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'''Pāṇini''' ([[aksara Devanagari]]: पाणिन ; [[IPA]] pɑːɳɪn̪ɪ) adalah seorang ahli bahasa dari [[Gandhara]] yang diperkirakan hidup antara [[abad ke-7 SM]] sampai [[abad ke-3 SM]]. Ia terutama termasyhur karena yang pertama kali menulis tentang [[bahasa Sanskerta|tata bahasa Sanskerta]] yang berjudul [[Ashtadhyayi|Aṣṭādhyāyī]]. Karyanya ini memuat 3.959 hukum bahasa Sanskerta.
| name = Pāṇini
| image = Birch bark MS from Kashmir of the Rupavatra Wellcome L0032691.jpg
| caption = [[Naskah kulit kayu betula]] abad ke-17 dari risalah tata bahasa oleh Pāṇini dari Kashmir
| native_name = {{lang-sa|पाणिनि}}
| era = kira-kira abad ke-4 SM;{{sfn|Vergiani|2017|p=243, n.4}}{{sfn|Bronkhorst|2016|p=171}}{{sfn|Houben|2009|p=6}};<br/>kira-kira 400–350 SM{{sfn|Cardona|1997|p=268}};<br/>kira-kira abad ke-6–5 SM{{sfn|Staal|1996|p=39}}{{sfn|Scharfe|1977|p=88}}
| region = [[Subbenua India]] barat laut {{efn|Menurut George Cardonna, kemungkinan Pāṇini berasal dari Salatura di bagian barat laut anak benua India.{{sfn|Cardona|1997|p=268}} Mungkin di [[Gandhara]] purba.{{sfn|Staal|1965}}}}
| main_interests = [[Tata bahasa]], [[linguistik]]
| notable_works = ''{{IAST|Aṣṭādhyāyī}}'' ([[Bahasa Sanskerta|Bahasa Sanskerta Klasik]])
}}
{{Quote box
|quote = '''Ahli bahasa terhebat zaman kuno'''<br/>
Pāṇini.. adalah ahli bahasa terhebat pada zaman kuno, dan pantas diperlakukan seperti itu.
|source = — JF Staal, ahli bahasa Sanskerta{{sfn|Staal|1972|p=xi}}
|width = 28%
|bgcolor=#FFE0BB
|align = right
}}
'''Pāṇini''' ([[aksara Dewanagari]]: पाणिन ; [[IPA]] pɑːɳɪn̪ɪ) adalah seorang ahli bahasa dari [[Gandhara]] yang diperkirakan hidup antara [[abad ke-7 SM]] sampai [[abad ke-3 SM]]. Ia terutama termasyhur karena yang pertama kali menulis tentang [[bahasa Sanskerta|tata bahasa Sanskerta]] yang berjudul [[Ashtadhyayi|Aṣṭādhyāyī]]. Karyanya ini memuat 3.959 hukum bahasa Sanskerta.


== Daftar pustaka ==
== Catatan ==
{{notelist}}
* {{de}} [[Otto Böhtlingk]], [[1998]], ''Panini's Grammatik'', Buske Helmut Verlag, ISBN 3-87548-198-4 (Cetakan ulang)


