The Exorcist: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Ridwanong (bicara | kontrib)
2.632 suntingan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Mouse.d.jerry (bicara | kontrib)
781 suntingan
Fitur saranan suntingan: 2 pranala ditambahkan.
Tag: VisualEditor Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Tugas pengguna baru Disarankan: tambahkan pranala
 
(56 revisi perantara oleh 35 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{Infobox Film
{{Infobox Film
| name = The Exorcist
|name = The Exorcist (1973)
| image = Exorcist ver2.jpg
|image = Exorzistlogo.jpg
|director = [[William Friedkin]]
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[William Friedkin]]
|producer = [[William Peter Blatty]]<br />[[Noel Marshall]]
| producer = [[William Peter Blatty]]<br>[[Noel Marshall]]
|writer = [[William Peter Blatty]]
|starring = [[Ellen Burstyn]]<br />[[Linda Blair]]<br />[[Max von Sydow]]<br />[[Jason Miller (playwright)|Jason Miller]]<br />and<br />[[Mercedes McCambridge]]
| writer = [[William Peter Blatty]]
|music = Steve Boeddeker
| starring = [[Ellen Burstyn]]<br>[[Linda Blair]]<br>[[Max von Sydow]]<br>[[Jason Miller (playwright)|Jason Miller]]<br>and<br>[[Mercedes McCambridge]]
|cinematography = [[Owen Roizman]]
| music = Steve Boeddeker
|editing = Norman Gay
| cinematography = [[Owen Roizman]]
|special effects = Marcel Vercoutere
| editing = Norman Gay
|distributor = [[Warner Bros.]]
| special effects = Marcel Vercoutere
| distributor = [[Warner Bros.]]
|released = [[26 December]] [[1973]]
|runtime = '''Theatrical cut'''<br />122 min.<br />'''[[Director's Cut]]'''<br />132 min.
| released = [[December 26]], [[1973]]
|country = [[Amerika Serikat]]
| runtime = '''Theatrical cut'''<br>122 min.<br>'''[[Director's Cut]]'''<br>132 min.
| country = [[United States]]
|language = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]<br />
[[Asyur Neo-Aram]]<br />
| language = [[English language|English]]<br>[[Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language|Assyrian Neo-Aramaic]]<br>[[Latin language|Latin]]<br>[[Greek language|Greek]]<br>[[French language|French]]<br>[[German language|German]]<br>[[Arabic language|Arabic]]
[[Bahasa Latin|Latin]]<br />
| budget = $12 million
[[Bahasa Yunani|Yunani]]<br />
| gross = $441,071,011
[[Bahasa Prancis|Prancis]]<br />
| website = http://theexorcist.warnerbros.com/
[[Bahasa Jerman|Jerman]]<br />
[[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]<br />
|budget = $12.000.000
|gross = $441.071.011
|website = http://theexorcist.warnerbros.com/
|followed_by = [[Exorcist II: The Heretic]]
|followed_by = [[Exorcist II: The Heretic]]
| amg_id = 1:16331
|amg_id = 1:16331
| imdb_id = 0070047
|imdb_id = 0070047
}}
}}


'''''The Exorcist''''' is a [[1973 in film|1973]] [[United States|American]] [[horror film]], adapted from the 1971 [[The Exorcist|novel of the same name]] by [[William Peter Blatty]], dealing with the [[demonic possession]] of a young girl, and her mother’s desperate attempts to win back her daughter through an [[exorcism]] conducted by two priests. The film features [[Ellen Burstyn]], [[Linda Blair]], [[Max von Sydow]], [[Kitty Winn]], [[Lee J. Cobb]], [[Jason Miller (playwright)|Jason Miller]] and [[Mercedes McCambridge]]. Both the film and novel took inspirations from a documented exorcism in 1949, performed on a 14-year-old boy. The film is one of a cycle of 'demonic child' movies, including [[The Omen series|''The Omen'' series]] and ''[[Rosemary's Baby]]''.
'''''The Exorcist''''' adalah sebuah [[film horor]] Amerika Serikat yang diadaptasi dari novel tahun 1971 dengan judul yang sama karya William Peter Blatty, mengenai seorang gadis kecil yang kerasukan setan dan usaha nekat ibunya yang mencoba menyembuhkan putrinya lewat eksorsisme (ritual pengusiran setan) yang dilakukan oleh dua orang imam Katolik. Film ini menampilkan [[Ellen Burstyn]], [[Linda Blair]], [[Max von Sydow]], [[Kitty Winn]], [[Lee J. Cobb]], [[Jason Miller (playwright)|Jason Miller]] dan [[Mercedes McCambridge]]. Baik film maupun bukunya terinspirasi dari sebuah praktik eksorsisme yang tercatat pada tahun 1949 atas seorang bocah laki-laki berusia 14 tahun. Film ini merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak film 'anak setan', termasuk di antara serial film ''The Omen'' dan ''Rosemary's Baby''.


The film became one of the most profitable horror films of all time, grossing $402,500,000 worldwide.<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://www.the-numbers.com/movies/1973/0XRCS.php The Exorcist - Box Office Data, Movie News, Cast Information - The Numbers<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The film earned ten [[Academy Award]] nominations—winning two, one for [[Academy Award for Sound|Best Sound]] and [[Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay|Best Adapted Screenplay]], and losing Best Picture to ''[[The Sting]]''. Along with the novel on which it was based, Blatty's script has been published several times over the years.
Film ini menjadi salah satu film horor paling menguntungkan sepanjang masa, memperoleh penghasilan kotor sebesar $402.500.000 di seluruh dunia.<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://www.the-numbers.com/movies/1973/0XRCS.php The Exorcist - Box Office Data, Movie News, Cast Information - The Numbers<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Film ini juga memperoleh sepuluh nominasi Piala Oscar - memenangkan dua di antaranya untuk Penataan Suara Terbaik dan Penulisan Skenario Adaptasi Terbaik - dan kalah dalam kategori Film Terbaik pada film pemenangnya ''The Sting''. Bersama-sama dengan novel yang mendasari film ini, cerita karangan Blatty ini telah diterbitkan berulang kali selama bertahun-tahun. The Exorcist dilarang di kota-kota individual dan negara karena alasan terlalu mengerikan atau menakutkan, dan juga karena alasan agama di beberapa negara.<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://elfridachania-words.blogspot.com/2012/03/10-film-horrorthriller-favoritku.html The Exorcist - Dilarayng di beberapa negara<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
<!--
==Plot==
Based on the 1971 novel by [[William Peter Blatty]], ''The Exorcist'' marries three different scenarios into one plot.


