Lihat sumber Asia Barat

:''Untuk penjelasan mengenai sejarah negara-negara di Asia Barat, lihat [[Sejarah Timur Tengah]]''

{{Infobox
|bodyclass = geography
|above = Asia Barat
|image = [[Berkas:Western Asia (orthographic projection).svg|200px|Map of Western Asia]]
|label1 = Luas Wilayah
|data1 = 6.255.160 km<sup>2</sup><br />(2.415.131 mp) <sup>1</sup>
|label2 = Populasi
|data2 = 313.428.000 <sup>1</sup>
|label3 = Kepadatan
|data3 = {{convert|50.1|/km2|abbr=on}}
|label4 = Negara
|data4 = {{Collapsible list|title=19-21|titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|{{flag|Arab Saudi}}|{{flag|Armenia}}|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}|{{flag|Bahrain}}|{{flag|Georgia}}|{{flag|Iran}}|{{flag|Irak}}|{{flag|Israel}}|{{flag|Kuwait}}|{{flag|Lebanon}}|{{flag|Oman}}|{{flag|Qatar}}|{{flag|Siprus}}|{{flag|Suriah}}|{{flag|Turki}}|{{flag|UEA}}|{{flag|Yaman}}|{{flag|Palestina}}|{{flag|Yordania}}}}
|label5 = {{nowrap|PDB nominal}}
|data5 = $2,742 triliun (2010) <sup>2</sup>
|label6 = {{nowrap|PDB per kapita}}
|data6 = $8748 (2010) <sup>2</sup>
|label7 = Zona waktu
|data7 = [[UTC+02:00|UTC+2]] sampai [[UTC+05:00|UTC+5]]
|label8 = Sebutan
|data8 = West Asian <small>(Bahasa Inggris)</small><br />Gharb Asiawyn <small>(Bahasa Arab)</small>
|label9 = Bahasa
|data9 = [[Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]], [[Bahasa Adyghe language|Adyghe]], [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]], [[Bahasa Aram|Aramaik]], [[Bahasa Armenia|Armenia]], [[Bahasa Avar|Avar]], [[Bahasa Azeri|Azeri]], [[Bahasa Chechnya|Chechnya]], [[Bahasa Georgia|Georgia]], [[Bahasa Gilaki|Gilaki]], [[Bahasa Ibrani|Ibrani]], [[Bahasa Kabardia|Kabardia]], [[Bahasa Kurdi|Kurdi]], [[Bahasa Lezgian|Lezgin]], [[Bahasa Luri language|Luri]], [[Bahasa Mazanderani|Mazanderani]], [[Bahasa Ossetia|Ossetia]], [[Bahasa Persia|Persia]], [[Bahasa Turki|Turki]], [[Bahasa Yunani|Yunani]], [[Bahasa Zazak|Zazak]]
|label10 = Kota-kota terbesar
|data10 = {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Tehran]]<br />{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Istanbul]]*<br />{{flagicon|Irak}} [[Baghdad]]<br />{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} [[Riyadh]]<br />{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Ankara]]
|label11 = Pusat Wilayah
|data11 = {{UAE}}
|label12 = Catatan
|data12 = <sup>1</sup><small>Termasuk subwilayah PBB dan [[Semenanjung Sinai]].</small><br /><sup>2</sup><small>Termasuk subwilayah PBB.</small><br /><sup>*</sup><small>Sebagian terletak di Eropa.</small>
}}

'''Asia Barat''' atau '''Asia Barat Daya''' adalah wilayah bagian sebelah barat benua [[Asia]], terdiri dari negara-negara wilayah [[Timur Tengah]] dan [[Timur Dekat]] yang berada di benua Asia. Istilah "Asia Barat" lebih sering digunakan dalam tulisan mengenai arkeologi dan masa prasejarah kawasan itu.

Para ahli geografi terusik dengan ambiguitas istilah "[[Timur Tengah]]" yang lebih populer daripada "Asia Barat". Negara seperti [[India]] lebih suka menggunakan istilah "Asia Barat", kemungkinan karena istilah "Timur Tengah" lebih [[Keeropaan]] atau ''Eurosentris''. Namun ada kalangan yang menganggap Timur Tengah juga meliputi negara-negara di [[Afrika Utara]] atau paling tidak negara [[Mesir]] saja.

== Sejarah ==
{{See also|Sejarah Timur Tengah}}
Peradaban-peradaban terawal di dunia berkembang di Asia Barat. Selama hampir tiga millennia, wilayah ini telah disatukan di bawah satu atau dua negara kuat; setiap satunya mewarisi yang sebelumnya, di beberapa saat merupakan sistem kerakyatan dengan basis barat maupun timur. Negara-negara utama seperti ini adalah [[Kekaisaran Asiria Baru]], [[Kekaisaran Babilonia Baru]], [[Kekaisaran Akhemeniyah]], Dua Kerajaan Yahudi kuno ([[Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)|Israel]]-[[Kerajaan Yehuda|Yehuda]]), [[Kekaisaran Seleukia]], [[Kekaisaran Parthia]], [[Kekaisaran Sasaniyah]], [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]], [[Kekhalifahan Umayyah]], [[Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah]], [[Dinasti Safawiyah]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah|Dinasti Afsharidiyah]] dan [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]].

