Lihat sumber Menara Belém

{{Geobox|Building
| name                = Menara Belém
| native_name         = Torre de Belém
| other_name          = Menara [[Vicente dari Saragossa|Santo Vincentius]]
| category            = Perbentengan
| native_category     = Forte
| image               = Torre Belém April 2009-4a.jpg
| image_caption       = Pemandangan Menara Belém dari tepi Sungai Tagus
| image_size          = 235
| official_name       = Torre de [[Vicente dari Saragossa|São Vicente]]
| etymology           = ''torre de belém'' dalam bahasa Portugis berarti ''menara Bethlehem'';
| country             = {{flag|Portugal}}
| state_type          = Region
| state               = [[Region Lisboa|Lisbon]]
| region_type         = Sub-region
| region              = [[Subregion Grande Lisboa|Grande Lisboa]]
| district            = [[Distrik Lisbon|Lisbon]]
| municipality        = [[Lisbon]]
| location            = [[Santa Maria de Belém]]
| elevation           = 6
| coordinates         = {{coord|38|41|29.72|N|9|12|57.55|W|type:landmark_region:PT|display=inline,title}}
| length              = 
| length_orientation  = 
| width               = 
| width_orientation   = 
| height              = 
| author_type         = Arsitek
| author              = Francisco de Arruda
| style               = Manuelin
| material            = [[Batu kapur|Pedra Lioz (batu kapur)]]
| material1           = Ubin
| material2           = Kayu
| established         = Sekitar tahun 1514
| established_type    = Asal usul
| established1        = Sekitar tahun 1515
| established1_type   = Diprakarsai
| established2        = 1519
| established2_type   = Diselesaikan
| owner               = Republik Portugal
| public              = Publik
| visitation          = Ditutup
| visitation_date     = Senin dan pada tanggal [[Tahun Baru|1 Januari]], [[Minggu Paskah]], [[Hari Mei|1 Mei]] dan [[Natal|25 Desember]]
| access              = Avenida da Brasília
| iucn_category       = iii
| free                = [[IGESPAR|Instituto Gestão do Patrimonio Arquitectónico e Arqueológico]]
| free_type           = Manajemen
| free1               = Centro de eLearning do Instituto Politécnico de Tomar (IPT) e Área
| free1_type          = Pengelola
| free2               = 10:00-17:30
| free2_type          = Oktober–April
| free3               = 10:00-18:30
| free3_type          = Mei–September
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| pushpin_map         = Lisbon
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of the Belém Tower within the municipality of Lisbon
| commons             = Torre de Belém
| website             = {{URL|http://www.torrebelem.pt/}}
| footnotes           = {{Infobox World Heritage Site|child=yes}}
}}
'''Menara Belém''' ({{lang-pt|Torre de Belém|links=no}}, {{IPA-pt|ˈtoʁ(ɨ) dɨ bɨˈlɐ̃ȷ̃|pron}}) atau '''Menara Santo Vincentius'''<ref name="Watson">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x7ogAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA181&dq=%28tower+OR+torre%29+belem&lr=&as_brr=1&cd=30#v=onepage&q=%28tower%20OR%20torre%29%20belem&f=false|title=Portuguese architecture|author=Walter Crum Watson|publisher=A. Constable & Co. Ltd.|pages=181–182|year=1908|accessdate=14 December 2009}}</ref> adalah sebuah menara benteng yang terletak di kawasan [[Belém (Lisbon)|Santa Maria de Belém]] di munisipalitas [[Lisboa]], [[Portugal]]. Menara ini merupakan [[Situs Warisan Dunia]] [[UNESCO]] (bersama dengan [[Biara Jerónimos]] yang terletak tidak jauh dari menara ini)<ref name="UNESCO">{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/263|author=UNESCO|title=Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belém in Lisbon|publisher=[[United Nations]]|accessdate=7 December 2009}}</ref> berkat peran yang dimainkan oleh menara ini selama periode penjelajahan laut Portugal.<ref name="UNESCO eval">{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/263bis.pdf|author=International Council on Monuments and Sites|title=Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belém in Lisbon (Portugal)|year=2008|accessdate=7 December 2009}}</ref> Pembangunan menara ini diperintahkan oleh Raja [[João II dari Portugal]] dan merupakan bagian dari sistem pertahanan di mulut [[Sungai Tagus]]. Menara ini juga berperan sebagai pintu masuk keupacaraan ke kota Lisbon.<ref name="UNESCO eval"/>

Menara yang dibangun pada awal abad ke-16 ini merupakan salah satu contoh penting arsitektur [[Manuelin]] Portugis,<ref name="Lach">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRkGQihCeyoC&pg=PA61&dq=tower+of+belem+Asia+in+the+making+of+Europe+great+monuments&cd=1#v=onepage&q=tower%20of%20belem%20Asia%20in%20the%20making%20of%20Europe%20great%20monuments&f=false|title=Asia in the making of Europe|author=Donald F. Lach|author-link=Donald F. Lach|publisher=University of Chicago Press|pages=57–64|isbn=0-226-46730-9|year=1994|accessdate=14 December 2009}}</ref> walaupun pada saat yang sama menara ini juga memadukan gaya-gaya arsitektur lainnya.<ref name="Portugal tourism">{{cite web|url=http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/9B1FEFC5-B5A7-46DB-8072-69E87F1D9E1F,frameless.htm|author=Turismo de Portugal (Portugal Tourism)|title=Torre de Belém|accessdate=7 December 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717090116/http://www.visitportugal.com/NR/exeres/9B1FEFC5-B5A7-46DB-8072-69E87F1D9E1F%2Cframeless.htm|archivedate=17 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Struktur ini terbuat dari batu karpur dan terdiri dari sebuah [[selekoh]] dan menara empat lantai setinggi 30 m.<ref name="Watson"/> Terdapat kesalahpahaman bahwa menara ini dibangun di tengah Sungai Tagus dan kini berada di tepi sungai karena aliran sungai berubah akibat [[gempa bumi Lisboa 1755]], tetapi sebenarnya menara ini dibangun di atas sebuah pulau kecil di Sungai Tagus di dekat pesisir Lisboa.<ref name="Portugal tourism"/><ref name="IPPAR">{{cite web|url=http://www.igespar.pt/en/patrimonio/mundial/portugal/110/|title=World Heritage: Jerónimos and Tower of Belém|author=IGESPAR – Instituto de Gestão do Património Arquitectónico e Arqueológico (Portuguese Institute of Architectural and Archaeological Heritage)|year=2006|accessdate=8 December 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107074304/http://www.igespar.pt/en/patrimonio/mundial/portugal/110/|archivedate=7 November 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Catatan kaki ==
{{reflist}}

== Daftar pustaka ==
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{{refend}}
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[[Kategori:Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO di Portugal]]
[[Kategori:Monumen nasional di Portugal]]
[[Kategori:Bangunan dan struktur di Lisboa]]
[[Kategori:Arsitektur Manuelin]]
[[Kategori:Benteng di Portugal]]
[[Kategori:Arsitektur Gothik di Portugal]]
[[Kategori:Menara di Portugal]]
[[Kategori:Tujuan wisata di Portugal]]