Bantuan:Menampilkan rumus
MediaWiki menggunakan subset markah AMS-LaTeX, yaitu sebuah superset markah LaTeX yang menghasilkan superset markah TeX untuk menampilkan formula matematika. Subset ini menghasilkan gambar PNG ataupun markah HTML sederhana, tergantung preferensi pengguna dan kerumitan rumusnya. Ketika peramban web semakin canggih, subset ini akan mampu menghasilkan HTML dan MathML yang termutakhirkan (lihat blahtex untuk informasi mengenai upaya menambahkan dukungan untuk MathML.)
TeX vs HTML
Sebelum memperkenalkan markah TeX untuk menghasilkan karakter-karakter istimewa, perlu diketahui bahwa sebagaimana tabel perbandingan di bawah ini, hasil sejenis kadang dapat diperoleh melalui HTML (lihat Bantuan:Karakter istimewa).
Sintaks TeX (PNG) | Hasil | Sintaks HTML | Hasil |
---|---|---|---|
<math>\alpha\,\!</math>
|
{{math|<var>α</var>}}
|
α | |
<math>\sqrt{2}</math>
|
{{math|{{radical|2}}}}
|
√2 | |
<math>\sqrt{1-e^2}</math>
|
{{math|{{radical|1 − ''e''²}}}}
|
√1 − e² |
Kode di sebelah kiri menghasilkan simbol-simbol di sebelah kanan, namun simbol-simbol tersebut dapat pula langsung diletakkan di teks wiki, kecuali ‘=’.
-->α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω |
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω |
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ {{=}} ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ × · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ Ø ø ∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑ ℵ - – — |
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ = ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ × · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ Ø ø ∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑ ℵ - – — |
Proyek ini menggunakan HTML dan TeX karena masing-masing memiliki keuntungan dalam kondisi tertentu.
Fungsi, simbol, karakter istimewa
Aksen/diakritik | |
---|---|
\dot{a}, \ddot{a}, \acute{a}, \grave{a}
|
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\check{a}, \breve{a}, \tilde{a}, \bar{a}
|
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\hat{a}, \widehat{a}, \vec{a}
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Fungsi standar | |
\exp_a b = a^b, \exp b = e^b, 10^m
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\ln c, \lg d = \log e, \log_{10} f
|
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\sin a, \cos b, \tan c, \cot d, \sec e, \csc f
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\arcsin h, \arccos i, \arctan j
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\sinh k, \cosh l, \tanh m, \coth n
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\operatorname{sh}\,k, \operatorname{ch}\,l, \operatorname{th}\,m, \operatorname{coth}\,n
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\operatorname{argsh}\,o, \operatorname{argch}\,p, \operatorname{argth}\,q
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\sgn r, \left\vert s \right\vert
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Ikatan | |
\min x, \max y, \inf s, \sup t
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\lim u, \liminf v, \limsup w
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\dim p, \deg q, \det m, \ker\phi
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Proyeksi | |
\Pr j, \hom l, \lVert z \rVert, \arg z
|
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Diferensial dan turunan | |
dt, \operatorname{d}t, \partial t, \nabla\psi
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\operatorname{d}y/\operatorname{d}x, {\operatorname{d}y\over\operatorname{d}x}, {\partial^2\over\partial x_1\partial x_2}y
|
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\prime, \backprime, f^\prime, f', f'', f^{(3)}, \dot y, \ddot y
|
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Simbol atau konstanta mirip huruf | |
\infty, \alef, \complement, \backepsilon, \eth, \Finv, \hbar
|
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\Im, \imath, \jmath, \Bbbk, \ell, \mho, \wp, \Re, \circledS
|
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Aritmetika modular | |
s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m}
|
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a\,\bmod\,b
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\gcd(m, n), \operatorname{lcm}(m, n)
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\mid, \nmid, \shortmid, \nshortmid
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Akar | |
\surd, \sqrt{2}, \sqrt[n]{}, \sqrt[3]{x^3+y^3 \over 2}
|
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Operator | |
+, -, \pm, \mp, \dotplus
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\times, \div, \divideontimes, /, \backslash
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\cdot, * \ast, \star, \circ, \bullet
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\boxplus, \boxminus, \boxtimes, \boxdot
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\oplus, \ominus, \otimes, \oslash, \odot
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\circleddash, \circledcirc, \circledast
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\bigoplus, \bigotimes, \bigodot
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Himpunan | |
\{ \}, \O \empty \emptyset, \varnothing
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\in, \notin \not\in, \ni, \not\ni
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\cap, \Cap, \sqcap, \bigcap, \setminus, \smallsetminus
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\cup, \Cup, \sqcup, \bigcup, \bigsqcup, \uplus, \biguplus
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\subset, \Subset, \sqsubset
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\supset, \Supset, \sqsupset
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\subseteq, \nsubseteq, \subsetneq, \varsubsetneq, \sqsubseteq
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\supseteq, \nsupseteq, \supsetneq, \varsupsetneq, \sqsupseteq
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\subseteqq, \nsubseteqq, \subsetneqq, \varsubsetneqq
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\supseteqq, \nsupseteqq, \supsetneqq, \varsupsetneqq
|
