Lihat sumber USS New Jersey (BB-62)

{|{{Infobox ship begin |infobox caption = yes}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Berkas:New Jersey Sails.jpg|300px|border|alt=USS ''New Jersey'']]
|Ship caption=USS ''New Jersey'' berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985.
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country= US
|Ship flag={{USN flag |1991}}
|Ship name=
|Ship namesake=[[State of New Jersey]]
|Ship ordered=1 July 1939
|Ship builder = [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]]
|Ship laid down=16 September 1940
|Ship launched=7 December 1942
|Ship sponsor= Carolyn Edison
|Ship commissioned=23 May 1943
|Ship decommissioned=30 June 1948
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header= yes
|Ship recommissioned=21 November 1950
|Ship decommissioned=21 August 1957
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header= yes
|Ship recommissioned=6 April 1968
|Ship decommissioned=17 December 1969
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header= yes
|Ship recommissioned=28 December 1982
|Ship decommissioned=8 February 1991
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
| Ship struck= 4 January 1999
| Ship motto = "Firepower for Freedom"<ref name = "PL199S">{{cite web | website= NJ state library | url=http://repo.njstatelib.org/bitstream/handle/10929.1/8743/L1995c252.pdf | format =[[Portable document format|PDF]] |title=An Act providing for the issuance of Battleship U.S.S. New Jersey license plates ... |date=1995-09-12}}</ref>
| Ship nickname = "Big J"<ref name = "PL199S" />
|Ship honors=19 [[battle star]]s
|Ship fate=
|Ship status = [[Museum ship]] in [[Camden, New Jersey]]
|Ship notes=Most decorated battleship in the US Navy's history
|Ship badge=[[Berkas:USS New Jersey COA.png|153px]]
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass- |Iowa|battleship}}
|Ship displacement=58,000&nbsp;tons
|Ship length={{convert|887|ft|7|in|m|abbr = on}}
|Ship beam= {{convert |108.2|ft|m|abbr= on}}
|Ship draft={{convert |28.9|ft|m|abbr= on}}
|Ship propulsion=
|Ship speed={{convert |33|kn|km/h}}
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=1,921 officers and men
|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar
|Ship EW= [[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite|AN/SLQ-32]]<br />[[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] Decoy System<br />8 × [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers
|Ship armament=1943:<br />9 ×  [[16-50 Mark 7|16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />20 × [[5 inch (127 mm)/38 caliber gun|5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns]]<br />80 ×  [[Bofors 40 mm gun|40&nbsp;mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />49 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20&nbsp;mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />1968:<br />9 × 16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns<br />20 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns<br />1982:<br />9 ×  [[16-50 Mark 7 |16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />12 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns<br />32 ×  [[Tomahawk missile |BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles]]<br />16 × [[RGM-84 Harpoon|RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles]]<br />4 ×  [[Phalanx weapon system|20&nbsp;mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS]]
|Ship armor=[[Belt armor|Belt]]: {{convert |12.1|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Bulkhead (partition) |Bulkheads]]: {{convert |11.3|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Barbette]]s: {{convert |11.6|to|17.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Turret]]s: {{convert |19.7|in|mm| abbr = on}}<br /> [[Deck (ship)|Decks]]: {{convert |7.5|in|mm| abbr= on}}
|Ship aircraft=1943:<br />2 catapults<br />3 [[OS2U Kingfisher|Vought OS2U Kingfisher Floatplanes]]<br />1982:<br />Deck for up to 4 helicopters
|Ship notes=}}
|}

[[Berkas:USS New Jersey (BB-62) in 2007.jpg|thumb|USS New Jersey (BB-62) pada tahun &nbsp;2007|right]]

'''USS ''New Jersey''''' (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php |title=Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions | date = 2014-10-28 | website=Battleship New Jersey |publisher = Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial | accessdate =2014-10-27}}</ref>) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut [[Amerika Serikat]] yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian [[New Jersey]]. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di [[Guam]] dan [[Okinawa]], dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat

<!-- She was briefly reactivated in 1968 and sent to Vietnam to support US troops before returning to the mothball fleet in 1969.  Reactivated once more in the 1980s as part of the [[600-ship Navy]] program, ''New Jersey'' was modernized to carry missiles and recommissioned for service. In 1983, she participated in US operations during the [[Lebanese Civil War]].

''New Jersey'' was decommissioned for the last time in 1991 (after serving a total of 21 years in the active fleet), having earned a [[Navy Unit Commendation]] for service in Vietnam and 19 battle and campaign stars for combat operations during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Lebanese Civil War, and service in the [[Persian Gulf]]. After a brief retention in the mothball fleet, she was donated to the Home Port Alliance in [[Camden, New Jersey]], and began her career as a [[museum ship]] 15 October 2001.

==Construction==
{{Main|Iowa-class battleship|Armament of the Iowa-class battleship}}
''New Jersey'' was one of the {{sclass-|Iowa|battleship|0}} "[[fast battleship]]" designs planned in 1938 by the Preliminary Design Branch at the [[Bureau of Construction and Repair]]. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 12 December 1942 and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 May 1943. The ship was the second of the ''Iowa'' class to be commissioned by the [[U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Order">{{cite web | title = Naval Vessel Register | url = http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB62.htm | publisher= [[United States Navy]] | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> The ship was christened at her launching by Carolyn Edison, wife of Governor [[Charles Edison]] of New Jersey, himself a former [[Secretary of the Navy]]; and commissioned at [[Philadelphia]] 23 May 1943, Captain [[Carl F. Holden]] in command.<ref name="DANFS">{{cite web | title = USS New Jersey (BB 62) History | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/n/new-jersey-ii.html | work = [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] | publisher= United States Navy | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref>

''New Jersey''{{'}}s main battery consisted of nine [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun]]s in three three-gun turrets, which could fire {{convert|2700|lb|kg|0|adj=on}} armor-piercing shells some {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}. Her secondary battery consisted of twenty [[5"/38 caliber gun]]s mounted in twin-gun [[dual purpose gun|dual purpose]] (DP) turrets, which could hit targets up to {{convert|9|mi|km|0}} away. With the advent of air power and the need to gain and maintain [[air superiority]] came a need to protect the growing fleet of allied aircraft carriers, so ''New Jersey'' was fitted with an array of [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|Oerlikon 20 mm]] and [[Bofors 40 mm gun|Bofors 40 mm]] [[anti-aircraft artillery|anti-aircraft guns]]. When reactivated in 1968, ''New Jersey'' had her 20&nbsp;mm and 40&nbsp;mm AA guns removed and was tailored for use as a heavy bombardment ship. When reactivated in 1982, ''New Jersey'' had four twin 5"/38 caliber DP mounts removed. She was outfitted with four [[Phalanx CIWS]] mounts for protection against missiles and aircraft, and eight [[Armored Box Launcher]]s and eight Quad Cell Launchers designed to fire [[Tomahawk missile]]s and [[Harpoon missile]]s, respectively.<ref name="The Battleships I">{{cite book  | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob  | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =120 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref>

Unlike the other ''Iowa''-class battleships, ''New Jersey'' was named by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] to repay a political debt, to then-New Jersey Governor [[Charles Edison]]. During his time in the Navy department, Edison pushed to build the ''Iowa''s, and to build one at the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]], which secured votes for Roosevelt in [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New Jersey]] in the [[United States presidential election, 1940|1940 presidential election]].<ref>Comegno, Carol. [http://www.southjerseynews.com/battleship/u010600a.htm "Historian details the role politics played in battleship's creation"], ''[[Courier-Post]],'' 6 January 2000. Retrieved 27 May 2007.</ref>

==World War II (1944–1945)==

===Shakedown and service with the 5th Fleet, Admiral Spruance===
''New Jersey'' completed fitting out and trained her initial crew in the Western [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] and [[Caribbean Sea]]. On 7 January 1944 she passed through the [[Panama Canal]] war-bound for [[Funafuti]], [[Ellice Islands]]. She reported there 22 January for duty with the [[United States Fifth Fleet]], and three days later rendezvoused with [[Task Group 58.2]] for the [[Marshall Islands campaign|assault on the Marshall Islands]].  ''New Jersey'' screened the [[aircraft carrier]]s from [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] attack as planes from Task Group 58.2 flew strikes against [[Kwajalein]] and [[Eniwetok]] 29 January&nbsp;– 2 February, softening up the latter for its invasion and supporting the troops who landed on 31 January.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' began her career as a [[flagship]] 4 February in [[Majuro]] Lagoon when [[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Raymond A. Spruance]], commanding the 5th Fleet, broke his flag from her main. Her first action as a flagship was in [[Operation Hailstone]], a two-day surface and air strike by her task force against the major Japanese fleet base on [[Chuuk Lagoon|Truk]] in the [[Caroline Islands|Carolines]]. This attack was coordinated with the assault on Kwajalein, and effectively interdicted the Japanese naval retaliation to the conquest of the Marshalls. On 17 and 18 February, the task force accounted for two Japanese [[light cruiser]]s, four [[destroyer]]s, three [[auxiliary cruiser]]s, two [[submarine tender]]s, two [[submarine chaser]]s, an [[Naval trawler|armed trawler]], a plane ferry, and 23 other auxiliaries, not including small craft. ''New Jersey'' destroyed a trawler and, with other ships, sank the destroyer {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Maikaze||2}}. ''New Jersey'' also fired on an enemy aircraft that attacked her formation. The task force returned to the Marshalls 19 February.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Between 17 March and 10 April, ''New Jersey'' first sailed with [[Rear admiral (United States)|Rear Admiral]] [[Marc A. Mitscher]]'s flagship {{USS|Lexington|CV-16|2}} for an air and surface bombardment of [[Mili Atoll|Mille]], then rejoined Task Group 58.2 for a strike against shipping in the [[Palau]]s, and bombarded [[Woleai]]. Upon his return to Majuro, Admiral Spruance transferred his flag to {{USS|Indianapolis|CA-35|2}}.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey''{{'}}s next war cruise, 13 April&nbsp;– 4 May 1944, began and ended at Majuro. She screened the carrier striking force which gave air support to the invasion of [[Aitape]], [[Tanahmerah Bay]] and [[Teluk Yos Sudarso|Humboldt Bay]], [[New Guinea]], 22 April, then shelled shipping and shore installations at Truk 29 April&nbsp;– 30 April. ''New Jersey'' and her formation shot down two enemy [[torpedo bomber]]s at Truk. Her 16&nbsp;inch salvos pounded [[Pohnpei|Ponape]] 1 May, destroying [[fuel tank]]s, badly damaging the [[airfield]], and demolishing a headquarters building.<ref name="DANFS"/>

