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Tentara Dinasti Han: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Short description|Imperial Chinese army}}[[File:Han iron armour Hohhot.png|thumb|375px|[[Zirah]] besi lamellar zaman [[Dinasti Han]] yang dipulihkan, ditemukan di [[Hohhot]].]]
{{Short description|Imperial Chinese army}}


'''Tentara [[Dinasti Han]]''' adalah aparat militer utama Kekaisaran Tiongkok dari 202 SM hingga 220 M, dengan pergantian singkat pada masa pemerintahan [[Wang Mang]] dan [[dinasti Xin]] dari 9 Masehi hingga 23 Masehi, disusul oleh perang saudara selama dua tahun sebelum berdirinya [[Dinasti Han]].
'''Tentara [[Dinasti Han]]''' adalah aparat militer utama Kekaisaran Tiongkok dari 202 SM hingga 220 M, dengan pergantian singkat pada masa pemerintahan [[Wang Mang]] dan [[dinasti Xin]] dari 9 Masehi hingga 23 Masehi, disusul oleh perang saudara selama dua tahun sebelum berdirinya [[Dinasti Han]].


[[File:Han terracotta shields.jpg|thumb|Miniatur perisai Han.]]
[[Berkas:Han terracotta shields.jpg|jmpl|Miniatur perisai Han.]]
[[File:Fresco of a Male Figure from a Han Dynasty Tomb in Sian, Shensi.jpg|thumb|Pemanah Han.]]
[[Berkas:Fresco of a Male Figure from a Han Dynasty Tomb in Sian, Shensi.jpg|jmpl|Pemanah Han.]]
[[File:Western Han soldiers 4.jpg|thumb|Para prajurit Han Barat.]]
[[Berkas:Western Han soldiers 4.jpg|jmpl|Para prajurit Han Barat.]]


