Lihat sumber Pertempuran Sungai Bagradas (255 SM)

{{redirect|Pertempuran Tunis}}
{{Infobox military conflict
|conflict=Pertempuran Sungai Bagradas
|partof=[[Perang Punik I]]
|image=First Punic War Africa 256-255BC.svg
|caption=Kampanye di Afrika Utara yang meliputi pertempuran tersebut; perkiraan lokasi pertempuran tersebut ditandai{{nbs}}dengan angka{{nbs}}"'''5'''"
|date=Musim semi 255 SM
|place=[[Sungai Medjerda]] dekat [[Tunis]]
|coordinates={{coord|36.7975|N|10.1659|E|source:wikidata|display=title,inline}}
|result=Kemenangan Kartago
|combatant1= [[Kartago Kuno|Kartago]]
|combatant2= [[Republik Romawi|Romawi]]
|commander1=[[Xanthippus dari Kartago|Xanthippus]]
|commander2=[[Marcus Atilius Regulus]]{{POW}}
|strength1=16.000
----12.000 infanteri<br>4.000 kavaleri<br>100 gajah
|strength2=15.500
----15.000 infanteri<br>500 kavaleri
|casualties1=Sekitar 800 tewas
|casualties2=13.500
----13.000 tewas<br>500 ditangkap
|campaignbox = {{Kotak kampanye Perang Punik I}}
}}

'''Pertempuran Sungai Bagradas''' (nama kuno dari [[sungai Medjerda]]), juga disebut sebagai '''Pertempuran Tunis''', adalah sebuah kemenangan oleh [[tentara Kartago]] pimpinan [[Xanthippus dari Kartago|Xanthippus]] atas pasukan [[Republik Romawi|Romawi]] pimpinan [[Marcus Atilius Regulus]] pada musim semi 255 SM, sembilan tahun [[Perang Punik I]]. Pada tahun sebelumnya, [[angkatan laut Romawi]] yang baru dibentuk mendirikan [[superioritas angkatan laut]] atas [[Kartago Kuno|Kartago]]. Romawi memakai laju tersebut untuk menyerang tanah air Kartago, yang kini berada di [[Tunisia]], Afrika Utara. Setelah mendarat di [[Tanjung Bon|Semenanjung Tanjung Bon]] dan melakukan kampanye sukses, armada tersbeut kembali ke [[Sisilia]], meninggalkan Regulus dengan 15.500 pasukan untuk [[pemondokan]] di Afrika sepanjang musim dingin.

==Catatan, kutipan dan sumber==
===Catatan===

{{reflist|group=note|30em}}

===Kutipan===

{{reflist|20em}}

===Sumber===

{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Andrei |first1=Cristina |last2=Nedu |first2=Decebal |year=2010 |title=The Campaign of Marcus Atilius Regulus in Africa, Military Operations by Sea and by Land (256−255 B.C.) |journal=Constanta Maritime University Annals |location=Constanta, Romania |publisher=Constanta Maritime University |pages=206–209 |issn=1582-3601}}

* {{Cite book |last=Bagnall |first=Nigel |title=The Punic Wars: Rome, Carthage and the Struggle for the Mediterranean |url=https://archive.org/details/punicwarsromecar0000bagn |date=1999 |publisher=Pimlico |isbn=978-0-7126-6608-4 |location=London |author-link=Nigel Bagnall}}

* {{Cite book |last=Broughton |first=Thomas Robert Shannon |title=The Magistrates of the Roman Republic |date=1986 |publisher=Scholars Press |isbn=978-0-89130-812-6 |location=Atlanta |author-link=Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton}}

* {{Cite book |last=Casson |first=Lionel |title=The Ancient Mariners |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-691-06836-7 |edition=2nd |location=Princeton, New Jersey |author-link=Lionel Casson}}

* {{Cite book |last=Champion |first=Craige B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UzJ3BwAAQBAJ&q=A+companion+to+the+Punic+Wars |title=A Companion to the Punic Wars |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley |isbn=978-1-119-02550-4 |editor-last=Hoyos |editor-first=Dexter |location=Chichester, West Sussex |pages=58–76 |chapter=Polybius and the Punic Wars |orig-year=2011}}

* {{Cite book |last=Collins |first=Roger |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Trj8L8rPVRcC |title=Spain: An Oxford Archaeological Guide |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-19-285300-4 |location=Oxford |author-link=Roger Collins}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Curry |first=Andrew |date=2012 |title=The Weapon That Changed History |journal=Archaeology |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=32–37 |jstor=41780760}}

* {{Cite book |last=Erdkamp |first=Paul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UzJ3BwAAQBAJ&q=A+companion+to+the+Punic+Wars |title=A Companion to the Punic Wars |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley |isbn=978-1-119-02550-4 |editor-last=Hoyos |editor-first=Dexter |location=Chichester, West Sussex |pages=58–76 |chapter=Manpower and Food Supply in the First and Second Punic Wars |orig-year=2011}}