After rehearsing in the Marshalls for the invasion of the [[Mariana Islands|Marianas]], ''New Jersey'' put to sea 6 June in the screening and bombardment group of Admiral Mitscher's Task Force. On the second day of preinvasion air strikes, 12 June, ''New Jersey'' shot down an enemy torpedo bomber, and during the next two days her heavy guns battered [[Saipan]] and [[Tinian]], in advance of the marine landings on 15 June.<ref name="DANFS"/>

The Japanese response to the Marianas operation was an order to its mobile fleet, to attack and annihilate the American invasion force. Shadowing American [[submarine]]s tracked the Japanese fleet into the [[Philippine Sea]] as Admiral Spruance joined his task force with Admiral Mitscher's to meet the enemy. ''New Jersey'' took station in the protective screen around the carriers on 19 June 1944 as American and Japanese pilots dueled in the [[Battle of the Philippine Sea]]. That day and the next would cripple Japanese naval aviation; in this "Marianas Turkey Shoot", the Japanese lost some 400 planes. This loss of trained pilots and aircraft was equaled in disaster by the sinking of the Japanese aircraft carriers {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Taihō||2}} and {{Ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Shōkaku||2}} by the submarines {{USS|Albacore|SS-218|2}} and {{USS|Cavalla|SS-244|2}}, respectively, and the loss of {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Hiyō||2}} to aircraft launched from the light aircraft carrier {{USS|Belleau Wood|CVL-24|2}}. In addition to these losses, Allied forces succeeded in damaging two Japanese carriers and a battleship. The anti-aircraft fire of ''New Jersey'' and the other screening ships proved virtually impenetrable; two American ships were slightly damaged during the battle. Only 17 American planes were lost in combat.<ref name="DANFS"/>

===Service with the 3rd Fleet, Admiral Halsey===
''New Jersey''{{'}}s final contribution to the conquest of the Marianas was in strikes on Guam and the Palaus from which she sailed for [[Pearl Harbor]], arriving 9 August. Here she broke the flag of Admiral [[William F. Halsey, Jr.]],<ref>William F. Halsey held the rank of a four star Admiral throughout the Second World War. In December 1945, four months after the official surrender of the Japanese, he was promoted to the rank of [[Fleet Admiral (United States)|Fleet Admiral]] and awarded his fifth star. {{cite web | url =http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq36-5.htm |title = Fleet Admiral William Frederick Halsey, Jr. | publisher = Naval Historical Center | date = 2 June 1996 |accessdate = 2007-06-08}}</ref> 24 August, becoming flagship of the [[United States Third Fleet]]. On 30 August ''New Jersey'' set sail from Pearl Harbor, and for the next eight months was based at [[Ulithi]] to lend support to Allied forces operating in the Philippines. In this span of the Pacific War, fast carrier task forces ranged the waters off the Philippines, Okinawa, and [[Taiwan|Formosa]], making repeated strikes at airfields, shipping, shore bases, and invasion beaches.<ref name="DANFS"/>

In September the targets were in the [[Visayas]] and the southern Philippines, then [[Manila]] and [[Cavite]], [[Panay Island|Panay]], [[Negros Island|Negros]], [[Leyte Island|Leyte]], and [[Cebu Island|Cebu]]. Early in October raids to destroy enemy air power based on Okinawa and Formosa were begun in preparation for the Leyte landings of 20 October 1944.<ref name="DANFS"/>

This invasion brought on the last great [[sortie]] of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. Its plan for the [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] included a [[feint]] by a northern force of planeless heavy attack carriers to draw away the battleships, cruisers and fast carriers with which Admiral Halsey was protecting the landings. This was to allow the Japanese Center Force to enter the gulf through [[San Bernardino Strait]]. At the opening of the battle planes from the carriers guarded by ''New Jersey'' struck hard at both the Japanese Southern and Center Forces, sinking a battleship 23 October. The next day Halsey shaped his course north after the decoy force had been spotted. Planes from his carriers sank four of the Japanese carriers, as well as a destroyer and a cruiser, while ''New Jersey'' steamed south at [[flank speed]] to meet the newly developed threat of the Center force. It had been [[Battle off Samar|turned back in a stunning defeat]] when she arrived.<ref name="DANFS"/>
-->
[[Berkas:USS Intrepid CV-11 kamikaze strike.jpg|thumb|left|Seorang awak kapal berjaga pada salah satu senjata anti-pesawat udara pada ''New Jersey''{{'}}, melihat sebuah pesawat terbang kamikaze Jepang menyerang {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|2}}.]]<!--
''New Jersey'' rejoined her fast carriers near San Bernardino 27 October 1944 for strikes on central and southern [[Luzon]]. Two days later, the force came under suicide attack. In a melee of anti-aircraft fire from the ships and combat air patrol, ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane whose pilot maneuvered it into the port gun galleries of {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|2}}, while machine gun fire from ''Intrepid'' wounded three of ''New Jersey's'' men. During a similar action 25 November three Japanese planes were shot down by the combined fire of the force, part of one flaming onto the flight deck of {{USS|Hancock|CV-19|2}}. ''Intrepid'' was again attacked; she shot down one would-be kamikaze aircraft, but was crashed by another despite hits scored on the attacker by ''New Jersey'' gunners. ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane diving on {{USS|Cabot|CVL-28|2}} and hit another plane which smashed into ''Cabot''{{'}}s port bow.<ref name="DANFS"/>

On 18 December 1944 the ships of [[Fast Carrier Task Force|Task Force 38]] unexpectedly found themselves in a fight for their lives when [[Typhoon Cobra (1944)|Typhoon Cobra]] overtook the force— seven fleet and six light carriers, eight battleships, 15 cruisers, and about 50 destroyers— during their attempt to refuel at sea. At the time the ships were operating about {{convert|300|mi|km|-2}} east of Luzon in the Philippine Sea.<ref name="PT">{{cite web | title = Typhoons and Hurricanes: Pacific Typhoon, 18 December 1944 | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq102-4.htm |publisher= Department of the Navy&nbsp;– Navy Historical Center | date =10 April 2001 | accessdate=2006-01-08}}</ref> The carriers had just completed three days of heavy raids against Japanese airfields, suppressing enemy aircraft during the American [[amphibious assault|amphibious operations]] against [[Mindoro]] in the Philippines. The task force rendezvoused with [[Captain (U.S. Navy)|Captain]] Jasper T. Acuff and his fueling group 17 December with the intention of refueling all ships in the task force and replacing lost aircraft.<ref name="Cobra">{{cite web | title = Third Fleet in Typhoon Cobra, December 1944 | url = http://www.compass.dircon.co.uk/cobra2.htm  | work = History of US Naval Operations in World War II |publisher = Dave James' homepage | author= Samuel Eliot Morison | accessdate=2006-01-08 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20051018002436/http://www.compass.dircon.co.uk/cobra2.htm |archivedate = 18 October 2005}}</ref>

Although the sea had been growing rougher all day, the nearby cyclonic disturbance gave relatively little warning of its approach. Each of the carriers in the Third Fleet had a weatherman aboard, and as the fleet flagship ''New Jersey'' had a highly experienced weatherman: Commander G. F. Kosco, a graduate of the aerology course at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] who had also studied hurricanes in the [[West Indies]]; despite this, none of these individuals or staffs were able to give Third Fleet due warning of the impending typhoon.<ref name="Cobra"/> On 18 December, the small but violent typhoon overtook the Task Force while many of the ships were attempting to refuel. Many of the ships were caught near the center of the storm and buffeted by extreme seas and hurricane force winds. Three destroyers—{{USS|Hull|DD-350|2}}, {{USS|Monaghan|DD-354|2}} and {{USS|Spence|DD-512|2}}—capsized and sank with nearly all hands, while a cruiser, five aircraft carriers, and three destroyers suffered serious damage.<ref name="PT"/> Approximately 790 officers and men were lost or killed, with another 80 injured. Fires occurred in three carriers when planes broke loose in their hangars, and some 146 planes on various ships were lost or damaged beyond economical repair by fires, impact damage, or by being swept overboard.<ref name="Cobra"/> As with the other battleships of TF 38, skillful seamanship brought ''New Jersey'' through the storm largely unscathed. She returned to Ulithi on Christmas Eve to be met by Fleet Admiral [[Chester Nimitz]].<ref name="DANFS"/>

===Service with Battleship Division Seven, Admiral Badger===
''New Jersey'' ranged far and wide from 30 December 1944 to 25 January 1945 on her last cruise as Admiral Halsey's flagship. She guarded the carriers in their strikes on Formosa, Okinawa, and Luzon, on the coast of [[Indo-China]], Hong Kong, [[Shantou|Swatow]] and [[Amoy]], and again on Formosa and Okinawa. At Ulithi 27 January Admiral Halsey lowered his flag in ''New Jersey'', but it was replaced two days later by that of Rear Admiral [[Oscar C. Badger II]] commanding [[Battleship Division 7]].<ref name="DANFS"/>

In support of the assault on [[Iwo Jima]], ''New Jersey'' screened the {{USS|Essex|CV-9|2}} group in air attacks on the island 19 February&nbsp;– 21 February, and gave the same crucial service for the first major carrier raid on Tokyo 25 February, a raid aimed specifically at aircraft production. During the next two days, Okinawa was attacked from the air by the same striking force.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' was directly engaged in the conquest of Okinawa from 14 March until 16 April. As the carriers prepared for the invasion with strikes there and on [[Honshū]], ''New Jersey'' fought off air raids, used her [[seaplane]]s to rescue downed pilots, defended the carriers from suicide planes, shooting down at least three and assisting in the destruction of others. On 24 March 1945 she again carried out the role of heavy bombardment, preparing the invasion beaches for the assault a week later.<ref name="DANFS"/>