== Plot ==
The movie starts with Father Lankester Merrin ([[Max von Sydow]]) on an archaeological dig near [[Nineveh]]. He is then brought to a nearby hole where a small stone head is found, resembling some sort of creature. After talking to one of his supervisors, he then travels to a spot where a strange statue stands, specifically [[Pazuzu (The Exorcist)|Pazuzu]], with a head similar to the one he found earlier. He sees an ominous man up a bit away, and two dogs fight loudly nearby, setting the tone for the rest of the film.


Film ini berkonsep sama dengan novelnya, dimana menggabungkan 3 skenario menjadi 1 keutuhan cerita yang berpusat pada kerasukan setan pada seorang gadis berumur 12 tahun bernama Regan MacNeil.
Meanwhile, Father Damian Karras, a young [[priest]] at [[Georgetown University]], begins to doubt his faith while dealing with his mother's terminal sickness.


Film dibuka dengan adegan penggalian sebuah situs kuno di Nineveh, Irak. Seorang penggali yang kemudiannya diketahui sebagai Bapa Lankester Merrin ([[Max von Sydow]]), menemukan sebuah batu berukir gambar makhluk yang mengerikan. Batu tersebut diberikan penjelasan oleh Bapa Merrin sebagai patung Pazuzu, simbol paganisme yang melambangkan setan.
In the central storyline, Chris MacNeil ([[Ellen Burstyn]]), an actress filming in Georgetown, notices dramatic and dangerous changes in the behavior and physical make-up of her twelve year-old daughter [[Regan MacNeil]] ([[Linda Blair]]). Regan exhibits strange, unnatural powers, including [[levitation]] and great strength. At first, Chris believes that Regan's rapid mental and physical changes are due to trauma from Chris's recent divorce. Regan is forced to endure a series of unpleasant medical tests as doctors try to find an explanation for her bizarre changes. Doctors retire the belief that Regan has [[brain abnormalities]] causing her bizarre behaviour when [[X-Ray]]s come back negative. Chris is advised by a doctor that Regan should see a [[psychiatrist]]. After Regan assaults the psychiatrist, [[supernatural]] occurrences continue surround her at the MacNeils household, including violently shaking beds, strange noises and unexplained movement. The director of the film Mrs. MacNeil is starring in is found brutally murdered after being asked to babysit for Regan.


Kemudian adegan berpindah ke [[Washington, D.C]] dimana seorang pastur muda bernama Bapa Damien Karras ([[Jason Miller]]) yang kini sedang mengalami krisis kepercayaan kepada Tuhan karena beban hidup yang berat ditambah ibunya sendiri yang sakit-sakitan.
When all medical possibilities of explaining Regan's worsening condition are exhausted, a doctor recommends an exorcism, explaining that if Regan's symptoms are a [[psychosomatic]] result of a belief in demonic possession, then an [[exorcism]] would likewise have the psychosomatic effect of ending such symptoms. Chris consults Father Karras, since he is both a priest and a [[psychiatry|psychiatrist]]. Despite his doubts, Damian is eventually convinced that he should request permission from the Church to perform an exorcism.


Dalam pusat cerita, kita menemui seorang gadis berumur 12 tahun bernama Regan MacNeil yang kini mulai mendapat gejala aneh baik dari dirinya sendiri maupun di sekitarnya. Sang ibu, yaitu aktris Chris MacNeil yakin bahwa segala tanda tersebut hanyalah trauma dari perceraian antara Chris dan ayah Regan. Namun setelah dibawa ke berbagai dokter, justru keadaan Regan bertambah lemah. Seiring bergeraknya hari, tabiat Regan mulai berubah dan wajahnya berubah pucat dan mengerikan. Suaranya kadang bisa berubah menjadi suara laki-laki dan fenomena poltergeist sering terjadi di kamarnya. Segalanya bertambah parah saat [[Sutradara|sutradara film]] terbaru Chris MacNeil yang setuju untuk merawatnya sementara, ditemukan mati dengan brutal.
Father Merrin, who in addition to being an archeologist is also an experienced exorcist, is summoned to Washington to help. In a climactic series of scenes, He and Father Karras try to drive the spirit from Regan.<ref>[http://imdb.com/title/tt0070047/plotsummary The Exorcist (1973) - Plot summary]</ref> Regan, or rather the spirit, claims she is not possessed by a simple demon, but by the [[Devil]] himself.


Dokter-dokter yang putus-asa, menyarankan Chris untuk meminta sebuah pengusiran setan yang dilakukan oleh pastor. Chris bermaksud menemui Bapa Karras yang dikenalinya sebagai pendeta juga psikiater. Setelah menemui Regan, Regan yang sedang setengah kerasukan mengaku bahwa ia memang dirasuki setan, tetapi bukan oleh setan biasa, melainkan oleh Iblis sendiri. Bapa Karras kemudian setuju untuk melakukan pengusiran setan dan kini meminta bantuan Gereja untuk mengirimkan seseorang yang lebih senior, maka Gereja memanggil Bapa Merrin untuk melakukan pengusiran setan bersama Bapa Karras karena Bapa Merrin sudah berpengalaman. Meskipun Gereja mengetahui kelemahan jantung Bapa Merrin yang membuat ia dibebas-tugaskan beberapa tahun lalu.
At the climax of the exorcism, Father Merrin dies of heart failure and Father Karras challenges the demon to enter him. The demon does enter Damian, but the priest immediately throws himself through Regan's bedroom window in order to stop the demon from murdering her. He falls down the steps outside and is apparently killed. Regan is restored to her normal self, and according to Chris, does not remember any of the experience. The film ends as the MacNeil mother and daughter leave Georgetown to move on from their ordeal.


Pada klimaksnya, Bapa Karras dan Bapa Merrin berusaha mengusir setan dari tubuh Regan dan setelah berkali-kali diberikan beban mental dan verbal pada mereka berdua, Bapa Merrin meninggal karena serangan jantung sebelum sempat menelan CPR miliknya. Bapa Karras yang melihat hal itu berusaha menolongnya namun terlambat. Bapa Karras mencekik Regan dan meminta kepada setan di dalamnya agar merasuki dirinya saja. Setan itu kemudian memasuki Bapa Karras yang kemudian menerjunkan dirinya sendiri ke jendela di lantai 2 itu, membuat tubuhnya terjatuh dan terguling di tangga curam dekat rumah tersebut dan meninggal.
==Cast==
*[[Jason Miller (playwright)|Jason Miller]] as [[Damien Karras|Father Damien Karras]]
*[[Ellen Burstyn]] as Chris MacNeil
*[[Max von Sydow]] as Father Lankester Merrin
*[[Lee J. Cobb]] as Det. Lt. William F. Kinderman
*[[Linda Blair]] as [[Regan MacNeil]]
*[[Kitty Winn]] as Sharon Spencer
*[[Jack MacGowran]] as Burke Dennings
*[[Mercedes McCambridge]] as Pazuzu (voice)
*[[William O'Malley|Rev. William O'Malley]] as Father Joe Dyer


