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Templat:Kotak info timbal: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 3: Baris 3:
|symbol=Pb
|symbol=Pb
|name=timbal
|name=timbal
|pronounce={{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ɛ|d}} {{respell|led|'}}
|left=[[talium]]
|left=[[talium]]
|right=[[bismut]]
|right=[[bismut]]
|above=[[timah|Sn]]
|above=[[timah|Sn]]
|below=[[flerovium|Fl]]
|below=[[flerovium|Fl]]
|series= logam pasca-transisi
|series= logam miskin
|series comment =
|series comment =
|group=14
|group=14
Baris 14: Baris 13:
|block=p
|block=p
|image name= Lead electrolytic and 1cm3 cube.jpg
|image name= Lead electrolytic and 1cm3 cube.jpg
|image name comment=
|image name comment=Nodul timbal murni dan kubus timbal 1 cm<sup>3</sup>
|image name 2=Lead spectrum visible.png
|image name 2 comment=Garis spektrum timbal
|appearance=abu-abu metalik
|appearance=abu-abu metalik
|atomic mass= 207.2
|atomic mass=
|standard atomic weight ref={{sfn|Meija|Coplen|Berglund|Brand|2016}}
|electron configuration= &#91;[[xenon|Xe]]&#93; 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> 6p<sup>2</sup>
|electron configuration= &#91;[[xenon|Xe]]&#93; 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> 6p<sup>2</sup>
|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
|phase= solid
|phase= padat
|density gpcm3nrt= 11.34
|density gpcm3nrt= 11,34
|density gpcm3mp= 10.66
|density gpcm3mp= 10,66
|melting point K=600.61
|melting point K=600,61
|melting point C=327.46
|melting point C=327,46
|melting point F=621.43
|melting point F=621,43
|boiling point K=2022
|boiling point K=2022
|boiling point C=1749
|boiling point C=1749
|boiling point F=3180
|boiling point F=3180
|heat fusion= 4.77
|heat fusion= 4,77
|heat vaporization= 179.5
|heat vaporization= 179,5
|heat capacity= 26.650
|heat capacity= 26,650
|vapor pressure 1= 978
|vapor pressure 1= 978
|vapor pressure 10= 1088
|vapor pressure 10= 1088
Baris 39: Baris 41:
|vapor pressure comment=
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure= face-centered cubic
|crystal structure= face-centered cubic
|crystal structure comment=''a''=495,08&nbsp;pm
|oxidation states= 4, '''2''' (oksida [[Amfoter]])
|electronegativity= 2.33
|electronegativity= 1,87 (+2) 2,33 (+4)
|number of ionization energies=3
|number of ionization energies=3
|1st ionization energy= 715.6
|ionization energy 1=715,6
|2nd ionization energy= 1450.5
|ionization energy 2=1450,5
|3rd ionization energy= 3081.5
|ionization energy 3=3081,5
|atomic radius= 175
|atomic radius= 175
|covalent radius= 146±5
|covalent radius= 146±5
|Van der Waals radius= 202
|Van der Waals radius= 202
|magnetic ordering= [[diamagnetik]]
|magnetic ordering= [[diamagnetik]]
|electrical resistivity at 20= 208 n
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity at 20= 208
|thermal conductivity= 35.3
|thermal expansion at 25= 28.9
|thermal conductivity= 35,3
|thermal expansion at 25= 28,9
|speed of sound rod at r.t.= (annealed)<br />1190
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=1190
|Young's modulus= 16
|speed of sound rod at r.t. comment=(teranil)
|Shear modulus= 5.6
|magnetic susceptibility= {{val|−23.0|e=−6}}
|Bulk modulus= 46
|magnetic susceptibility ref= &#x20;(suhu 298&nbsp;K){{sfn|Weast|Astle|Beyer|1983|p=E110}}
|Poisson ratio= 0.44
|Young's modulus=16
|Mohs hardness= 1.5
|Shear modulus=5,6
|Brinell hardness= 38.3
|Bulk modulus=46
|CAS number= 7439-92-1
|Poisson ratio=0,44
|isotopes=
|Mohs hardness=1,5
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=204 | sym=Pb
|Brinell hardness=38–50
| na=1.4% | hl=>1.4×10<sup>17</sup> [[tahun|thn]]
|Brinell hardness comment=
| dm=[[emisi alfa|α]] | de=2.186 | pn=200 | ps=[[merkuri|Hg]]}}
|CAS number=7439-92-1
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=205 | sym=Pb
|isotopes=
| na=[[radioisotop sintetik|syn]] | hl=1.53×10<sup>7</sup> [[tahun|thn]]
{{infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=204 | sym=Pb | na=1,4% | n=122 |firstlinks=yes}}
| dm=[[penangkapan elektron|ε]] | de=0.051 | pn=205 | ps=[[talium|Tl]]}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=206 | sym=Pb | na=24.1% | n=124}}
<!--{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=205 | sym=Pb
|na=[[Radioisotop renik|renik]] | hl=1,53{{e|7}} thn
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=207 | sym=Pb | na=22.1% | n=125}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=208 | sym=Pb | na=52.4% | n=126}}
|dm=ε | de=0,051 | link1=talium-205 | pn=205 | ps=Tl}}-->
{{infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=206 | sym=Pb | na=24,1% | n=124 |firstlinks=no}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay2 | mn=210 | sym=Pb
{{infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=207 | sym=Pb | na=22,1% | n=125 |firstlinks=no}}
| na=[[radioisotop sisa|sisa]] | hl=22.3 [[year|y]]
{{infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=208 | sym=Pb | na=52,4% | n=126 |firstlinks=no}}
| dm1=α | de1=3.792 | pn1=206 | ps1=[[merkuri|Hg]]
<!--{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=210 | sym=Pb
| dm2=[[emisi beta|β]] | de2=0.064 | pn2=210 | ps2=[[bismut|Bi]]}}
|na=renik | hl=22,3&nbsp;thn
|isotopes comment=
|dm=[[Peluruhan beta|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=0,064 | link1=bismut-210 | pn=210 | ps=Bi}}-->
}} <noinclude>{{Template reference list}}[[Category:Templat kotak info tabel periodik|T]]
|isotopes comment=Kelimpahan isotop sangat bervariasi menurut sampel
[[en:Template:Infobox lead]]
|discovered by=[[Timur Tengah]]
[[fa:الگو:جعبه اطلاعات سرب]]
|discovery date=[[Milenium ke-7 SM|7000 SM]]
|QID=Q708
}} <noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=Pb}}
{{Template reference list}}
[[Kategori:Templat kotak info tabel periodik|Timbal]]
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}



