker [[May 9]], [[2004]] article by Seymour M. Hersh
-*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A43785-2004May20.html Videos Amplify Picture of Violence] &ndash; The Washington Post [[May 21]], [[2004]] article by Josh White, Christian Davenport and Scott Higham
+*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A43785-2004May20.html Videos Amplify Picture of Violence] – The Washington Post [[May 21]], [[2004]] article by Josh White, Christian Davenport and Scott Higham
-*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32776-2004Jun10.html Use of Dogs to Scare Prisoners Was Authorized] &ndash; The Washington Post [[June 11]], [[2004]] article by Josh White and Scott Higham
+*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32776-2004Jun10.html Use of Dogs to Scare Prisoners Was Authorized] – The Washington Post [[June 11]], [[2004]] article by Josh White and Scott Higham
 *[http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-abu_ghraib/issue.jsp After image: the meanings of Abu Ghraib]
 *[http://www.turkishweekly.net/news.php?id=27563 "Abu Ghraib is to Change: What about the mentality?" by Emre Ozkan, '''JTW''']
-*[http://www.thanksjoedarby.com Thank You Joe Darby] &ndash; A site for expressions of support for Joe Darby, the soldier that exposed the graphic photos and video that brought the Abu Ghraib prison scandal to light.
+*[http://www.thanksjoedarby.com Thank You Joe Darby] – A site for expressions of support for Joe Darby, the soldier that exposed the graphic photos and video that brought the Abu Ghraib prison scandal to light.
 *[http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/currentawareness/abughraib.php Abu Ghraib legal news and resources], [[JURIST]]