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Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{Elementbox
{{Elementbox
|name=besi
|name=besi
|pronounce={{IPAc-en|'|aɪ|.|ər|n}}
|pronounce=
|number=26
|number=26
|symbol=Fe
|symbol=Fe
|left=[[mangan]]
|left=[[mangan]]
|right=[[kobalt]]
|right=[[kobalt]]
|above=-
|above=–
|below=[[rutenium|Ru]]
|below=[[rutenium|Ru]]
|series=logam transisi
|series=logam transisi
Baris 15: Baris 15:
|series color=
|series color=
|phase color=
|phase color=
|appearance=logam berkilau dengan semburat kelabu
|appearance=metalik berkilau dengan semburat kelabu
|image name=Iron_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg
|image name=Iron_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg
|image alt=Sebuah irisan kasar logam keperakan
|image alt=Sebuah irisan kasar logam keperakan
|image size=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name comment=Kubus dan potongan besi murni
|image name 2=Iron Spectrum.jpg
|image name 2=Iron Spectrum.jpg
|image name 2 comment=[[Garis spektrum]] besi
|image name 2 comment=Garis spektrum besi
|atomic mass=55.845
|atomic mass=
|atomic mass 2=2
|atomic mass 2=
|atomic mass comment=
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration=&#91;[[argon|Ar]]&#93; 3d<sup>6</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup>
|electron configuration=&#91;[[argon|Ar]]&#93; 3d<sup>6</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 14, 2
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 14, 2
|color=
|color=
|phase= solid
|phase=padat
|density gpcm3nrt=7.874
|density gpcm3nrt=7,874
|density gpcm3mp=6.98
|density gpcm3mp=6,98
|melting point K=1811
|melting point K=1811
|melting point C=1538
|melting point C=1538
Baris 41: Baris 41:
|critical point K=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=13.81
|heat fusion=13,81
|heat fusion 2=
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=340
|heat vaporization=340
|heat capacity=25.10
|heat capacity=25,10
|vapor pressure 1=1728
|vapor pressure 1=1728
|vapor pressure 10=1890
|vapor pressure 10=1890
Baris 52: Baris 52:
|vapor pressure 100 k=3132
|vapor pressure 100 k=3132
|vapor pressure comment=
|vapor pressure comment=

|crystal structure=body-centered cubic
|crystal structure=body-centered cubic
|crystal structure comment=''a''=286.65 pm;
|crystal structure comment=''a''=286,65 pm;
⚫
|crystal structure 2=face-centered cubic

⚫
|crystal structure 2 comment=antara 1185–1667 K; ''a''=364,680 pm
⚫
|crystal structure2=face-centered cubic
⚫
|electronegativity=1,83
⚫
|crystal structure comment2=antara 1185–1667 K
| oxidation states = 6, 5,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/zaac.19824910109|title=Recent developments in the field of high oxidation states of transition elements in oxides stabilization of Six-coordinated Iron(V)|year=1982|author=Demazeau, G.|journal=Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie|volume=491|pages=60|last2=Buffat|first2=B.|last3=Pouchard|first3=M.|last4=Hagenmuller|first4=P.}}</ref> 4, '''3''', '''2''', 1<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/266.pdf| author =Ram, R. S. and Bernath, P. F.| journal=Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy |volume =221| year =2003| page = 261|bibcode = 2003JMoSp.221..261R |doi = 10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00225-X|title=Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g<sup>4</sup>Δ-a<sup>4</sup>Δ system of FeCl|issue=2 }}</ref>, -1, -2