* {{Cite book |last=Goldsworthy |first=Adrian |title=The Fall of Carthage: The Punic Wars 265–146 BC |date=2006 |publisher=Phoenix |isbn=978-0-304-36642-2 |location=London |author-link=Adrian Goldsworthy}}

* {{Cite book |last=Hau |first=Lisa Irene |title=Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus Siculus |date=2016 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-1-4744-1107-3 |location=Edinburgh}}

* {{Cite book |last=Hoyos |first=Dexter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tx7GBQAAQBAJ&q=Carthage+and+the+Carthaginians |title=The Carthaginians |date=2010 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-96862-4 |location=London}}

* {{Cite book |last=Hoyos |first=Dexter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UzJ3BwAAQBAJ&q=A+companion+to+the+Punic+Wars |title=A Companion to the Punic Wars |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley |isbn=978-1-119-02550-4 |location=Chichester, West Sussex |orig-year=2011}}

* {{Cite book |last=Kistler |first=John |title=War Elephants |date=2006 |publisher=Praeger |isbn=978-0-8032-6004-7 |location=Westport, Connecticut}}

* {{Cite book |last=Koon |first=Sam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UzJ3BwAAQBAJ&q=A+companion+to+the+Punic+Wars |title=A Companion to the Punic Wars |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley |isbn=978-1-119-02550-4 |editor-last=Hoyos |editor-first=Dexter |location=Chichester, West Sussex |pages=77–94 |chapter=Phalanx and Legion: the "Face" of Punic War Battle |orig-year=2011}}

* {{Cite book |last=Lazenby |first=John Francis |url=https://archive.org/details/firstpunicwarmil00laze/page/n5?q=Cape+Ecnomus |title=The First Punic War: A Military History |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-8047-2673-6 |location=Stanford, California}} {{registration required}}

* {{Cite book |last=Miles |first=Richard |title=Carthage Must be Destroyed |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780141018096 |publisher=Penguin |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-14-101809-6 |location=London |author-link=Richard Miles (historian)}}

* {{Cite book |last=Mineo |first=Bernard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UzJ3BwAAQBAJ&q=A+companion+to+the+Punic+Wars |title=A Companion to the Punic Wars |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley |isbn=978-1-119-02550-4 |editor-last=Hoyos |editor-first=Dexter |location=Chichester, West Sussex |pages=111–127 |chapter=Principal Literary Sources for the Punic Wars (apart from Polybius) |orig-year=2011}}

* {{Cite book |last=Rankov |first=Boris |title=A Companion to the Punic Wars |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley |isbn=978-1-4051-7600-2 |editor-last=Hoyos |editor-first=Dexter |location=Chichester, West Sussex |pages=149–166 |chapter=A War of Phases: Strategies and Stalemates |author-link=Boris Rankov |orig-year=2011}}

* {{Cite journal |last=Shutt |first=R.J.H. |date=1938 |title=Polybius: A Sketch |journal=Greece & Rome |volume=8 |issue=22 |pages=50–57 |doi=10.1017/S001738350000588X |jstor=642112}}

* {{Cite book |last1=Sidwell |first1=Keith C. |title=The World of Rome: an Introduction to Roman Culture |last2=Jones |first2=Peter V. |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-521-38600-5 |location=Cambridge}}

* {{Cite journal |last=Tipps |first=G.K. |date=1985 |title=The Battle of Ecnomus |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=432–465 |jstor=4435938}}

* {{Cite journal |last=Tipps |first=G.K. |date=2003 |title=The Defeat of Regulus |journal=The Classical World |volume=96 |issue=4 |pages=375–385 |doi=10.2307/4352788 |jstor=4352788}}

* {{Cite journal |last=Walbank |first=Frank |author-link=F. W. Walbank |date=1959 |title=Naval Triaii |journal=The Classical Review |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=10–11 |doi=10.1017/S0009840X00092258 |jstor=702509}}

* {{Cite book |last=Walbank |first=Frank |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z7IpCahC2iMC&q=F.W.+Walbank |title=Polybius |date=1990 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-06981-7 |volume=1 |location=Berkeley}}

* {{Cite book |last=Warmington |first=Brian Herbert |url={{Google Books|G0kgaFEBb4EC|plainurl=y}} |title=Carthage |publisher=Barnes & Noble |year=1993 |isbn=978-1-56619-210-1 |location=New York |author-link=Brian Herbert Warmington |orig-year=1960}}
{{refend}}

==Bacaan tambahan==

* {{Cite web |last=Polybius |date=2020 |orig-year=c. 167–118 BC |title=The Histories |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Polybius/1*.html |access-date=4 May 2020 |website=Bill Thayer's Web Site |publisher=University of Chicago |ref=none |translator-last1=Paton |translator-first1=William Roger |translator-last2=Thayer |translator-first2=Bill |translator1-link=William Roger Paton}}

==Pranala luar==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|En-Battle of the Bagradas River (255 BC)-article.ogg|date=2020-09-06}} 
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