Lihat sumber Makemake (planet katai)

{{redirect|Makemake}}
{{Infobox Planet
|bgcolour = #FFFFC0
|name = Makemake
|symbol = [[Berkas:Makemake symbol (bold).svg|24px|🝼]]
|image = [[Berkas:Makemake with moon.png|300px]]
|caption = Makemake dilihat oleh [[teleskop luar angkasa Hubble]]
|discovery = yes
|discoverer = [[Michael E. Brown]],{{br}}[[Chad Trujillo]],{{br}}[[David Rabinowitz]]
|discovered = 31 Maret 2005
|mp_name = (136472) Makemake
|alt_names = {{mp|2005 FY|9}}
|mp_category = [[planet katai]], [[plutoid]], [[objek Trans-Neptunus|TNO]] ([[cubewano]])<ref name="MPEC2009-P26">{{Cite web|title=MPEC 2009-P26 :Distant Minor Planets (2009 AUG. 17.0 TT) |publisher=IAU Minor Planet Center |date=2009-08-07 |url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.org/mpec/K09/K09P26.html |accessdate=2009-08-28}}</ref>
|orbit_ref = <ref name=Buie>{{Cite web|author=[[Marc W. Buie]]|date=2008-04-05|title=Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 136472|publisher=SwRI (Space Science Department)|url=http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/136472.html|accessdate=2008-07-13}}</ref><ref name=jpldata>{{Cite web|date=2010-01-26|last obs|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 136472 ({{mp|2005 FY|9}})|work=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=136472|accessdate=2008-06-11}}</ref>
|epoch = 28 Januari 1955 ([[hari Julian]] 2&nbsp;435&nbsp;135,5)
|aphelion = 7.939,7&nbsp;[[Meter|Gm]] (53,074&nbsp;[[satuan astronomi|sa]])
|perihelion = 5.760,8&nbsp;Gm (38,509&nbsp;sa)
|semimajor = 6.850,3&nbsp;Gm (45,791&nbsp;sa)
|semiminor =
|orbital_circ =
|eccentricity = 0,159
|period = 113,183&nbsp;[[hari]] (309,88 [[tahun Julian (astronomi)|tahun]])
|avg_speed = 4,419&nbsp;km/[[detik|det]]
|inclination = 28,96[[derajat (sudut)|°]]
|asc_node = 79,382°
|arg_peri = 298,41°
|mean_anomaly = 85,13°
|physical_characteristics = yes
|axial_tilt = ''tak diketahui''
|sidereal_day = ''tak diketahui''
|dimensions = 1.300–1.900 km
|mean_radius = 750<sup>+200</sup>&nbsp;km<ref name="Stansberry 2007">{{Cite journal|author = J. Stansberry, W. Grundy, M. Brown, ''et al.''|title=Physical Properties of Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects: Constraints from Spitzer Space Telescope|id={{arxiv|astro-ph/0702538}}|journal = The Solar System beyond Neptune|publisher = University of Arizona Press|date=February 2007|accessdate=2008-08-04}}</ref>
|surface_area = ~7.000.000&nbsp;km²<!-- {{Ref_label|F|f|none}} -->
|volume = ~1,8{{Esp|9}}&nbsp;km³<!-- {{Ref_label|E|e|none}} -->
|mass = ~4{{Esp|21}}&nbsp;kg
|density = ~2&nbsp;g/[[kubik|cm³]] (asumsi)
|surface_grav = ~0,47&nbsp;m/s²<!-- {{Ref_label|H|h|none}} -->
|escape_velocity = ~0,84&nbsp;km/s<!-- {{Ref_label|I|i|none}} -->
|albedo=78,2<sup>+10,3</sup> ([[albedo geometrik|geometrik]])<ref name="Stansberry 2007"/>
|single_temperature = 30–35&nbsp;K {{Ref_label|D|d|none}}(asumsi albedo yang sama)
|abs_magnitude=-0,48<ref name=jpldata/>
|magnitude = 16,7 (oposisi)<ref name=AstDys>{{cite web
  |title=AstDys (136472) Makemake Ephemerides
  |publisher=Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy
  |url=http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.0&n=Makemake
  |accessdate=2009-03-19}}</ref><ref name=Horizons>{{Cite web|title = Asteroid 136472 Makemake (2005 FY9)|work=HORIZONS Web-Interface|publisher=JPL Solar System Dynamics|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=2005FY9|accessdate=2008-07-01}}</ref>
}}
'''Makemake''' ([[Simbol planet|simbol]]: [[File:Makemake symbol (fixed width).svg|16px]];<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/what-is-a-dwarf-planet |author= JPL/NASA |date= 2015-04-22  |website= Jet Propulsion Laboratory |title= What is a Dwarf Planet? |access-date= 2022-01-19}}</ref> {{pron-en|ˌmɑːkiːˈmɑːkiː}}, atau dalam [[bahasa Rapanui|Rapanui]] {{Audio-IPA|en-us-Makemake.ogg|[ˈmakeˈmake]}}<ref name=Craig2004>{{cite book|author=Robert D. Craig|year=2004|pages=63|title= Handbook of Polynesian Mythology|isbn=1576078949|url=http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=LOZuirJWXvUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA63&dq=makemake&ots=xyXfFytGAc&sig=9Bgeo5m2_e3gzZb4ZnD0VpEdyWo#PPA63,M1|publisher=ABC-CLIO|accessdate=2008-07-14}}</ref>), secara resmi disebut '''(136472)&nbsp;Makemake''', adalah [[planet katai]] di [[Tata Surya]] yang terletak di [[sabuk Kuiper]]. Diameter planet katai ini kira-kira sekitar tiga per empat [[Pluto]].<ref name="brown">{{cite web|title=The discovery of {{mp|2003 UB|313}} Eris, the 10th planet largest known dwarf planet|author=Michael E. Brown|work=California Institute of Technology|year=2006|url= http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/planetlila/|accessdate=2008-07-14}}</ref> Makemake tidak memiliki satelit. Rata-rata suhunya yang sangat rendah (sekitar 30 K) menunjukkan bahwa lapisan Makemake terdiri dari [[metana]], [[etana]] dan kemungkinan es nitrogen.<ref name="brown" />