During the final months of the war, ''New Jersey'' was overhauled at [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]], from which she sailed 4 July for [[San Pedro, California|San Pedro]], Pearl Harbor, and Eniwetok bound for Guam. Here on 14 August she once again became flagship of the 5th Fleet under Admiral Spruance. Brief stays at Manila and Okinawa preceded her arrival in [[Tokyo Bay]] 17 September, where she served as flagship for the successive commanders of Naval Forces in Japanese waters until relieved 28 January 1946 by {{USS|Iowa|BB-61|2}} (BB-61). As part of the ongoing [[Operation Magic Carpet]] ''New Jersey'' took aboard nearly a thousand homeward-bound troops with whom she arrived at San Francisco 10 February.<ref name="DANFS"/>

==Post World War II (1946–1950)==
[[File:New Jesery Mothballed (1948).jpg|thumb|right|''New Jersey'' photographed shortly after her 1948 decommissioning. The "[[igloo]]"-like domes on the ship were placed over her anti-aircraft guns as protection from the elements.]]
After west coast operations and a normal overhaul at Puget Sound, ''New Jersey''{{'}}s keel once more cut the Atlantic as she came home to [[Bayonne, New Jersey]], for a rousing fourth birthday party 23 May 1947. Present were Governor Alfred E. Driscoll, former Governor Walter E. Edge and other dignitaries.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Between 7 June and 26 August, ''New Jersey'' formed part of the first training squadron to cruise Northern European waters since the beginning of World War II. Over two thousand [[United States Naval Academy]] and [[NROTC]] midshipmen received seagoing experience under the command of Admiral Richard L. Connolly, Commander Naval Forces Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, who broke his flag in ''New Jersey'' at [[Rosyth]], Scotland 23 June. She was the scene of official receptions at [[Oslo]], where King [[Haakon VII of Norway]] inspected the crew 2 July, and at [[Portsmouth]], England. The training fleet was westward bound 18 July for exercises in the Caribbean and Western Atlantic.<ref name="DANFS"/>

After serving at New York as flagship for Rear Admiral Heber H. McLean, Commander, Battleship Division 1, 12 September&nbsp;– 18 October, ''New Jersey'' was inactivated at the [[New York Naval Shipyard]]. She was decommissioned at Bayonne 30 June 1948 and assigned to the New York Group, [[Atlantic Reserve Fleet]].<ref name="DANFS"/>

==The Korean War (1950–1953)==
In 1950 [[North Korea]] invaded South Korea, prompting the United States to intervene in the name of the United Nations. President [[Harry S. Truman]] was caught off guard when the invasion struck,<ref>American Secretary of State [[Dean Acheson]] had told Congress on 20 June that no war was likely.</ref> but quickly ordered U.S. Forces stationed in Japan into South Korea. Truman also sent U.S. based troops, tanks, fighter and bomber aircraft, and a strong naval force to Korea to support the Republic of Korea. As part of the naval mobilization ''New Jersey'' was recalled from the mothball fleet to provide seaborne artillery support for U.N. and South Korean troops. ''New Jersey'' was recommissioned at Bayonne on 21 November 1950, Captain David M. Tyree in command, and proceeded to the Caribbean, where she welded her crew into an efficient body which would meet the demanding requirements of the [[Korean War]]. She sailed from [[Norfolk, Virginia]] 16 April 1951 and arrived from Japan off the east coast of Korea 17 May. Vice Admiral Harold M. Martin, commanding the [[United States Seventh Fleet]], placed his flag in ''New Jersey'' for the next six months.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey''{{'}}s guns opened the first shore bombardment of her Korean career at [[Wonsan]] 20 May. During her two tours of duty in Korean waters, she was again and again to play the part of seaborne mobile artillery. In direct support to United Nations troops; or in preparation for ground actions, in interdicting Communist supply and communication routes, or in destroying supplies and troop positions, ''New Jersey'' used her 16&nbsp;inch guns to fire far beyond the capacity of land artillery, moved rapidly and free from major attack from one target to another, and at the same time could be immediately available to guard aircraft carriers should they require her protection. It was on this first such mission at Wonsan that she received her only combat casualties of the Korean War. One of her men was killed and two severely wounded when she took a hit from a [[artillery battery|shore battery]] on her number one turret and received a near miss [[aft]] to port.<ref name="DANFS"/>

[[File:New Jersey in Korea.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' opens up on Communist targets near the [[38th parallel north#Korea|38th parallel]].]]
Between 23 and 27 May and again 30 May 1951, ''New Jersey'' pounded targets near [[Yangyang County|Yangyang]] and [[Kansong]], dispersing troop concentrations, dropping a [[Span (architecture)|bridge span]], and destroying three large ammunition dumps. Air spotters reported Yangyang abandoned at the end of this action, while railroad facilities and vehicles were smashed at Kansong. On 24 May, she lost one of her [[helicopter]]s after the crew pushed their chopper to the limit of its fuel searching for a downed aviator. The helicopter crew was able to reach friendly territory and were later returned to their ship.<ref name="DANFS"/>

With Admiral [[Arthur W. Radford]], Commander in Chief Pacific Fleet, and Vice Admiral [[C. Turner Joy]], Commander Naval Forces Far East aboard, ''New Jersey'' bombarded targets at Wonsan 4 June. At Kansong two days later she fired her main battery at an artillery regiment and truck encampment, with 7th Fleet aircraft spotting targets and reporting successes. On 28 July off Wonsan the battleship was again taken under fire by shore batteries. Several near misses splashed to port, but ''New Jersey''{{'}}s precision fire silenced the enemy and destroyed several gun emplacements.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Between 4 and 12 July, ''New Jersey'' supported a United Nations push in the Kansong area, firing at enemy buildup and reorganization positions. As the [[Republic of Korea]]'s First Division hurled itself on the enemy, shore fire control observers saw ''New Jersey''{{'}}s salvos hit directly on enemy [[mortar (weapon)|mortar]] emplacements, supply and ammunition dumps, and personnel concentrations. ''New Jersey'' returned to Wonsan 18 July for an exhibition of perfect firing: five gun emplacements demolished with five direct hits.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' sailed to the aid of troops of the Republic of Korea once more 17 August, returning to the Kansong area where for four days she provided harassing fire by night, and broke up counterattacks by day, inflicting a heavy toll on enemy troops. She returned to this general area yet again 29 August, when she fired in an amphibious demonstration staged behind enemy lines to ease pressure on the Republic of Korea's troops. The next day she started a three-day saturation of the [[Changjon]] area, with one of her own helicopters spotting the results: four buildings destroyed, road junctions smashed, railroad marshaling yards afire, tracks cut and uprooted, coal stocks scattered, and many buildings and warehouses set blazing.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Aside from a brief break in firing 23 September to take aboard wounded from the {{ship|Korean frigate|Apnok|PF-62}}, damaged by gunfire, ''New Jersey'' was heavily engaged in bombarding the Kansong area, supporting the movement of the [[U.S. X Corps]]. The pattern again was harassing fire by night, destruction of known targets by day. Enemy movement was restricted by the fire of her big guns. A bridge, a dam, several gun emplacements, mortar positions, [[Bunker#Pillbox|pillbox]]es, [[bunker]]s, and two ammunition dumps were demolished.<ref name="DANFS"/>

On 1 October 1951, General [[Omar Bradley]], Chairman of the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]], and General [[Matthew B. Ridgeway]], Commander in Chief Far East, came on board to confer with Admiral Martin.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Between 1 and 6 October ''New Jersey'' was in action daily at Kansong, [[Hamhung]], [[Hungnam]], [[Tanchon]], and [[Songjin]]. Enemy bunkers and supply concentrations provided the majority of the targets at Kansong; at the others ''New Jersey'' fired on railroads, tunnels, bridges, an [[oil refinery]], trains, and shore batteries. She also engaged an enemy gun emplacement with her five-inch (127&nbsp;mm) gun mounts, which ''New Jersey'' successfully destroyed. The Kojo area was her target 16 October as she sailed in company with {{HMS|Belfast|C35|6}}, pilots from {{HMAS|Sydney|1944|6}} spotting. The operation was well-planned and coordinated, and excellent results were obtained.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Another highly satisfactory day was 16 October, when the spotter over the Kansong area reported "beautiful shooting every shot on target-most beautiful shooting I have seen in five years." This five-hour bombardment leveled ten [[artillery]] positions, and in smashing [[trench]]es and bunkers inflicted some 500 enemy casualties.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' dashed up the North Korean coast raiding transportation facilities from 1 to 6 November. She struck at bridges, road, and rail installations at Wonsan, Hungnam, Tanchon, [[Iowon]], Songjin, and Chongjin, leaving four bridges destroyed, others badly damaged, two marshaling yards badly torn up, and many feet of track destroyed. With renewed attacks on Kansong and near the [[Chang-San-Got Peninsula]] 11 and 13 November, ''New Jersey'' completed her first tour of duty in Korea.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Relieved as flagship by {{USS|Wisconsin|BB-64|2}}, ''New Jersey'' cleared [[U.S. Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka]] for Hawaii, [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]] and the Panama Canal, and returned to Norfolk 20 December for a six-month overhaul. Between 19 July 1952 and 5 September, she sailed as flagship for Rear Admiral H. R. Thurber, who commanded the NROTC midshipman training cruise to [[Cherbourg-Octeville|Cherbourg]], Lisbon, and the Caribbean. Now ''New Jersey'' prepared and trained for her second Korean tour, for which she sailed from Norfolk 5 March 1953.<ref name="DANFS"/>