Setelah akhir peristiwa tersebut, Regan dan Chris memutuskan untuk meninggalkan Washington dari segala trauma. Regan tidak mengingat sama sekali mengenai kejadian pengusiran setan darinya.
==Production==
===Casting===
The agency representing Linda Blair overlooked her, recommending at least 30 other clients for the part of Regan. Blair's mother brought her in herself to try out for the role. [[Pamelyn Ferdin]], a veteran of science fiction and supernatural drama, was a candidate, but the producers may have felt she was too well-known. Actress [[Denise Nickerson]] (who played [[Violet Beauregarde]] in ''[[Willy Wonka & The Chocolate Factory]]'') was considered, but her parents pulled her out, troubled by the material. At one point the search for a young actress capable of playing Regan was so trying that Friedkin claims he even considered auditioning adult [[dwarfism|dwarf]] actors. The part went instead to Linda Blair, a relatively unknown actress.


== Referensi ==
The studio wanted [[Marlon Brando]] for the role of Father Merrin.<ref name="casting">[http://www.notstarring.com/movies/exorcist The Exorcist - Trivia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Friedkin immediately vetoed this by stating that with Brando in the film it would become a "Brando movie." [[Jack Nicholson]] was originally up for the part of Father Karras before [[Stacy Keach]] had been hired by Blatty to play the role. Friedkin then spotted Miller in a [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] play. Even though Miller had never acted in a movie before, Keach's contract was bought out by Warner Bros. and Miller was cast in the role (Blatty would later give Keach the leading role in ''[[The Ninth Configuration]]''). Other actors considered for the role at the time included [[Gene Hackman]]. [[Jane Fonda]] and [[Shirley MacLaine]] were approached to play the role of Chris MacNeil. Fonda reportedly called the project a "capitalist piece of shit."<ref>[http://www.horror-wood.com/exorhist2.htm Behind The Screams Of "The Exorcist"-Part Two<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[Audrey Hepburn]] was approached, but said she would only agree if the film were to be shot in [[Rome]]. [[Anne Bancroft]] was another choice, but she happened to be in her first month of pregnancy and was dropped. Ellen Burstyn agreed to doing the movie.

Vasiliki Maliaros, who played Father Karras' mother, had never acted in a movie before. She was discovered by William Friedkin in a Greek restaurant. Her only acting experience was in Greek stage dramas. Friedkin selected her because she bore an uncanny resemblance to his own mother and William Peter Blatty felt she resembled his mother too.

===Direction===
Warner had approached [[Arthur Penn]] (who was teaching at Yale), [[Peter Bogdanovich]] (who wanted to pursue other projects, subsequently regretting the decision) and [[Mike Nichols]] (who didn't want to shoot a film so dependent on a child's performance). [[John Boorman]] (who would direct ''[[Exorcist II: The Heretic]]'') said he didn't want to direct it because it was "cruel towards children". Following the success of ''[[The French Connection (film)|The French Connection]]'' (1971) the studio finally agreed to sign William Friedkin for the film.

Friedkin went to some extraordinary lengths, reminiscent of [[D.W. Griffith|D.W. Griffith's]] manipulation of the actors, to get the genuine reactions he wanted. Yanked violently around in harnesses, both Blair and Burstyn suffered back injuries and their painful screams went right into the film. Burstyn later reported that she had permanent back injury after landing on her [[coccyx]] when a stuntman jerked her via cable during the scene when Regan slaps her mother. After asking [[William O'Malley|Reverend William O'Malley]] if he trusted him and being told yes, Friedkin slapped him hard across the face before a take to generate a deeply solemn reaction that was used in the film, as a very emotional Father Dyer read last rites to Father Karras; this offended the many Catholic crew members on the set. He also fired a gun without warning on the set to elicit shock from Jason Miller for a take. Lastly, he had Regan's bedroom set built inside a freezer so that the actors' breath could be visible on camera, which required the crew to wear parkas and other cold-weather gear.

===Music===
[[Lalo Schifrin]] was hired to write music for the film but his score was rejected, and a frustrated Friedkin reportedly threw the reels out into the street, dubbing the score "fucking Mexican marimba music" and deeming the parking lot the best place for such music (see also 1979's ''[[The Amityville Horror]]''). In the liner notes for the soundtrack to his 1977 film ''[[Sorcerer (film)|Sorcerer]]'', Friedkin said that, had he heard the music of [[Tangerine Dream]] earlier, he would have had them score ''The Exorcist''. Instead he used modern classical compositions, including portions of the 1971 Cello Concerto by Polish composer [[Krzysztof Penderecki]].

The original soundtrack LP has only been released once on CD, as an expensive and hard-to-find Japanese import. It is noteworthy for being the only soundtrack to include the main theme ''[[Tubular Bells]]'' by [[Mike Oldfield]], which became very popular after the film's release, and the movement ''Night of the Electric Insects'' from George Crumb's string quartet ''[[Black Angels (Crumb)|Black Angels]]''.

===Filming locations===
[[Image:Exorcist Steps.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Exorcist steps]]
The archaeological dig site seen at the beginning of the movie is the actual site of ancient [[Nineveh]] in [[Hatra]].

The "Exorcist steps", stone steps at the end of [[M Street (Washington, D.C.)|M Street]] in Georgetown, were padded with 1/2"-thick rubber to film the death of Karras. The stunt man tumbled down the stairs twice. [[Georgetown University]] students charged people around $5 each to watch the stunt from the rooftops.

The MacNeil residence interiors were filmed at CECO Studios in [[Manhattan]]. The bedroom set had to be refrigerated to capture the authentic icy breath of the actors in the exorcizing scenes. The temperature was brought so low that a thin layer of snow fell onto the set one morning. Linda Blair, who was only in a thin nightgown, says to this day she cannot stand being cold.<ref name="fleshfarm">[http://www.thefleshfarm.com/exorcist/exorcist1.htm William Friedkin's - The Exorcist<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

==Urban legends and on-set incidents==
False stories are the source of the rumor that the film was cursed.<ref>[http://www.lsj.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040819/THINGS010701/408190318/1055/news the HUB<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Blatty has stated on video<ref>[http://"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6n0pgaYJVg"]</ref> some strange occurrences. [[Ellen Burstyn]] has indicated that some of these rumors are true in her 2006 autobiography ''Lessons In Becoming Myself''. The interior sets of the MacNeil residence, except for Regan's bedroom, were indeed destroyed by a studio fire and had to be rebuilt. Director William Friedkin also notes that the set sometimes appeared "cursed." He has also claimed that a priest was brought in numerous times to "bless" the set. Filming would go smoothly for a short while, before the priest would have to be brought back again when things went wrong again.<ref>''The Directors: William Friedkin'', retrieved on 1/8/08</ref> Other issues include Linda Blair's harness breaking when she is thrashing on the bed and injuring the actress. Burstyn also noted that she was slightly hurt when Regan throws her across the room.