== Nama ==
Nama '''Makemake''' berasal dari nama dewa pencipta dan kesuburan di [[Pulau Paskah]].<ref name=name>{{cite web|date=2008-11-07 <!--11:42:58-->|title=Dwarf Planets and their Systems|work= Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)|url=http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/append7.html#DwarfPlanets|accessdate=2008-07-13|publisher= U.S. Geological Survey}}</ref>

== Satelit ==
{{Infobox planet|minorplanet=no <!-- enables features for minor planets -->|extrasolarplanet=no <!-- enables features for extrasolar planets -->|name=S/2015 (136472) 1|symbol=<!--[[File:...|14px]]-->|image=File:Makemake with moon.JPG|image_alt=|caption=Makemake dan bulannya|background=<!-- #FFFFC0 -->|discovery_ref=<ref name = "ParkerA2016"/>|discoverer={{plainlist |
* HST/[[Wide Field Camera 3]]
* Alex Parker
* [[Marc William Buie|Marc Buie]]
* Will Grundy
* Keith Noll
 }}|discovery_site=|discovered=April 2015|discovery_method=|designations=<!-- Defunct. Do not use it. Remove it from existing templates -->|mpc_name=|pronounced=<!--{{IPAc-en||}}-->|named_after=|alt_names=MK2 (tidak resmi)<ref name="hubblesite"/>|mp_category=|adjectives=|orbit_ref=<ref name = "ParkerA2016"/>|orbit_diagram=<!-- [[File:...|260px]]-->|epoch=|uncertainty=|observation_arc=|apsis=|aphelion=|perihelion=|periastron=|apoastron=|periapsis=|apoapsis=|semimajor=>21,000 km|mean_orbit_radius=|eccentricity=Tidak diketahui|period=>12.4 hari|synodic_period=|avg_speed=<!--(Average orbital speed)-->|mean_anomaly=|mean_motion=<!--(Instantaneous orbital mean motion)-->|inclination=|angular_dist=<!--(Angular distance)-->|asc_node=<!--(Longitude of ascending node)-->|long_periastron=<!--(Longitude of periastron)-->|time_periastron=<!--(Time of periastron)-->|arg_peri=<!--(Argument of peri[helion/astron/...])-->|semi-amplitude=|satellite_of=Makemake|satellites=|moid=<!--(Earth MOID only)-->|mercury_moid=|venus_moid=|mars_moid=|jupiter_moid=|saturn_moid=|uranus_moid=|neptune_moid=|tisserand=<!--(Jupiter Tisserand parameter)-->|p_orbit_ref=<ref name = "ParkerA2016"/>|p_semimajor=|p_eccentricity=|p_inclination=|p_mean_motion=<!--(Proper orbital mean motion)-->|perihelion_rate=<!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)-->|node_rate=<!--(Proper nodal precession rate)-->|dimensions=|mean_radius=~&nbsp;87.5 km <ref name="ParkerA2016"/>|equatorial_radius=|polar_radius=|flattening=|circumference=|surface_area=|volume=|mass=|density=|surface_grav=<!--(Equatorial surface gravity)-->|moment_of_inertia_factor=<!--(Moment of inertia factor)-->|escape_velocity=|sidereal_day=|rot_velocity=<!--(Rotational velocity)-->|rotation=<!--(Rotation period)-->|axial_tilt=|right_asc_north_pole=<!--(North pole right ascension)-->|declination=<!--(North pole declination)-->|pole_ecliptic_lat=<!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)-->|pole_ecliptic_lon=<!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)-->|albedo=~&nbsp;0.1<br>0.04<ref name="ParkerA2016"/>|single_temperature=|temp_name1=|min_temp_1=|mean_temp_1=|max_temp_1=|temp_name2=|min_temp_2=|mean_temp_2=|max_temp_2=|temp_name3=|min_temp_3=|mean_temp_3=|max_temp_3=|temp_name4=|min_temp_4=|mean_temp_4=|max_temp_4=|spectral_type=|family=|magnitude=25.1|abs_magnitude=<!