[[File:New Jersey in Korea II.jpg|thumb|right|''New Jersey'' in Japanese waters, 1953]]
Shaping her course via the Panama Canal, Long Beach, and Hawaii, New Jersey reached Yokosuka 5 April, and next day relieved {{USS|Missouri|BB-63|2}} as flagship of Vice Admiral Joseph H. Clark, Commander 7th Fleet. On 12 April ''New Jersey'' returned to action by shelling Chongjin; in seven minutes she scored seven direct hits, blowing away half the main communications building there. At [[Pusan]] two days later, ''New Jersey'' manned her rails to welcome the [[President of South Korea|President of the Republic of Korea]] and Madame Rhee, and American Ambassador Ellis O. Briggs.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' fired on coastal batteries and buildings at Kojo 16 April; on railway track and tunnels near Hungnam 18 April; and on gun emplacements around [[Wonsan Harbor]] 20 April, silencing them in five areas after she had herself taken several near misses. Songjin provided targets 23 April. Here ''New Jersey'' scored six direct 16&nbsp;inch (406&nbsp;mm) hits on a railroad tunnel and knocked out two rail bridges.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' provided artillery support for a major air and surface strike on Wonsan 1 May, as 7th Fleet planes both attacked the enemy and spotted for the battleship. She knocked out eleven Communist shore guns that day, and four days later destroyed the key observation post on the island of [[Hodo Pando]], commanding the harbor. Two days later [[Kalmagak]] at Wonsan was her target.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey''{{'}}s tenth birthday, 23 May 1953, was celebrated at [[Incheon]] with President and Madame Rhee, Lieutenant General [[Maxwell D. Taylor]], and other dignitaries on board. Two days later ''New Jersey'' returned to action along the west coast at [[Chinampo]] to knock out harbor defense positions.<ref name="DANFS"/>

[[File:USS New Jersey BB-62 salvo Jan 1953.jpeg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' fires a six gun salvo of 16 in shells into an enemy troop concentration near [[Kaesong]], Korea.]]
The battleship was under fire at Wonsan 27 May&nbsp;– 29 May, but her five-inch (127&nbsp;mm) guns silenced the counter-fire, and her 16&nbsp;inch shells destroyed five gun emplacements and four gun caves. She also hit a target that flamed spectacularly: either a [[oil depot|fuel storage area]] or an [[ammunition dump]].<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' returned to the key task of direct support to troops at [[Kosong]] 7 June. On her first mission, she completely destroyed two gun positions, an observation post, and their supporting trenches, then stood by on call for further aid. She then sailed back to Wonsan for a day-long bombardment 24 June, aimed at guns placed in caves. The results were excellent, with eight direct hits on three caves, one cave demolished, and four others closed. Next day she returned to troop support at Kosong, her assignment until 10 July, aside from necessary withdrawal for replenishment.<ref name="DANFS"/>

At Wonsan 11 July&nbsp;– 12 July, ''New Jersey'' fired one of the most concentrated bombardments of her Korean duty. For nine hours the first day, and for seven the second, her guns opened fire on gun positions and bunkers on Hodo Pando and the mainland with telling effect. At least ten enemy guns were destroyed, many damaged, and a number of caves and tunnels sealed. ''New Jersey'' smashed radar control positions and bridges at Kojo 13 July, and was once more on the east coast bombline 22 July&nbsp;– 24 July to support South Korean troops near Kosong. These days found her gunners at their most accurate: A large cave, housing an important enemy observation post was closed, the end of a month-long United Nations effort, and a great many bunkers, artillery areas, observation posts, trenches, tanks and other weapons were destroyed.<ref name="DANFS"/>

At sunrise on 25 July 1953 ''New Jersey'' was off the key port, rail and communications center of Hungnam, pounding coastal guns, bridges, a factory area, and oil storage tanks. She sailed north that afternoon, firing at rail lines and railroad tunnels as she made for Tanchon, where she launched a [[whaleboat]] in an attempt to spot a train known to run nightly along the coast. Her big guns were trained on two tunnels between which she hoped to catch the train, but in the darkness she could not see the results of her six-gun salvo.<ref name="DANFS"/>

===Post Korean War (1953–1967)===
''New Jersey's'' mission at Wonsan, the next day, was her last. Here she destroyed large-caliber guns, bunkers, caves and trenches. Two days later, she learned of the truce. Her crew celebrated during a seven-day visit at Hong Kong, where she anchored 20 August. Operations around Japan and off Formosa were carried out for the remainder of her tour, which was highlighted by a visit to Pusan. Here president Rhee came aboard on 16 September to present the [[Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)|Korean Presidential Unit Citation]] to the 7th Fleet.<ref name="DANFS"/>

Relieved as flagship at Yokosuka by ''Wisconsin'' 14 October, ''New Jersey'' was homeward bound the next day, reaching Norfolk on 14 November. During the next two summers she crossed the Atlantic with [[midshipmen]] on board for training, and during the rest of the year sharpened her skills with exercises and training maneuvers along the Atlantic coast and in the Caribbean.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'' stood out of Norfolk 7 September 1955 for her first tour of duty with the [[United States Sixth Fleet]] in the [[Mediterranean]]. Her ports of call included [[Gibraltar]], [[Valencia (city in Spain)|Valencia]], [[Cannes]], [[Istanbul]], [[Souda Bay]]; and [[Barcelona]]. She returned to Norfolk 7 January 1956 for the spring program of training operations. That summer she again carried midshipmen to Northern Europe for training, bringing them home to [[Annapolis]] 31 July. ''New Jersey'' sailed for Europe once more 27 August as flagship of Vice Admiral Charles Wellborn, Jr., Commander [[United States Second Fleet]]. She called at Lisbon, participated in [[NATO]] exercises off Scotland, and paid an official visit to Norway where Crown Prince [[Olav V of Norway|Olav]] was a guest. She returned to Norfolk 15 October, and 14 December arrived at New York Naval Shipyard for inactivation. She was decommissioned and placed in reserve at Bayonne 21 August 1957.<ref name="DANFS"/>

==The Vietnam War (1967–1969)==
Due to heavy loss rates of U.S. aircraft (commencing with [[Operation Rolling Thunder]] in 1965), studies were conducted on ways of alleviating those air losses while at the same time delivering the ordnance payloads required by the escalation of the war. On 31 May 1967 the Secretary of Defense [[Robert McNamara]] authorized a study aimed at determining what would be required to get ''New Jersey'' reactivated in her present condition, and when the results of the submitted study proved favorable toward the reactivation he took action.<ref name="BAW">{{cite book |last=Frick |first=Martin P. |editor=Lightbody, Andy & Blaine, Taylor |title=Battleships at War: America's Century Long Romance with the Big Guns of the Fleet |publisher=Challenge Publications, Inc |location=Canoga Park, CA |pages=64, 65, 86–89 |chapter=The Big Guns: America's Century Long Romance with the Battleship |year=1991}}</ref> In August 1967 the Secretary of Defense made the decision to recommission a battleship "for employment in the Pacific Fleet to augment the naval gunfire support force in Southeast Asia".<ref name="vets">{{cite web |url=http://www.ussnewjersey.org/1968_narrative.htm |title=Narrative 1968 History of USS New Jersey (BB-62) |accessdate=2005-05-26 |publisher=USS New Jersey Veteran's, INC}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' was selected for this task because she was in better material condition than her sisters, having received an extensive overhaul prior to decommissioning. Upon her reactivation she underwent a period of modernization during which the 20&nbsp;mm and 40&nbsp;mm anti-aircraft guns on the battleship were removed, and she received improved electronic warfare systems and improvements to her radar. Armed as such ''New Jersey'' was formally recommissioned 6 April 1968 at the [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]], Captain [[J. Edward Snyder]] in command.<ref name="DANFS"/>

''New Jersey'', then the world's only active battleship, departed Philadelphia 16 May, calling at Norfolk and transiting the Panama Canal 4 June before arriving at her new home port of Long Beach, California, 11 June. Further training off Southern California followed. On 24 July ''New Jersey'' received 16&nbsp;inch shells and powder tanks from {{USS|Mount Katmai|AE-16|2}} by conventional highline transfer and by helicopter lift, the first time heavy battleship ammunition had been transferred by helicopter at sea (now known as [[vertical replenishment]]).<ref name="DANFS"/>

[[File:New Jersey Underway.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' en route to Vietnam, 1968]]
Departing Long Beach 2 September, ''New Jersey'' touched at Pearl Harbor and [[U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay|Subic Bay]] before sailing 25 September for her first tour on the ''[[wikt:gun line|gun line]]''<ref name="Polmar, p. 129">Polmar, p. 129</ref> along the Vietnamese coast. Near the 17th parallel on 30 September, the battleship fired her first shots in battle in over sixteen years, expending a total of 29 sixteen inch rounds against [[People's Army of Vietnam]] (PAVN) targets in and near the [[Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone|Demilitarized Zone]] (DMZ) at the 17th parallel.<ref name="vets"/>

''New Jersey'' took up station off Tiger Island 1 October and fired at targets north of the DMZ before moving south that afternoon to engage [[Viet Cong]] targets. She accounted for six bunkers, a supply truck and an anti-aircraft site that day; additionally, she helped rescue the crew of a Marine spotting plane forced down at sea by anti-aircraft fire. On 3 October ''New Jersey'' fired on targets south of Tiger Island, and on 4 October the battleship fired on a Communist troop concentration and destroyed several bunkers. On the evening of 7 October ''New Jersey'' received reports that a number of waterborne logistics craft were moving south near the mouth of the Song Giang River. ''New Jersey'' responded by closing on the formation, and succeeded in sinking eleven of the craft before they could beach.<ref name="vets"/>

On 11 October ''New Jersey'' engaged a coastal installation with her guns; however, she shifted her fire when a recon plane spotting for the battleship reported an enemy truck concentration north of Nha Ky. ''New Jersey'' gunners quickly retrained the battleship's big guns and managed to inflict heavy damage on six of the vehicles.<ref name="vets"/>