==Cut scenes==
The scene where Father Merrin asks Chris the child's middle name (Teresa) was cut for the 1973 release, but there is still the scene where Merrin exorcises Regan and uses her first, middle, and last names.

The film's original ending had Kinderman meeting Father Dyer after the departure of Chris and Regan; the two converse and strike up a friendship as they walk down the street. This was cut for timing reasons, and the release version ended slightly earlier, with Dyer looking down the staircase where Karras had died. For the 2000 re-release, the longer ending was restored, in order to tie the film in better with the events of ''[[The Exorcist III]]''.

===The "spider walk"===
[[Contortionist]] Linda R. Hager was hired to perform the famous "spider walk" scene, filmed on April 11, 1973, but deleted by William Friedkin before the film's December release. He felt it was "too much" of an effect because it appeared too early in the film before the possession was fully established by the end of the first hour of the movie. Almost 30 years later, Friedkin changed his mind and restored the scene for the special edition theatrical release. Hager used a harness and flying wires hung above the staircase in the set.

There are a few different versions of the "spider walk" sequence. The one ending with blood pouring from Regan's mouth is the one used in the 2001 re-release of the film. Since the previously unused scene had been published in a documentary several years earlier, the bloody version was used instead for shock value. The second, actually more faithful to the book, has Regan flicking her tongue like a snake and chasing Chris and Sharon. This can be seen in the 25th Anniversary documentary 'The Fear of God'. A third rumored take had Regan biting Sharon on the leg. The sequence has been copied in ''[[Ruby (1977 film)|Ruby]]'' and other low-budget films.

===Network TV version===
The network TV version was edited by Friedkin. He dubbed the Demon's more obscene lines himself because he didn't want to work with [[Mercedes McCambridge]] again.{{Fact|date=July 2008}} "Your mother sucks cocks in hell" became "Your mother still rots in hell" and "Shove it up your ass, you faggot" became "Shut your face, you maggot".

==Track listings==
The Warner re-release (included in the 25th Anniversary collector's set) omits the main theme (''[[Tubular Bells]]'') and "Night of the Electric Insects" for rights reasons, but includes 15 minutes of music that [[Lalo Schifrin]] originally composed for the film.

==Reception==
=== US Critical Reception ===
Upon its release on December 26, 1973, the film received mixed reviews from critics, “ranging from ‘classic’ to ‘claptrap'."<ref name="Travers">Travers, Peter and Rieff, Stephanie. ''The Story Behind ‘The Exorcist’'', Pg. 149, Signet Books, 1974. ISBN 978-0451062079</ref> [[Stanley Kauffmann]], in ''[[The New Republic]]'', wrote, “This is the most scary film I’ve seen in years — the ''only'' scary film I’ve seen in years…If you want to be shaken — and I found out, while the picture was going, that that’s what I wanted — then ''The Exorcist'' will scare the hell out of you.”<ref name="Kauffmann">Kauffmann, Stanley. ''New Republic'' review reprinted in ''The Story Behind ‘The Exorcist’'', written by Peter Travers and Stephanie Rieff, pgs. 152 - 154, Signet Books, 1974. ISBN 978-0451062079</ref> ''[[Variety (newspaper)|Variety]]'' noted that it was “an expert telling of a supernatural horror story…The climactic sequences assault the senses and the intellect with pure cinematic terror.”<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117790769.html?categoryid=31&cs=1&query=The+Exorcist |title=The Exorcist|accessdate=2007-11-03|first=|last=|publisher=Variety.com}}</ref> In ''[[Castle of Frankenstein]]'', [[Joe Dante]] opined, “[A]n amazing film, and one destined to become at the very least a horror classic. Director William Friedkin’s film will be profoundly disturbing to all audiences, especially the more sensitive and those who tend to 'live' the movies they see…Suffice it to say, there has never been anything like this on the screen before.”<ref name="Dante">Dante, Joe. ''Castle of Frankenstein'', Vol 6, No. 2 (Whole Issue #22), pgs. 32-33. Review of ''The Exorcist'' </ref>

However, [[Vincent Canby]], writing in the ''[[New York Times]]'', dismissed ''The Exorcist'' as “a chunk of elegant occultist claptrap…[A] practically impossible film to sit through…it establishes a new low for grotesque special effects...”<ref name="Canby">Canby, Vincent. ''New York Times'' review reprinted in ''The Story Behind ‘The Exorcist’'', written by Peter Travers and Stephanie Rieff, pgs. 150 - 152, Signet Books, 1974. ISBN 978-0451062079</ref> [[Andrew Sarris]] complained that “Friedkin’s biggest weakness is his inability to provide enough visual information about his characters…whole passages of the movie’s exposition were one long buzz of small talk and name droppings…''The Exorcist'' succeeds on one level as an effectively excruciating entertainment, but on another, deeper level it is a thoroughly evil film.”<ref name="Sarris">Sarris, Andrew. ''[[Village Voice]]'' review reprinted in ''The Story Behind ‘The Exorcist’'', written by Peter Travers and Stephanie Rieff, pgs. 154–158, Signet Books, 1974. ISBN 978-0451062079</ref> Writing in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', [[Jon Landau]] felt the film was, “[N]othing more than a religious porn film, the gaudiest piece of shlock this side of [[Cecil B. DeMille]] (minus that gentleman’s wit and ability to tell a story) …”<ref name="Landau">Landau, Jon. ''Rolling Stone'' review reprinted in ''The Story Behind ‘The Exorcist’'', written by Peter Travers and Stephanie Rieff, pgs. 158 - 162, Signet Books, 1974. ISBN 978-0451062079</ref>

Over the years, ''The Exorcist''’s critical reputation has grown considerably. The film has a 89% favorability rating on the [[Rotten Tomatoes]] website, out of 37 reviewers surveyed.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/exorcist/ |title=''The Exorcist" (1973)|accessdate=2007-11-03|first=|last=|publisher=Rotten Tomatoes}}</ref> Some critics regard it as being one of the best and most effective [[horror film]]s; admirers say the film balances a stellar script, gruesome effects, and outstanding performances. However, the movie has its detractors as well, including [[Kim Newman]] who has criticized it for messy plot construction, conventionality and overblown pretentiousness, among other perceived defects. Writer [[James Baldwin (writer)|James Baldwin]] provides an extended negative critique in his book length essay ''[[The Devil Finds Work]]''.