</noinclude>
</noinclude>

Revisi terkini sejak 17 Maret 2023 04.27

82Pb
Timbal
Nodul timbal murni dan kubus timbal 1 cm3
Garis spektrum timbal
Sifat umum
Pengucapan/timbal/[1]
Penampilanabu-abu metalik
Timbal dalam tabel periodik
Perbesar gambar

82Pb
Hidrogen Helium
Lithium Berilium Boron Karbon Nitrogen Oksigen Fluor Neon
Natrium Magnesium Aluminium Silikon Fosfor Sulfur Clor Argon
Potasium Kalsium Skandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Mangan Besi Cobalt Nikel Tembaga Seng Gallium Germanium Arsen Selen Bromin Kripton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Sn

Pb

Fl
taliumtimbalbismut
Lihat bagan navigasi yang diperbesar
Nomor atom (Z)82
Golongangolongan 14 (golongan karbon)
Periodeperiode 6
Blokblok-p
Kategori unsur  logam miskin
Berat atom standar (Ar)
  • [206,14207,94]
  • 207,2±1,1 (diringkas)[2]
Konfigurasi elektron[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Elektron per kelopak2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Sifat fisik
Fase pada STS (0 °C dan 101,325 kPa)padat
Titik lebur600,61 K ​(327,46 °C, ​621,43 °F)
Titik didih2022 K ​(1749 °C, ​3180 °F)
Kepadatan mendekati s.k.11,34 g/cm3
saat cair, pada t.l.10,66 g/cm3
Kalor peleburan4,77 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan179,5 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar26,650 J/(mol·K)
Tekanan uap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
pada T (K) 978 1088 1229 1412 1660 2027
Sifat atom
Bilangan oksidasi−4, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4 (oksida amfoter)
ElektronegativitasSkala Pauling: 1,87 (+2) 2,33 (+4)
Energi ionisasike-1: 715,6 kJ/mol
ke-2: 1450,5 kJ/mol
ke-3: 3081,5 kJ/mol
Jari-jari atomempiris: 175 pm
Jari-jari kovalen146±5 pm
Jari-jari van der Waals202 pm
Lain-lain
Kelimpahan alamiprimordial
Struktur kristalkubus berpusat muka (fcc)
Struktur kristal Face-centered cubic untuk timbal

a=495,08 pm
Kecepatan suara batang ringan1190 m/s (pada s.k.) (teranil)
Ekspansi kalor28,9 µm/(m·K) (suhu 25 °C)
Konduktivitas termal35,3 W/(m·K)
Resistivitas listrik208 nΩ·m (suhu 20 °C)
Arah magnetdiamagnetik
Suseptibilitas magnetik molar−23,0×10−6 cm3/mol (suhu 298 K)[3]
Modulus Young16 GPa
Modulus Shear5,6 GPa
Modulus curah46 GPa
Rasio Poisson0,44
Skala Mohs1,5
Skala Brinell38–50 MPa
Nomor CAS7439-92-1
Sejarah
PenemuanTimur Tengah (7000 SM)
Simbol"Pb": dari Latin plumbum
Isotop timbal yang utama
Iso­top Kelim­pahan Waktu paruh (t1/2) Mode peluruhan Pro­duk
204Pb 1,4% stabil
206Pb 24,1% stabil
207Pb 22,1% stabil
208Pb 52,4% stabil
Kelimpahan isotop sangat bervariasi menurut sampel
| referensi | di Wikidata
<nama unsur>PT
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→ H

Referensi

  1. ^ (Indonesia) "Timbal". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022. 
  2. ^ Meija et al. 2016.
  3. ^ Weast, Astle & Beyer 1983, hlm. E110.