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Bantuan:Menampilkan rumus

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MediaWiki menggunakan subset markah AMS-LaTeX, yaitu sebuah superset markah LaTeX yang menghasilkan superset markah TeX untuk menampilkan formula matematika. Subset ini menghasilkan gambar PNG ataupun markah HTML sederhana, tergantung preferensi pengguna dan kerumitan rumusnya. Ketika peramban web semakin canggih, subset ini akan mampu menghasilkan HTML dan MathML yang termutakhirkan (lihat blahtex untuk informasi mengenai upaya menambahkan dukungan untuk MathML.)

TeX vs HTML

Sebelum memperkenalkan markah TeX untuk menghasilkan karakter-karakter istimewa, perlu diketahui bahwa sebagaimana tabel perbandingan di bawah ini, hasil sejenis kadang dapat diperoleh melalui HTML (lihat Bantuan:Karakter istimewa).

Sintaks TeX (PNG) Hasil Sintaks HTML Hasil
<math>\alpha\,\!</math> {{math|<var>&alpha;</var>}} α
<math>\sqrt{2}</math> {{math|{{radical|2}}}} 2
<math>\sqrt{1-e^2}</math> {{math|{{radical|1 − ''e''²}}}} 1 − e²

Kode di sebelah kiri menghasilkan simbol-simbol di sebelah kanan, namun simbol-simbol tersebut dapat pula langsung diletakkan di teks wiki, kecuali ‘=’.

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;

&asymp; &prop; {{=}} &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge; &times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime; &nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &Oslash; &oslash; &isin; &notin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe; &not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr; &rarr; &harr; &uarr; &alefsym; - &ndash; &mdash;

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ = ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ Ø ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀
⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑
ℵ - – —

Proyek ini menggunakan HTML dan TeX karena masing-masing memiliki keuntungan dalam kondisi tertentu.

Fungsi, simbol, karakter istimewa

Aksen/diakritik

\dot{a}, \ddot{a}, \acute{a}, \grave{a}
\check{a}, \breve{a}, \tilde{a}, \bar{a}
\hat{a}, \widehat{a}, \vec{a}

Fungsi standar

\exp_a b = a^b, \exp b = e^b, 10^m
\ln c, \lg d = \log e, \log_{10} f
\sin a, \cos b, \tan c, \cot d, \sec e, \csc f
\arcsin h, \arccos i, \arctan j
\sinh k, \cosh l, \tanh m, \coth n
\operatorname{sh}\,k, \operatorname{ch}\,l, \operatorname{th}\,m, \operatorname{coth}\,n
\operatorname{argsh}\,o, \operatorname{argch}\,p, \operatorname{argth}\,q
\sgn r, \left\vert s \right\vert

Ikatan

\min x, \max y, \inf s, \sup t
\lim u, \liminf v, \limsup w
\dim p, \deg q, \det m, \ker\phi

Proyeksi

\Pr j, \hom l, \lVert z \rVert, \arg z

Diferensial dan turunan

dt, \operatorname{d}t, \partial t, \nabla\psi
\operatorname{d}y/\operatorname{d}x, {\operatorname{d}y\over\operatorname{d}x}, {\partial^2\over\partial x_1\partial x_2}y
\prime, \backprime, f^\prime, f', f'', f^{(3)}, \dot y, \ddot y

Simbol atau konstanta mirip huruf

\infty, \alef, \complement, \backepsilon, \eth, \Finv, \hbar
\Im, \imath, \jmath, \Bbbk, \ell, \mho, \wp, \Re, \circledS

Aritmetika modular

s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m}
a\,\bmod\,b
\gcd(m, n), \operatorname{lcm}(m, n)
\mid, \nmid, \shortmid, \nshortmid

Akar

\surd, \sqrt{2}, \sqrt[n]{}, \sqrt[3]{x^3+y^3 \over 2}

Operator

+, -, \pm, \mp, \dotplus
\times, \div, \divideontimes, /, \backslash
\cdot, * \ast, \star, \circ, \bullet
\boxplus, \boxminus, \boxtimes, \boxdot
\oplus, \ominus, \otimes, \oslash, \odot
\circleddash, \circledcirc, \circledast
\bigoplus, \bigotimes, \bigodot

