Lihat sumber Perang Gaza (2008–2009)

{{Infobox Military Conflict
|conflict=Konflik Israel-Gaza 2008-2009
|partof=[[Konflik Israel-Palestina]]
|image=[[Berkas:Gaza conflict map.png|300px]]
|caption=Wilayah konflik
|date=27 Desember 2008–18 Januari 2009
|place=[[Jalur Gaza]] & [[Distrik Selatan (Israel)|Israel Selatan]]
|casus= Serangan [[roket Qassam]] terhadap [[Sderot]] dan [[Kibbutzim]] sekitarnya.
|result=Israel dan Hamas saling menyatakan (dengan sepihak) gencatan senjata
|combatant1={{negaranama|Israel}}
|combatant2=[[Berkas:Flag of Hamas.svg|22px]] [[Hamas]]{{br}}[[Berkas:PFLP svg.png|22px]] [[PFLP (Palestina)|Front Rakyat bagi Pembebasan Palestina]] {{br}} [[Berkas:PIJ emblem.png|22px]] [[Jihad Islam Palestina]] [http://english.aljazeera.net/mritems/Images//2009/1/20/200912091554774734_8.jpg][http://www.pflp.ps/english/?q=pflp-our-position-ceasefire-calm-and-weapons-resis]{{br}} 
|commander1= {{negara|Israel}} [[Ehud Barak]] {{br}} {{negara|Israel}} [[Gabi Ashkenazi]] {{br}} {{flagicon|Israel}} [[Ido Nehoshtan]] ([[Israeli Air Force|IAF]]){{br}} {{flagicon|Israel}} [[Eli Marom]] ([[Israeli Navy|ISC]]){{br}} {{flagicon|Israel}} [[Yoav Galant]] ([[Southern Command (Israel)|SoCom]]){{br}} {{flagicon|Israel}} [[Yair Golan]] ([[Home Front Command|HFC]]) {{br}}
|commander2= [[Berkas:Flag of Hamas.svg|22px]] [[Ismail Haniyeh]] {{br}} [[Berkas:Flag of Hamas.svg|22px]] [[Mahmoud az-Zahar]] {{br}} [[Berkas:Flag of Hamas.svg|22px]] [[Ahmed al-Ja'abari]] {{br}} [[Berkas:Flag of Hamas.svg|22px]] [[Osama Mazini]] {{br}} [[Berkas:PFLP svg.png|22px]] [[Ahmed Jibril]] {{br}} [[Berkas:PIJ emblem.png|22px]] [[Abdullah Shallah]] 
|strength1=176.500 tentara reguler (total)<ref name="INSS">[http://www.inss.org.il/upload/(FILE)1206270841.pdf The Institute for National Security Studies", chapter Israel], 23 Maret 2008.</ref>
|strength2=10.000<ref>Artikel [http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3360655,00.html "''Religious war in Gaza''"] di Ynetnews.com</ref>
20.000 anggota Hamas di Gaza
|casualties1='''Jumlah terbunuh''': 13<ref name=reuters2009jan12>[http://www.newsdaily.com/stories/tre5053r7-us-palestinians-israel/ Israel tightens grip on urban parts of Gaza]. By Nidal al-Mughrabi. 12 Januari 2009. [[Reuters]].</ref><ref name=latimes2009jan13>[http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/asection/la-fg-gaza13-2009jan13,0,6944643.story Israel steps up attacks in Gaza; Hamas indicates it's open to a truce]. By Sebastian Rotella and Rushdi abu Alouf. January 13, 2009. [[LA Times]].</ref> {{br}}Tentara: 10<ref name="HamasRocketTeam">{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/01/10/israel.gaza/?iref=mpstoryview|title= Hamas rocket team leader killed, Israel says|publisher=CNN|date=January 10, 2009}}</ref>{{br}} Warga sipil: 3<ref name="HamasRocketTeam"/><ref name=embassy4>[http://www.israelemb.org/Operation%20Cast%20Lead/Website4.htm Current events]. [[Diplomatic missions of Israel|Embassy of Israel in Washington DC]]. In the middle of the page is a list of four Israelis killed by rocket and mortar fire. One was a soldier killed on a military base inside Israel. This explains the confusion in counting civilian and military dead in some articles.</ref>{{br}}
'''Jumlah terluka''': 424{{br}}Tentara: 242<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7832406.stm</ref><ref>http://haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1056207.html</ref>{{br}}Warga sipil: 182<ref name=ocha2009jan19>[http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_gaza_humanitarian_situation_report_2009_01_19_english.pdf Field up-date on Gaza from the Humanitarian Coordinator. 19 January 2009]. Jan. 19, 2009. OCHA oPt ([[United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]] - occupied Palestinian territory).[http://www.ochaopt.org]</ref><ref name=jpost2009jan6>[http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1231167267556&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull "Rocket slams into Ashdod kindergarten"].  