Angkatan Laut Australia: Perbedaan antara revisi
kTidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
Ginjiharja (bicara | kontrib) Fitur saranan suntingan: 3 pranala ditambahkan. |
||
(11 revisi perantara oleh 7 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1: | Baris 1: | ||
{{Infobox military unit |
{{Infobox military unit |
||
| unit_name = |
| unit_name = Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Australia |
||
| image = |
| image = [[Berkas:Badge of the Royal Australian Navy.svg|130px]] |
||
| caption = |
| caption =Lambang Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Australia |
||
| dates = |
| dates = 10 Juli 1911 – kini |
||
| country = Australia |
| country = {{flag|Australia}} |
||
| type = [[ |
| type = [[Angkatan Laut]] |
||
| size = 14,215 Personil tetap<ref name="auto">{{cite book|title=Defence Issues Paper|date=2014|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia|page=29|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/whitepaper/docs/defenceissuespaper2014.pdf|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><br>8,493 Personil cadangan<ref name="auto"/><br/>48 kapal pesanan<br>3 kapal bukan pesanan |
| size = 14,215 Personil tetap<ref name="auto">{{cite book|title=Defence Issues Paper|date=2014|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia|page=29|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/whitepaper/docs/defenceissuespaper2014.pdf|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref><br>8,493 Personil cadangan<ref name="auto"/><br/>48 kapal pesanan<br>3 kapal bukan pesanan |
||
| command_structure = [[Angkatan Bersenjata Australia]] |
| command_structure = [[Angkatan Bersenjata Australia]] |
||
| garrison = [[Russell Offices]], [[Canberra]] |
| garrison = [[Russell Offices]], [[Canberra]] |
||
| garrison_label = Headquarters |
| garrison_label = Headquarters |
||
| motto = |
| motto = Serving Australia with Pride<br>''Melayani Australia dengan Bangga'' |
||
| march = |
| march = ''[[Royal Australian Navy (music)|Royal Australian Navy]]'' |
||
| mascot = |
| mascot = |
||
| battles = * [[Perang Dunia I]] |
| battles = * [[Perang Dunia I]] |
||
* [[Perang Dunia II]] |
* [[Perang Dunia II]] |
||
* [[Perang Korea]] |
* [[Perang Korea]] |
||
* [[ |
* [[Kedaruratan Malaya]] |
||
* [[Konfrontasi Indonesia–Malaysia]] |
|||
* [[Indonesian Confrontation]] |
|||
* [[Perang Vietnam]] |
* [[Perang Vietnam]] |
||
* [[Perang Teluk]] |
* [[Perang Teluk]] |
||
* [[Perang di |
* [[Perang di Afganistan (2001–2021)|Perang di Afganistan]] |
||
* [[Perang Irak]] |
* [[Perang Irak]] |
||
| anniversaries = 10 Juli |
| anniversaries = 10 Juli |
||
| website = {{url|www.navy.gov.au/}}<!-- Commanders --> |
| website = {{url|www.navy.gov.au/}}<!-- Commanders --> |
||
| commander1 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Governor-General of Australia.svg|size=23px}} [[Daftar Gubernur Jenderal Australia|Gubernur-Jenderal]] [[David Hurley]] sebagai perwakilan [[Charles III|Raja Charles III]] selaku [[Kerajaan Australia|Raja Australia]]<ref>{{cite web |url = http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/coaca430/s68.html |title = Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act – Section 68: Command of naval and military forces }}</ref> |
|||
| commander1 = General [[Peter Cosgrove|Sir Peter Cosgrove]] <br> As [[Governor-General of Australia]] |
|||
| commander1_label = |
| commander1_label = Panglima Tertinggi |
||
| commander2 = |
| commander2 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Chief of the Defence Force (Australia).svg|size=23px}} [[Jenderal]] [[Angus Campbell]] |
||
| commander2_label = |
| commander2_label = Panglima Angkatan Pertahanan |
||
| commander3 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Australian Navy Board.svg|size=23px}} [[Laksamana Madya]] [[Michael Noonan]] |
|||
| commander3 = Vice Admiral [[David Johnston (admiral)|David Johnston]] |
|||
| commander3_label = |
| commander3_label = Kepala Angkatan Laut |
||
| commander4 = [[Vice admiral (Australia)|Vice Admiral]] [[Michael Noonan (admiral)|Michael Noonan]] |
|||
| commander4_label = [[Chief of Navy (Australia)|Chief of Navy]] |
|||