Early on the morning of 12 October ''New Jersey'' trained her guns in anticipation of shelling the heavily fortified and well protected Vinh caves. For the next three days ''New Jersey'' pounded the area with her 16&nbsp;in shells in an effort to eliminate the Viet Cong presence in the region. Aided by spotter aircraft from the aircraft carrier {{USS|America|CV-66|2|2}}, ''New Jersey'' engaged enemy targets, setting several enemy positions on fire and sealing one cave. On 14 October ''New Jersey'' shifted her gunfire to the coastal artillery sites on Hon Matt Island, destroying one battery on the island.<ref name="vets"/>

On 16 October ''New Jersey'' took up station in support of the [[3rd Marine Division (United States)|U.S. 3rd Marine Division]]. Using both the 16&nbsp;in and 5&nbsp;in guns ''New Jersey'' engaged and destroyed 13&nbsp;structures and an artillery site, in the process halting an enemy platoon moving through the DMZ. ''New Jersey'' continued to lend firepower support on the 17th until departing to lend her gunfire to the First Field Force. Foul weather prevented spotter aircraft from flying until 20 October; however, ''New Jersey'' quickly made up for lost time on the gun line by destroying a Viet Cong command post and nine bunkers in support of the [[173d Airborne Brigade (United States)|173rd Airborne Brigade]], who were operating about {{convert|50|mi|km|-1}} north of Nha Trang. The next day ''New Jersey'' maneuvered into the waters of the Baie de Van Fong to fire at Viet Cong command posts, but poor visibility of the target area prevented any damage estimates.<ref name="vets"/>

On the night of 23 October ''New Jersey'' steamed north to rearm before taking up position in support of the 3rd Marine Division 25 October. That day she shelled enemy troops located by a spotter plane. The next day ''New Jersey'' engaged targets of opportunity, destroying 11 structures, seven bunkers, a concrete observation tower, and an enemy trench line. She also received hostile fire when North Vietnamese gunners attempted to strike at ''New Jersey'' with artillery positioned near Cap Lay. Some ten to twelve rounds were launched at ''New Jersey''; however, the rounds fired landed well short of the battleship. Aerial spotters were called in to look at the suspected gun position; they reported no artillery present but fresh tire tracks leading to a concealed area, suggesting that there had been artillery there earlier. Armed with this information ''New Jersey'' fired five 16&nbsp;inch shells at the site, but in the darkness spotters were unable to confirm any hits.<ref name="vets"/>

On 28 October ''New Jersey'' steamed south to engage Communist targets. During the shelling aircraft spotting for the battleship reported taking heavy anti-aircraft fire to the extreme north of the target zone; subsequently, ''New Jersey'' altered her fire to silence the site with her big guns. The next day ''New Jersey'' leveled 30&nbsp;structures, destroyed three underground bunkers, and shelled a Viet Cong trench line. That afternoon an aerial observer located an enemy artillery position on a hilltop southwest of Cap Lay. ''New Jersey'' responded by firing six 16&nbsp;inch rounds at the site, destroying it. Follow up assaults on 30 October destroyed a Communist resupply area and an anti-aircraft site.<ref name="vets"/>

Upon completion of this mission ''New Jersey'' steamed south, taking a position off [[Da Nang]] and Point DeDe to lend naval gunfire support to the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|U.S. 1st Marine Division]] operating in the area. On 2 November ''New Jersey'' commenced firing operations against nine positions, but the heavy foliage in the area prevented spotters from seeing the results of the shelling.<ref name="vets"/>

On 4 November ''New Jersey'' received orders to reinforce southern [[II Corps (South Vietnam)|II Corps]] near [[Phan Thiết]]; she arrived on station later that night. The next day she answered eight call for fire support missions from the [[173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team|173rd Airborne Brigade]], in the process destroying eight Viet Cong bunkers and five structures. On 11 November ''New Jersey'' departed Vietnamese waters to replenish; she returned to the gunline 23 November and relieved {{USS|Galveston|CLG-3|2}}, taking up position in support of the U.S. Army's [[Americal Division]]. That afternoon ''New Jersey''{{'}}s {{convert|5|in|mm|0|sing=on}} guns shelled enemy buildings, destroying 15&nbsp;structures and inflicted heavy damage on 29&nbsp;others.<ref name="vets"/>

On 25 November ''New Jersey'' launched the most destructive shore bombardment of her Vietnam tour. For the next two days the battleship concentrated her fire at Viet Cong storage areas near [[Quảng Ngãi]], destroying 182&nbsp;structures and 54&nbsp;bunkers, inflicting heavy damage to 93&nbsp;structures, and demolishing several tunnel complexes before departing for Point Betsy near Hue 27 November to support the [[101st Airborne Division (United States)|101st Airborne Division]].<ref name="vets"/>

Between 2 and 8 December ''New Jersey'' returned to aid the 3rd Marine Division, shelling Viet Cong bunker complexes for the Marines operating around the Da Nang area before departing for Singapore 9 December. On 26 December ''New Jersey'' returned to the gunline, taking up station off Tuy Hoa in support of the [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] 47th Division. For the next three days ''New Jersey'' fired her guns to support the II Corps, in the process destroying Viet Cong bunkers and supply depots and neutralizing enemy cave posts. ''New Jersey'' would remain in the waters of the DMZ until after [[New Years]], shelling Communist bunkers for ground troops until leaving to support the 1st Marine Division 3 January.<ref name="vets"/>

[[File:USS New Jersey.jpg|thumb|right|USS ''New Jersey''  bombarding positions during the [[Vietnam War]].]]
Throughout January and into February ''New Jersey'' operated in support of the Marines. On 10 February the battleship left to reinforce the [[2nd Marine Division (Republic of Korea)|Korean 2nd Marine Brigade]] operating near Da Nang. The battleship's target was a suspected subterranean staging area for a Viet Cong regiment. ''New Jersey''{{'}}s big guns went to work on the complex, firing 16&nbsp;inch shells into tunnels and bunkers to aid the ground troops. On 14 February the battleship steamed south of the DMZ to provide support for the 3rd Marine Division, in the process destroying an anti-aircraft site with her big guns. The next day ''New Jersey'' fired on an enemy rocket site northeast of [[Con Thien]], destroying the facility, then trained her guns on known Communist positions to harass PAVN forces. On 22 February ''New Jersey'' responded to an urgent request for fire support from the besieged [[Ocean View, Viet Nam|Oceanview observation post]] near the DMZ. For the next six hours ''New Jersey'' fired her guns, ultimately repelling the attacking force.<ref name="vets II">{{cite web |url=http://www.ussnewjersey.org/1969_narrative.htm |title=1969 Narrative History of USS New Jersey (BB-62) |accessdate=2005-05-31 |publisher=USS New Jersey Veteran's, INC}}</ref>

For the remainder of February and into March ''New Jersey'' shelled targets along the DMZ. On 13 March the battleship departed the gunline bound for Subic Bay. She returned to action on 20 March, operating near [[Cam Ranh Bay]] in support of the Korean [[9th Infantry Division (Republic of Korea)|9th Infantry Division]]. For the next week ''New Jersey'' patrolled the waters between Phan Thiet and Tuy Hoa, shelling targets of opportunity along the coast. On 28 March ''New Jersey'' took up station south of the DMZ to aid the 3rd Marine Division, remaining there until 1 April, whereupon ''New Jersey'' departed for Japan.<ref name="vets II"/>  During the battleship's tour of duty along the ''gunline'' in Vietnam, ''New Jersey'' had fired 5,688 rounds of 16&nbsp;inch shells, and 14,891 rounds of 5-inch shells.<ref name="Polmar, p. 129"/><ref>Page, Tim and Pimlott. ''NAM The Vietnam Experience 1965–75'' Volume 11, p.338, Orbis, 1986</ref>

===Post Vietnam War (1969–1982)===
[[File:USS Missouri (BB-63) and USS New Jersey (BB-62) mothballed.jpg|thumb|''New Jersey'' and {{USS|Missouri|BB-63|2}} moored at the [[Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility]] at [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility|Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] in 1981.]]
Her first Vietnam combat tour completed, ''New Jersey'' departed Subic Bay 3 April 1969 for Japan. She arrived at Yokosuka for a two-day visit, sailing for the United States 9 April. Her homecoming, however, was to be delayed. On the 15th, while ''New Jersey'' was still at sea, North Korean jet fighters [[EC-121 shootdown incident|shot down]] an unarmed [[EC-121 Constellation]] electronic surveillance plane over the [[Sea of Japan]], killing its entire crew. A carrier task force was formed and sent to the Sea of Japan, while ''New Jersey'' was ordered to come about and steam toward Japan. On the 22nd she arrived once more at Yokosuka, and immediately put to sea in readiness for what might befall.<ref name="DANFS"/>

As the crisis eased, ''New Jersey'' was released to continue her interrupted voyage. She anchored at Long Beach 5 May 1969, her first visit to her home port in eight months. Through the summer months, ''New Jersey''{{'}}s crew toiled to make her ready for another deployment, and deficiencies discovered on the gun line were remedied. According to official reports, though, reasons of economy were to dictate otherwise: on 22 August 1969 the [[United States Secretary of Defense]] released a list of names of ships to be inactivated; at the top of the list was ''New Jersey''.<ref>Persistent rumors have suggested that the real reason that ''New Jersey'' was decommissioned had to do with the [[Paris Peace Talks]], some source suggest that the Vietnamese would not meet with U.S. representatives unless ''New Jersey'' was removed from the gunline, other sources suggest that the Vietnamese offered to meet with representatives of the United States if ''New Jersey'' was returned to the states. No compelling evidence exists to support or refute these claims.</ref> Five days later, Captain Snyder was relieved of command by Captain [[Robert C. Peniston]].<ref name="DANFS"/>

Assuming command of a ship already earmarked for the "[[reserve fleet|mothball fleet]]", Captain Peniston and his crew prepared for their task. ''New Jersey'' got underway on the voyage 6 September, departing Long Beach for Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. She arrived on the 8th, and began preinactivation overhaul to ready herself for decommissioning. On 17 December 1969 ''New Jersey''{{'}}s colors were hauled down and she entered the inactive fleet, following the words of her last commanding officer: "Rest well, yet sleep lightly; and hear the call, if again sounded, to provide fire power for freedom."<ref name="DANFS"/>