=== Earnings ===

The film earned $66,300,000 in [[film distributor|distributors']] domestic (U.S. and Canada) rentals during its theatrical release in 1974, becoming the second most popular film of that year (trailing ''[[The Sting]]'').<ref name="Gebert">Gebert, Michael. ''The Encyclopedia of Movie Awards'' (listings of 'Box Office (Domestic Rentals)' for 1974, taken from ''Variety'' magazine), pg. 314, St. Martin's Paperbacks, 1996. ISBN 0-668-05308-9. "Rentals" refers to the distributor/studio's share of the [[box office]] gross, which, according to Gebert, is normally roughly half of the money generated by ticket sales.</ref> After several reissues, the film eventually earned $89,000,000 in domestic rentals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070047/business |title=Business Data for The Exorcist |last=|first=|accessdate=2007-11-19|publisher=www.imdb.com}}</ref>
To date, it has a total gross of $402,500,000 worldwide; if adjusted for inflation, this would be the top-grossing R-rated film of all time.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> It was nominated for ten [[Academy Awards]], including Best Picture, and also won four [[Golden Globe]]s, including the award for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Drama|Best Picture &ndash; Drama]] for the year [[1974]].

=== UK Reception ===

In the [[United Kingdom]], the movie was included in the '[[video nasty]]' phenomenon of the early 1980s. Although it had been released uncut for home video in 1981, when resubmitted for classification to the [[British Board of Film Classification]] after the implementation of the [[Video Recording Act 1984]] it was refused a release and no video copies were to be sold in the UK. However, following a successful re-release in cinemas in 1998, the film was resubmitted and was passed uncut with an [[18 certificate]] rating in 1999, signifying a relaxation of the [[censorship]] rules with relation to home video in the UK. The movie was shown on terrestrial television in the UK for the first time in 2001, on [[Channel 4]].

The British film critic [[Mark Kermode]] is famous for claiming ''The Exorcist'' is the greatest film ever made on his weekly film review program on [[BBC Radio 5 Live]].<ref name="kermode">{{cite book | last = Kermode | first = Mark | title = The Exorcist (BFI Modern Classics) | publisher = British Film Institute | date = 1998 | location = London | isbn = 0851706738 }}</ref>

=== Special Effects and Filmgoer Reception ===

''The Exorcist'' contained a number of [[special effect]]s, engineered by makeup artist [[Dick Smith (make-up artist)|Dick Smith]]. [[Roger Ebert]], while praising the film, believed the effects to be so unusually graphic he wrote, "That it received an R rating and not the X is stupefying."<ref>[http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19731226/REVIEWS/301010310/1023 :: rogerebert.com :: Reviews :: The Exorcist (xhtml)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

Theaters provided "Exorcist barf bags".<ref>[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20061104/ai_n16829894 Screen shockers | Independent, The (London) | Find Articles at BNET.com<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

Due to death threats against Linda Blair, Warner Bros. had bodyguards protecting her for six months after the film's release.<ref name="fleshfarm"/>

==== Alleged Subliminal Imagery ====

''The Exorcist'' has also been controversial due to its use of alleged [[subliminal message|subliminal]] imagery. A detailed article in the July / August 1991 issue of ''[[Video Watchdog]]'' examined the phenomenon, providing still frames identifying several usages of subliminal "flashing" throughout the film.<ref name="Lucas">[[Tim Lucas|Lucas, Tim]] and Kermode, Mark. ''[[Video Watchdog]]'' Magazine, issue #6 (July/August 1991), pgs. 20 - 31, "The Exorcist: From the Subliminal to the Ridiculous"</ref> In an interview from the same issue, Friedkin explained, "I saw subliminal cuts in a number of films before I ever put them in ''The Exorcist'', and I thought it was a very effective storytelling device... The subliminal editing in ''The Exorcist'' was done for ''dramatic'' effect — to create, achieve, and sustain a kind of dreamlike state."<ref name="Friedkin">Friedkin, William. Interviewed in ''Video Watchdog'' Magazine, issue #6 (July/August 1991), pg. 23, "The Exorcist: From the Subliminal to the Ridiculous"</ref> In the re-released version of the film, the face of the demon (dubbed [[Captain Howdy]]) is much more prevalent, even showing up as a disembodied head on the chrome exhaust vent over a stove at one point. An Exorcist [[fansite]] documents several of demonic face images as seen in ''The Exorcist: The Version You've Never Seen'', an extended version of the film released in 2000.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://captainhowdy.com/?page_id=4
|title=The Exorcist Fansite » Subliminal Images
|publisher=captainhowdy.com
|accessdate=2008-04-07
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>

However, these quick, scary flashes have been labeled "[not] truly subliminal"<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.darkromance.com/dr-bod/dr-bod-vol_1_07/dr-bod-070631-exorcist-demon.html
|title=Dark Romance - Book of Days - The 'subliminal' demon of The Exorcist
|publisher=www.darkromance.com
|accessdate=2008-04-07
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> and "quasi-" or "semi-subliminal"<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.subliminalworld.org/flickers.htm
|title=Films that flicker: the origins of subliminal advertising myths and practices.
|publisher=www.subliminalworld.org
|accessdate=2008-04-07
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>. In an interview in a [[1999]] book about the movie, ''The Exorcist'' author William Blatty addressed the controversy and said, "[T]here are no subliminal images. If you can see it, it's not subliminal."<ref>{{Cite book | author=McCabe, Bob | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=The Exorcist | date=1999 | publisher=Omnibus | location=London | isbn=0-7119-7509-4 | pages=pg. 138 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=iK1VyIuJp4AC&pg=PA138&dq=%22It%27s+none+of+that%3B+there+are+no+subliminal+images.+If+you+can+see+it,+it%27s+not+subliminal.%22&sig=3gxcXYKA4qHsgJfLiBXDRsP9uhE}}
</ref> True subliminal imagery must be, by definition, below the threshold of awareness.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/subliminal|title=subliminal - Definitions from Dictionary.com|}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://people.uleth.ca/~vokey/pdf/Submess.pdf|title= Subliminal Messages|}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csicop.org/si/9204/subliminal-perception.html|title= Subliminal Perception|}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.snopes.com/business/hidden/popcorn.asp|title= Subliminal Advertising|}})</ref>

==Awards and recognition==
===Academy Awards===
''The Exorcist'' was nominated for a total of 10 Academy Awards in 1973. At the 46th Annual Academy Awards ceremony, it won two statuettes.

