Lihat sumber Simetikon

{{short description|Anti-foaming agent used to reduce bloating, discomfort or pain caused by excessive gas}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 417768970
| IUPAC_name = Poli(dimetilsiloksan), silikon dioksida
| image = Simethicone structure.svg
<!--Clinical data -->
| tradename = Disflatyl, Infacol, Polysilane Junior, Wind-eze, WindSetlers, dll
|USAN = simethicone<ref>{{cite web|title=Simethicone names|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/simethicone.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref>
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|simethicone}}
| pregnancy_category = C
| legal_US = OTC
| routes_of_administration = Oral
<!--Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = -
| protein_bound = 0%
| metabolism = Tidak dimetabolisme
| elimination_half-life = N/A
| excretion = Feses
<!--Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 8050-81-5
| ATC_prefix = A03
| ATC_suffix = AX13
| PubChem = 6433516
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = None
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB09512
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1200838
<!--Chemical data -->
| chemical_formula = (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>OSi)<sub>n</sub> · (SiO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>m</sub>
| molecular_weight = Variabel
}}

'''Simetikon''' adalah bahan [[pengawabusa]] yang digunakan untuk mengurangi [[perut kembung]], dan rasa tidak nyaman atau nyeri akibat gas yang berlebihan. Simetikon dipasarkan dengan banyak nama [[merek]] dan banyak obat kombinasi. Obat ini juga dipasarkan sebagai obat hewan.<ref name=brands>{{cite web|title=Simeticone international brands|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/simeticone.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref>

== Kimia ==
Simetikon merupakan campuran dari dimetikon dengan [[silikon dioksida]].<ref name="merck-dimethicone"> {{cite encyclopedia |author-link= |veditors = O'Neil MJ |encyclopedia=The Merck Index |title=Dimethicone |edition=14th |year=2006 |publisher=Merck |location=Whitehouse Station, NJ  |page=545 }} </ref>

== Farmakologi ==
Simetikon adalah [[surfaktan]] non-sistemik yang menurunkan tegangan permukaan gelembung gas di saluran pencernaan. Hal ini memungkinkan gelembung gas keluar dari saluran pencernaan sebagai [[flatulensi]] atau [[bersendawa]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal| vauthors = Ingold CJ, Akhondi H |date=January 2021|title=Simethicone|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555997/|journal=StatPearls [Internet].|pmid=32310457 }}</ref> Simetikon tidak mengurangi atau mencegah pembentukan gas.<ref>{{cite web|title=Treatment of Gas|url=https://iffgd.org/symptoms-causes/intestinal-gas/treatment.html|publisher=International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders|language=en-gb|date=4 September 2015}}</ref> Efektivitasnya telah ditunjukkan dalam beberapa penelitian [[in vitro]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brecević L, Bosan-Kilibarda I, Strajnar F | title = Mechanism of antifoaming action of simethicone | journal = Journal of Applied Toxicology | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 207–11 | date = May 1994 | pmid = 8083482 | doi = 10.1002/jat.2550140311 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/15114732 | access-date = 30 January 2020 | publisher = Wiley | s2cid = 7453218 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal  | vauthors = Dittrich M, Miederer SE, Havertz B, Krastev R | title = Schaumzerstörung und Schaumverhinderung: Der Wirkmechanismus von Simeticon in vitro |journal= Journal für Gastroenterologische und Hepatologische Erkrankungen. |trans-title=Defoaming and antifoaming action of simethicone in vitro | language = German | date = 12 May 2010 | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 19–25 | url =  https://www.kup.at/kup/pdf/9192.pdf | publisher=Krause & Pachernegg }}</ref>

== Kegunaan dalam Medis ==
[[File:Simethiconetablets.jpg|thumb|Tablet simetikon]]

