Lihat sumber Crossrail

{{About|jalur kereta api di Inggris yang sedang dibangun|layanan sebelumnya yang dibuka tahun 2015|TfL Rail|kegunaan lain}}
{{Infobox rail line
  | name        = Crossrail
 | other_name = Elizabeth Line (sejak Desember 2018)
  | color       = 0d2a72
| image = File:Crossrail tunnel looking west (11421362975).jpg
  | image_width  = 250px
  | caption     = Terowongan Crossrail sedang dibangun
 | logo = File:Crossrail seal only.svg
  | logo_width  = 150px
  | type        = {{plainlist|
*[[Kereta komuter]]
*[[Angkutan cepat]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/what-we-do/tfl-rail |title=TfL Rail: What we do|publisher=Transport for London}}</ref>}}
  | system      = [[National Rail]]
  | status      = Sedang dibangun
  | locale     = [[London Raya]]; [[Berkshire]], [[Buckinghamshire]], [[Essex]]
  | start       = Barat: [[Bandar Udara Heathrow London]] / {{rws|Reading}}
  | end         = Timur: {{rws|Abbey Wood}} / {{rws|Shenfield}}
  | stations    = 40 (rencana)
  | routes      =
  | daily_ridership =
  | open        = {{plainlist|
*2015: Rute {{stn|Liverpool Street}} ke Shenfield diberi nama [[TfL Rail]]
*2019: Elizabeth Line dijadwalkan buka sepenuhnya<ref name="Operator">{{cite press release |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/27439.aspx |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927092637/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/27439.aspx |title=TfL launches competition to find operator to run Crossrail services |publisher= Transport for London |date=12 March 2013 |archivedate=27 September 2013}}</ref>}}
  | close       =
  | owner       = {{bulleted list|[[Transport for London]] ({{rws|Old Oak Common}} ke {{rws|Abbey Wood}} / {{stn|Stratford}})|[[Network Rail]] (Liverpool Street Main Line ke Shenfield dan Old Oak Common ke Reading)|[[Heathrow Airport Holdings]] (cabang Heathrow)}}
  | operator    = [[MTR Crossrail|MTR Corporation (Crossrail) Ltd]]<ref name=rg20140718 />
  | character   =
  | depot       = {{plainlist|
*[[Ilford EMU Depot|Ilford]]
*[[Old Oak Common TMD|Old Oak Common]]
*Plumstead (if Transport & Works Act Order approved)}}
  | stock       = [[British Rail Class 345|Class 345]]<br /> 9 gerbong per rangkaian kereta<ref name=rgi20140206 />
  | linelength  =sekitar. {{convert|118|km|0|abbr=on}}
  | tracklength =
  | tracks      = 2
  | gauge       = {{track gauge|uksg|allk=on}}
  | electrification = [[elektrifikasi rel 25 kV AC|25&nbsp;kV 50&nbsp;Hz AC]] ([[kabel gantung]])
  | speed       = {{convert|90|mph|km/h|abbr=on|order=flip}}
  | elevation   =
  | map         = {{Crossrail RDT|inline=yes}}
  | map_state   = collapsed
}}
'''Crossrail''' adalah jalur kereta api sepanjang {{convert|118|km|0|abbr=off|adj=on}} yang sedang dibangun di Inggris dan membentang melintasi [[London]] dan [[county inti]] [[Berkshire]], [[Buckinghamshire]], dan [[Essex]]. Seksi tengah dan sebagian besar jalur antara {{stn|Paddington}} di London Pusat dan {{rws|Abbey Wood}} di tenggara dijadwalkan buka pada Desember 2018 dengan nama '''Elizabeth Line''' sebagai penghormatan untuk Ratu [[Elizabeth II]].<ref name=Standard>{{cite news |url=http://www.standard.co.uk/news/transport/crossrail-named-the-elizabeth-line-royal-title-unveiled-as-the-queen-visits-bond-street-a3186791.html |work= London Evening Standard |title=Crossrail named the Elizabeth line: Royal title unveiled as the Queen visits Bond Street station |first=Robert |last=Jobson |accessdate=23 February 2016 |date=23 February 2016}}</ref>