Jan 6, 2009. ''[[Jerusalem Post]].'' "''Four Israelis have been killed, 10 moderately to seriously wounded, and 29 slightly wounded. Another 144 have been treated for shock.''"</ref> {{br}}{{br}}'''Versi Hamas''': {{br}} Tewas: 227 {{br}} Terluka: 207 [http://sabili.co.id/index.php/20090117702/Islami/Korban-Serdadu-Israel-Versi-Brigade-Al-Quds.htm] {{br}} Tank: 47 {{br}} Pesawat tempur: 3 {{br}} Pesawat tanpa awak: 1 [http://www.infopalestina.com/ms/default.aspx?xyz=U6Qq7k%2bcOd87MDI46m9rUxJEpMO%2bi1s764JtPfeAfyNxL3%2f7SMf6pRAjqzwAyYCpr4hlKZC7iiUF%2bSX5hbpe1ifu7TkeAp%2f5nGkvMnkuajsDVf5NfbNppjvElQZQOY4T8gJYBiO6pu0%3d] {{br}}
|casualties2='''Jumlah terbunuh''': 1.314*<ref name=ocha2009jan19/>{{br}}Militan dan polisi: 48<small> (HAMAS)</small><ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/4288511/Hamas-declares-victory-in-Gaza-claiming-it-lost-only-48-fighters.html http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/4288511/Hamas-declares-victory-in-Gaza-claiming-it-lost-only-48-fighters.html Hamas declares victory in Gaza claiming it lost only 48 fighters]</ref>, 400-650'''**''' <small>([[Angkatan Pertahanan Israel|IDF]])</small><ref name=jpost2009jan13>[http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1231774433925&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Discrepancies over number of Palestinian civilian deaths]. Jan. 13, 2009. ''[[Jerusalem Post]].''</ref>{{br}}Warga sipil: ~700'''***'''<small>([[Reuters]])</small>, 904+'''***'''<small>([[Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|PCHR]])</small><ref name=reuters2009jan18>[http://www.reuters.com/article/featuredCrisis/idUSLI281248 After ceasefire, Israel examines fallout of Gaza war]. By Luke Baker. Jan. 18, 2009. [[Reuters]].</ref><ref name=pchr2009jan17>[http://www.pchrgaza.org/files/PressR/English/2008/18-2009.html 23rd Day of Continuous IOF Attacks on the Gaza Strip]. 18 January 2009. [[Palestinian Center for Human Rights]].</ref> {{br}}
'''Jumlah terluka''': 5.300'''****'''<small>([[Kementerian Kesehatan (Palestina)]])</small><ref name=ocha2009jan19/><ref name=reuters2009jan17>[http://uk.reuters.com/article/UKNews1/idUKTRE50F27120090117 FACTBOX - Developments in Gaza fighting on January 17]. January 17, 2009. [[Reuters]].</ref>
|casualties3=Seorang petugas perbatasan [[Mesir]] tewas dan tiga petugas perbatasan dan dua anak-anak terluka.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=605368&sid=126|title=קצין מצרי נהרג מירי אנשי חמאס סמוך למעבר רפיח|last=סוכנויות הידיעות|publisher=nana10.co.il|language=Hebrew|accessdate=2009-01-01}}</ref><!--Source for two guards, kids wounded--><ref>{{cite news|title=Two Egyptian Children, Police Injured in Israeli Air Strike Near Gaza Border|url=http://voanews.com/english/2009-01-11-voa20.cfm|date=2009-01-11|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20090115043836/http://voanews.com/english/2009-01-11-voa20.cfm|archivedate=2009-01-15}}</ref>{{br}}
Lebih dari 50.800 warga Gaza kehilangan tempat tinggal.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/7838618.stm "Gaza homeless toll 'hits 50,000'"] ''news.bcc.co.uk'' 19 January 2009 Link retrieved 19-01-09</ref> {{br}}
|notes='''*'''Jumlah korban jiwa dan status warga sipil/pejuang di Gaza belum dapat dipastikan secara independen.<ref name=guardian2009jan15>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jan/15/human-rights-gaza-israel Israeli human rights groups speak out as death toll passes 1,000]. Jan. 15, 2009. Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem and Sarah Boseley. [[The Guardian]]</ref><ref name=bbc2009jan14>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7828884.stm More than 1,000 killed in Gaza']. Jan. 14, 2009. ''[[BBC News]].''</ref><ref name=afp2009jan11>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/the-macabre-count-of-a-doctor-in-gaza/2009/01/11/1231608508946.html The macabre count of a doctor in Gaza]. Jan. 11, 2009. [[Agence France-Presse]].</ref><ref name=bbc2009jan5>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/7811386.stm Gaza conflict: Who is a civilian?]. By Heather Sharp. January 5 2009. [[BBC News]].</ref><ref name=observer2009jan4>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jan/04/israel-gaza-hamas-hidden-agenda Why Israel went to war in Gaza]. Jan. 4, 2009. By Chris McGreal in Jerusalem. ''[[The Observer]].''</ref>{{br}}