==Daftar pustaka==
== Daftar pustaka ==
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* {{Citation |last=Andrade |first=Tonio |year=2016 |title=The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-13597-7}}.
*{{citation|last=Bielenstein|first=Hans|year=1980|title=The Bureaucracy of Han Times|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Bielenstein|first=Hans|year=1980|title=The Bureaucracy of Han Times|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Chang|first=Chun-shu|year=2007|title=The Rise of the Chinese Empire 1|publisher=The University of Michigan Press}}
* {{citation|last=Chang|first=Chun-shu|year=2007|title=The Rise of the Chinese Empire 1|publisher=The University of Michigan Press}}
*{{citation|last=Cosmo|first=Nicola Di|year=2002|title=Ancient China and Its Enemies|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Cosmo|first=Nicola Di|year=2002|title=Ancient China and Its Enemies|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Cosmo|first=Nicola di|year=2009|title=Military Culture in Imperial China|publisher=Harvard University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Cosmo|first=Nicola di|year=2009|title=Military Culture in Imperial China|publisher=Harvard University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Coyet|first=Frederic|year=1975|title=Neglected Formosa: a translation from the Dutch of Frederic Coyett's Verwaerloosde Formosa}}
* {{citation|last=Coyet|first=Frederic|year=1975|title=Neglected Formosa: a translation from the Dutch of Frederic Coyett's Verwaerloosde Formosa}}
*{{citation|last=Crespigny|first=Rafe de|year=2007|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms|publisher=Brill}}
* {{citation|last=Crespigny|first=Rafe de|year=2007|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms|publisher=Brill}}
*{{citation|last=Crespigny|first=Rafe de|year=2010|title=Imperial Warlord|publisher=Brill}}
* {{citation|last=Crespigny|first=Rafe de|year=2010|title=Imperial Warlord|publisher=Brill}}
*{{citation|last=Crespigny|first=Rafe de|year=2017|title=Fire Over Luoyang: A History of the Later Han Dynasty, 23-220 AD|publisher=Brill}}
* {{citation|last=Crespigny|first=Rafe de|year=2017|title=Fire Over Luoyang: A History of the Later Han Dynasty, 23-220 AD|publisher=Brill}}
*{{citation|last=Graff|first=David A.|year=2002|title=Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900|publisher=Routledge}}
* {{citation|last=Graff|first=David A.|year=2002|title=Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900|publisher=Routledge}}
*{{citation|last=Graff|first=David A.|year=2016|title=The Eurasian Way of War: Military practice in seventh-century China and Byzantium|publisher=Routledge}}
* {{citation|last=Graff|first=David A.|year=2016|title=The Eurasian Way of War: Military practice in seventh-century China and Byzantium|publisher=Routledge}}
*{{citation|last=Han|first=Fei|year=2003|title=Han Feizi: Basic Writings|publisher=Columbia University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Han|first=Fei|year=2003|title=Han Feizi: Basic Writings|publisher=Columbia University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Jackson|first=Peter|year=2005|title=The Mongols and the West|publisher=Pearson Education Limited}}
* {{citation|last=Jackson|first=Peter|year=2005|title=The Mongols and the West|publisher=Pearson Education Limited}}
*{{citation|last=Kurz|first=Johannes L.|year=2011|title=China's Southern Tang Dynasty, 937-976|publisher=Routledge}}
* {{citation|last=Kurz|first=Johannes L.|year=2011|title=China's Southern Tang Dynasty, 937-976|publisher=Routledge}}
*{{citation|last=Lewis|first=Mark Edward|year=2007|title=The Early Chinese Empires: Qin and Han|publisher=The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Lewis|first=Mark Edward|year=2007|title=The Early Chinese Empires: Qin and Han|publisher=The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Loewe|first=Michael|year=2000|title=A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE QIN, FORMER HAN AND XIN PERIODS (221 BC - AD 24)|publisher=Brill}}
* {{citation|last=Loewe|first=Michael|year=2000|title=A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE QIN, FORMER HAN AND XIN PERIODS (221 BC - AD 24)|publisher=Brill}}
* {{Citation |last=Liang |first=Jieming |year=2006 |title=Chinese Siege Warfare: Mechanical Artillery & Siege Weapons of Antiquity |place= |publisher=Leong Kit Meng |isbn=981-05-5380-3 |location=Singapore, Republic of Singapore}}
* {{Citation |last=Liang |first=Jieming |year=2006 |title=Chinese Siege Warfare: Mechanical Artillery & Siege Weapons of Antiquity |place= |publisher=Leong Kit Meng |isbn=981-05-5380-3 |location=Singapore, Republic of Singapore}}
*{{citation|last=Loades|first=Mike|year=2018|title=The Crossbow|publisher=Osprey}}
* {{citation|last=Loades|first=Mike|year=2018|title=The Crossbow|publisher=Osprey}}
* {{citation
* {{citation
| last = Lorge
| last = Lorge
Baris 35: Baris 35:
| isbn = 978-0-521-87881-4
| isbn = 978-0-521-87881-4
}}
}}
*{{citation|last=Lorge|first=Peter|year=2015|title=The Reunification of China: Peace through War under the Song Dynasty|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Lorge|first=Peter|year=2015|title=The Reunification of China: Peace through War under the Song Dynasty|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Mesny|first=William|year=1896|title=Mesny's Chinese Miscellany}}
* {{citation|last=Mesny|first=William|year=1896|title=Mesny's Chinese Miscellany}}
* {{Citation|last=Needham|first=Joseph|year=1994|title=Science and Civilization in China Volume 5 Part 6|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{Citation|last=Needham|first=Joseph|year=1994|title=Science and Civilization in China Volume 5 Part 6|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1990|title=Ancient Chinese Armies: 1500-200BC|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1990|title=Ancient Chinese Armies: 1500-200BC|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