== Geografi ==
Asia Barat terletak di selatan [[Eropa Timur]]. Wilayah ini dikelilingi tujuh laut utama; [[Laut Aegea]], [[Laut Hitam]], [[Laut Kaspia]],<ref>Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb.(201). Caspian Sea. Robert Warren Howarth (ed.), ''Biomes & Ecosystems''. Ipswich, MA: Salem Press, pp. 37–39.</ref> [[Teluk Persia]],<ref>Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb. 2013. ''Persian Gulf Desert and Semi-desert''. Robert Warren Howarth (ed.), Biomes & Ecosystems. Ipswich, MA: Salem Press, pp. 34–36.</ref> [[Laut Arab]], [[Laut Merah]], dan [[Laut Tengah]].

Ke utara, wilayah ini dibatasi dari [[Eropa]] oleh pegunungan [[Kaukasus Besar]], ke barat daya, wilayah ini dibatasi dari [[Afrika]] oleh [[Tanah genting]] [[Suez]], sementara ke timur, wilayah ini berbatasan dengan [[Asia Tengah]] dan [[Asia Selatan]]. Gurun [[Dasht-e Kavir]] dan Dasht-e Lut di [[Iran]] timur secara alami agak membatasi wilayah ini dari keseluruhan [[Asia]] sendiri.