Himpunan

\{ \}, \O \empty \emptyset, \varnothing
\in, \notin \not\in, \ni, \not\ni
\cap, \Cap, \sqcap, \bigcap, \setminus, \smallsetminus
\cup, \Cup, \sqcup, \bigcup, \bigsqcup, \uplus, \biguplus
\subset, \Subset, \sqsubset
\supset, \Supset, \sqsupset
\subseteq, \nsubseteq, \subsetneq, \varsubsetneq, \sqsubseteq
\supseteq, \nsupseteq, \supsetneq, \varsupsetneq, \sqsupseteq
\subseteqq, \nsubseteqq, \subsetneqq, \varsubsetneqq
\supseteqq, \nsupseteqq, \supsetneqq, \varsupsetneqq

Relasi

=, \ne \neq, \equiv, \not\equiv
\doteq, \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=}, :=
\sim, \nsim, \backsim, \thicksim, \simeq, \backsimeq, \eqsim, \cong, \ncong
\approx, \thickapprox, \approxeq, \asymp, \propto, \varpropto
<, \nless, \ll, \not\ll, \lll, \not\lll, \lessdot
>, \ngtr, \gg, \not\gg, \ggg, \not\ggg, \gtrdot
\le \leq, \lneq, \leqq, \nleqq, \lneqq, \lvertneqq
\ge \geq, \gneq, \geqq, \ngeqq, \gneqq, \gvertneqq
\lessgtr \lesseqgtr \lesseqqgtr \gtrless \gtreqless \gtreqqless
\leqslant, \nleqslant, \eqslantless
\geqslant, \ngeqslant, \eqslantgtr
\lesssim, \lnsim, \lessapprox, \lnapprox
\gtrsim, \gnsim, \gtrapprox, \gnapprox
\prec, \nprec, \preceq, \npreceq, \precneqq
\succ, \nsucc, \succeq, \nsucceq, \succneqq
\preccurlyeq, \curlyeqprec
\succcurlyeq, \curlyeqsucc
\precsim, \precnsim, \precapprox, \precnapprox
\succsim, \succnsim, \succapprox, \succnapprox

Geometri

\parallel, \nparallel, \shortparallel, \nshortparallel
\perp, \angle, \sphericalangle, \measuredangle, 45^\circ
\Box, \blacksquare, \diamond, \Diamond \lozenge, \blacklozenge, \bigstar
\bigcirc, \triangle \bigtriangleup, \bigtriangledown
\vartriangle, \triangledown
\blacktriangle, \blacktriangledown, \blacktriangleleft, \blacktriangleright

Logika

\forall, \exists, \nexists
\therefore, \because, \And
\or \lor \vee, \curlyvee, \bigvee
\and \land \wedge, \curlywedge, \bigwedge
\bar{q}, \overline{q}, \lnot \neg, \not\operatorname{R}, \bot, \top
\vdash \dashv, \vDash, \Vdash, \models
\Vvdash \nvdash \nVdash \nvDash \nVDash
\ulcorner \urcorner \llcorner \lrcorner

Panah

\Rrightarrow, \Lleftarrow
\Rightarrow, \nRightarrow, \Longrightarrow \implies
\Leftarrow, \nLeftarrow, \Longleftarrow
\Leftrightarrow, \nLeftrightarrow, \Longleftrightarrow \iff
\Uparrow, \Downarrow, \Updownarrow
\rightarrow \to, \nrightarrow, \longrightarrow
\leftarrow \gets, \nleftarrow, \longleftarrow
\leftrightarrow, \nleftrightarrow, \longleftrightarrow
\uparrow, \downarrow, \updownarrow
\nearrow, \swarrow, \nwarrow, \searrow
\mapsto, \longmapsto
\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \leftrightharpoons
\curvearrowleft \circlearrowleft \Lsh \upuparrows \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \rightarrowtail \looparrowright
\curvearrowright \circlearrowright \Rsh \downdownarrows \leftleftarrows \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \looparrowleft
\hookrightarrow \hookleftarrow \multimap \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadleftarrow

Istimewa

\amalg \P \S \% \dagger \ddagger \ldots \cdots
\smile \frown \wr \triangleleft \triangleright
\diamondsuit, \heartsuit, \clubsuit, \spadesuit, \Game, \flat, \natural, \sharp

Tidak dikelompokkan (baru)

\diagup \diagdown \centerdot \ltimes \rtimes \leftthreetimes \rightthreetimes
\eqcirc \circeq \triangleq \bumpeq \Bumpeq \doteqdot \risingdotseq \fallingdotseq
\intercal \barwedge \veebar \doublebarwedge \between \pitchfork
\vartriangleleft \ntriangleleft \vartriangleright \ntriangleright
\trianglelefteq \ntrianglelefteq \trianglerighteq \ntrianglerighteq

Untuk penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai simbol-simbol ini, baca taklimat di TeX Cookbook.

Contoh penerapan formula TeX

Polinom kuadrat



<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0</math>

Polinom kuadrat (PNG)



<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0\,\!</math>

Formula kuadrat



<math>x={-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}</math>

Parentesis dan pecahan tinggi



<math>2 = \left(
 \frac{\left(3-x\right) \times 2}{3-x}
 \right)</math>


 <math>S_{\text{new}} = S_{\text{old}} - \frac{ \left( 5-T \right) ^2} {2}</math>
 

Integral



<math>\int_a^x \!\!\!\int_a^s f(y)\,dy\,ds
 = \int_a^x f(y)(x-y)\,dy</math>

Penjumlahan



<math>\sum_{i=0}^{n-1} i</math>


<math>\sum_{m=1}^\infty\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{m^2\,n}
 {3^m\left(m\,3^n+n\,3^m\right)}</math>

Persamaan diferensial



<math>u'' + p(x)u' + q(x)u=f(x),\quad x>a</math>

Bilangan kompleks



<math>|\bar{z}| = |z|,
 |(\bar{z})^n| = |z|^n,
 \arg(z^n) = n \arg(z)</math>

Limit



<math>\lim_{z\rightarrow z_0} f(z)=f(z_0)</math>

Persamaan integral



<math>\phi_n(\kappa) =
 \frac{1}{4\pi^2\kappa^2} \int_0^\infty
 \frac{\sin(\kappa R)}{\kappa R}
 \frac{\partial}{\partial R}
 \left[R^2\frac{\partial D_n(R)}{\partial R}\right]\,dR</math>

Contoh



<math>\phi_n(\kappa) = 
 0.033C_n^2\kappa^{-11/3},\quad
 \frac{1}{L_0}\ll\kappa\ll\frac{1}{l_0}</math>

Kelanjutan dan kasus



<math>
 f(x) =
 \begin{cases}
 1 & -1 \le x < 0 \\
 \frac{1}{2} & x = 0 \\
 1 - x^2 & \text{otherwise}
 \end{cases}
 </math>

Subskrip prefiks



 <math>{}_pF_q(a_1,\dots,a_p;c_1,\dots,c_q;z)
 = \sum_{n=0}^\infty
 \frac{(a_1)_n\cdots(a_p)_n}{(c_1)_n\cdots(c_q)_n}
 \frac{z^n}{n!}</math>

Pecahan dan pecahan kecil


<math>\frac{a}{b}\ \tfrac{a}{b}</math>

Luas kuadrilateral


<math>S=dD\,\sin\alpha\!</math>

Volum bola


<math>V=\tfrac16\pi h\left[3\left(r_1^2+r_2^2\right)+h^2\right]</math>

Lihat pula

Pranala luar

  • Oetiker, Tobias; Partl, Hubert; Hyna, Irene; Schlegl, Elisabeth (December 13, 2009), The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX 2ε (PDF) (edisi ke-4.27) . A paper introducing LaTeX — skip to page 49 for the math section. See page 63 for a complete reference list of symbols included in LaTeX and AMS-LaTeX.