*{{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1992|title=Medieval Chinese Armies: 1260-1520|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1992|title=Medieval Chinese Armies: 1260-1520|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
*{{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1995|title=Imperial Chinese Armies (1): 200BC-AD589|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1995|title=Imperial Chinese Armies (1): 200BC-AD589|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
*{{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1996|title=Imperial Chinese Armies (2): 590-1260AD|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=1996|title=Imperial Chinese Armies (2): 590-1260AD|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
*{{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=2006|title=Soldiers of the Dragon: Chinese Armies 1500 BC - AD 1840|publisher=Osprey Publishing Ltd}}
* {{citation|last=Peers|first=C.J.|year=2006|title=Soldiers of the Dragon: Chinese Armies 1500 BC - AD 1840|publisher=Osprey Publishing Ltd}}
*{{citation|last=Peers|first=Chris|year=2013|title=Battles of Ancient China|publisher=Pen & Sword Military}}
* {{citation|last=Peers|first=Chris|year=2013|title=Battles of Ancient China|publisher=Pen & Sword Military}}
*{{citation|last=Perdue|first=Peter C.|year=2005|title=China Marches West|publisher=The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Perdue|first=Peter C.|year=2005|title=China Marches West|publisher=The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Rnad|first=Christopher C.|year=2017|title=Military Thought in Early China|publisher=SUNY Press}}
* {{citation|last=Rnad|first=Christopher C.|year=2017|title=Military Thought in Early China|publisher=SUNY Press}}
*{{citation|last=Robinson|first=K.G.|year=2004|title=Science and Civilization in China Volume 7 Part 2: General Conclusions and Reflections|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Robinson|first=K.G.|year=2004|title=Science and Civilization in China Volume 7 Part 2: General Conclusions and Reflections|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Swope|first=Kenneth M.|year=2009|title=A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592–1598|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press}}
* {{citation|last=Swope|first=Kenneth M.|year=2009|title=A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592–1598|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press}}
*{{citation|last=Taylor|first=Jay|year=1983|title=The Birth of the Vietnamese|publisher=University of California Press}}
* {{citation|last=Taylor|first=Jay|year=1983|title=The Birth of the Vietnamese|publisher=University of California Press}}
*{{citation|last=Taylor|first=K.W.|year=2013|title=A History of the Vietnamese|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Taylor|first=K.W.|year=2013|title=A History of the Vietnamese|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{Citation|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|year=2001|title=Siege Weapons of the Far East (1) AD 612-1300|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{Citation|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|year=2001|title=Siege Weapons of the Far East (1) AD 612-1300|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{Citation|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|year=2002|title=Siege Weapons of the Far East (2) AD 960-1644|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
* {{Citation|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|year=2002|title=Siege Weapons of the Far East (2) AD 960-1644|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}
*{{citation|last=Twitchett|first=Denis|year=2008|title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 1|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Twitchett|first=Denis|year=2008|title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 1|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Watson|first=Burton|year=1993|title=Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian: Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition|publisher=Columbia University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Watson|first=Burton|year=1993|title=Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian: Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition|publisher=Columbia University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Whiting|first=Marvin C.|year=2002|title=Imperial Chinese Military History|publisher=Writers Club Press}}
* {{citation|last=Whiting|first=Marvin C.|year=2002|title=Imperial Chinese Military History|publisher=Writers Club Press}}
*{{citation|last=Wood|first=W. W. |year=1830|title=Sketches of China}}
* {{citation|last=Wood|first=W. W. |year=1830|title=Sketches of China}}
*{{citation|last=Wagner|first=Donald B.|year=2008|title=Science and Civilization in China Volume 5-11: Ferrous Metallurgy|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{citation|last=Wagner|first=Donald B.|year=2008|title=Science and Civilization in China Volume 5-11: Ferrous Metallurgy|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{citation|last=Wright|first=David|year=2005|title=From War to Diplomatic Parity in Eleventh Century China|publisher=Brill}}
* {{citation|last=Wright|first=David|year=2005|title=From War to Diplomatic Parity in Eleventh Century China|publisher=Brill}}
* Late Imperial Chinese Armies: 1520-1840 C.J. Peers, Illustrated by Christa Hook, Osprey Publishing «Men-at-arms», {{ISBN|1-85532-655-8}}
* Late Imperial Chinese Armies: 1520-1840 C.J. Peers, Illustrated by Christa Hook, Osprey Publishing «Men-at-arms», {{ISBN|1-85532-655-8}}


