Lihat sumber Loving v. Virginia

{{SCOTUSCase
  |Litigants=Loving v. Virginia
  |ArgueDate=10 April
  |ArgueYear=1967
  |DecideDate=12 Juni
  |DecideYear=1967
  |FullName=Richard Perry Loving, Mildred Jeter Loving v. Virginia
  |Citation=87 S. Ct. 1817; 18 L. Ed. 2d 1010; 1967 U.S. LEXIS 1082
  |USVol=388
  |USPage=1
  |Prior=Terdakwa dihukum, Caroline County Circuit Court (6 Januari 1959); [[mosi pembatalan]] putusan ditolak, Caroline County Circuit Court (22 Januari 1959); disahkan sebagian, dibatalkan dan dikembalikan ke penjara, 147 S.E.2d 78 (Va. 1966)
  |Subsequent=
  |Holding=Mahkamah menyatakan [[peraturan anti-pernikahan antarras]] [[Virginia]], "[[Racial Integrity Act of 1924]]", tidak konstitusional dan melanggar Klausul Perlindungan Setara Amendemen ke-14.
  |OralArgument=http://www.oyez.org/cases/1960-1969/1966/1966_395/argument/
  |SCOTUS=1965–1967
  |Majority=Warren
  |JoinMajority=''suara bulat''
  |Concurrence=Stewart
  |LawsApplied=[[Amendemen ke-14 Konstitusi Amerika Serikat|U.S. Const. amend. XIV]]; Va. Code §§ 20-58, 20-59
  |Overturned previous case= ''[[Pace v. Alabama]]'' (1883)
}}

'''''Loving v. Virginia''''', [[United States Reports|388 U.S. 1]] (1967), adalah putusan [[hak sipil]] [[putusan acuan|acuan]] yang dikeluarkan [[Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat]]. Putusan ini membatalkan [[hukum anti-pernikahan antarras di Amerika Serikat|hukum yang melarang pernikahan antarras]].

Kasus ini diangkat oleh Mildred Loving, perempuan berkulit hitam, dan Richard Loving, laki-laki berkulit putih, yang dipenjara selama satu tahun di [[Virginia]] karena menikahi satu sama lain. Pernikahan mereka melanggar aturan [[anti-pernikahan antarras]] di negara bagian tersebut, [[Racial Integrity Act of 1924]], yang melarang pernikahan antara orang "[[orang kulit putih|putih]]" dan orang "[[orang berkulit berwarna|berwarna]]". Mahkamah Agung secara bulat memutuskan bahwa larangan ini tidak konstitusional, membatalkan ''[[Pace v. Alabama]]'' (1883), dan mengakhiri segala hambatan hukum berdasarkan [[ras]] dalam [[pernikahan di Amerika Serikat]].

Setelah putusan ini, jumlah [[pernikahan antarras di Amerika Serikat]] meningkat. Tanggal sidangnya, 12 Juni, diperingati setiap tahun dengan nama [[Hari Loving]] (hari mencintai). Putusan sidang ini menjadi tema beberapa lagu dan tiga film, termasuk ''[[Loving (film 2016)|Loving]]'' (2016). Sejak 2013, putusan ini dijadikan acuan dalam sejumlah putusan pengadilan federal A.S. yang menyatakan bahwa larangan [[pernikahan sejenis di Amerika Serikat]] tidak konstitusional, termasuk putusan Mahkamah Agung ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]'' tahun 2015.

==Penggugat==
[[Image:Mildred Jeter and Richard Loving.jpg|thumb|left|Mildred dan Richard Loving tahun 1967]]
'''Mildred Delores Loving''' ([[née]] '''Jeter'''; 22 Juli 1939 – 2 Mei 2008) adalah putri Musial (Byrd) Jeter dan Theoliver Jeter.<ref>[http://www.memorialobituaries.com/memorials/memorials_print.cgi?memid=191270 Mildred Loving obituary] accessed 10/26/2016</ref> Ia beretnis [[Afrika-Amerika]] dan memiliki keturunan [[Pribumi Amerika]] dari suku  Cherokee dan [[suku Rappahannock|Rappahannock]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.charlielawing.com/modhist_lovingv.virginia.pdf | title=''Loving v. Virginia'' and the Hegemony of "Race" | format=PDF | last=Lawing | first=Charles B. | accessdate=2013-05-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Dionne |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-06-10-loving_N.htm |date=2007-06-10 |title=Pioneer of interracial marriage looks back |newspaper=[[Associated Press]] | accessdate=2015-04-27 }}</ref><ref name='SSDI-Mildred'>{{cite web |url=http://www.ancestry.com |title= Social Security Death Index (Mildred D. Loving) [database on-line] |publisher= The Generations Network |location=[[United States]] |accessdate=May 6, 2009}}</ref> Suaminya adalah '''Richard Perry Loving''' (29 Oktober 1933 – 29 Juni 1975),<ref name='SSDI-Richard'>{{cite web |url=http://www.ancestry.com |title= Social Security Death Index (Richard Loving) [database on-line] |publisher= The Generations Network |location=[[United States]] |accessdate=May 6, 2009}}</ref> seorang pria berkulit putih, putra Lola (Allen) Loving dan Twillie Loving.