'''**'''[[Angkatan Pertahanan Israel|IDF]] mengklaim bahwa korban yang tewas adalah "anggota Hamas".<ref name=jpost2009jan13/> 168 polisi yang tewas (138 saat serangan udara awal) dianggap IDF sebagai pejuang musuh sementara [[Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|PCHR]] menganggap mereka warga sipil.<ref name=pchr2009jan17/><ref>{{cite news|title=Hamas: 120 police dead, 95% of security buildings demolished and hundreds of civilians slain|url=http://www.maannews.net/en/index.php?opr=ShowDetails&ID=34375}}</ref>{{br}}
'''***'''Tidak ada perkiraan korban jiwa warga sipil pria yang bukan manula. Sekitar 723 korban jiwa adalah: 4 petugas PBB<ref name=ocha2009jan14/><ref>[http://www.13wmaz.com/article/20090108/NEWS04/90108015 Israeli Forces Fired on U.N. Aid Convoy 'Truce']. Jan. 8, 2009. [[CNN]].</ref> dan 13 petugas medis,<ref name=ocha2009jan14>[http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_gaza_humanitarian_situation_report_2009_01_14_english.pdf Field up-date on Gaza from the Humanitarian Coordinator]. January 14, 2009. OCHA oPt ([[United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]] - occupied Palestinian territory).[http://www.ochaopt.org]</ref><ref>[http://www.maannews.net/en/index.php?opr=ShowDetails&Do=&ID=34876 Report: 36 new doctors allowed into Gaza]. Jan. 11, 2009. Maan News Agency.</ref> 4 jurnalis,<ref name=IFEX>{{cite web|title=Two Israeli channels, BBC permitted brief access to Gaza strip; IFJ denounces "cynical attempt to ensure that media tell the story from the Israeli side only"|url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/CJAL-7N5RUH?OpenDocument|publisher=ReliefWeb|author=[[IFEX]]|date=January 9, 2009|accessdate=2009-01-09}}</ref> 3 pemain sepak bola,<ref>http://en.rian.ru/world/20090114/119490704.html</ref> 412 anak-anak,<ref name=ocha2009jan19/> 110 wanita,<ref name=ocha2009jan19/> 97 manula,<ref name=wafa2009jan12>[http://english.wafa.ps/?action=detail&id=12514 Gaza Tragedy: 280 Children, 76 Women, 97 Elderly Killed Among 905 Martyrs]. Jan. 12, 2009. ''WAFA. Palestine News Agency''.</ref><ref>[http://en.rian.ru/world/20090111/119414133.html Half of Gaza dead 'children, women and elderly'].</ref> dan 40-80 orang yang dieksekusi Hamas.<ref name="Haaretz Hamas">Amira Hass, [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1053825.html "Hamas executes collaborators and restricts Fatah movement"], Ha'aretz 10-01-2009</ref> Selain itu dua warga asing, seorang wanita Ukraina dan anaknya juga termasuk korban jiwa.<ref>http://www.interfax.com/3/460918/news.aspx</ref>{{br}}
'''****'''Terdapat 1.855 anak-anak<ref name=ocha2009jan19/> dan 795 wanita<ref name=ocha2009jan19/> yang termasuk korban yang terluka.{{br}}
}}
'''Konflik Israel-Gaza 2008-2009''' merujuk pada konflik yang berlangsung antara [[Israel]] dan [[Hamas]], yang terjadi setelah kadaluarsanya gencatan senjata selama 6 bulan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUKTRE50021220090101|title=TIMELINE - Israeli-Hamas violence since truce ended|date=1 Januari 2009|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=2 Januari 2009}}</ref> Israel melancarkan serangan udara, disebut '''''Operation Cast Lead''''' ({{lang-he| מבצע עופרת יצוקה}}, ''Mivtza Oferet Yetzukah''), terhadap [[Jalur Gaza]] sebagai balasan atas serangan roket dari Gaza dan Hamas.