==Reactivation (1982)==
[[File:New Jersey Modernized.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' in drydock while undergoing modernization]]
As part of president [[Ronald Reagan]]'s and Navy Secretary [[John Lehman]]'s effort to create a [[600-ship Navy]], ''New Jersey'' was selected for reactivation in the spring of 1981, and she was towed from [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] to [[Long Beach Naval Shipyard]] at the end of July 1981 for modernization/reactivation. At the time of the reactivation the Navy envisioned using ''New Jersey'' and her sister ship ''Iowa'' to meet sustained global requirements and relieve the strain on the Navy created by an increase in U.S. commitments to the Indian Ocean and [[Caribbean Sea]] regions. During this time the Navy developed several proposals to update their battleships to carry cruise missiles and anti-ship missiles, as well as point defense system mounts. Preliminary modernizations schemes included the removal of four of the ten 5&nbsp;inch gun mounts on ''New Jersey'' to make room for the armored box launchers that would be required to carry and launch the BGM-109 Tomahawk missiles.<ref name="GOA1">{{cite web |url=http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format=PDF  |title=Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa class battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany |accessdate=2005-05-25 |publisher=[[Government Accountability Office|United States General Accounting Office]]  |date=20 April 1981 |pages=3–18}}</ref><ref>At the time ''New Jersey'' was scheduled to undergo modernization the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been introduced for use in the field; however, the Navy announced plans to include the updates that would be needed for ''New Jersey'' to use the Tomahawk system while undergoing her modernization. {{cite web | url =http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | format = PDF |publisher = United States General Accounting Office | accessdate = 2007-06-08 | date = 20 April 1981 }}</ref> At one point the NATO [[Sea Sparrow]] was to be installed on the reactivated battleships; however, it was determined that the system could not withstand the overpressure effects when firing the main battery.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>Statement by Admiral Rowden in the ''Department of Defense Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1982''.</ref>

''New Jersey''{{'}}s modernization was unique in that she was to be the only reactivated ''Iowa''-class battleship to lose a gun turret. At the time the Navy made the announcement plans were underway to remove ''New Jersey''{{'}}s No. 3 16&nbsp;in gun turret (located aft of the superstructure). In its place the Navy planned to install one of two systems: a [[vertical launch system|vertical launching missile magazine]] which would have enabled ''New Jersey'' to carry an additional 48 Tomahawk or Harpoon missiles, or using the space generated by a removed gun turret for aircraft related updates centering on [[VTOL]] or [[V/STOL]] type aircraft;<ref name="GOA1"/> however these ideas were ultimately dropped, and ''New Jersey'' retained her No. 3 Gun Turret during her 1980s career.

[[File:New Jersey recommissioned.JPG|thumb|right|President Ronald Reagan speaks during the recommissioning ceremony for ''New Jersey''.]]
Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book  | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob  | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref>  Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/>

Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon]] and [[Bofors 40mm gun|40&nbsp;mm Bofors]] anti-aircraft guns removed, and received improved electronic warfare capabilities. This alteration helped reduce the time it took get ''New Jersey'' recommissioned: since she was not in her World War II format the only major physical alteration to ''New Jersey'' involved the removal of four of her ten 5&nbsp;inch gun mounts to make room for the Armored Box Launchers.<ref name="FAS Iowa">{{cite web | title = BB-61 IOWA-class (Specifications)|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/bb-61.htm |publisher=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref><ref>By comparison ''Iowa'', ''Missouri'', and ''Wisconsin'' had to be stripped of their 20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon and 40&nbsp;mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns, in addition to the removal of four of their ten 5&nbsp;in guns.</ref> In addition to saving time, this also made ''New Jersey'' cheaper to reactivate since the cost needed to modernize the battleship only included the addition of missile and gun system mounts, electronic warfare suites, and improved radar and gun spotter technology.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>The estimated cost of reactivating ''New Jersey'' with her gun turrets intact was ,26 million, vs the estimated ,92 million to reactivate ''Iowa''. {{cite web | url = http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format = PDF | publisher = United States General Accounting Office | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | date = 20 April 1981| accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref>

Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/>

On 28 December 1982 ''New Jersey'' was formally recommissioned at Long Beach, California, her new homeport. The recommissioning of ''New Jersey'' marked a return of the world's last battleships after a 13-year absence from the world's oceans.<ref>''New Jersey'' decommissioned in 1969, then was the first to be recommissioned under the 600-ship Navy program.  {{cite web |url=http://navysite.de/bb/bb62.htm |title=USS New Jersey (BB 62) |publisher=navysite.de|accessdate=2005-05-27}}</ref>

==Lebanese Civil War (1983–1984)==
In 1983, a bloody [[Lebanese civil war|civil war]] was raging in [[Lebanon]]. In an effort to stop the violence in the region a [[Multinational Force in Lebanon|Multinational Force]] of [[Peacekeeping|peacekeeper]]s composed largely of U.S., Italian and French armed service members was created and sent to the region to attempt a restoration of order. As part of the multinational force the United States mobilized an expeditionary force composed of members of the [[United States Marine Corps]] and elements of the United States Sixth Fleet which operated out of the [[Mediterranean Sea]].<ref name="CCN">{{cite web |url=http://historiccamdencounty.com/ccnews17.shtml |title=Launch your own missile from Battleship New Jersey: Warship Museum Prepares New 'Interactive' Combat Control Center
|accessdate=2007-05-21 |last=Levins  |first=Hoag |publisher=HistoricCamdenCounty.com|date=18 October 2001}}</ref>

[[File:USS New Jersey firing in Beirut, 1984.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' opens fire on an enemy position off the coast of Beirut 9 January 1984.]]

On 18 April 1983 [[1983 United States embassy bombing|a van carrying a 2,000 pound load of explosives, slammed into the U.S. embassy in West Beirut, killing 63]]. In August 1983, [[Israel]] withdrew its [[Israel Defense Forces|Defense Forces]] from the [[Chouf District]] (southeast of Beirut), thus removing the buffer between the [[Druze]] and the Christian militias and triggering another round of brutal fighting. In August 1983 militiamen began to bombard United States Marines positions near Beirut International Airport with mortar and rocket fire as the Lebanese Army fought Druze and Shia forces in the southern suburbs of Beirut. On 29 August 1983, two Marines were killed and fourteen wounded, and in the ensuing months the Marines came under almost daily attack from artillery, mortar, rocket, and small-arms fire.<ref name="C">{{cite web |url= http://www.cedarland.org/war.html  |title=The Lebanese War, Lebanese Civil War (subsection:The Israeli Defense Forces Withdrawal and the Mountain War) |accessdate=2007-05-25 |publisher=cederland.org |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070523203345/http://www.cedarland.org/war.html |archivedate = 23 May 2007}}</ref> After this attack the Marines began returning fire. The Reagan Administration decided to dispatch ''New Jersey'', a decision the Marines cheered.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,949807-2,00.html
|title=Listening for That Whistle| accessdate=2008-10-09 |author=Roberto Suro; Kenneth W. Banta|date=26 September 1983|work=Time Magazine}}</ref>

On 16 September 1983 Druze forces massed on the threshold of [[Suk El Gharb]], a village defended by the Lebanese Army. Suk El Gharb was a village with strategic importance: the militias coming up from the south had to traverse Suk El Gharb to get to the Beirut–Aley road. Moreover, Suk El Gharb controlled a ridge that overlooked [[Baabda, Yarze]], which was the location of the Ministry of Defence, and East Beirut. From that ridge, the Militia gunners could shoot directly downhill at those locations with artillery.<ref name="C"/> United States Navy warships shelled Druze positions and helped the Lebanese Army hold the town of Suk El Gharb until a cease-fire was declared on 25 September, on which day the battleship ''New Jersey'' arrived on the scene.<ref name="C"/> The arrival of ''New Jersey'' was one of several factors contributing to a reduction in the number of attacks on the Marines.<ref name="Benis 1987">{{cite book | last = Frank | first = Benis M. | year = 1987 | title = U.S. Marines in Lebanon 1982–1984 | publisher =History and Museums Division, Marine Corps | url= http://www2.marines.mil/news/publications/Documents/US%20Marines%20In%20Lebanon%201982-1984%20PCN%2019000309800.pdf|format=PDF| id = Library of Congress Card No. 87-619851 |lccn=87-619851 |page=90}}</ref>

On 28 November—after 23 October [[1983 Beirut barracks bombing]]—the U.S. government announced that ''New Jersey'' would be retained off Beirut although her crew would be rotated. On 14 December, ''New Jersey'' fired 11 projectiles from her 16&nbsp;inch (406&nbsp;mm) guns at hostile positions inland of Beirut. These were the first 16&nbsp;inch (406&nbsp;mm) shells fired for effect anywhere in the world since ''New Jersey'' ended her time on the gunline in Vietnam in 1969.<ref name="navysite">{{cite web |url=http://navysite.de/bb/bb62.htm |title=USS New Jersey (BB 62) |publisher=navysite.de|accessdate=2005-05-27}}</ref>
This shelling was in response to attacks on U.S. reconnaissance planes by Syrian/Druze antiaircraft batteries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,926419,00.html |title=Familiar Fingerprints| accessdate=2008-10-05 |author=Barry Hillenbrand, William E. Smith and Dean Brelis|work=Time Magazine | date=26 December 1983}}</ref>

[[File:Julie Hayek USO Tour.jpg|thumb|Entertainers during a Christmas Eve [[USO]] show in 1983 on board the USS ''New Jersey'' (BB-62) off the coast of Beirut, Lebanon. (left to right) Miss USA [[Julie Hayek]], [[Cathy Lee Crosby]], [[Bob Hope]], [[Ann Jillian]] and [[Brooke Shields]].]]