Richard Loving meninggal dunia pada usia 41 tahun 1975 ketika seorang pengemudi mabuk menabrak mobilnya di [[Caroline County, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10D13FD3B58157493C3A9178CD85F418785F9 | work=The New York Times | title=RICHARD P. LOVING; IN LAND MARK SUIT; Figure in High Court Ruling on Miscegenation Dies | date=July 1, 1975}}</ref> Mildred Loving kehilangan mata kanannya dalam kecelakaan tersebut. Ia meninggal dunia akibat [[pneumonia]] pada tanggal 2 Mei 2008 di [[Milford, Virginia]], pada usia 68 tahun.<ref name=NYtimes>{{cite news|author=Douglas Martin|title=Mildred Loving, Who Battled Ban on Mixed-Race Marriage, Dies at 68|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/06/us/06loving.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Mildred+Loving&st=nyt&oref=slogin|publisher=The New York Times|date=May 6, 2008|quote=Mildred Loving, a black woman whose anger over being banished from Virginia for marrying a white man led to a landmark Supreme Court ruling overturning state miscegenation laws, died on May 2 at her home in Central Point, Va. She was 68.|accessdate=May 7, 2008}}</ref> Keduanya dikaruniai tiga anak: Donald, Peggy, dan Sidney.<ref>{{cite news|author=Douglas Martin|title=Mildred Loving, Who Battled Ban on Mixed-Race Marriage Dies at 68|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/06/us/06loving.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Mildred+Loving&st=nyt&oref=slogin|publisher=The New York Times|date=May 6, 2008|quote=The Lovings’ son Donald died in 2000. In addition to her daughter, Peggy Fortune, who lives in Milford, Va., Mrs. Loving is survived by her son, Sidney, of Tappahannock, Va.; eight grandchildren; and 11 great-grandchildren.|accessdate=November 22, 2016}}</ref>

==Referensi==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Bacaan lanjutan==
{{div col|2}}
*{{Cite journal |last=Aldridge |first=Delores |title=The Changing Nature of Interracial Marriage in Georgia: A Research Note |journal=Journal of Marriage and the Family |volume=35 |issue=4 |year=1973 |pages=641–642 |doi=10.2307/350877 |jstor=350877 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Annella |first=M. |title=Interracial Marriages in Washington, D.C |journal=Journal of Negro Education |volume=36 |issue=4 |year=1967 |pages=428–433 |doi=10.2307/2294264 |jstor=2294264 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Barnett |first=Larry |title=Research on International and Interracial Marriages |journal=Marriage and Family Living |volume=25 |issue=1 |year=1963 |pages=105–107 |doi=10.2307/349019 |jstor=349019 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Brower |first=Brock |title='Irrepressible Intimacies'. Review of ''Interracial Intimacies: Sex, Marriage, Identity, and Adoption'', by Randall L. Kennedy |journal=Journal of Blacks in Higher Education |volume=40 |issue=40 |year=2003 |pages=120–124 |doi=10.2307/3134064 |jstor=3134064 |last2=Kennedy |first2=Randall L. }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Coolidge |first=David Orgon |title=Playing the Loving Card: Same-Sex Marriage and the Politics of Analogy |journal=BYU Journal of Public Law |volume=12 |year=1998 |issue= |pages=201–238 |url=http://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/jpl/vol12/iss2/2 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=DeCoste |first=F. C. |title=The ''Halpren'' Transformation: Same-Sex Marriage, Civil Society, and the Limits of Liberal Law |journal=Alberta Law Review |volume=41 |year=2003 |issue= |pages=619–642 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Foeman |first=Anita Kathy |lastauthoramp=yes |first2=Teresa |last2=Nance |title=From Miscegenation to Multiculturalism: Perceptions and Stages of Interracial Relationship Development |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=29 |issue=4 |year=1999 |pages=540–557 |doi=10.1177/002193479902900405}}
*{{Cite journal |last=Hopkins |first=C. Quince |title=Variety in U.S Kinship Practices, Substantive Due Process Analysis and the Right to Marry |journal=BYU Journal of Public Law |volume=18 |year=2004 |issue= |pages=665–679 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Kalmijn |first=Matthijs |title=Intermarriage and Homogamy: Causes, Patterns, Trends |journal=Annual Review of Sociology |volume=24 |issue= 24|year=1998 |pages=395–421 |doi=10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.395|pmid=12321971 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Koppelman |first=Andrew |title=The Miscegenation Analogy: Sodomy Law as Sex Discrimination |journal=[[Yale Law Journal]] |volume=98 |issue= |year=1988 |pages=145–164 }}
*{{Cite book |last=Newbeck |first=Phyl |title=Virginia hasn't always been for lovers |date= 2004 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Pascoe |first=Peggy |title=Miscegenation Law, Court Cases, and Ideologies of 'Race' in Twentieth-Century America |journal=Journal of American History |volume=83 |issue=1 |year=1996 |pages=44–69 |ref=harv |doi=10.2307/2945474|jstor=2945474 }}
*{{cite journal |last1=Pratt |first1=Robert A. |title=Crossing the color line: A historical assessment and personal narrative of Loving v. Virginia |journal=Howard Law Journal |volume=41 |year=1997 |pages=229 }}
*{{Cite book |last=Wadlington |first=Walter |title=Domestic Relations |date=November 1967 }}
*{{cite book |last1=Wallenstein |first1=Peter |title=Race, Sex, and the Freedom to Marry: Loving v. Virginia |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-7006-2000-5 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Wildman |first=Stephanie |title=Interracial Intimacy and the Potential for Social Change: Review of ''Interracial Intimacy: The Regulation of Race and Romance'' by Rachel F. Moran |journal=Berkeley Women's Law Journal |volume=17 |year=2002 |pages=153–164 |doi=10.2139/ssrn.309743 }}
*{{Cite journal |last=Yancey |first=George |lastauthoramp=yes |first2=Sherelyn |last2=Yancey |title=Interracial Dating: Evidence from Personal Advertisements |journal=Journal of Family Issues |volume=19 |issue=3 |year=1998 |pages=334–348 |doi=10.1177/019251398019003006 }}
{{div col end}}

