Najaf: Perbedaan antara revisi
Tampilan
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k bot Menambah: ca:Najaf |
k clean up |
||
(30 revisi perantara oleh 16 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1: | Baris 1: | ||
{{Infobox settlement |
|||
|official_name = An-Najaf Al-Asyraf |
|||
|native_name = النجف الأشرف |
|||
|nickname = |image_skyline = Meshed ali usnavy (PD).jpg |
|||
|imagesize = 200px |
|||
|image_caption = Makam Imam Ali |
|||
|image_flag = |
|||
|image_seal = |
|||
|image_map = Iraq map najaf.png |
|||
|mapsize = 200px |
|||
|map_caption = Lokasi Najaf (tercetak merah) dalam wilayah [[Irak]]. |
|||
|pushpin_map = |
|||
|pushpin_label_position = |
|||
|subdivision_type =Negara |
|||
|subdivision_name =Iraq |
|||
|subdivision_type1 = Provinsi |
|||
|subdivision_name1 = [[Provinsi Najaf]] |
|||
|leader_title = |
|||
|leader_name = |
|||
|area_magnitude = |
|||
|area_total_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_total_km2 = |
|||
|area_land_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_land_km2 = |
|||
|area_water_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_water_km2 = |
|||
|population_as_of = 2008 |
|||
|population_note = Approximate figures |
|||
|population_total = 900,600 |
|||
|timezone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] +3 |
|||
|utc_offset = |
|||
|timezone_DST = +4 |
|||
|utc_offset_DST = |
|||
|latd=32 |latm=00 |lats=00 |latNS=N |
|||
|longd=44 |longm=20 |longs=00 |longEW=E |
|||
|elevation_m =60 |
|||
|elevation_ft =200 |
|||
|website = |
|||
|footnotes = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Coord|32.00|N|44.33|E|region:IQ_type:city|display=title}} |
|||
{{Islam}} |
{{Islam}} |
||
'''Najaf''' ( |
'''Najaf al-Asyraf''' (النجف الأشرف dalam [[bahasa Arab]]) ialah sebuah kota di [[Irak]] berpenduduk 585.600 [[penduduk]] (perkiraan penduduk pada [[2003]]) yang terletak 160 km di selatan [[Bagdad]], terletak pada {{coor dms|31|59|45.72|N|44|18|50.97|E|}}. Merupakan [[ibu kota]] [[Provinsi Najaf]]. |
||
Kota ini merupakan tempat bersejarah [[Syi'ah]] dan pusat kekuatan politiknya di Irak, karena di sinilah dipercaya terdapat makam Imam [[Ali bin Abi Thalib]], yang merupakan sepupu dan menantu dari Nabi [[Muhammad]]. |
Kota ini merupakan tempat bersejarah [[Syi'ah]] dan pusat kekuatan politiknya di Irak, karena di sinilah dipercaya terdapat makam Imam [[Ali bin Abi Thalib]], yang merupakan sepupu dan menantu dari Nabi [[Muhammad]]. |
||
== Iklim == |
|||
{{timteng-stub}} |
|||
Najaf memiliki [[iklim gurun]]. Iklim ini dianggap sebagai ''BWh'' berdasarkan [[klasifikasi iklim Köppen]]. Suhu rata-rata tahunan adalah 23.6 °C. Rata-rata curah hujan adalah 97 mm. |
|||
<div style="width:75%"> |
|||
{{Weather box |
|||
|location = An Najaf |
|||
|single line = Yes |
|||
|metric first = Yes |
|||
|Jan high F = 58 |
|||
|Feb high F = 65 |
|||
|Mar high F = 74 |
|||
|Apr high F = 86 |
|||
|May high F = 97 |
|||
|Jun high F = 105 |
|||
|Jul high F = 108 |
|||
|Aug high F =107 |
|||
|Sep high F = 102 |
|||
|Oct high F = 91 |
|||
|Nov high F =74 |
|||
|Dec high F = 62 |
|||
|year high F = 86 |
|||
|Jan low F = 44 |
|||
|Feb low F = 49 |
|||
|Mar low F = 56 |
|||
|Apr low F = 66 |
|||
|May low F = 74 |
|||
|Jun low F = 82 |
|||
|Jul low F = 85 |
|||
|Aug low F = 84 |
|||
|Sep low F = 80 |
|||
|Oct low F = 70 |
|||
|Nov low F = 55 |
|||
|Dec low F = 47 |
|||
|year low F = 66 |
|||
|Jan record low C = -7.2 |
|||
|Feb record low C = -4.5 |
|||
|Mar record low C = 2.2 |
|||
|Apr record low C = 7.0 |
|||
|May record low C = 13.0 |
|||
|Jun record low C = 17.8 |
|||
|Jul record low C = 19.4 |
|||
|Aug record low C = 22.2 |
|||
|Sep record low C = 18.3 |
|||
|Oct record low C = 7.0 |
|||
|Nov record low C = 0.2 |
|||
|Dec record low C = -2.5 |
|||