| commander5 = Rear Admiral [[Mark Hammond (admiral)|Mark Hammond]] |
|||
| commander5_label = [[Deputy Chief of Navy (Australia)|Deputy Chief of Navy]] |
|||
| commander6 = Rear Admiral [[Jonathan Mead]] |
|||
| commander6_label = [[Commander Australian Fleet]]<!-- Aircraft --> |
|||
| aircraft_attack = |
| aircraft_attack = |
||
| aircraft_bomber = |
| aircraft_bomber = |
||
Baris 43: | Baris 37: | ||
| aircraft_interceptor = |
| aircraft_interceptor = |
||
| aircraft_patrol = |
| aircraft_patrol = |
||
| aircraft_recon = |
| aircraft_recon = |
||
| aircraft_trainer = |
| aircraft_trainer = |
||
| aircraft_transport = [[ |
| aircraft_transport = | identification_symbol = [[Berkas:Naval Ensign of Australia.svg|center|120px]] |
||
| identification_symbol_label = Bendera |
|||
<!-- Insignia -->| identification_symbol = [[File:Naval Ensign of Australia.svg|200px|border]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
| identification_symbol_label = [[Australian White Ensign|Naval ensign]] (1967–present) |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
| identification_symbol_3 = |
| identification_symbol_3 = |
||
| identification_symbol_3_label = |
| identification_symbol_3_label = |
||
|native_name=Royal Australian Navy}} |
|||
}} |
|||
'''Angkatan Laut Australia''' ('''Royal Australian Navy/RAN''') adalah [[navy|cabang kelautan]] dari [[Angkatan Bersenjata Australia]]. Mengikuti [[Federasi Australia]] |
'''Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Australia''' ([[bahasa Inggris]]: '''Royal Australian Navy/RAN''') adalah [[navy|cabang kelautan]] dari [[Angkatan Bersenjata Australia]]. Mengikuti [[Federasi Australia]] pada tahun 1901, kapal-kapal dan sumber daya dari [[Angkatan laut kolonial Australia|angkatan laut kolonial]] yang terpisah diintegrasikan ke dalam sebuah angkatan nasional, dinamai '''Commonwealth Naval Forces'''. Pada awalnya ditujukan untuk pertahanan lokal, angkatan laut dianugerahi nama 'Angkatan Laut Australia' padah tahun 1911, dan semakin terlibat dalam pertahanan wilayah. |
||
[[Skuadron Australia]] Kerajaan Inggris [[Royal Navy]] ditugaskan ke [[Australia Station]] dan menyediakan dukungan ke RAN. Pemerintah Australia dan Selandia Baru membantu mendanai Skuadron Australia sampai 1913, sementara Admiralty berkomitmen menjaga Skuadron pada suatu kekuatan tetap.<ref name=Oxcom>{{cite book |last=Dennis |first=Peter |author2=Grey, Jeffrey|author3= Morris, Ewan|author4= Prior, Robin |title=The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=South Melbourne, VIC |date=2008 |edition=2 |isbn=978-0-19-551784-2 |oclc=271822831}}</ref> Skuadron Australia dibubarkan pada 4 Oktober 1913, ketika kapal-kapal RAN memasuki Pelabuhan Sydney untuk pertama kali.<ref name=Oxcom/> |
[[Skuadron Australia]] Kerajaan Inggris [[Angkatan Laut Britania Raya|Royal Navy]] ditugaskan ke [[Australia Station]] dan menyediakan dukungan ke RAN. Pemerintah Australia dan [[Selandia Baru]] membantu mendanai Skuadron Australia sampai 1913, sementara Admiralty berkomitmen menjaga Skuadron pada suatu kekuatan tetap.<ref name=Oxcom>{{cite book |last=Dennis |first=Peter |author2=Grey, Jeffrey|author3= Morris, Ewan|author4= Prior, Robin |title=The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=South Melbourne, VIC |date=2008 |edition=2 |isbn=978-0-19-551784-2 |oclc=271822831}}</ref> Skuadron Australia dibubarkan pada 4 Oktober 1913, ketika kapal-kapal RAN memasuki Pelabuhan Sydney untuk pertama kali.<ref name=Oxcom/> |
||
Royal Navy tetap menyediakan kapabilitas pertahanan [[ |
Royal Navy tetap menyediakan kapabilitas pertahanan [[Angkatan laut perairan biru|laut biru]] di Pasifik sampai dengan tahun-tahun awal Perang Dunia II. Kemudian, ekspansi masa perang yang laju menghadirkan akuisisi [[kapal permukaan]] yang besar dan pembangunan banyak kapal perang yang lebih kecil. Dalam dekade setelah perang, RAN mengadakan sejumlah kecil [[kapal induk]] pengangkut pesawat, paling akhir [[Paid off|diadakan]] pada tahun 1982. |
||
Saat ini, RAN terdiri dari 48 kapal yang dibangun, 3 kapal yang tidak dibangun, dan lebih dari 16.000 personil. Angkatan laut ini adalah salah satu yang terbesar dan paling canggih di [[Pacific Rim|wilayah Pasifik]] Selatan, dengan kehadiran yang signifikan di Laut Hindia dan operasi di seluruh dunia dalam mendukung kampanye militer dan misi-misi perdamaian. [[Chief of Navy (Australia)|Panglima Angkatan Laut]] saat ini adalah Vice Admiral [[Michael Noonan (admiral)|Michael Noonan]]. |