Partai-partai berkuasa di Israel menjadikan perang sebagai propaganda menjelang [[Pemilu Israel 2009|pemilu parlemen Israel]] pada [[10 Februari]] [[2009]].<ref>http://www.pww.org/article/view/14193 Israeli Communists condemn attacks on Gaza, call for ‘another direction’ toward peace</ref> Sebuah jajak pendapat yang dilakukan surat kabar [[Haaretz]] menunjukkan masyarakat Israel berada di belakang operasi itu. Bahkan, di samping 52 persen yang mendukung serangan udara, ada 19 persen yang mengharapkan serangan darat. Dari semua ini, ada 25 persen yang menganjurkan gencatan senjata secepatnya. Perkembangan ini menyelamatkan popularitas koalisi [[Partai Kadima]] ([[Menteri Luar Negeri Israel|Menteri Luar Negeri]] [[Tzipi Livni]]) dan [[Partai Buruh Israel|Partai Buruh]] ([[Menteri Pertahanan Israel|Menteri Pertahanan]] [[Ehud Barak]]), yang melorot ketika menghadapi [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] yang [[ultranasionalis]]<ref>[http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2009/01/05/ITR/mbm.20090105.ITR129166.id.html Perang Para Politikus], Tempo</ref>.

Dalam perang kali ini faksi yang bergabung adalah [[Hamas]], [[PFLP (Palestina)|Front Rakyat bagi Pembebasan Palestina]] dan [[Jihad Islam Palestina]] serta [[PFLP (Palestina)|Front Rakyat bagi Pembebasan Palestina]] menyatakan yang bertanggung jawab atas <ref>http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/war_on_gaza/2009/01/200911915455957756.html Palestinian factions united by war</ref> tiga atau lima roket yang dilepaskan dari [[Libanon]] menghantam tiga lokasi berbeda di wilayah [[Galilea]] Israel utara. Tembakan roket dari luar Palestina itu mencederai dua orang.<ref>Artikel [http://www.kompas.com/read/xml/2009/01/08/16225979/roket.dari.lebanon.hantam.israel "Roket dari Lebanon Hantam Israel"] di Kompas.com</ref> Israel membalas dengan menembakkan 6 mortir ke arah Libanon. Belum diketahui apakah terdapat korban jiwa dari serangan balasan Israel tersebut.<ref>Artikel [http://www.kompas.com/read/xml/2009/01/08/15491795/israel.lancarkan.serangan.balasan.ke.lebanon "Israel Lancarkan Serangan Balasan ke Lebanon"] di Kompas.com</ref> akan tetapi Pemerintahan Hamas berjanji akan memberikan uang pengganti kepada para korban <ref>http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2009/01/200912574445581696.html Hamas to pay victims of Gaza war</ref> serta berdampak traumatik pada masyarakat sipil <ref>http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2009/01/2009127174123702455.html Palestinian men bear trauma of war</ref>

Pada [[17 Januari]] [[2009]], [[Israel]] secara sepihak menyatakan [[gencatan senjata]] dalam konflik tersebut.<ref name="gencatan-senjata">[http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/18/world/middleeast/18mideast.html?_r=1&hp "Israel Declares Cease Fire; Hamas Says It Will Fight On"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 17 Januari 2009</ref> Dua hari kemudian [[Hamas]] turut menyatakan [[gencatan senjata]] setelah [[Israel]] mengumumkan akan menarik [[Angkatan Pertahanan Israel|pasukannya]] dari [[Jalur Gaza]] dalam waktu 1 minggu.
<ref>http://www.detiknews.com/read/2009/01/19/045036/1070507/10/israel-tarik-pasukan-hamas-umumkan-gencatan-senjata DetikNews</ref>

== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}

[[Kategori:Israel dalam tahun 2008]]
[[Kategori:Konflik tahun 2008]]
[[Kategori:Konflik tahun 2009]]
[[Kategori:Konflik Israel–Gaza]]