Carrying on a tradition he had begun in World War II of spending Christmas with U.S. forces overseas, [[Bob Hope]] and his troupe of entertainers gave a show on board the ''New Jersey'' on 24 December 1983. Four hundred Marines stationed in Beirut attended the show.<ref name="Benis 1987" />

On 8 February 1984, ''New Jersey'' fired almost 300 shells at Druze and Shi'ite positions in the hills overlooking Beirut.<ref>{{Cite news |title=At Sea/Lebanon: USS New Jersey Shells Beirut Hills/Amal Fighters Take Over West Beirut|date=8 February 1984 |agency=Reuters |newspaper=[[ITN]] |url=http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//RTV/1984/02/08/BGY601050086/ }}</ref> Some 30 of these massive projectiles rained down on a Syrian command post in the [[Bekaa Valley]] east of Beirut, killing the general commanding Syrian forces in Lebanon<ref name="CSM">{{Cite journal |title=U.S. warship stirs Lebanese fear of war |author=Nicholas Blanford |journal=[[Christian Science Monitor]] |date=4 March 2008 |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2008/0304/p01s01-wome.html }}</ref> and several other senior officers. This was the heaviest shore bombardment since the Korean War.<ref name="navysite"/>

Although ''New Jersey'' performed her job expertly during the intervention in Lebanon some have criticized the decision to have ''New Jersey'' shell Druze and Syrian forces. Members of this camp allege that this action forced a shift in the previously neutral U.S. forces by convincing local Lebanese Muslims that the United States had taken the Christian side;<ref name="CSM" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/lebanon/104.htm |title=Lebanon&nbsp;– United States |accessdate=2007-05-25 |author=U.S. Library of Congress}}</ref> ''New Jersey''{{'}}s shells had killed hundreds of people, mostly Shiites and Druze.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.charlesglass.net/archives/2006/07/lebanon_agonist.html |title=Lebanon Agonistes|accessdate=2009-10-17 |last=Glass |first=Charles |date=July 2006 |authorlink=Charles Glass|publisher=CounterPunch}}</ref> In his memoir, General [[Colin Powell]] (at the time an assistant to [[Caspar Weinberger]]) noted that "When the shells started falling on the Shiites, they assumed the American ‘referee’ had taken sides."<ref>Powell, Colin A. and [[Joseph Persico]], ''My American Journey'', [[Ballantine Books|Ballantine]], ISBN 0-345-40728-8</ref>

The accuracy of ''New Jersey''{{'}}s guns was also called into question. An investigation into ''New Jersey's'' gunfire effectiveness in Lebanon, led by [[United States Marine|Marine]] Colonel Don Price, found that many of the ship's shells had missed their targets by as much as {{convert|10000|yd|m|-1}} and therefore may have inadvertently killed civilians. Tim McNulty, a correspondent for the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' based in Lebanon said, "Everybody loved the ''New Jersey'' until she fired her guns. Once she fired, it was obvious she couldn't hit anything."<ref>{{cite book | last = Thompson II | first = Charles C. | year = 1999 | title = [[A Glimpse of Hell: The Explosion on the USS Iowa and Its Cover-Up]] | publisher = W. W. Norton | isbn = 0-393-04714-8 |page=140}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Bonner | first = Kit | first2=Carolyn |last2=Bonner |first3=Kermit |last3=Bonner  | date = 19 November 1998 | title = Great Naval Disasters: U.S. Naval Accidents in the 20th Century | publisher = Zenith Press | isbn = 0-7603-0594-3 |page=57}}</ref>  The inaccuracy is believed to have resulted because the ship's main gunpowder had been remixed by the Navy, under the direction of Captain Joseph Dominick Miceli at the [[Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division|Naval Weapons Support Center]], and rebagged. Powder lots (an individual production of powder) burn at different rates. Therefore, remixing the powder lots could cause the guns to fire inconsistently. The problem was apparently resolved after the Navy was able to locate additional powder supplies which had not been remixed.<ref>Thompson, p. 140, 165. Miceli later led the technical investigation into the [[USS Iowa turret explosion|USS ''Iowa'' turret explosion]] in spite of the presumable conflict of interest with finding fault with powder that had been mixed and bagged under his direction. Richard Milligan, captain of ''New Jersey'' in February 1984, led the first investigation into the ''Iowa'' explosion and whose findings were subsequently discredited and discarded.</ref>

===Post-Lebanese deployment (1984–1990)===
[[File:New Jersey Shoots.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' fires all main guns, December 1986]]
In 1986 ''New Jersey'' began her next deployment, this time operating as part of the Pacific Fleet and as the centerpiece of her own [[battleship battle group|battle group]]. This was first time that ''New Jersey'' had operational control of her own group of escorts since the Korean War, and she cruised from Hawaii to [[Thailand]] in 1986, freeing up U.S. aircraft carriers for other missions and in the process becoming the only major U.S. naval presence in the region from May to October.<ref name="deployment">{{cite web |url=http://www.ussnewjersey.org/general/ship_move1.htm |title=History of the USS New Jersey, BB-62 |accessdate=2007-06-01 |last=Mooney |first=James L. |work=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, Vol. V |publisher=United States Navy |pages=60–63}}</ref> Although in command of her own Battleship Battlegroup ''New Jersey'' did sail with the aircraft carriers {{USS|Ranger|CV-61}} and {{USS|Constellation|CV-64}} and {{USS|Thach|FFG-43}} while deployed in 1986.

According to a declassified command history for the nuclear-armed battleship ''New Jersey'', during her transit through the Sea of Okhotsk on 27–28 September 1986, "close passes" were made by Soviet Bear and Badger bombers, a Hormone helicopter, and a May maritime patrol airplane. A {{sclass-|Kara|cruiser}} and two ''Grisha III'' frigates also shadowed the U.S. ships. The maneuver, according to the command history, "marked the first time a U.S. battleship had operated in the Soviet Navy's backyard."<ref>{{cite journal |date=September 1988 |title=Nuclear Notebook |journal=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists |volume=5 |issue=7 |page=63 |accessdate=2011-12-26 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=swYAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=sea+of+okhotsk+uss+new+jersey#v=onepage&q=sea%20of%20okhotsk%20uss%20new%20jersey&f=false }}</ref>

Following an overhaul at Long Beach which lasted into 1988 ''New Jersey'' returned to the Pacific Ocean, this time operating as part of a surface action group. The battleship operated near the coast of Korea prior to the opening of the [[1988 Summer Olympics]] in [[Seoul, South Korea]], then departed for Australia to participate in the Australian bicentennial celebrations.<ref name="deployment"/>

In April 1989, as ''New Jersey'' was preparing for her last operational cruise, sister ship {{USS|Iowa|BB-61|2}} suffered [[USS Iowa turret explosion|a catastrophic explosion in her No. 2 gun turret]]; fallout from the incident led U.S. Naval officials to freeze [[live fire exercise]]s with the guns until the investigation into the explosion was concluded. Eventually, the ban was lifted and ''New Jersey'' was allowed to use her big guns again.<ref name="deployment"/>

''New Jersey'''s final cruise began in 1989 as part of Pacific Exercise '89. Upon completion of the exercise, ''New Jersey'' sailed through the Indian Ocean and into the Persian Gulf, in the process becoming the centerpiece for various battle groups and surface action groups. ''New Jersey'' remained in the Persian Gulf for the rest of the year, returning to the United States in February 1990.<ref name="deployment"/>

==Reserve fleet and museum ship (1991–present)==
{{Infobox NRHP
| name           = USS New Jersey (BB-62)
| nrhp_type      =
| image          = USS New Jersey BB-62 Museum Camden.JPG
| caption        = Overview of the ship from a river ferry
| location       = 62 Battleship Place<br/>[[Camden, New Jersey]]
| lat_degrees    = 39
| lat_minutes    = 56
| lat_seconds    = 21
| lat_direction  = N
| long_degrees   = 75
| long_minutes   = 7
| long_seconds   = 58
| long_direction = W
| locmapin       = USA New Jersey Camden County
| area           =
| built          = 1942
| architect      = U.S. Navy
| architecture   =
| added          = 17 September 2004<ref name=nris/>
| governing_body = Private
| refnum         = 04000980
}}
With the [[History of the Soviet Union (1985–1991)|collapse of the Soviet Union]] in the early 1990s and the lack of a perceived threat against the United States came drastic cuts to the defense budget, and the high cost of maintaining battleships as part of the active fleet became uneconomical; as a result, ''New Jersey'' was decommissioned for the final time at [[Naval Station Long Beach]], California, on 8 February 1991, with the ship serving a total of 20 years (the most of the four ''Iowa''{{'}}s) in active service.  The decision to decommission ''New Jersey'' robbed the battleship of the chance to participate in [[Operation Desert Storm]] in 1991, a military campaign to forcibly remove [[Iraq]]i [[invasion]] troops from [[Kuwait]].  Hostilities had commenced on or about 15 January 1991 and sister ships {{USS|Missouri|BB-63|2}} and {{USS|Wisconsin|BB-64|2}} were engaging Iraqi targets with Tomahawk missiles at the time of ''New Jersey''{{'}}s decommissioning. Following her decommissioning ''New Jersey'' was towed to [[Bremerton, Washington]], where she remained in reserve until struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] in January 1995.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/>