====Wins====
*'''[[Academy Award for Sound]]'''
*'''[[Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay]]'''

====Nominations====
*''[[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]''
*''[[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]'' for [[Ellen Burstyn]]
*''[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]'' for [[Jason Miller (playwright)|Jason Miller]]
*''[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]'' for [[Linda Blair]]
*''[[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]'' for [[William Friedkin]]
*''[[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]]''
*''[[Academy Award for Film Editing|Best Film Editing]]''
*''[[Academy Award for Best Art Direction|Best Art Direction]]''

===Other awards===
* [[Saturn Awards|Saturn Award]] [[Saturn Award for Best Horror Film|Best Horror Film]] of 1973.
* ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' voted it the scariest film ever made<ref>[http://paranormal.about.com/library/weekly/aa111201a.htm. Paranormal Phenomena - Past Weekly Features<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* [[American Film Institute]] rated the film in #3 out of the most thrilling movies. The film was right behind ''[[Jaws (film)|Jaws]]'' and ''[[Psycho (1960 film)|Psycho]]''.
* [[Bravo (television network)|Bravo]]'s ''100 Scariest Movie Moments'' rated the film #3, right behind ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' and ''[[Jaws (film)|Jaws]]''.

==Sequels and related films==
[[John Boorman|John Boorman's]] ''[[Exorcist II: The Heretic]]'' was released in [[1977 in film|1977]], and re-visited Regan four years after her initial ordeal. The plot dealt with an investigation into the legitimacy of Father Merrin's exorcism of Regan in the first film. In flashback sequences we see Regan giving Merrin his fatal heart attack, as well as scenes from the exorcism of a young boy named Kokumo in Africa many years earlier. The film was so sharply criticized that Director [[John Boorman]] re-edited the film immediately after its premiere. Both versions have now been released on video.

''[[The Exorcist III]]'' appeared in 1990, written and directed by Blatty himself from his own 1983 novel ''[[Legion (book)|Legion]]''. Jumping past the events of ''Exorcist II'', this book and film presented a continuation of the story of Father Karras. Following the precedents set in ''The Ninth Configuration,'' Blatty turned a minor character from the first film — in this case, Det. Kinderman &mdash; into the chief protagonist. Though the characters of Karras and Kinderman were only related through the murder investigation in ''The Exorcist'', and that Kinderman was fond of Karras, in ''Exorcist III'' Blatty has Kinderman remembering Karras as "his best friend".

A parody entitled ''[[Repossessed]]'' was released the same year, with Blair lampooning the role she played in the original.

A made-for-[[television]] film entitled ''[[Possessed (2000 film)|Possessed]]'' was broadcast on [[Showtime]] on [[October 22]], [[2000]]. It claimed to follow the true accounts that inspired Blatty to write ''The Exorcist''. It was directed by [[Steven E. de Souza]] and written by de Souza and Michael Lazarou, from the book of the same name by [[Thomas B. Allen]]. Main characters were played by [[Timothy Dalton]], [[Henry Czerny]] and [[Christopher Plummer]].

Blatty directed ''[[The Ninth Configuration]]'', a post-[[Vietnam War]] drama set in a mental institution. Released in 1980, it was based on Blatty's [[novel]] of the same name. Though it contrasts sharply with the tone of ''The Exorcist,'' Blatty regards ''Configuration'' as its true sequel. The lead character is the [[astronaut]] from Chris' party, Lt. Cutshaw.

A prequel, ''[[Exorcist: The Beginning]]'' (2004) attracted attention and controversy even before its release. It went through a number of directorial and script changes, such that two versions were actually produced. [[Paul Schrader]] was originally hired as director, but the studio ultimately rejected his version. [[Renny Harlin]] was then hired as director, and permitted to reuse Schrader's footage, and shoot new footage as he saw fit, to create a more conventional shocker film. Harlin's film, ''[[Exorcist: The Beginning]]'' was released, but was not well received. Schrader's original version was named ''[[Dominion: Prequel to the Exorcist]]'' and subsequently released. Like ''[[Exorcist III]]'', both films made significant changes from the original storyline. The plot of these films centered around an exorcism that Father Merrin had performed as a young priest in Africa, many years prior to the events in ''[[The Exorcist]]''. This exorcism was first referenced in the ''The Exorcist'', and in the first sequel ''[[Exorcist II: The Heretic]]'' flashback scenes were shown of Merrin exorcising the demon [[Pazuzu]] from an African boy named Kokumo. Although the plot for both ''Beginning'' and ''Dominion'' centered around Merrin's exorcism in Africa, they both took a significant departure from the original story, making no effort to be faithful to those original details.

A 1974 [[Turkey|Turkish]] movie ''Şeytan'' (Turkish for ''[[Satan]]'', the original movie was also shown with the same name) is almost a scene-by-scene remake of the original. It has gained a reputation among cult movie enthusiasts as the "Turkish Exorcist". That same year the German film ''Magdalena, vom Teufel besessen'' was also released with an Exorcist plot.

Similarly, a [[blacksploitation]] film was also released in 1974 titled ''[[Abby (film)|Abby]]''. While the films ''Seytan'' and ''Magdalena, vom Teufel besessen'' were more legally free to be made due to being filmed in other countries, the makers of ''Abby'' (filmed in Louisiana) were sued by Warner Bros. and was pulled from theatres, but not before making 4 million dollars at box office.

Also in 1974 a film about a mother who becomes possessed by a demon, ''[[Beyond the Door]]'' was released, starring [[Juliette Mills]].

==Alternate and uncut versions==
There have been several versions of ''The Exorcist'' released and altered. In both the TV-PG and TV-14 versions of the network version, the image of the obscenely defiled statue of the Virgin Mary stays intact. It stays on screen several seconds longer for the TV-14 version. On original TV airings, the shot was replaced with one where the statue's face is smashed in but without other defilement.
The Special Edition released on DVD for the 25th Anniversary includes the original ending, not the new one used in the "Version You've Never Seen". The Special Edition DVD also includes a 75-minutes documentary titled ''The Fear of God'' on the making of ''The Exorcist''. The documentary includes screen tests and additional deleted scenes. ''The Exorcist: The Complete Anthology'' ([[box set]]) was released in October, 2006. This DVD collection includes the original theatrical release version ''The Exorcist'', the extended version; ''The Exorcist: The Version You've Never Seen'', the sequel with Linda Blair; ''Exorcist II: The Heretic'', the supposed end of the trilogy; ''The Exorcist III'', and two different prequels: ''Exorcist: The Beginning'' and ''Dominion: A Prequel to The Exorcist''.

==Limited edition deluxe box set==
This box set was released in 1998. It was limited to 50,000 copies, with available copies circulating around the Internet. There are two versions; a special edition VHS and a special edition DVD. The only difference between the two copies is the recording format.