--(Absolute magnitude)-->|angular_size=|atmosphere_ref=|surface_pressure=|scale_height=|atmosphere_composition=|note=}}'''S/2015 (136472) 1''', dijuluki '''MK2''' oleh tim penemu,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2016/news-2016-18.html|title=HubbleSite – NewsCenter – Hubble Discovers Moon Orbiting the Dwarf Planet Makemake (04/26/2016) – The Full Story"|last=|first=|date=|website=hubblesite.org|access-date=17/08/2019}}</ref> adalah satu-satunya bulan Makemake yang diketahui.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Noll|first=Keith S.|last2=Grundy|first2=Will M.|last3=Buie|first3=Marc W.|last4=Parker|first4=Alex H.|date=2016-04-25|title=Discovery of a Makemakean Moon|url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.07461v1|language=en|doi=10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L9}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Makemake, the Moonless Dwarf Planet, Has a Moon After All|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/27/science/makemake-the-moonless-dwarf-planet-has-a-moon-after-all.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=2016-04-26|access-date=2019-08-17|issn=0362-4331|language=en-US|first=Kenneth|last=Chang}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2016/0502-a-moon-for-makemake.html|title=A Moon for Makemake|last=Parker|first=A.|date=2016-05-02|website=Planetary Society blogs. Planetary Society.|language=en|access-date=2019-08-17}}</ref>

== Pranala luar ==
* [http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/mpec/K05/K05O42.html MPEC listing for Makemake]
* [http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/cgi-bin/astdys/astibo?objects:Makemake;main AstDys] orbital elements
* [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=136472;orb=1;view=Far Orbital simulation] from JPL (Java) / [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=136472 Ephemeris]
* [http://www.ing.iac.es:8080/PR/press/2005FY9.html Press release] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913063716/http://www.ing.iac.es:8080/PR/press/2005FY9.html |date=2019-09-13 }} from [[WHT]] and [[Telescopio Nazionale Galileo|TNG]] on Makemake's similarity to Pluto.
* [http://mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/blobrana/database/2005FY9.htm Makemake chart and Orbit Viewer]
* [http://www.klet.org/klenot/html/k05f09y.html Precovery image] with the 1.06 m [[Kleť Observatory]] telescope on 2003 April 20
* [http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080716.html Makemake of the Outer Solar System] [[Astronomy Picture of the Day|APOD]] July 15, 2008
* [http://www.orbitsimulator.com/gravity/articles/newtno.html Simulation of Makemake ({{mp|2005 FY|9}})'s orbit]

== Catatan kaki ==

{{reflist}}{{Minor planets navigator|[[(136471) 2005 FJ7]]|[[136472 Makemake]]|[[136473 Bakosgáspár]]}}{{Planet katai}}{{Satelit planet katai}}{{Objek trans-Neptunus}}{{Satelit di Tata Surya (padat)}}{{Tata surya}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Makemake}}
[[Kategori:Planet katai]]
[[Kategori:Objek trans-Neptunus]]
[[Kategori:Objek astronomi yang ditemukan tahun 2005]]


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