== Referensi ==
{{bio-hindu-stub}}
=== Catatan kaki ===
{{reflist}}

=== Daftar pustaka ===
* {{de}} [[Otto Böhtlingk]], [[1998]], ''Panini's Grammatik'', Buske Helmut Verlag, ISBN 3-87548-198-4 (Cetakan ulang)
{{refbegin}}
*Bhate, S. and Kak, S. (1993) Panini and Computer Science. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, vol. 72, pp.&nbsp;79–94.
* {{Citation | last =Bod | first =Rens | year =2013 | title =A New History of the Humanities: The Search for Principles and Patterns from Antiquity to the Present | publisher =Oxford University Press | isbn =978-0-19-966521-1}}
* {{Citation | last =Bronkhorst | first =Johannes | year =2016 | title =How the Brahmins Won: From Alexander to the Guptas | publisher =BRILL|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muAzDwAAQBAJ&q=P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini| isbn =9789004315518 }}
* {{Citation | last =Bronkhorst | first =Johannes | year =2019 | title =A Śabda Reader: Language in Classical Indian Thought | publisher =Columbia University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gWNbDwAAQBAJ&q=P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini| isbn =9780231548311 }}
* {{citation | last =Cardona | first =George | year =1997 | orig-year =1976 | author-link =George Cardona | title =Pāṇini: A Survey of Research | publisher =Motilal Banarsidass | isbn =978-81-208-1494-3}}
*{{cite book|author=Harold G. Coward| title=The Philosophy of the Grammarians, in Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies Volume 5 (Editor: Karl Potter) | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2CEj6wRqeRAC| year=1990| publisher=Princeton University Press | isbn=978-81-208-0426-5}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Carter|first1=George F.|display-authors=etal| title=On Mundkur on Diffusion|journal=Current Anthropology|year= 1979|volume= 20|issue= 2|pages= 425–428|doi=10.1086/202297|s2cid=143783458}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia| publisher = SAGE Publications, Inc.| isbn = 9781412999632| volume = 1| pages = 184–187 |editor=Jon R. McGee |editor2=Richard L. Warms | last1 = François| first1 = Alexandre |author1-link=Alexandre François (linguist)| last2 = Ponsonnet| first2 = Maïa| title = Descriptive linguistics| encyclopedia = Theory in Social and Cultural Anthropology: An Encyclopedia| date = 2013 |url=http://alex.francois.online.fr/data/Francois-Ponsonnet_Descriptive-Linguistics_Theory-Social-Cultural-Anthropology_184-187.pdf |ref=FPencyclo}}
* {{cite journal |last=Ingerman |first=Peter Zilahy |date=March 1967 |title="Pāṇini-Backus Form" Suggested |journal=Communications of the ACM |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=137 |doi=10.1145/363162.363165 |s2cid=52817672 }} Ingerman suggests that the then-called [[Backus–Naur form|Backus normal form]] be renamed to the Pāṇini–Backus form, to give due credit to Pāṇini as the earliest independent inventor.
* {{cite journal|last1=Kadvany|first1=John|title=Positional Value and Linguistic Recursion|journal=Journal of Indian Philosophy|date=8 February 2008|volume=35|issue=5–6|pages=487–520|doi=10.1007/s10781-007-9025-5|citeseerx=10.1.1.565.2083|s2cid=52885600}}
* {{cite book| author=Tibor Kiss|title=Syntax - Theory and Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgVfCAAAQBAJ |year= 2015| publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-037740-8}}
* {{Citation | last =Lidova | first =Natalia | year =1994 | title =Drama and Ritual of Early Hinduism | publisher =Motilal Banarsidass | isbn =978-81-208-1234-5}}
* {{Citation | last =Locjtfeld | first =James G. | year =2002a | title =The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M | publisher =The Rosen Publishing Group | isbn =978-0-8239-3179-8 | url-access =registration | url =https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch }}
* {{Citation | last =Misra | first =Kamal K. | year =2000 | title =Textbook of Anthropological Linguistics | publisher =Concept Publishing Company}}
* {{cite book |last1=Prince|first1=Alan|author-link1=Alan Prince|last2=Smolensky|first2=Paul|author-link2=Paul Smolensky|title=Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JGBrYc-eJpMC|date=15 April 2008|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-75939-4}}
* T. R. N. Rao. [http://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/t_es/t_es_rao-t_syntax.htm ''Pāṇini-backus form of languages''.] 1998.
* {{Citation | last =Scharfe | first =Hartmut | year =1977 | title =Grammatical Literature | publisher =Otto Harrassowitz Verlag | isbn =978-3-447-01706-0 | url =https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.202747/2015.202747.Grammatical-Literature_djvu.txt}}
* {{Citation | last =Staal | first =Frits | title =Euclid and Pāṇini | journal =Philosophy East and West |volume=15 |number=2 |date=April 1965 |author-link =Frits Staal |pages=99–116 | jstor =1397332 | doi =10.2307/1397332 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Staal |first1=Frits |title=A Reader on the Sanskrit Grammarians |url=https://archive.org/details/readeronsanskrit0000staa |date=1972 |publisher=MIT Press |isbn=0-262-19078-8}}
* {{Citation| last =Staal | first =Frits |year =1996 | title =Ritual and Mantras: Rules Without Meaning | publisher =[[Motilal Banarsidass]] | isbn =978-8120814127}}
* [[Kapil Muni Tiwary|Tiwary, Kapil Muni]] 1968 Pāṇini's description of nominal compounds, University of Pennsylvania doctoral dissertation, unpublished.
* {{Citation | last =Vergiani | first =Vincenzo | year =2017 | chapter =Bhartrhari on Language, Perception, and Consciousness | editor-last =Ganeri | editor-first =Jonardon | title =The Oxford Handbook of Indian Philosophy | publisher =Oxford University Press| isbn =9780199314638 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Npg4DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Bhartrhari+on+Language%2C+Perception%2C+and+Consciousnes%22&pg=PA231}}
* {{Citation | last =Witzel | first =Michael| year =2009 | title =Moving Targets? Texts, language, archaeology and history in the Late Vedic and early Buddhist periods | journal =Indo-Iranian Journal | volume =52| issue =2–3| pages =287–310| url =http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:8457940| doi =10.1163/001972409X12562030836859}}
{{refend}}


