Daftar benda buatan manusia di Bulan: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
Berikut ini adalah tabel yang memperlihatkan daftar seluruh benda buatan manusia yang berada di permukaan [[Bulan]].
== Tabel
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! align=left |
! align=left | Gambar
! align=center | Kebangsaan
Baris 14:
|-
| [[Luna 2]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1959
| align=right | 390.2
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|29.1|N|0|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Ranger 4]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1962
| align=right | 331
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|15.5|S|130.7|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Ranger 6]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1964
| align=right | 381
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|9.358|N| 21.480|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Ranger 7]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1964
| align=right | 365.7
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|10.63|S|20.60|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
Baris 55:
| align=right | 1474
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | {{Coord|8|N|23|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
Baris 64:
| align=right | 1504
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | {{Coord|9.8|N|47.8|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
Baris 73:
| align=right | 1550
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | {{Coord|9.1|N|63.3|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Ranger 8]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1965
| align=right | 367
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|2.638|N|24.787|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Ranger 9]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1965
| align=right | 367
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|12.828|S|2.387|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Luna 9]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 1580
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|7.08|N|64.37|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Luna 10]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 1600
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Luna 11]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 1640
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Luna 12]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 1670
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
Baris 136:
| align=right | 1700
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|18.87|N|62.05|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Surveyor 1]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 270
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|2.474|S|43.339|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/117-Surveyor-1-Americas-first-soft-lunar-landing.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305111740/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F117-Surveyor-1-Americas-first-soft-lunar-landing.html |date=2014-03-05 }}
|-
| [[Lunar Orbiter|Lunar Orbiter 1]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 386
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | {{Coord|6.70|N|162|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Surveyor 2]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 292
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | {{Coord|5.5|S|12|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Lunar Orbiter 2]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 385
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | {{Coord|3.0|N|119|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Lunar Orbiter 3]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1966
| align=right | 386
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | {{Coord|14.3|N|97.7|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Surveyor 3]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 281<ref>Apollo 12 returned about 10 kg of the Surveyor 3's original landing mass of 302 kg to Earth to study the effects of long term exposure.</ref>
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|3.015|S|23.418|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/98-First-Look-Apollo-12-and-Surveyor-3.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226083259/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F98-First-Look-Apollo-12-and-Surveyor-3.html |date=2014-02-26 }}
|-
| [[Lunar Orbiter 4]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 386
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Surveyor 4]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 283
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | {{Coord|0.4|N|1.33|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Explorer 35|Explorer 35 (IMP-E)]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 104.3
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Lunar Orbiter 5]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 386
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | {{Coord|3|S|83|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Surveyor 5]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 281
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|1.461|N|23.195|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/204-Surveyor-5-A-hole-in-one.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508114423/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F204-Surveyor-5-A-hole-in-one.html |date=2014-05-08 }}