Saat ini, RAN terdiri dari 48 kapal yang dibangun, 3 kapal yang tidak dibangun, dan lebih dari 16.000 personil. Angkatan laut ini adalah salah satu yang terbesar dan paling canggih di [[Pacific Rim|wilayah Pasifik]] Selatan, dengan kehadiran yang signifikan di Laut Hindia dan operasi di seluruh dunia dalam mendukung kampanye militer dan misi-misi perdamaian. [[Chief of Navy (Australia)|Panglima Angkatan Laut]] saat ini adalah Vice Admiral [[Michael Noonan (admiral)|Michael Noonan]]. |
||
Baris 65: | Baris 58: | ||
==History== |
==History== |
||
{{Main|History of the Royal Australian Navy}} |
{{Main|History of the Royal Australian Navy}} |
||
The Commonwealth Naval Forces were established on 1 March 1901, two months after the [[federation of Australia]], when [[Colonial navies of Australia|the naval forces of the separate Australian colonies]] were amalgamated. A period of uncertainty followed as the policy makers sought to determine the newly established force's requirements and purpose, with the debate focusing upon whether Australia's naval force would be structured mainly for local defence or whether it would be designed to serve as a fleet unit within a larger imperial force, controlled centrally by the British [[Admiralty]].<ref name=Dennis516>Dennis et al 1995, p. 516.</ref> In |
The Commonwealth Naval Forces were established on 1 March 1901, two months after the [[federation of Australia]], when [[Colonial navies of Australia|the naval forces of the separate Australian colonies]] were amalgamated. A period of uncertainty followed as the policy makers sought to determine the newly established force's requirements and purpose, with the debate focusing upon whether Australia's naval force would be structured mainly for local defence or whether it would be designed to serve as a fleet unit within a larger imperial force, controlled centrally by the British [[Admiralty]].<ref name=Dennis516>Dennis et al 1995, p. 516.</ref> In 1908–09, the decision was made to pursue a compromise solution, and the Australian government agreed to establish a force that would be used for local defence but which would be capable of forming a fleet unit within the imperial naval strategy, albeit without central control. As a result, the navy's force structure was set at "one battlecruiser, three light cruisers, six destroyers and three submarines".<ref name=Whitley17>Whitley 2000, p. 17.</ref> |
||
On 10 July 1911, [[George V|King George V]] granted the service the title of "Royal Australian Navy".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/history/feature-histories/ran-brief-history |title=The R.A.N. – A Brief History |last=Stevens |first=David |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=10 August 2013}}</ref> The first of the RAN's new vessels, the destroyer [[HMAS Yarra (D79)|''Yarra'']], was completed in September 1910 and by the outbreak of the [[World War I|First World War]] the majority of the RAN's planned new fleet had been realised.<ref name=Whitley17/> The Australian Squadron was placed under control of the British Admiralty,<ref>Dennis et al 1995, p. 517.</ref> and initially it was tasked with capturing many of Germany's South Pacific colonies and protecting Australian shipping from the [[German East Asia Squadron]]. Later in the war, most of the RAN's major ships operated as part of [[Royal Navy]] forces in the Mediterranean and North Seas, and then later in the Adriatic, and then the Black Sea following the surrender of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name=Whitley17/> |