== Data umum ==
Berbagai negara dan wilayah yang termasuk dalam Asia Barat adalah:
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;width:100%;"
|- style="background:#ececec;"
! [[Negara]]
![[Daftar negara menurut luas wilayah|Luas]]<br/>(km²)
![[Daftar negara menurut jumlah penduduk|Populasi]]<br/>(2010)
![[Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk|Kepadatan populasi]]<br/>(per km²)
![[Ibu kota|Ibukota]]
! Kota terbesar
![[Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)|Nominal GDP]]<ref>{{cite web|title=International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011: Nominal GDP list of countries. Data for the year 2010.|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=17&pr.y=2&sy=2010&ey=2010&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C869%2C436%2C746%2C136%2C926%2C343%2C466%2C158%2C112%2C439%2C111%2C916%2C298%2C664%2C927%2C826%2C846%2C542%2C299%2C967%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]|accessdate=2011-09-15}}</ref><br/>(2010)
![[Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB) per kapita|Per kapita]]<ref>{{cite web|title=International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011. Data for the year 2010.|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=40&pr.y=3&sy=2009&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C869%2C436%2C746%2C136%2C926%2C343%2C466%2C158%2C112%2C439%2C111%2C916%2C298%2C664%2C927%2C826%2C846%2C542%2C299%2C967%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a=|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]|accessdate=2011-09-15}}</ref><br />(2010)
! [[Mata uang]]
! [[Pemerintah]]an
! [[Bahasa Resmi]]
![[Lambang negara|Lambang]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Anatolia]]''':
|-
|{{flag|Turki}}<sup>1</sup>
| style="text-align:right;"| 783,562
| style="text-align:right;"| 73,722,988
| style="text-align:right;"| 94.1
| [[Ankara]]
| [[Istanbul]]
| $741.85 miliar
| $10,399
| [[Lira Turki Baru]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer|parlementer]]
| [[Bahasa Turki|Turki]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Turkey.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Jazirah Arab]]''':
|-
| {{flag|Arab Saudi}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,960,582
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,136,977
| style="text-align:right;"| 12
| [[Riyadh]]
| Riyadh
| $443.69 miliar
| $16,996
| [[Riyal Saudi]]
| [[Monarki mutlak]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Saudi Arabia.svg|65x65px]]
|-
| {{flag|Bahrain}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 665
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,234,596
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,646.1
| [[Manama]]
| Manama
| $22.66 miliar
| $20,475
| [[Dinar Bahrain]]
| [[Monarki konstitusional]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Bahrain.svg|61x61px]]
|-
| {{flag|Kuwait}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,820
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,566,437
| style="text-align:right;"| 167.5
| [[Kota Kuwait]]
| Kota Kuwait
| $131.32 miliar
| $36,412
| [[Dinar Kuwait]]
| [[Monarki konstitusional]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Kuwait.svg|68x68px]]
|-
| {{flag|Oman}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 212,460
| style="text-align:right;"| 2,694,094
| style="text-align:right;"| 9.2
| [[Muskat]]
| Muskat
| $55.62 miliar
| $18,657
|[[Rial Oman|Riyal Oman]]
| [[Monarki mutlak]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:National emblem of Oman.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| {{flag|Qatar}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 11,437
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,696,563
| style="text-align:right;"| 123.2
| [[Doha]]
| Doha
| $129.49 miliar
| $76,168
| [[Riyal Qatar]]
| [[Monarki mutlak]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Qatar.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| {{flag|Uni Emirat Arab}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 82,880
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,264,070
| style="text-align:right;"| 97
| [[Abu Dhabi]]
| [[Dubai]]
| $301.88 miliar
| $59,717
| [[Dirham Uni Emirat Arab|Dirham UEA]]
| [[Monarki konstitusional]]-[[Federasi]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of the United Arab Emirates.svg|77x77px]]
|-
| {{flag|Yaman}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 527,970
| style="text-align:right;"| 23,580,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 44.7
| [[Sana'a]]
| Sana'a
| $31.27 miliar
| $1,282
|[[Rial Yaman|Riyal Yaman]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Yemen.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Kaukasus Selatan]]''':
|-
|{{flag|Armenia}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 29,800
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,262,200
| style="text-align:right;"| 108.4
| [[Yerevan]]
| Yerevan
| $9.39 miliar
| $3,032
| [[Dram Armenia]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Armenia|Armenia]]
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Armenia.svg|60x60px]]
|-
|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 86,600
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,165,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 105.8
| [[Baku]]
| Baku
| $62.321 miliar
| $6,832
| [[Manat Azerbaijan]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Azeri|Azeri]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Azerbaijan.svg|65x65px]]
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 69,700
| style="text-align:right;"| 4,636,400
| style="text-align:right;"| 68.1
| [[Tbilisi]]
| Tbilisi
| $14.67 miliar
| $3,210
| [[Lari Georgia]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem semipresidensial|semi-presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Georgia|Georgia]]
|[[Berkas:Greater coat of arms of Georgia.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Hilal Subur]]''':
|-
| {{flag|Irak}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 438,317
| style="text-align:right;"| 31,672,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 73.5
| [[Baghdad]]
| Baghdad
| $82.15 miliar
| $2,564
| [[Dinar Irak]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer|parlementer]]-[[Federasi]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]], [[Bahasa Kurdi|Kurdi]]
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Iraq (2008).svg|83x83px]]
|-
| {{flag|Israel}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,770
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,653,600
| style="text-align:right;"| 365.3
| [[Tel Aviv]]
| [[Yerusalem]]
| $213.15 miliar
| $28,686
| [[Shekel baru Israel]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer|parlementer]]
| [[Bahasa Ibrani|Ibrani]], [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Israel.svg|74x74px]]
|-
| {{flag|Lebanon}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 10,452
| style="text-align:right;"| 4,228,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 404
| [[Beirut]]
| Beirut
| $39.25 miliar
| $10,044
| [[Pound Lebanon]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer|parlementer]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Lebanon.svg|73x73px]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Palestina}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 6,220
| style="text-align:right;"| {{UN_Population|State of Palestine}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 667
| [[Yerusalem Timur]]<sup>3</sup>
| [[Gaza]]
| $6.6 billion
| $1,600
| [[Pound Mesir]], [[Dinar Yordania]], [[Shekel baru Israel]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem semipresidensial|semi-presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
| [[Berkas:Palestine COA (alternative).svg]]
|-
| {{flag|Suriah}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 185,180
| style="text-align:right;"| 23,695,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 118.3
| [[Damaskus]]
| [[Aleppo]]
| $59.33 miliar
| $2,877
| [[Pound Suriah]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Syria.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| {{flag|Yordania}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 92,300
| style="text-align:right;"| 6,318,677
| style="text-align:right;"| 68.4
| [[Amman]]
| Amman
| $27.53 miliar
| $4,500
| [[Dinar Yordania]]
| [[Monarki konstitusional]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Jordan.svg|79x79px]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Dataran Tinggi Iran|Dataran tinggi Iran]]''':
|-
| {{flag|Iran}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,648,195
| style="text-align:right;"| 78,868,711
| style="text-align:right;"| 45
| [[Teheran]]
| Teheran
| $357.22 miliar
| $4,741
| [[Rial Iran]]
| [[Republik Islam]]
| [[Bahasa Persia|Persia]]
|[[Berkas:Emblem of Iran.svg|60x60px]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Laut Tengah]]''':
|-
| {{flag|Siprus}}
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,250
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,088,503
| style="text-align:right;"| 117
| [[Nikosia]]
| Nikosia
| $23.17 miliar
| $28,237
| [[Euro]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Yunani|Yunani]], [[Bahasa Turki|Turki]]
|[[Berkas:Cyprus coat of arms 2006.svg|61x61px]]
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Semenanjung Sinai]]''':
|-
| {{flag|Mesir}} <sup>2</sup>
| style="text-align:right;"| 61,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 850,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 82
| [[Kairo]]
| Kairo
| $218.47 miliar
| $2,789
| [[Pound Mesir]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg|82x82px]]
|-
| colspan="12" |
'''Notes:'''

<small><sup>1</sup> Termasuk [[Trakia]] timur yang bukan merupakan bagian dari [[Anatolia]].<br /><sup>2</sup> Hanya meliputi [[Semenanjung Sinai]].<br />
|}

[[Anatolia]], [[Jazirah Arab]], [[Levant]] (Syam), dan [[Mesopotamia]] adalah bagian dari wilayah Asia Barat.

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Bagiandunia}}
{{geo-stub}}

[[Kategori:Asia Barat| ]]
[[Kategori:Kawasan Asia]]
[[Kategori:Geografi Asia Barat]]