Section 1011 of the [[National Defense Authorization Act]] of 1996 required the United States Navy to reinstate to the Naval Vessel Register two of the ''Iowa''-class battleships that had been struck by the Navy in 1995; these ships were to be maintained in the United States Navy reserve fleets (or "mothball fleet"). The Navy was to ensure that both of the reinstated battleships were in good condition and could be reactivated for use in the Marine Corps' amphibious operations.<ref name="NDAA1996">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-104publ106/pdf/PLAW-104publ106.pdf |format=PDF |title=National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 1996 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate=2005-05-26 |date=10 February 1996 |page=422}}</ref> Due to {{USS|Iowa|BB-61|2}}'s damaged Turret 2 the Navy selected ''New Jersey'' for placement into the mothball fleet, even though the training mechanisms on ''New Jersey''{{'}}s 16-in guns had been welded down. The cost to fix ''New Jersey'' was considered less than the cost to fix ''Iowa'';<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> as a result, ''New Jersey'' and ''Wisconsin'' were reinstated to the Naval Vessel Register and placed back in the reserve fleet.<ref name="NDAA1996"/>
-->
[[Berkas:USSNewJersey looking aft.jpg|thumb|left|Pemandangan dek USS ''New Jersey'' pada tambatannya di Camden. Kapal perang ini disumbangkan kepada Home Port Alliance of Camden, New Jersey, untuk dipakai sebagai museum kapal perang.]]
[[Berkas:USS New Jersey Night.jpg|thumb|left|USS ''New Jersey'' pada tambatannya di Camden pada malam hari, Sept 2010.]]<!--
''New Jersey'' remained in mothball fleet until the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 passed through the [[United States Congress]] 18 October 1998. Section 1011 required the [[United States Secretary of the Navy]] to list and maintain ''Iowa'' and ''Wisconsin'' on the Naval Vessel Register, while Section 1012 required the Secretary of the Navy to strike ''New Jersey'' from the Naval Vessel Register and transfer the battleship to a not-for-profit entity in accordance with section 7306 of [[Title 10 of the United States Code|Title 10, United States Code]]. Section 1012 also required the transferee to locate the battleship in the [[New Jersey|State of New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dod.mil/dodgc/olc/docs/1999NDAA.pdf |format=PDF |title=Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |accessdate=2007-03-12 |publisher=105th Congress, United States Senate and House of Representatives |pages=200–201}}</ref> The Navy made the switch in January 1999, and on 12 September, ''New Jersey'' was towed by the tug ''Sea Victory'' from Bremerton, Washington to [[Philadelphia]], for restoration work in the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in advance of her planned donation for use as a museum.<ref name="showboat">{{cite web |url=http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/history/milestone_dates.php |title=Battleship New Jersey |publisher=Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial|accessdate=2005-05-26}}</ref>

Two competing requests for the battleships were filed, one by the USS New Jersey Battleship Commission of Bayonne, New Jersey, and one by the Home Port Alliance of Camden, New Jersey. Both teams worked hard to develop a comprehensive plan to operate and maintain the battleship as a museum. After a review of both of the submitted plans, the Navy selected the Home Port Alliance as the battleship's final resting place.-->

Secretary of the Navy Richard Danzig mengumumkan pada tanggal 20 Januari 2000,<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/docs/b01202000_bt027-00.htm |title=SECNAV announces the Battleship New Jersey donation |publisher=Office of Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs)|accessdate=2005-05-26 |date=20 January 2000 }}</ref> dan pada tanggal 15 Oktober 2000 ''New Jersey'' tiba di tempat peristirahatan terakhirnya di [[Camden Waterfront]].<ref name="awards">{{cite web |url=http://www.ussnewjersey.org/ |title=USS New Jersey Veterans Inc. |accessdate=2005-05-26 |publisher=USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc}}</ref>
<!--
Shortly after her arrival ''New Jersey'' was opened to the public, officially beginning her new career as a museum ship with the name [[Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial]]. Self-guided tours, guided group tours, and overnight encampments are offered on the floating museum.<ref>{{Cite journal | title = Visit | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/ | publisher = Battleship ''New Jersey'' | accessdate = 10 November 2012 | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. --><!--{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref> Overnight encampments, typically for the benefit of [[Scouting]] organizations, offer the opportunity to sleep and eat in the original berths and mess decks.<ref>{{Cite journal | title = Overnights | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/overnights/ | publisher = Battleship ''New Jersey'' | accessdate = 10 November 2012 | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. --><!--{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref>

''New Jersey'' has been placed on several historic registers. In 1997, while the ship was still in the mothball fleet, the New Jersey State Review Board for Historic Sites recommended that it "be listed in the New Jersey Register of Historic Places, contingent upon the transfer of the battleship to New Jersey waters."<ref>{{Cite journal |date=9 July 1997 | title = Letter to the USS New Jersey Battleship Commission | publisher = State of New Jersey, Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Parks and Forestry, Historic Preservation Office | quote=On March 26, 1997, The New Jersey State Review Board for Historic Sites favorably recommended that the Battleship ''U.S.S. New Jersey'' be listed in the New Jersey Register of Historic Places, contingent upon the transfer of the battleship to New Jersey waters from its current location in Washington State.  Once the transfer is complete, the Historic Preservation Office will expedite processing of the application for Registration. | author = Dorothy P. Guzzo, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer | url = http://army.togetherweserved.com/army/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=Profile&type=Person&ID=300584}}</ref> In 2004, the State of New Jersey officially designated the battleship as an historical place.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.state.nj.us/dep/hpo/hpb_summer2004.pdf  |format=PDF |title=Historic Preservation Bulletin |accessdate=2005-05-26 |publisher=The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection: Historic Preservation Office |year=2004|page=3}}</ref> This cleared ''New Jersey'' for placement on the [[National Register of Historic Places]], a list to which ''New Jersey'' was officially added in 2004.<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2008a}}</ref>

In early 2012 there was debate on whether or not the USS ''New Jersey'' should be moved to [[Liberty State Park]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Edward |last=Colimore |newspaper=[[The Navy Times]] |title=A new battle looms for USS New Jersey |url=http://www.navytimes.com/article/20120312/NEWS/203120308/A-new-battle-looms-battleship-New-Jersey |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=12 March 2012}}</ref> Ultimately, nothing came from the debate and the ship remains in Camden.
-->
== Penghargaan ==
Di antara penghargaan yang diterimanya, ''New Jersey'' dianugerahi [[Navy Unit Commendation]] untuk misi Vietnam, [[:enLPresidential Unit Citation (Philippines)|Presidential Unit Citation]] dari [[Filipina|Republic of the Philippines]], dan [[:en:Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)|Presidential Unit Citation]] dari [[Korea Selatan|Republic of Korea]]. Selain itu, kapal ini memperoleh sembilan bintang pertempuran dari misi [[Perang Dunia II]], empat untuk misi [[Perang Korea]], dua untuk misi [[Perang Vietnam]], dan empat untuk misi di [[Libanon]] dan wilayah [[Teluk Persia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ussnewjersey.com/hist_awd.htm Battleship |title=Battle Record of the USS New Jersey |publisher=USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. |accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> Berkat sejarah misi yang luar biasa, ''New Jersey'' merupakan kapal perang yang paling banyak mendapat penghargaan dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.<ref name="awards"/>

<center>
{|
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=award-star|ribbon=Combat Action Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Battle-e-ribbon 2nd award.png|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Expeditionary ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=China Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=American Campaign Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=9|type=service-star|ribbon=Asiatic-Pacific Campaign ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=World War II Victory Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Army of Occupation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=4|type=service-star|ribbon=Korean_Service_Medal_-_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Armed Forces Expedtionary Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=3|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=3|type=service-star|ribbon=Sea Service Deployment Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Presidential Unit Citation (Philippines).svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Presidential Unit Citation (Korea).svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam gallantry cross unit award-3d.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=Phliber rib.png|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United Nations Korea Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|width=106}}
|} </center>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|[[Combat Action Ribbon]] w/ 1 [[award star]]
|[[Navy Unit Commendation]] w/ 1 [[service star]]
|[[Navy E Ribbon]] w/ 2 [[Battle E device]]s
|[[Navy Expeditionary Medal]]
|-
|[[China Service Medal]]
|[[American Campaign Medal]]
|[[Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal]] w/ 9 service stars
|[[World War II Victory Medal (United States)|World War II Victory Medal]]
|-
|[[Navy Occupation Service Medal]]
|[[National Defense Service Medal]] w/ 2 service stars
|[[Korean Service Medal]] w/ 4 service stars
|[[Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal]] w/ 1 service star
|-
|[[Vietnam Service Medal]] w/ 3 service stars
|[[Sea Service Ribbon|Navy Sea Service Deployment Ribbon]] w/ 3 service stars
|[[Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation|Philippine Presidential Unit Citation]]
|[[Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation|Korean Presidential Unit Citation]]
|-
|[[Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)|Vietnam Gallantry Cross unit citation]]
|[[Philippine Liberation Medal]] w/ 2 service stars
|[[United Nations Korea Medal]]
|[[Vietnam Campaign Medal]]
|}

== Lihat pula ==
<!--{{Portal|Battleships}}-->
* [[:en:List of broadsides of major World War II ships|Daftar kapal Perang Dunia II]]
* [[:en:List of museum ships|Daftar museum kapal perang]]

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Pustaka ==
* [[:en:Hans Christian Adamson|Adamson, Hans Christian]], and George Francis Kosco. ''Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet.'' New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.
* Calhoun, C. Raymond. ''Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944''. ©1981.
* Comegno, Carol. ''The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth''. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9
* {{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/n4/new_jersey-ii.htm}}
* [[Edwin P Hoyt|Hoyt, Edwin Palmer]]. ''The Typhoon that Stopped a War.'' New York: D. McKay Co., 1968.
* Naval Historical Foundation. ''The Navy''. Hugh Lauter Levin Associates. ISBN 0-88363-100-8
* Paul Chan, Ian and McAuley, Rob. ''The Battleships''. Channel 4 Books, London ISBN 0-7522-6188-6
* Polmar, Norman. ''The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet.'' (2001 Naval Institute Press); ISBN 1-55750-656-6

== Pranala luar ==
<!--Note: the general style guide for this page is: 1) do not to add external links to this section if they already appear in the notes sections, and 2) do not add links that don't deal primarily with the specific ship that is the subject of this article. If you're not sure if link fits this page, you should probably ask first at the talk page. You don't HAVE to follow any of these suggestions, but if you don't your contribution may be declined. -->
{{Commons and category|USS New Jersey (BB-62)|USS New Jersey (BB-62)}}
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS ''New Jersey'']
* [http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/ Battleship New Jersey museum]
* [http://www.nj2bb.org/ Battleship New Jersey Amateur Radio Station]
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_new_jersey_bb62.htm Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html USS New Jersey] Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey
* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey]
* [http://ww2db.com/photo.php?source=all&color=all&list=search&foreigntype=S&foreigntype_id=6 WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey], date range 1943–2004
* [http://www.hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. ''New Jersey'' (BB-62), Iowa Class], hosted by the [http://www.hnsa.org/ Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections]

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[[Kategori:Kapal perang Amerika Serikat]]