|-
| [[Surveyor 6]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 282
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|0.49|N|1.40|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/199-Surveyor-6-on-the-plains-of-Sinus-Medii.html#extended LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508121403/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F199-Surveyor-6-on-the-plains-of-Sinus-Medii.html#extended |date=2014-05-08 }}
|-
| [[Surveyor 7]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1967
| align=right | 290
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|40.86|S|11.47|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Luna 14]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1968
| align=right | 1670
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Apollo 10]] [[Apollo Lunar Module|LM]] (Snoopy) descent stage
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1969
| align=right | 2211
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Luna 15]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1969
| align=right | 2718
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Apollo 11]] LM-5 (Eagle) descent stage
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1969
| align=right | 2034
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|0.6741|N|23.4730|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/142-Apollo-11-Landing-Site.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508120732/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F142-Apollo-11-Landing-Site.html |date=2014-05-08 }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/lm_westcrater.png Image]
|-
| Apollo 11 LM ascent stage<ref name="note2">The ascent stage of [[Apollo 10]] was commanded to fire its engine, left lunar orbit and entered solar orbit. The ascent stage of [[Apollo 11]] was left in orbit and thereafter its orbit decayed and it crashed onto the moon at an unknown location. The [[Apollo 16]] ascent stage failed to crash onto moon when commanded and it decayed from orbit at a later date and also crashed at an unknown location. The ascent stages of the remaining successful missions (Apollo [[Apollo 12|12]], [[Apollo 14|14]], [[Apollo 15|15]], and [[Apollo 17|17]]) were each deliberately crashed onto the moon. [[Apollo 13]]'s complete [[Apollo Lunar Module]] re-entered Earth's atmosphere after having served as a lifeboat during the aborted mission.</ref>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1969
| align=right | 2184
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Apollo 12]] LM-6 (Intrepid) descent stage
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1969
| align=right | 2211
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|3.0124|S|23.4216|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/136-Apollo-12-Second-Look-Midday-on-the-Ocean-of-Storms.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410154306/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F136-Apollo-12-Second-Look-Midday-on-the-Ocean-of-Storms.html |date=2014-04-10 }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/M109386083R_thumb_anno2.serendipityThumb.png Image] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610154658/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/M109386083R_thumb_anno2.serendipityThumb.png |date=2010-06-10 }}
|-
| Apollo 12 LM ascent stage<ref name="note2"/>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1969
| align=right | 2164
| align=right | Hancur<br>(pasca misi)
| align=right | {{Coord|3.94|S|21.20|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Luna 16]] descent stage<ref name="note3">[[Luna program]] sample return mission; mass listed is for both ascent and descent stages, though only the descent stage was left on the moon.</ref>
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1970
| align=right | < 5727
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|0.68|S|56.3|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
Baris 336:
| align=right | 5600
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|38.28|N|35.0|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Apollo 13]] [[S-IVB]] (S-IVB-508)<ref>Astronautix.com, [http://www.astronautix.com/flights/apollo13.htm ''Apollo 13'']: ''The S-IVB/IU impacted the lunar surface at 8:10 p.m. EST on April 14 at a speed of 259 meters per second (incorrect, should probably be 2590 meters/sec), […] 137.1 kilometers from the Apollo 12 seismometer.''</ref>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1970
| align=right | 13454
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|2.75|S|27.86|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|align=right | [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc-20100322-apollo13booster.html LROC page]
|-
| [[Luna 18]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1971
| align=right | 5600
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | {{Coord|3.57|N|56.5|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}
|
|-
| [[Luna 19]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1971
| align=right | 5600
| align=right | Hancur
| align=right | ?
|
|-
| [[Apollo 14]] S-IVB (S-IVB-509)
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 373:
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|8.09|S|26.02|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-008B|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 SIVB|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/?archives/124-Apollo-14-SIVB-Impact-Crater.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129003059/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/?archives%2F124-Apollo-14-SIVB-Impact-Crater.html |date=2013-01-29 }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/ap14sivb_thumb.png Full image]
|-
| [[Apollo 14]] LM-8 (Antares) descent stage
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 386:
|-
| [[Apollo 14]] LM-8 ascent stage<ref name="note2"/>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 395:
|-
| [[Apollo 15]] S-IVB (S-IVB-510)
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 403:
|-
| [[Apollo 15]] LM-10 (Falcon) descent stage
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 409:
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|26.1322|N|3.6339|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-063C|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM descent stage|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/527-Follow-the-Tracks.html LROC page]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/M175252641LR_ap15.png Image]
|-
| [[Apollo 15]] [[Lunar rover (Apollo)|Lunar Rover]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 421:
|-
| [[Apollo 15]] LM-10 ascent (Falcon) stage<ref name="note2"/>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 430:
|-
| Apollo 15 subsatellite
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1971
Baris 439:
|-
| [[Luna 20]] descent stage<ref name="note3"/>
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1972
| align=right | < 5727
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|3.57|N|56.5|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1972-007A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 20|accessdate = 2011-01-01|archive-date = 2012-10-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121004133456/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1972-007A|dead-url = yes}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/194-Soviet-Union-Lunar-Sample-Return-Missions.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410202757/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F194-Soviet-Union-Lunar-Sample-Return-Missions.html |date=2014-04-10 }}
[http://researchmatters.asu.edu/sites/default/files/images/sovietmoon2.JPG Image]
|-
| [[Apollo 16]] S-IVB (S-IVB-511)
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 458:
|-
| [[Apollo 16]] LM-11 (Orion) descent stage
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 464:
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|8.9730|S|15.5002|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-031C|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 descent stage|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/559-Orion,-Up-Close.html LROC page]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/M175179080LRb_thumb.png Image]
|-
| [[Apollo 16]] [[Lunar rover (Apollo)|Lunar Rover]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 477:
|-
| [[Apollo 16]] LM-11 (Orion) ascent stage<ref name="note2"/>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 486:
|-
| Apollo 16 subsatellite
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 495:
|-
| [[Apollo 17]] S-IVB (S-IVB-512)
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 504:
|-
| [[Apollo 17]] LM-12 (Challenger) descent stage
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 510:
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|20.1908|N|30.7717|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-096C|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 descent stage|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/137-Exploring-the-Apollo-17-Site.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328155126/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F137-Exploring-the-Apollo-17-Site.html |date=2014-03-28 }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/challenger_4x.png Image]
|-
| Apollo 17 [[Lunar rover (Apollo)|Lunar Rover]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 523:
|-
| [[Apollo 17]] LM-12 (Challenger) ascent stage<ref name="note2"/>
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1972
Baris 541:
|-
| [[Explorer 49]] ([[RAE-B]])
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1973
Baris 550:
|-
| [[Luna 22]]
|
| {{flag|USSR}}
| align=right | 1974
Baris 565:
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | ~12.75ºN, ~62.2ºE<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1974-084A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 23|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/539-Mare-Crisium-Failure-then-Success.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714042129/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F539-Mare-Crisium-Failure-then-Success.html |date=2012-07-14 }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/luna23_figure.png Image]
|-
Baris 575:
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Coord|12.75|N|62.2|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1976-081A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 24|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
| align=right | [http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/539-Mare-Crisium-Failure-then-Success.html LROC page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714042129/http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?%2Farchives%2F539-Mare-Crisium-Failure-then-Success.html |date=2012-07-14 }}