|oxidation states comment=oksida [[amfoter]]
⚫
|electronegativity=1.83
|number of ionization energies=4
|number of ionization energies=4
|1st ionization energy=762.5
|ionization energy 1=762,5
|2nd ionization energy=1561.9
|ionization energy 2=1561,9
|3rd ionization energy=2957
|ionization energy 3=2957
|atomic radius=126
|atomic radius=126
|atomic radius calculated=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=132±3 (spin rendah), 152±6 (spin tinggi)
|covalent radius=Spin rendah: 132±3 pm<br/>Spin tinggi: 152±6
|Van der Waals radius=
|Van der Waals radius=194 [https://periodic.lanl.gov/26.shtml]
|magnetic ordering=[[feromagnetik]]
|magnetic ordering=[[Feromagnetisme|feromagnetik]]
|Curie point=1043
|Curie point K=1043
|Magnetic saturation at r.t. = 1707 T
|Magnetic saturation at r.t. = 1707 T
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=96.1 n
|electrical resistivity at 20=96,1
|thermal conductivity=80.4
|thermal conductivity=80,4
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=11.8
|thermal expansion at 25=11,8
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=(elektrolitik)<br />5120
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=5120
|speed of sound rod at r.t. comment=(elektrolitik)
|magnetic susceptibility=
|magnetic susceptibility ref=
|Young's modulus=211
|Young's modulus=211
|Shear modulus=82
|Shear modulus=82
|Bulk modulus=170
|Bulk modulus=170
|Poisson ratio=0.29
|Poisson ratio=0,29
|Mohs hardness=4
|Mohs hardness=4
|Vickers hardness=608
|Vickers hardness=608
|Brinell hardness=490
|Brinell hardness=200–1180
|CAS number=7439-89-6
|CAS number=7439-89-6
|isotopes=
|isotopes=
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=54 | sym=Fe | na=5.8% | hl=>3.1×10<sup>22</sup>[[tahun|thn]] | dm=2ε capture |de=? | pn=54 | ps=[[chromium|Cr]] }}
{{infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=54 | sym=Fe | na=5,85% | n=28 |firstlinks=yes}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=55 | sym=Fe | na=[[radioisotop sintetik|syn]] | hl=2.73 y | dm=ε capture | de=0.231 | pn=55 | ps=[[mangan|Mn]] }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=55 | sym=Fe | na=[[Radioisotop sintetis|sintetis]] |link=Besi-55 | hl=2,73&nbsp;thn | dm=[[Penangkapan elektron|ε]] | de=0,231 | link1=mangan-55 | pn=55 | ps=Mn}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=56 | sym=Fe | na=91.72% | n=30 }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=56 | sym=Fe | na=91,75%
|n=30 | link=Besi-56 |firstlinks=no}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=57 | sym=Fe | na=2.2% | n=31 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=58 | sym=Fe | na=0.28% | n=32 }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=57 | sym=Fe | na=2,12%
|n=31 |firstlinks=no}}
⚫
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=59 | sym=Fe | na=[[radioisotop sintetik|syn]] | hl=44.503 d | dm=[[peluruhan beta|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=1.565 | pn=59 | ps=[[cobalt|Co]] }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=58 | sym=Fe | na=0,28%
⚫
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=60 | sym=Fe | na=[[radioisotop sintetik|syn]] | hl=2.6×10<sup>6</sup> y | dm=[[peluruhan beta|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=3.978 | pn=60 | ps=[[cobalt|Co]] }}
|n=32 |firstlinks=no}}
⚫
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=59 | sym=Fe | na=sintetis | hl=44,6&nbsp;hri | dm=[[Peluruhan beta|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=1,565 | link1=kobalt-59 | pn=59 | ps=Co }}
⚫
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=60 | sym=Fe | na=[[Radioisotop renik|renik]] | hl=2,6{{e|6}} thn | dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=3,978 | link1=kobalt-60 | pn=60 | ps=Co }}
|isotopes comment=
|isotopes comment=
|discovery date=sebelum [[Milenium ke-5 SM|5000 SM]]
|QID=Q677
}}<noinclude>{{Template reference list}}[[Kategori:Templat kotak info tabel periodik|B]]
}}<noinclude>{{Template reference list}}[[Kategori:Templat kotak info tabel periodik|B]]


Revisi terkini sejak 16 Maret 2023 17.15

26Fe
Besi
Sebuah irisan kasar logam keperakan
Kubus dan potongan besi murni
Garis spektrum besi
Sifat umum
Pengucapan/bêsi/[1]
Alotroplihat alotrop besi
Penampilanmetalik berkilau dengan semburat kelabu
Besi dalam tabel periodik
Perbesar gambar