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Relasi | |
=, \ne \neq, \equiv, \not\equiv
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\doteq, \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=}, :=
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\sim, \nsim, \backsim, \thicksim, \simeq, \backsimeq, \eqsim, \cong, \ncong
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\approx, \thickapprox, \approxeq, \asymp, \propto, \varpropto
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<, \nless, \ll, \not\ll, \lll, \not\lll, \lessdot
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>, \ngtr, \gg, \not\gg, \ggg, \not\ggg, \gtrdot
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\le \leq, \lneq, \leqq, \nleqq, \lneqq, \lvertneqq
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\ge \geq, \gneq, \geqq, \ngeqq, \gneqq, \gvertneqq
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\lessgtr \lesseqgtr \lesseqqgtr \gtrless \gtreqless \gtreqqless
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\leqslant, \nleqslant, \eqslantless
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\geqslant, \ngeqslant, \eqslantgtr
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\lesssim, \lnsim, \lessapprox, \lnapprox
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\gtrsim, \gnsim, \gtrapprox, \gnapprox
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\prec, \nprec, \preceq, \npreceq, \precneqq
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\succ, \nsucc, \succeq, \nsucceq, \succneqq
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\preccurlyeq, \curlyeqprec
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\succcurlyeq, \curlyeqsucc
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\precsim, \precnsim, \precapprox, \precnapprox
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\succsim, \succnsim, \succapprox, \succnapprox
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Geometri | |
\parallel, \nparallel, \shortparallel, \nshortparallel
|
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\perp, \angle, \sphericalangle, \measuredangle, 45^\circ
|
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\Box, \blacksquare, \diamond, \Diamond \lozenge, \blacklozenge, \bigstar
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\bigcirc, \triangle \bigtriangleup, \bigtriangledown
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\vartriangle, \triangledown
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\blacktriangle, \blacktriangledown, \blacktriangleleft, \blacktriangleright
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Logika | |
\forall, \exists, \nexists
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\therefore, \because, \And
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\or \lor \vee, \curlyvee, \bigvee
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\and \land \wedge, \curlywedge, \bigwedge
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\bar{q}, \overline{q}, \lnot \neg, \not\operatorname{R}, \bot, \top
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\vdash \dashv, \vDash, \Vdash, \models
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\Vvdash \nvdash \nVdash \nvDash \nVDash
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\ulcorner \urcorner \llcorner \lrcorner
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Panah | |
\Rrightarrow, \Lleftarrow
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\Rightarrow, \nRightarrow, \Longrightarrow \implies
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\Leftarrow, \nLeftarrow, \Longleftarrow
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\Leftrightarrow, \nLeftrightarrow, \Longleftrightarrow \iff
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\Uparrow, \Downarrow, \Updownarrow
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\rightarrow \to, \nrightarrow, \longrightarrow
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\leftarrow \gets, \nleftarrow, \longleftarrow
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\leftrightarrow, \nleftrightarrow, \longleftrightarrow
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\uparrow, \downarrow, \updownarrow
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\nearrow, \swarrow, \nwarrow, \searrow
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\mapsto, \longmapsto
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\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \leftrightharpoons
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\curvearrowleft \circlearrowleft \Lsh \upuparrows \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \rightarrowtail \looparrowright
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\curvearrowright \circlearrowright \Rsh \downdownarrows \leftleftarrows \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \looparrowleft
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\hookrightarrow \hookleftarrow \multimap \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadleftarrow
|
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Istimewa | |
\amalg \P \S \% \dagger \ddagger \ldots \cdots
|
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\smile \frown \wr \triangleleft \triangleright
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\diamondsuit, \heartsuit, \clubsuit, \spadesuit, \Game, \flat, \natural, \sharp
|
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Tidak dikelompokkan (baru) | |
\diagup \diagdown \centerdot \ltimes \rtimes \leftthreetimes \rightthreetimes
|
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\eqcirc \circeq \triangleq \bumpeq \Bumpeq \doteqdot \risingdotseq \fallingdotseq
|
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\intercal \barwedge \veebar \doublebarwedge \between \pitchfork
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\vartriangleleft \ntriangleleft \vartriangleright \ntriangleright
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\trianglelefteq \ntrianglelefteq \trianglerighteq \ntrianglerighteq
|
Untuk penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai simbol-simbol ini, baca taklimat di TeX Cookbook.