|year record low C= -7.2 |
|||
|Jan precipitation inch = 1 |
|||
|Feb precipitation inch =0.5 |
|||
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.5 |
|||
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.5 |
|||
|May precipitation inch = 0.2 |
|||
|Jun precipitation inch = 0 |
|||
|Jul precipitation inch = 0 |
|||
|Aug precipitation inch = 0 |
|||
|Sep precipitation inch = 0 |
|||
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.2 |
|||
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.4 |
|||
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.4 |
|||
|year precipitation inch = 2.7 |
|||
|source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase> |
|||
{{cite web |
|||
|url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=7604&refer=wikipedia |title =Weatherbase: Historical Weather for An Najaf, Iraq |
|||
|publisher=Weatherbase |
|||
|year=2011 |
|||
}} |
|||
Retrieved on November 24, 2011. |
|||
</ref> |
|||
|date=November 2011 |
|||
|source 2 = <ref>http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/data_rescue_iraq.html#o48577960</ref>}} |
|||
</div> |
|||
== Referensi == |
|||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
== Bacaan lebih lanjut == |
|||
;Diterbitkan pada abad ke-19-20 |
|||
* {{Citation |publisher = [[John Murray (publisher)|John Murray]] |publication-place = London |title = Handbook for Travellers in Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, Persia, etc. |editor= Charles Wilson |editor-link=Charles William Wilson |publication-date = 1895 |oclc = 8979039 |chapter=Nejef |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=icy5QKym2BoC&pg=PA309 }} |
|||
* {{Citation |publisher = Encyclopaedia Britannica Co. |publication-place = New York |title = Encyclopaedia Britannica |publication-date = 1910 |oclc = 14782424 |edition=11th |chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri19chisrich#page/352/mode/2up |chapter =Nejef }} |
|||
;Diterbitkan pada abad ke-21 |
|||
* {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=C. Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |isbn=9004153888 |chapter=Najaf }} |
|||
* {{Citation |publisher = [[ABC-CLIO]] |publication-place = Santa Barbara, Calif. |editor1 = Michael R. T. Dumper |editor2=Bruce E. Stanley |chapter=Najaf |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |publication-date = 2008 |isbn=1576079198 }} |
|||
== Pranala luar == |
|||
{{Commons category|Najaf}} |
|||
* [http://www.seratonline.com/103/the-miracles-in-the-holy-shrine-of-ameerul-momineen-as/ Miracles in Najaf] |
|||
* [http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=3718 The Holy City of Najaf (Iraq)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050217111847/http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=3718 |date=2005-02-17 }} |
|||
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/flash/0,,1281852,00.html Interactive Guide: Najaf] - ''[[The Guardian]]'' |
|||
[[Kategori:Kota di Irak]] |
[[Kategori:Kota di Irak]] |
||
[[Kategori:Kota suci]] |
[[Kategori:Kota suci Syi'ah]] |
||
[[Kategori:Ali bin Abi Thalib]] |
|||
[[an:Nachaf]] |
|||
{{timteng-stub}} |
|||
[[ar:النجف]] |
|||
[[az:Nəcəf]] |
|||
[[bg:Наджаф]] |
|||
[[ca:Najaf]] |
|||
[[cs:Nadžaf]] |
|||
[[da:Najaf]] |
|||
[[de:Nadschaf]] |
|||
[[en:Najaf]] |
|||
[[eo:Naĝaf]] |
|||
[[es:Nayaf]] |
|||
[[et:An-Najaf]] |
|||
[[fa:نجف]] |
|||
[[fi:Najaf]] |
|||
[[fr:Nadjaf]] |
|||
[[ga:Najaf]] |
|||
[[gl:Najaf - نجف]] |
|||
[[he:נג'ף]] |
|||
[[it:Najaf]] |
|||
[[ja:ナジャフ]] |
|||
[[ms:Najaf]] |
|||
[[nl:Najaf]] |
|||
[[nn:Najaf]] |
|||
[[no:Najaf]] |
|||
[[pl:Nadżaf]] |
|||
[[pt:Najaf]] |
|||
[[ro:Najaf]] |
|||
[[ru:Эн-Наджаф]] |
|||
[[simple:An Najaf]] |
|||
[[sr:Наџаф]] |
|||
[[sv:Najaf]] |
|||
[[tr:Necef]] |
|||
[[ur:نجف]] |
|||
[[zh:納杰夫]] |