Simetikon digunakan untuk meredakan gejala gas berlebih di [[saluran pencernaan]] yaitu [[perut kembung]], [[sendawa]], dan [[flatulensi]].<ref name=USOTClabel>{{cite web|title=Simethicone tablet|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d93ff75d-9cdb-476c-bb65-eabeefb91a34|publisher=NIH DailyMed|access-date=27 August 2017|date=April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Simeticone|url=https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/simeticone/|publisher=[[NHS]]|language=en|date=10 October 2019|access-date=30 January 2020}}</ref> Meskipun bukti konklusif bahwa Simetikon efektif untuk penggunaan ini masih kurang,⁣<ref>{{cite web| vauthors = Modi R, Clearfield HR, Levitt M | title=Belching, Bloating and Flatulence|url=http://patients.gi.org/topics/belching-bloating-and-flatulence/|publisher=American College of Gastroenterology|language=en|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref name="drugs.com">{{Cite web | url = https://www.drugs.com/monograph/simethicone.html | title = Simethicone | publisher = [[drugs.com]] | quote = Efficacy not established for the symptomatic relief of immediate postprandial upper abdominal distress}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=January 2020|reason=Flatulence/bloating and IPPUAD are separate sections in source}} penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Simetikon dapat meredakan gejala [[dispepsia]] fungsional<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Holtmann G, Gschossmann J, Mayr P, Talley NJ | title = A randomized placebo-controlled trial of simethicone and cisapride for the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia | journal = Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics | volume = 16 | issue = 9 | pages = 1641–8 | date = September 2002 | pmid = 12197843 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01322.x | publisher = Wiley | s2cid = 23286985 | doi-access =  }}</ref> dan perut kembung fungsional.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Burta O, Iacobescu C, Mateescu RB, Nicolaie T, Tiuca N, Pop CS | title = Efficacy and safety of APT036 versus simethicone in the treatment of functional bloating: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel group, clinical study | journal = Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology | volume = 3 | issue = 72 | pages = 72 | date = 25 September 2018 | pmid = 30511026 | pmc = 6256934 | doi = 10.21037/tgh.2018.09.11 | publisher = AME Publications | doi-access = free }}</ref> 

Simetikon belum sepenuhnya diketahui berguna untuk mengatasi kolik pada bayi,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Biagioli E, Tarasco V, Lingua C, Moja L, Savino F | title = Pain-relieving agents for infantile colic | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2016 | pages = CD009999 | date = September 2016 | issue = 9 | pmid = 27631535 | pmc = 6457752 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD009999.pub2 }}</ref> dan tidak direkomendasikan untuk tujuan ini.<ref name="drugs.com"/> Sebuah penelitian di [[Britania Raya]] melaporkan bahwa menurut persepsi orang tua, Simetikon membantu kolik bayi dalam beberapa kasus.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Goldman M, Beaumont T | title = A real world evaluation of a treatment for infant colic based on the experience and perceptions of 4004 parents | journal = British Journal of Nursing | volume = 26 | issue = 5 Suppl 1 | pages = S3–S10 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28350192 | doi = 10.12968/bjon.2017.26.Sup5.S3 | s2cid = 32885530 }}</ref> 

Simetikon juga dapat digunakan untuk dugaan [[mulas]] pasca [[bedah]] pada bayi.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Voepel-Lewis TD, Malviya S, Burke C, D'Agostino R, Hadden SM, Siewert M, Tait AR | title = Evaluation of simethicone for the treatment of postoperative abdominal discomfort in infants | journal = Journal of Clinical Anesthesia | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = 91–94 | date = March 1998 | pmid = 9524891 | doi = 10.1016/S0952-8180(97)00249-3 }}</ref>

== Efek Samping ==
Simeticone tidak memiliki efek samping yang serius.<ref name=":0" /> Dua efek samping yang jarang terjadi (terjadi pada 1 dari 100 hingga 1 dari 1.000 pasien) adalah sembelit dan mual.<ref>{{cite web |title= Simethicone Side Effects in Detail |url=https://www.drugs.com/sfx/simethicone-side-effects.html| work = Drugs.com |access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref>

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Kategori:Antiflatulen]]
[[Kategori:Silikon dioksida]]
[[Kategori:Bahan tambahan pangan]]