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/uploads/LROCiotw/luna24_rev_fig.png Image]
|-
| [[Hiten|Hagoromo / Hiten]]
| [[
| {{flag|Japan}}
| align=right | 1990
Baris 588:
|-
| [[Hiten]]
|[[
| {{flag|Japan}}
| align=right | 1993
Baris 597:
|-
| [[Lunar Prospector]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 1998
| align=right | 126
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|87.7|S|42.35|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-001A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Prospector|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://research.ae.utexas.edu/cfpl/lunar/pressrelease/discussion.html|title = University of Texas Engineering News - Lunar Prospector Impact Location Estimate|accessdate = 2011-01-01|archive-date = 2010-12-29|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101229085520/http://research.ae.utexas.edu/cfpl/lunar/pressrelease/discussion.html|dead-url = yes}}</ref>
|
|-
| [[SMART-1]]
|[[
| {{flagicon|EU|size=15px}} [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| align=right | 2006
Baris 615:
|-
| [[Moon Impact Probe|Moon Impact Probe (MIP)]] / [[Chandrayaan-1]]
|[[
| {{flag|India}}
| align=right | 2008
| align=right | 35
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|89|S|30|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>MIP was crash-landed on the Shackleton crater</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2008-052A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Moon Impact Probe / Chandrayaan 1|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.flonnet.com/fl2720/stories/20101008272009000.htm|title = Frontline India's National Magazine - Moon Mystery - Moon Impact Probe impact coordinates
|
|-
Baris 633:
|-
| [[Chang'e 1]]
|[[
| {{flag|China}}
| align=right | 2009
| align=right | 2000<ref name="pptdrymass">{{cite web|url=http://ssedso.gsfc.nasa.gov/initiatives/lunar/LESWG/pubs_presentations/4thGM/bk_International_missions_lakew.ppt|title=Upcoming International Missions to the Moon|publisher=NASA|date=2007-01-11|accessdate=2009-04-12|format=PPT|archive-date=2016-12-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228155650/http://ssedso.gsfc.nasa.gov/initiatives/lunar/LESWG/pubs_presentations/4thGM/bk_International_missions_lakew.ppt|dead-url=yes}} / cf. 2.3t with fuel ({{cite web|url=http://claudelafleur.qc.ca/Spacecrafts-2007.html#Change-1|title=Spacecrafts launched in 2007|accessdate=2009-04-12}})</ref>
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|1.50|S|52.36|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2007-051A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Chang'e 1|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90781/90876/6603492.html|title = China People's Daily Online, 2 March 2009 - Chang'e-1 impacts moon (coordinates) |accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref>
Baris 642:
|-
| [[Chandrayaan-1]]
|[[
| {{flag|India}}
| align=right | 2009
Baris 651:
|-
| [[SELENE|SELENE (Kaguya) main orbiter]]
|[[
| {{flag|Japan}}
| align=right | 2009
| align=right | 1984<ref name="pptdrymass" />
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|65.5|S|80.5|E|globe:Moon|display=inline}}<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.jaxa.jp/topics/2009/06_e.html|title = JAXA HOT TOPICS|publisher = JAXA|date = 2009-06-11|accessdate = 2009-06-11|archive-date = 2009-06-07|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090607212035/http://www.jaxa.jp/topics/2009/06_e.html|dead-url = yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2007-039A|title = NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - KAGUYA (SELENE)|accessdate = 2011-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/selene/index_e.html|title = JAXA Selenological & Engineering Explorer - KAGUYA (SELENE) impact coordinates
|
|-
| [[Lcross|LCROSS Shepherding Spacecraft]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 2009
| align=right | 700
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|84.729|S|49.36|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}},<br> -3.80909 km elevation<br> (Cabeus crater)
|
|-
| [[Centaur (rocket stage)|LCROSS Centaur]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 2009
| align=right | 2270
| align=right | Dihancurkan dengan sengaja
| align=right | {{Coord|84.675|S|48.725|W|globe:Moon|display=inline}},<br> -3.82693 km elevation<br> (Cabeus crater)
|
|-
| [[Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory|GRAIL]]
|[[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 2012
Baris 692:
| align=right | 1200
| align=right | Mendarat
| align=right | {{Lunar coords and quad cat|44.12|N|19.51|W}} <!--Planned, not the outcome:
|
|-
| [[Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer|LADEE]]
| [[
| {{flag|USA}}
| align=right | 2014<!-- year of impact-->
Baris 714:
-->
== Galeri ==
{|
|[[
|
|[[
|-
|[[
|[[
|[[
|}
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package]]
* [[Garis waktu eksplorasi planet]]
== Catatan ==
{{Reflist|2}}
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://spacegrant.nmsu.edu/lunarlegacies/artifactlist.html list of Apollo 11 artifacts on the Moon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205190556/http://spacegrant.nmsu.edu/lunarlegacies/artifactlist.html |date=2013-12-05 }}
* [http://lunarlitter.com/ Lunar Litter: A short film about debris left behind on manned moon missions]
[[
|
Revisi terkini sejak 4 November 2022 16.25
Berikut ini adalah tabel yang memperlihatkan daftar seluruh benda buatan manusia yang berada di permukaan Bulan.