===On the DVD===
*The original film with restored film and digitally remastered audio, with a 1.85:1 widescreen aspect ratio, introduced by director
*An introduction by director William Friedkin
*The 1998 BBC documentary ''The Fear of God: The Making of "The Exorcist"''
*2 audio commentaries
*Interviews with the director and writer
*Theatrical trailers and TV spots

===In the box===
*A commemorative 52-page tribute book, covering highlights of the film's preparation, production, and release; features previously-unreleased historical data and archival photographs
*Limited edition soundtrack CD of the film's score, including the original (unused) soundtrack (Tubular Bells and Night of the Electric Insects omitted)
*8 lobby card reprints.
*Exclusive senitype film frame (magnification included)

==Trivia==
{{Trivia|date=February 2008}}
{{Refimprove|section|date=February 2008}}

*The movie opens with the Islamic chant of [[Takbir|Allāhu Akbar]] as the name of the film comes up in blood red, setting the tone for events that follow. The same chant is heard at the very end of the movie as well.
* At least three alternate endings were considered by [[William Friedkin|Friedkin]] and [[William Peter Blatty]], with Blatty concerned that the audience might leave the theater after the more ambiguous ending that was ultimately used "thinking the Devil won". One was the scene between Father Dyer and Lieutenant Kinderman on the street, which was eventually used in ''The Version You've Never Seen'', with added special FX and a musical sting at the end. Another brief alteration was considered, showing Father Karras' spirit ascending the Georgetown steps as Father Dyer looks down them at the close of the film. The other possible ending was conceived by Blatty but never scripted or shot, in which, after the climax, Father Dyer is running track on the university grounds. A jogger arrives to keep pace with him, and strikes up a conversation with Dyer. They discuss fate, destiny, and the afterlife, and Dyer would slowly realize that the jogger running beside him is in fact Father Karras. Dyer would then look up to see the sky lit up with stars, with Karras intoning, "we are the light, Joe". None of these alterations were deemed necessary by William Friedkin, who preferred the quiet, thought-provoking ending of the final cut. Friedkin and Blatty did however come together to add the Dyer/Kinderman "beautiful friendship" scene to the re-release years later.
* The quick flashes of a [[Captain Howdy|white-faced demon]] occurring at several moments in the film were inspired by a demon mask used in ''[[Onibaba]]'' (1964). The mask was originally used in a teaser trailer, but was considered too frightening.
* Actors [[Jack MacGowran]] and [[Vasiliki Maliaros]] died before the film was released.
* In the scene where Fr. Karras is saying Mass, the words of consecration he uses reflect an earlier version of the rite, one of a few intermediate stages between the [[Tridentine Rite]] and the [[Mass of Paul VI]].
* The Rite of Exorcism as performed in the film is a condensed version of the actual rite.
* [[Max von Sydow]] was relatively young (early forties) at the time of filming, and required several hours of makeup each day to appear as the frail, elderly Father Merrin.
* The film was edited at [[Number of the beast|666]] Fifth Avenue in New York.<ref>[http://www.well-rounded.com/movies/reviews/blatty_intv.html William Peter Blatty Interview: Well Rounded Entertainment<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* The name of the boy who was subject of the "true" exorcism that inspired Blatty's novel was Ronald Hunkeler. After he was "cured" he went on to attend Gonzaga High School in Washington, DC, graduating in 1954. He was later a scientist with NASA. Understandably, he refuses all interviews regarding his exorcism. At last account, he was rumored to be living in Laurel, MD.
* In an interview on the [[January 12]], [[2007]] broadcast of the [[Mr. KABC]] radio program it was revealed that actress/comedienne [[April Winchell]] was being seriously considered for the part of Regan MacNeil however she had developed a serious kidney infection which caused her to be hospitalized and ultimately taken out of consideration.<ref>[http://www.aprilwinchell.com/archive/ 5 things you don't know about April Winchell, Mr. KABC Radio Show audio archive], accessed [[February 8]], [[2007]]</ref>
* The movie's eerie opening sequence was filmed in the [[Iraqi]] town of [[Sinjar]], just below the [[Syria]]n border. The people of Sinjar are mostly [[Kurdish people|Kurdish]] members of the ancient [[Yezidi]] sect, which worships a deity often equated with the Devil.<ref>http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20061106&s=diarist110606</ref>
* When "The Exorcist" was first released, four minutes of Mike Oldfield's music from his "Tubular Bells" album was lifted without his knowledge, although Warner Bros. did license the music from his publisher. In early soundtrack releases, "Tubular Bells" was not included in the other music selections. In later releases, the song title and artist's names are featured in the end credits. This information was printed in his biography booklet that came with his 4 CD set.
-->


==Referensi==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


==Pranala luar==
== Pranala luar ==
{{wikiquote|The Exorcist}}
{{wikiquote|The Exorcist}}
* [http://theexorcist.warnerbros.com/ Official site]
* [http://theexorcist.warnerbros.com/ Situs resmi]
* [http://www.captainhowdy.com/ The Exorcist Fansite]
* [http://www.captainhowdy.com/ The Exorcist Fansite]
* {{imdb title|id=0070047|title=The Exorcist}}
* {{imdb title|id=0070047|title=The Exorcist}}
Baris 254: Baris 60:
* {{mojo title|id=exorcist|title=The Exorcist}}
* {{mojo title|id=exorcist|title=The Exorcist}}
* [http://www.strangemag.com/exorcistpage1.html The Haunted Boy of Cottage City: The Cold Hard Facts Behind the Story that Inspired The Exorcist, by Mark Opsasnick]
* [http://www.strangemag.com/exorcistpage1.html The Haunted Boy of Cottage City: The Cold Hard Facts Behind the Story that Inspired The Exorcist, by Mark Opsasnick]

<!--Split film/book article intentional - Please do not remove this comment-->
{{start box}}
{{succession box |
| before = ''[[The Godfather]]''
| after = ''[[Chinatown (film)|Chinatown]]''
| title = [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Drama|Golden Globe for Best Picture - Drama]]
| years = 1974|}}
{{end}}

{{The Exorcist}}
{{William Friedkin}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Exorcist, The}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Exorcist, The}}
[[Kategori:Film Amerika Serikat tahun 1973]]

[[Kategori:Film horor]]
[[Kategori:Film Warner Bros]]
[[Kategori:Film Katolik]]
[[Kategori:Film Katolik]]
[[Kategori:Film yang disutradarai William Friedkin]]

[[ar:طارد الأرواح الشريرة]]
[[de:Der Exorzist]]
[[el:Ο Εξορκιστής]]
[[en:The Exorcist (film)]]
[[es:El exorcista]]
[[fa:جن‌گیر (فیلم)]]
[[fr:L'Exorciste]]
[[hr:Egzorcist (1973)]]
[[it:L'esorcista]]
[[he:מגרש השדים]]
[[nl:The Exorcist (film)]]
[[ja:エクソシスト (映画)]]
[[no:Exorcisten]]
[[pl:Egzorcysta (film)]]
[[pt:The Exorcist]]
[[ru:Изгоняющий дьявола (фильм)]]
[[fi:Manaaja (elokuva)]]
[[sv:Exorcisten]]
[[ta:த எக்சோர்சிஸ்ட் (திரைப்படம்)]]
[[tr:Şeytan (film, 1973)]]
[[zh:大法師]]