[[Kategori:Tentara Dinasti Han]]
[[Kategori:Tentara Dinasti Han| ]]
[[Kategori:Dinasti Han]]
[[Kategori:Dinasti Han]]

Revisi terkini sejak 27 April 2020 02.22


Tentara Dinasti Han adalah aparat militer utama Kekaisaran Tiongkok dari 202 SM hingga 220 M, dengan pergantian singkat pada masa pemerintahan Wang Mang dan dinasti Xin dari 9 Masehi hingga 23 Masehi, disusul oleh perang saudara selama dua tahun sebelum berdirinya Dinasti Han.

Miniatur perisai Han.
Pemanah Han.
Para prajurit Han Barat.

Daftar pustaka

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  • Andrade, Tonio (2016), The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7 .
  • Bielenstein, Hans (1980), The Bureaucracy of Han Times, Cambridge University Press 
  • Chang, Chun-shu (2007), The Rise of the Chinese Empire 1, The University of Michigan Press 
  • Cosmo, Nicola Di (2002), Ancient China and Its Enemies, Cambridge University Press 
  • Cosmo, Nicola di (2009), Military Culture in Imperial China, Harvard University Press 
  • Coyet, Frederic (1975), Neglected Formosa: a translation from the Dutch of Frederic Coyett's Verwaerloosde Formosa 
  • Crespigny, Rafe de (2007), A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms, Brill 
  • Crespigny, Rafe de (2010), Imperial Warlord, Brill 
  • Crespigny, Rafe de (2017), Fire Over Luoyang: A History of the Later Han Dynasty, 23-220 AD, Brill 
  • Graff, David A. (2002), Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900, Routledge 
  • Graff, David A. (2016), The Eurasian Way of War: Military practice in seventh-century China and Byzantium, Routledge 
  • Han, Fei (2003), Han Feizi: Basic Writings, Columbia University Press 
  • Jackson, Peter (2005), The Mongols and the West, Pearson Education Limited 
  • Kurz, Johannes L. (2011), China's Southern Tang Dynasty, 937-976, Routledge 
  • Lewis, Mark Edward (2007), The Early Chinese Empires: Qin and Han, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 
  • Loewe, Michael (2000), A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE QIN, FORMER HAN AND XIN PERIODS (221 BC - AD 24), Brill 
  • Liang, Jieming (2006), Chinese Siege Warfare: Mechanical Artillery & Siege Weapons of Antiquity, Singapore, Republic of Singapore: Leong Kit Meng, ISBN 981-05-5380-3 
  • Loades, Mike (2018), The Crossbow, Osprey 
  • Lorge, Peter A. (2011), Chinese Martial Arts: From Antiquity to the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-87881-4 
  • Lorge, Peter (2015), The Reunification of China: Peace through War under the Song Dynasty, Cambridge University Press 
  • Mesny, William (1896), Mesny's Chinese Miscellany 
  • Needham, Joseph (1994), Science and Civilization in China Volume 5 Part 6, Cambridge University Press 
  • Peers, C.J. (1990), Ancient Chinese Armies: 1500-200BC, Osprey Publishing 
  • Peers, C.J. (1992), Medieval Chinese Armies: 1260-1520, Osprey Publishing 
  • Peers, C.J. (1995), Imperial Chinese Armies (1): 200BC-AD589, Osprey Publishing 
  • Peers, C.J. (1996), Imperial Chinese Armies (2): 590-1260AD, Osprey Publishing 
  • Peers, C.J. (2006), Soldiers of the Dragon: Chinese Armies 1500 BC - AD 1840, Osprey Publishing Ltd 
  • Peers, Chris (2013), Battles of Ancient China, Pen & Sword Military 
  • Perdue, Peter C. (2005), China Marches West, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 
  • Rnad, Christopher C. (2017), Military Thought in Early China, SUNY Press 
  • Robinson, K.G. (2004), Science and Civilization in China Volume 7 Part 2: General Conclusions and Reflections, Cambridge University Press 
  • Swope, Kenneth M. (2009), A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592–1598, University of Oklahoma Press 
  • Taylor, Jay (1983), The Birth of the Vietnamese, University of California Press 
  • Taylor, K.W. (2013), A History of the Vietnamese, Cambridge University Press 
  • Turnbull, Stephen (2001), Siege Weapons of the Far East (1) AD 612-1300, Osprey Publishing 
  • Turnbull, Stephen (2002), Siege Weapons of the Far East (2) AD 960-1644, Osprey Publishing 
  • Twitchett, Denis (2008), The Cambridge History of China: Volume 1, Cambridge University Press 
  • Watson, Burton (1993), Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian: Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition, Columbia University Press 
  • Whiting, Marvin C. (2002), Imperial Chinese Military History, Writers Club Press 
  • Wood, W. W. (1830), Sketches of China 
  • Wagner, Donald B. (2008), Science and Civilization in China Volume 5-11: Ferrous Metallurgy, Cambridge University Press 
  • Wright, David (2005), From War to Diplomatic Parity in Eleventh Century China, Brill 
  • Late Imperial Chinese Armies: 1520-1840 C.J. Peers, Illustrated by Christa Hook, Osprey Publishing «Men-at-arms», ISBN 1-85532-655-8