Sebagian seksi timur antara {{stn|Liverpool Street}} dan {{rws|Shenfield}} di Essex diserahkan ke operator pendahulunya, [[TfL Rail]], pada tahun 2015; seksi ini akan terhubung ke rute utama melintasi London Pusat ke Paddington pada Mei 2009. Seksi barat dari Paddington ke [[Bandar Udara Heathrow London|Bandar Udara Heathrow]] dan {{rws|Reading}} di Berkshire dijadwalkan buka pada Desember 2019. Rute timur-barat baru yang melintasi London akan rampung dan menjadi rute kereta [[kereta komuter|komuter]] padat penumpang terbaru.

Proyek ini disetujui tahun 2007. Pembangunan seksi tengah dan sambungan ke jalur jadi yang akan menjadi bagian dari Crossrail dimulai tahun 2009.<ref>{{cite news|last=Thomas|first=Nathalie|title=Going underground on Crossrail: A 40-year project is taking shape|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/10254467/Going-underground-on-Crossrail-A-40-year-project-is-taking-shape.html|work=The Telegraph|date=26 August 2013}}</ref> Ini adalah proyek pembangunan infrastruktur terbesar di Eropa.<ref name="bbc16289051">{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-16289051 |work=BBC News |title= Crossrail's giant tunnelling machines unveiled |date=2 January 2012}}</ref><ref name="Allianz">{{cite web | url = http://knowledge.allianz.com/mobility/infrastructure/?2349/Digging-deep-Europes-biggest-infrastructure-project | title = Digging deep: Europe's biggest infrastructure project | accessdate = 19 October 2013 | date = 4 July 2013 | work = Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.crossrail.co.uk/construction/ | title = Europe's Largest Construction Project | accessdate = 19 October 2013 | work = Crossrail Ltd | archive-date = 2013-10-19 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20131019093305/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/construction/ | dead-url = yes }}</ref> Fitur utamanya adalah terowongan ganda baru sepanjang {{convert|21|km|0|abbr=on}} di bawah pusat kota London.

Jaringan terowongan ini membentang dari Paddington sampai {{stn|Stratford}} dan {{rws|Canary Wharf}} di timur.<ref name="Crossrail1">{{cite web |url= http://www.crossrail.co.uk/construction/tunnelling/ |title= 42 kilometres of new rail tunnels under London |accessdate= 18 March 2013 |publisher= Crossrail |year= 2013 |archive-date= 2013-10-19 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20131019093305/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/construction/ |dead-url= yes }}</ref> Jalur yang hampir seluruhnya baru akan berpisah dari jalur utama di {{stn|Whitechapel}} sampai Canary Wharf, melintas di bawah [[Sungai Thames]], menambah stasiun baru di {{rws|Woolwich}}, dan tersambung ke [[North Kent Line]] di terminus Abbey Wood.

Kereta [[British Rail Class 345|Class 345]] sembilan gerbong akan beroperasi dua arah di seksi tengah dengan frekuensi 24 kereta per jam. Pengoperasian ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi beban jalur-jalur [[London Underground]] timur-barat yang sudah ada seperti [[Central line (London Underground)|Central]] dan [[District Line]], serta [[perpanjangan Jubilee Line]] dan cabang [[Piccadilly Line]] di Heathrow. Kapasitas tambahan sangat diperlukan di koridor ini sampai-sampai mantan kepala TfL, Sir [[Peter Hendy]], memperkirakan bahwa jalur-jalur Crossrail akan "penuh seketika" setelah dibuka.<ref>"Bagehot: London is Working." ''The Economist'' (London). 1 August 2015: 52. Print</ref> Crossrail akan dioperasikan oleh [[TfL Rail|MTR Corporation (Crossrail) Ltd]] sebagai konsesi [[London Rail]] ke [[Transport for London]],<ref name=rg20140718 /> sama seperti [[London Overground]].
{{TOC limit|limit=3}}