26Fe
Hidrogen Helium
Lithium Berilium Boron Karbon Nitrogen Oksigen Fluor Neon
Natrium Magnesium Aluminium Silikon Fosfor Sulfur Clor Argon
Potasium Kalsium Skandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Mangan Besi Cobalt Nikel Tembaga Seng Gallium Germanium Arsen Selen Bromin Kripton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
–
↑
Fe
↓
Ru
mangan ← besi → kobalt
Lihat bagan navigasi yang diperbesar
Nomor atom (Z)26
Golongangolongan 8
Periodeperiode 4
Blokblok-d
Kategori unsur  logam transisi
Berat atom standar (Ar)
  • 55,845±0,002
  • 55,845±0,002 (diringkas)
Konfigurasi elektron[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Elektron per kelopak2, 8, 14, 2
Sifat fisik
Fase pada STS (0 °C dan 101,325 kPa)padat
Titik lebur1811 K ​(1538 °C, ​2800 °F)
Titik didih3134 K ​(2862 °C, ​5182 °F)
Kepadatan mendekati s.k.7,874 g/cm3
saat cair, pada t.l.6,98 g/cm3
Kalor peleburan13,81 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan340 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar25,10 J/(mol·K)
Tekanan uap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
pada T (K) 1728 1890 2091 2346 2679 3132
Sifat atom
Bilangan oksidasi−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,[2] +2, +3, +4, +5,[3] +6, +7[4] (oksida amfoter)
ElektronegativitasSkala Pauling: 1,83
Energi ionisasike-1: 762,5 kJ/mol
ke-2: 1561,9 kJ/mol
ke-3: 2957 kJ/mol
(artikel)
Jari-jari atomempiris: 126 pm
Jari-jari kovalenSpin rendah: 132±3 pm
Spin tinggi: 152±6 pm
Jari-jari van der Waals194 [1] pm
Lain-lain
Kelimpahan alamiprimordial
Struktur kristal ​kubus berpusat badan (bcc)
Struktur kristal Body-centered cubic untuk besi

a=286,65 pm;
Struktur kristal ​kubus berpusat muka (fcc)
Struktur kristal Face-centered cubic untuk besi

antara 1185–1667 K; a=364,680 pm
Kecepatan suara batang ringan5120 m/s (pada s.k.) (elektrolitik)
Ekspansi kalor11,8 µm/(m·K) (suhu 25 °C)
Konduktivitas termal80,4 W/(m·K)
Resistivitas listrik96,1 nΩ·m (suhu 20 °C)
Titik Curie1043 K
Arah magnetferomagnetik
Modulus Young211 GPa
Modulus Shear82 GPa
Modulus curah170 GPa
Rasio Poisson0,29
Skala Mohs4
Skala Vickers608 MPa
Skala Brinell200–1180 MPa
Nomor CAS7439-89-6
Sejarah
Penemuansebelum 5000 SM
Simbol"Fe": dari Latin ferrum
Isotop besi yang utama
Iso­top Kelim­pahan Waktu paruh (t1/2) Mode peluruhan Pro­duk
54Fe 5,85% stabil
55Fe sintetis 2,73 thn ε 55Mn
56Fe 91,75% stabil
57Fe 2,12% stabil
58Fe 0,28% stabil
59Fe sintetis 44,6 hri β− 59Co
60Fe renik 2,6×106 thn β− 60Co
| referensi | di Wikidata

Referensi

Daftar referensi akan muncul dalam artikel utama.
  1. ^ (Indonesia) "Besi". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022. 
  2. ^ Ram, R. S.; Bernath, P. F. (2003). "Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g4Δ–a4Δ system of FeCl". Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 221 (2): 261. Bibcode:2003JMoSp.221..261R. doi:10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00225-X. 
  3. ^ Demazeau, G.; Buffat, B.; Pouchard, M.; Hagenmuller, P. (1982). "Recent developments in the field of high oxidation states of transition elements in oxides stabilization of six-coordinated Iron(V)". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 491: 60–66. doi:10.1002/zaac.19824910109. 
  4. ^ Lu, J.; Jian, J.; Huang, W.; Lin, H.; Li, J; Zhou, M. (2016). "Experimental and theoretical identification of the Fe(VII) oxidation state in FeO4−". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 18 (45): 31125–31131. Bibcode:2016PCCP...1831125L. doi:10.1039/C6CP06753K. PMID 27812577. 





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