Revisi terkini sejak 5 Januari 2023 11.44

The Exorcist (1973)
SutradaraWilliam Friedkin
ProduserWilliam Peter Blatty
Noel Marshall
Ditulis olehWilliam Peter Blatty
PemeranEllen Burstyn
Linda Blair
Max von Sydow
Jason Miller
and
Mercedes McCambridge
Penata musikSteve Boeddeker
SinematograferOwen Roizman
PenyuntingNorman Gay
DistributorWarner Bros.
Tanggal rilis
26 December 1973
DurasiTheatrical cut
122 min.
Director's Cut
132 min.
NegaraAmerika Serikat
BahasaInggris

Asyur Neo-Aram
Latin
Yunani
Prancis
Jerman

Arab
Anggaran$12.000.000
Pendapatan
kotor
$441.071.011

The Exorcist adalah sebuah film horor Amerika Serikat yang diadaptasi dari novel tahun 1971 dengan judul yang sama karya William Peter Blatty, mengenai seorang gadis kecil yang kerasukan setan dan usaha nekat ibunya yang mencoba menyembuhkan putrinya lewat eksorsisme (ritual pengusiran setan) yang dilakukan oleh dua orang imam Katolik. Film ini menampilkan Ellen Burstyn, Linda Blair, Max von Sydow, Kitty Winn, Lee J. Cobb, Jason Miller dan Mercedes McCambridge. Baik film maupun bukunya terinspirasi dari sebuah praktik eksorsisme yang tercatat pada tahun 1949 atas seorang bocah laki-laki berusia 14 tahun. Film ini merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak film 'anak setan', termasuk di antara serial film The Omen dan Rosemary's Baby.

Film ini menjadi salah satu film horor paling menguntungkan sepanjang masa, memperoleh penghasilan kotor sebesar $402.500.000 di seluruh dunia.[1] Film ini juga memperoleh sepuluh nominasi Piala Oscar - memenangkan dua di antaranya untuk Penataan Suara Terbaik dan Penulisan Skenario Adaptasi Terbaik - dan kalah dalam kategori Film Terbaik pada film pemenangnya The Sting. Bersama-sama dengan novel yang mendasari film ini, cerita karangan Blatty ini telah diterbitkan berulang kali selama bertahun-tahun. The Exorcist dilarang di kota-kota individual dan negara karena alasan terlalu mengerikan atau menakutkan, dan juga karena alasan agama di beberapa negara.[1]

Plot[sunting | sunting sumber]

Film ini berkonsep sama dengan novelnya, dimana menggabungkan 3 skenario menjadi 1 keutuhan cerita yang berpusat pada kerasukan setan pada seorang gadis berumur 12 tahun bernama Regan MacNeil.

Film dibuka dengan adegan penggalian sebuah situs kuno di Nineveh, Irak. Seorang penggali yang kemudiannya diketahui sebagai Bapa Lankester Merrin (Max von Sydow), menemukan sebuah batu berukir gambar makhluk yang mengerikan. Batu tersebut diberikan penjelasan oleh Bapa Merrin sebagai patung Pazuzu, simbol paganisme yang melambangkan setan.

Kemudian adegan berpindah ke Washington, D.C dimana seorang pastur muda bernama Bapa Damien Karras (Jason Miller) yang kini sedang mengalami krisis kepercayaan kepada Tuhan karena beban hidup yang berat ditambah ibunya sendiri yang sakit-sakitan.

Dalam pusat cerita, kita menemui seorang gadis berumur 12 tahun bernama Regan MacNeil yang kini mulai mendapat gejala aneh baik dari dirinya sendiri maupun di sekitarnya. Sang ibu, yaitu aktris Chris MacNeil yakin bahwa segala tanda tersebut hanyalah trauma dari perceraian antara Chris dan ayah Regan. Namun setelah dibawa ke berbagai dokter, justru keadaan Regan bertambah lemah. Seiring bergeraknya hari, tabiat Regan mulai berubah dan wajahnya berubah pucat dan mengerikan. Suaranya kadang bisa berubah menjadi suara laki-laki dan fenomena poltergeist sering terjadi di kamarnya. Segalanya bertambah parah saat sutradara film terbaru Chris MacNeil yang setuju untuk merawatnya sementara, ditemukan mati dengan brutal.

Dokter-dokter yang putus-asa, menyarankan Chris untuk meminta sebuah pengusiran setan yang dilakukan oleh pastor. Chris bermaksud menemui Bapa Karras yang dikenalinya sebagai pendeta juga psikiater. Setelah menemui Regan, Regan yang sedang setengah kerasukan mengaku bahwa ia memang dirasuki setan, tetapi bukan oleh setan biasa, melainkan oleh Iblis sendiri. Bapa Karras kemudian setuju untuk melakukan pengusiran setan dan kini meminta bantuan Gereja untuk mengirimkan seseorang yang lebih senior, maka Gereja memanggil Bapa Merrin untuk melakukan pengusiran setan bersama Bapa Karras karena Bapa Merrin sudah berpengalaman. Meskipun Gereja mengetahui kelemahan jantung Bapa Merrin yang membuat ia dibebas-tugaskan beberapa tahun lalu.

Pada klimaksnya, Bapa Karras dan Bapa Merrin berusaha mengusir setan dari tubuh Regan dan setelah berkali-kali diberikan beban mental dan verbal pada mereka berdua, Bapa Merrin meninggal karena serangan jantung sebelum sempat menelan CPR miliknya. Bapa Karras yang melihat hal itu berusaha menolongnya namun terlambat. Bapa Karras mencekik Regan dan meminta kepada setan di dalamnya agar merasuki dirinya saja. Setan itu kemudian memasuki Bapa Karras yang kemudian menerjunkan dirinya sendiri ke jendela di lantai 2 itu, membuat tubuhnya terjatuh dan terguling di tangga curam dekat rumah tersebut dan meninggal.

Setelah akhir peristiwa tersebut, Regan dan Chris memutuskan untuk meninggalkan Washington dari segala trauma. Regan tidak mengingat sama sekali mengenai kejadian pengusiran setan darinya.

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ a b The Exorcist - Box Office Data, Movie News, Cast Information - The Numbers Kesalahan pengutipan: Tanda <ref> tidak sah; nama "autogenerated1" didefinisikan berulang dengan isi berbeda

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: The Exorcist.
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=The_Exorcist&oldid=22557037"