Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci
| Otto IV | |
|---|---|
 Segel Otto IV | |
| Kaisar Romawi Suci | |
| Berkuasa | 1209–1215 |
| Penobatan | 21 Oktober 1209, Roma |
| Pendahulu | Henry VI |
| Penerus | Frederick II |
| Raja Romawi | |
| Berkuasa | 1198–1209 |
| Penobatan | 12 Juli 1198, Aachen |
| Pendahulu | Henry VI |
| Penerus | Frederick II |
| Raja Italia | |
| Berkuasa | 1208–1212 |
| Pendahulu | Henry VI |
| Penerus | Henry VII[1] |
| Raja Burgundi | |
| Berkuasa | 1208–1215 |
| Pendahulu | Filipus dari Swabia |
| Penerus | Frederick II |
Informasi pribadi | |
| Kelahiran | 1175 mungkin Braunschweig |
| Kematian | 19 Mei 1218 (usia 43) Harzburg |
| Pemakaman | |
| Wangsa | Wangsa Gwelf |
| Ayah | Henry si Singa |
| Ibu | Matilda dari Inggris |
| Pasangan | Beatrice dari Hohenstaufen Marie of Brabant |
| Agama | Katolik Roma |
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Otto IV (1175 – 19 Mei 1218) adalah salah satu dari dua pesaing raja Jerman dari 1198, raja tunggal dari 1208, dan Kaisar Romawi Suci dari 1209 sampai ia terpaksa abdikasi pada 1215. Sebagai satu-satunya raja tunggal dari Wangsa Gwelf, ia memurkai Paus Innosensius III dan diekskomunikasi pada 1210.
Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Although Frederick II was crowned King of the Romans, King of Sicily, King of Jerusalem and Holy Roman Emperor, he was never crowned King of Italy at Pavia, Monza or Milan during his lifetime – see Sismondi's History of the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages, (1906), pg. 143; 147 and Kington-Oliphant's, History of Frederick the Second, Emperor of the Romans, Vol I, (1862), pg. 195 which specifically state that the Milanese refused to crown Frederick with the Iron Crown. Neither is his coronation as King of Italy mentioned in any modern source, such as Abulafia's, The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. V: c. 1198 – c. 1300, (1999)
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Abulafia, David, The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. V: c. 1198 – c. 1300, Cambridge University Press, 1999
- Bryce, James, The Holy Roman Empire, 1913
- Comyn, Robert. History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V, Vol. I. 1851
- Dunham, S. A., A History of the Germanic Empire, Vol. I, 1835
- Huffman, Joseph Patrick (2000). "Richard the Lionheart and Otto IV: Itinerant Kingship and the City of Cologne". The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy: Anglo-German Relations (1066–1307). University of Michigan Press. hlm. 133–77.
- Keefe, Thomas K. (1983). Feudal Assessments and the Political Community Under Henry II and His Sons
. University of California Press. - McLynn, Frank (2007). Lionheart and Lackland: King Richard, King John and the Wars of Conquest. Vintage.
- Norgate, Kate (1887). England Under the Angevin Kings. Macmillan.
Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
- (Jerman) Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci dalam katalog Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman
- Werke über Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci dalam Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek (Perpustakaan Digital Jerman)
- Literature about Otto IV in the OPAC of the Regesta Imperii
- Kaiserstadt Braunschweig – Otto IV
- Deed by Otto IV for Salem Abbey, 14 July 1209, Templat:LBALink
- Testament of Emperor Otto IV dated 1218 at kulturerbe.niedersachsen.de
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| Lain-lain | |