[[Kategori:Tokoh Hindu]]
[[Kategori:Tokoh Hindu]]
[[Kategori:Kata dan frasa Sanskerta]]
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Revisi terkini sejak 24 Februari 2023 07.02

Pāṇini
Naskah kulit kayu betula abad ke-17 dari risalah tata bahasa oleh Pāṇini dari Kashmir
Nama asalbahasa Sanskerta: पाणिनि
Karya terkenalAṣṭādhyāyī (Bahasa Sanskerta Klasik)
Erakira-kira abad ke-4 SM;[1][2][3];
kira-kira 400–350 SM[4];
kira-kira abad ke-6–5 SM[5][6]
KawasanSubbenua India barat laut [a]
Minat utama
Tata bahasa, linguistik

Ahli bahasa terhebat zaman kuno
Pāṇini.. adalah ahli bahasa terhebat pada zaman kuno, dan pantas diperlakukan seperti itu.

— JF Staal, ahli bahasa Sanskerta[8]

Pāṇini (aksara Dewanagari: पाणिन ; IPA pɑːɳɪn̪ɪ) adalah seorang ahli bahasa dari Gandhara yang diperkirakan hidup antara abad ke-7 SM sampai abad ke-3 SM. Ia terutama termasyhur karena yang pertama kali menulis tentang tata bahasa Sanskerta yang berjudul Aṣṭādhyāyī. Karyanya ini memuat 3.959 hukum bahasa Sanskerta.

  1. ^ Menurut George Cardonna, kemungkinan Pāṇini berasal dari Salatura di bagian barat laut anak benua India.[4] Mungkin di Gandhara purba.[7]

Referensi

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Catatan kaki

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  1. ^ Vergiani 2017, hlm. 243, n.4.
  2. ^ Bronkhorst 2016, hlm. 171.
  3. ^ Houben 2009, hlm. 6.
  4. ^ a b Cardona 1997, hlm. 268.
  5. ^ Staal 1996, hlm. 39.
  6. ^ Scharfe 1977, hlm. 88.
  7. ^ Staal 1965.
  8. ^ Staal 1972, hlm. xi.

Daftar pustaka

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