==Pranala luar==

=== Pranala teks putusan pengadilan ===
{{wikisource|Loving v. Virginia}}
*{{caselaw source
 |case=''Loving v. Virginia'', 388 U.S. 1 (1967)
 |findlaw=http://laws.findlaw.com/us/388/1.html
 |Justia=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/388/1
 |other_source1=UMKC
 |other_url1=http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/loving.html
 |other_source2=Google Scholar
 |other_url2=https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=5103666188878568597
}}
{{reflist|group=X}}

=== Pranala luar lainnya ===
*[http://www.abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=3277875&page=1n ABC News: A Groundbreaking Interracial Marriage; ''Loving v. Virginia'' at 40.] Interview with Mildred Jeter Loving & video of original 1967 broadcast. June 14, 2007.
*[http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/214/ Resources at Oyez] including complete audio of the oral arguments.
*[http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=10889047 ''Loving'' Decision: 40 Years of Legal Interracial Unions], National Public Radio: All Things Considered, June 11, 2007.
*[http://writ.news.findlaw.com/grossman/20070612.html The Fortieth Anniversary of ''Loving v. Virginia'': The Legal Legacy of the Case that Ended Legal Prohibitions on Interracial Marriage] Findlaw commentary by Joanna Grossman.
*[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=283998 Chin, Gabriel and Hrishi Karthikeyan, (2002) ''Asian Law Journal'', vol. 9 "Preserving Racial Identity: Population Patterns and the Application of Anti-Miscegenation Statutes to Asian Americans, 1910-1950"]

{{Gerakan Hak Sipil Afrika-Amerika|state=collapsed}}
{{Amendemen ke-14 Konstitusi Amerika Serikat}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Loving V. Virginia}}
[[Category:Hukum kasus Amerika Serikat tahun 1967]]
[[Category:Sejarah hukum Virginia]]
[[Category:Pernikahan dan pasangan di Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Urusan multiras di Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Ras dan hukum di Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Sidang Amerika Serikat abad ke-20]]
[[Category:Kasus Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Hukum kasus hak sipil Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Hukum kasus perlindungan setara Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Hukum kasus penilaian substansial Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:1967 di Virginia]]
[[Category:Tuntutan hukum American Civil Liberties Union]]
[[Category:Caroline County, Virginia]]
[[Category:Gerakan Hak Sipil Afrika-Amerika (1954–68)]]
[[Category:Sejarah Afrika-Amerika di Virginia]]
[[Category:Kasus Mahkamah Warren di Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat]]
[[Category:Hukum kasus keluarga Amerika Serikat]]