== Lihat pula ==
* [[British Rail Class 341 and 342]], rangkaian kereta yang diusulkan untuk skema Crossrail sebelumnya yang tidak jadi dibangun
* [[Center City Commuter Connection]] – proyek serupa di [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania; dibuka tahun 1984
* [[East Side Access]]
* [[Heathrow Airtrack]]
* [[North–South Rail Link]] – proyek serupa di [[Boston]], Massachusetts; belum dimulai
* [[Terowongan Oslo]] – proyek serupa di [[Oslo]], Norway; dibuka tahun 1980
* [[Terowongan Picc-Vic]] – proyek serupa di [[Manchester]]; tidak pernah dibangun
* [[Rencana elektrifikasi rel di Britania Raya]]
* [[Transportasi rel di Britania Raya]]
* [[Great Eastern Main Line#Proposed developments|Shenfield Metro]], akan diambil alih Crossrail
* [[Thameslink Programme]], pemutakhiran jalur utara-selatan yang sudah ada melintasi London Pusat
* [[Réseau Express Régional]] – jaringan kereta lintas kota serupa di [[Paris]]

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

=== Sumber ===
*{{cite web |ref=RUS2011|url=https://cdn.prgloo.com/media/download/d16a1941ea3a40c2bac279049051e1cf |publisher=Network Rail |title=London & South East RUS (final) |page=9 |date=28 July 2011|accessdate=28 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171128171405/https://cdn.prgloo.com/media/download/d16a1941ea3a40c2bac279049051e1cf|archivedate=28 November 2017|deadurl=no}}
* {{Cite journal |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/18/contents |title=Crossrail Act 2008 |work=National Archives |publisher=Her Majesty’s Stationery Office}}
** {{cite web |url=http://billdocuments.crossrail.co.uk |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213205419/http://billdocuments.crossrail.co.uk/ |archivedate=13 February 2009 |title=Crossrail Bill supporting documents}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News |date=20 June 2004 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/3910091.stm |title=Government backs £10bn Crossrail}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News |date=20 June 2004 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/3911005.stm |title=Will Crossrail beat the Tube? |first=Tom |last=Geoghegan}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News |date=13 February 2005 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4261701.stm |title=Crossrail link 'to get go-ahead'}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2005 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4289139.stm |title=First Crossrail bill for Commons}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News |date=7 April 2005 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/vote_2005/england/4421997.stm |title=Election holds up Crossrail bill}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News |date=17 May 2005 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/beds/bucks/herts/4036327.stm |title=Crossrail plan in Queen's Speech}}
* {{cite news |publisher=BBC News|date=2 January 2012 |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-16289051 |title=Crossrail's giant tunnelling machines unveiled}}
* {{cite news |title=Crossrail: A rare look deep under London |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-21196455 |format=video |publisher=BBC News |date=25 January 2013 |accessdate=26 January 2013}}

== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons and category|Crossrail London|Crossrail London}}
* [http://www.crossrail.co.uk/ Crossrail] – Situs resmi

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Abellio Greater Anglia]]'''<br /><small>[[Great Eastern Main Line|Shenfield Metro]]<br /></small>}}
{{s-ttl|rows=3=3|title=Operator MTR Crossrail
|years=2015–2023 }}
{{s-inc|rows=3}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Great Western Railway (operator kereta)|Great Western Railway]]'''<br /><small>{{stnlnk|Maidenhead}} dan {{stnlnk|Reading}}<br /></small>}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Heathrow Connect]]'''}}
{{s-end}}

{{Crossrail}}
{{Transportasi di London}}
{{Proyek infrastruktur kereta saat ini di Britania Raya}}
{{Operator kereta di Britania Raya}}
{{Proyek pembangunan besar di London}}
{{Angkutan cepat di Britania Raya}}

<!--please leave the empty space as standard-->

[[Kategori:Crossrail| ]]
[[Kategori:London Rail]]
[[Kategori:Rencana jalur kereta api di London|Crossrail 1]]
[[Kategori:Infrastruktur rel di London]]
[[Kategori:Operator kereta api di London]]
[[Kategori:Kereta komuter bawah tanah]]