Contoh penerapan formula TeX
Polinom kuadrat
<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0</math>
Polinom kuadrat (PNG)
<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0\,\!</math>
Formula kuadrat
<math>x={-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}</math>
Parentesis dan pecahan tinggi
<math>2 = \left(
\frac{\left(3-x\right) \times 2}{3-x}
\right)</math>
<math>S_{\text{new}} = S_{\text{old}} - \frac{ \left( 5-T \right) ^2} {2}</math>
Integral
<math>\int_a^x \!\!\!\int_a^s f(y)\,dy\,ds
= \int_a^x f(y)(x-y)\,dy</math>
Penjumlahan
<math>\sum_{i=0}^{n-1} i</math>
<math>\sum_{m=1}^\infty\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{m^2\,n}
{3^m\left(m\,3^n+n\,3^m\right)}</math>
Persamaan diferensial
<math>u'' + p(x)u' + q(x)u=f(x),\quad x>a</math>
Bilangan kompleks
<math>|\bar{z}| = |z|,
|(\bar{z})^n| = |z|^n,
\arg(z^n) = n \arg(z)</math>
Limit
<math>\lim_{z\rightarrow z_0} f(z)=f(z_0)</math>
Persamaan integral
<math>\phi_n(\kappa) =
\frac{1}{4\pi^2\kappa^2} \int_0^\infty
\frac{\sin(\kappa R)}{\kappa R}
\frac{\partial}{\partial R}
\left[R^2\frac{\partial D_n(R)}{\partial R}\right]\,dR</math>
Contoh
<math>\phi_n(\kappa) =
0.033C_n^2\kappa^{-11/3},\quad
\frac{1}{L_0}\ll\kappa\ll\frac{1}{l_0}</math>
Kelanjutan dan kasus
<math>
f(x) =
\begin{cases}
1 & -1 \le x < 0 \\
\frac{1}{2} & x = 0 \\
1 - x^2 & \text{otherwise}
\end{cases}
</math>
Subskrip prefiks
<math>{}_pF_q(a_1,\dots,a_p;c_1,\dots,c_q;z)
= \sum_{n=0}^\infty
\frac{(a_1)_n\cdots(a_p)_n}{(c_1)_n\cdots(c_q)_n}
\frac{z^n}{n!}</math>
Pecahan dan pecahan kecil
<math>\frac{a}{b}\ \tfrac{a}{b}</math>
Luas kuadrilateral
<math>S=dD\,\sin\alpha\!</math>
Volum bola
<math>V=\tfrac16\pi h\left[3\left(r_1^2+r_2^2\right)+h^2\right]</math>
Lihat pula
Pranala luar
- A LaTeX tutorial.
- Doob, Michael (unknown), A Gentle Introduction to TeX: A Manual for Self-study (PDF) . A paper introducing TeX — see page 39 onwards for a good introduction to the maths side of things.
- Oetiker, Tobias; Partl, Hubert; Hyna, Irene; Schlegl, Elisabeth (December 13, 2009), The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX 2ε (PDF) (edisi ke-4.27) . A paper introducing LaTeX — skip to page 49 for the math section. See page 63 for a complete reference list of symbols included in LaTeX and AMS-LaTeX.
- The Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List—symbols not found here may be documented there.
- AMS-LaTeX guide.
- A set of public domain fixed-size math symbol bitmaps.
- MathML: A product of the W3C Math working group, is a low-level specification for describing mathematics as a basis for machine to machine communication.