Tabel objek[sunting | sunting sumber]
Galeri[sunting | sunting sumber]
Lihat pula[sunting | sunting sumber]
Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 2". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 4". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-02-23. Diakses tanggal 2010-12-23.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 6". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 7". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 5". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 7". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 8". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 8". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 9". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 9". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Spacecraft was in lunar orbit but is assumed to have decayed from orbit and crashed into the moon, location unknown.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 10". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 11". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 12". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 13". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-10-04. Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 1". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 1". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 2". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 2". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 3". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ Apollo 12 returned about 10 kg of the Surveyor 3's original landing mass of 302 kg to Earth to study the effects of long term exposure.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 3". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 4". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 4". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Explorer 35 (IMP-E)". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 5". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 5". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 6". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 7". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 14". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 10 LM(Snoopy) descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-24.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 15". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 11 LM descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ a b c d e f The ascent stage of Apollo 10 was commanded to fire its engine, left lunar orbit and entered solar orbit. The ascent stage of Apollo 11 was left in orbit and thereafter its orbit decayed and it crashed onto the moon at an unknown location. The Apollo 16 ascent stage failed to crash onto moon when commanded and it decayed from orbit at a later date and also crashed at an unknown location. The ascent stages of the remaining successful missions (Apollo 12, 14, 15, and 17) were each deliberately crashed onto the moon. Apollo 13's complete Apollo Lunar Module re-entered Earth's atmosphere after having served as a lifeboat during the aborted mission.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 11 LM ascent stage". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 12 LM descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 12 LM ascent stage". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ a b c Luna program sample return mission; mass listed is for both ascent and descent stages, though only the descent stage was left on the moon.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 16 descent stage". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-10-04. Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 17/Lunokhod 1". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-07-10. Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ Astronautix.com, Apollo 13: The S-IVB/IU impacted the lunar surface at 8:10 p.m. EST on April 14 at a speed of 259 meters per second (incorrect, should probably be 2590 meters/sec), […] 137.1 kilometers from the Apollo 12 seismometer.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 13 S-IVB". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 18". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 19". Diakses tanggal 2010-12-25.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 SIVB". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 LM descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 LM ascent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 SIVB". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM ascent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 subsatellite". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 20". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-10-04. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 S-IVB". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 ascent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 Subsatellite". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 S-IVB". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 descent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 ascent stage". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ Lander and rover weighed 1814 kg; the rest assumed to have decayed in orbit and impacted the moon.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 21/Lunokhod 2". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Explorer 49/RAE-B". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 22". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 23". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 24". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ Was injected into lunar orbit in 1990, assumed to have decayed from orbit.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Hagoromo/Hiten Orbiter". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Hiten". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Prospector". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "University of Texas Engineering News - Lunar Prospector Impact Location Estimate". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-12-29. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - SMART 1". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ MIP was crash-landed on the Shackleton crater
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Moon Impact Probe / Chandrayaan 1". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "Frontline India's National Magazine - Moon Mystery - Moon Impact Probe impact coordinates". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-02-11. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "JAXA Press Release (PDF)" (PDF) (dalam bahasa Japanese). JAXA. 2009-02-18. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-20.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Okina (Rstar) - Kaguya". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "JAXA 18 February 2009 SELENE status - Okina (Rstar) impact estimate position - (page 3 in Japanese translated with Babelfish)" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ a b "Upcoming International Missions to the Moon". NASA. 2007-01-11. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PPT) tanggal 2016-12-28. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-12. / cf. 2.3t with fuel ("Spacecrafts launched in 2007". Diakses tanggal 2009-04-12.)
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Chang'e 1". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "China People's Daily Online, 2 March 2009 - Chang'e-1 impacts moon (coordinates)". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Chandrayaan 1". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "JAXA HOT TOPICS". JAXA. 2009-06-11. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-06-07. Diakses tanggal 2009-06-11.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - KAGUYA (SELENE)". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "JAXA Selenological & Engineering Explorer - KAGUYA (SELENE) impact coordinates". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-24. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "Guide to Seeing the LCROSS Lunar Impact". Diakses tanggal 2009-10-27.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - LCROSS Shepherding Spacecraft". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "Guide to Seeing the LCROSS Lunar Impact". Diakses tanggal 2009-10-27.
- ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - LCROSS Centaur". Diakses tanggal 2011-01-01.
- ^ "NASA Probes Prepare for Mission-Ending Moon Impact". Diakses tanggal 2012-12-13.