On 10 July 1911, [[George V|King George V]] granted the service the title of "Royal Australian Navy".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/history/feature-histories/ran-brief-history |title=The R.A.N. – A Brief History |last=Stevens |first=David |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=10 August 2013}}</ref> The first of the RAN's new vessels, the destroyer [[HMAS Yarra (D79)|''Yarra'']], was completed in September 1910 and by the outbreak of the [[World War I|First World War]] the majority of the RAN's planned new fleet had been realised.<ref name=Whitley17/> The Australian Squadron was placed under control of the British Admiralty,<ref>Dennis et al 1995, p. 517.</ref> and initially it was tasked with capturing many of Germany's South Pacific colonies and protecting Australian shipping from the [[German East Asia Squadron]]. Later in the war, most of the RAN's major ships operated as part of [[Royal Navy]] forces in the Mediterranean and North Seas, and then later in the Adriatic, and then the Black Sea following the surrender of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name=Whitley17/> |
||
Baris 73: | Baris 66: | ||
Early in the [[World War II|Second World War]], RAN ships again operated as part of Royal Navy formations, many serving with distinction in the [[Battle of the Mediterranean|Mediterranean]], the [[East African Campaign (World War II)|Red Sea]], the [[Anglo-Iraqi War|Persian Gulf]], the [[Battle of Madagascar|Indian Ocean]], and off the [[Battle of Dakar|West African coast]].<ref>Gillett & Graham 1977, pp. 69–76.</ref> Following the outbreak of the [[Pacific War]] and the virtual destruction of British naval forces in south-east Asia, the RAN operated more independently, or as part of [[United States Navy]] formations. As the navy took on an even greater role, it was expanded significantly and at its height the RAN was the fourth-largest navy in the world, with 39,650 personnel operating 337 warships.<ref name=Dennis518/> A total of 34 vessels were lost during the war, including three cruisers and four destroyers.<ref>Gillett & Graham 1977, p. 93.</ref> |
Early in the [[World War II|Second World War]], RAN ships again operated as part of Royal Navy formations, many serving with distinction in the [[Battle of the Mediterranean|Mediterranean]], the [[East African Campaign (World War II)|Red Sea]], the [[Anglo-Iraqi War|Persian Gulf]], the [[Battle of Madagascar|Indian Ocean]], and off the [[Battle of Dakar|West African coast]].<ref>Gillett & Graham 1977, pp. 69–76.</ref> Following the outbreak of the [[Pacific War]] and the virtual destruction of British naval forces in south-east Asia, the RAN operated more independently, or as part of [[United States Navy]] formations. As the navy took on an even greater role, it was expanded significantly and at its height the RAN was the fourth-largest navy in the world, with 39,650 personnel operating 337 warships.<ref name=Dennis518/> A total of 34 vessels were lost during the war, including three cruisers and four destroyers.<ref>Gillett & Graham 1977, p. 93.</ref> |
||
After the Second World War, the size of the RAN was again reduced, but it gained new capabilities with the acquisition of two aircraft carriers, [[HMAS Sydney (R17)|''Sydney'']] and [[HMAS Melbourne (R21)|''Melbourne'']].<ref>Gillett & Graham 1977, p. 94.</ref> The RAN saw action in many [[Cold War]]–era conflicts in the Asia-Pacific region and operated alongside the Royal Navy and United States Navy off Korea, Malaysia, and Vietnam.<ref>Dennis et al 1995, pp. 519–520.</ref> Since the end of the Cold War, the RAN has been part of Coalition forces in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean, operating in support of [[Operation Slipper]] and undertaking counter piracy operations. It was also deployed in support of Australian peacekeeping operations in [[INTERFET|East Timor]] and the [[RAMSI|Solomon Islands]].<ref name=workingpaper>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Working_Paper_18.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227081723/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Working_Paper_18.pdf |title=Database of Royal Australian Navy Operations, |
After the Second World War, the size of the RAN was again reduced, but it gained new capabilities with the acquisition of two aircraft carriers, [[HMAS Sydney (R17)|''Sydney'']] and [[HMAS Melbourne (R21)|''Melbourne'']].<ref>Gillett & Graham 1977, p. 94.</ref> The RAN saw action in many [[Cold War]]–era conflicts in the Asia-Pacific region and operated alongside the Royal Navy and United States Navy off Korea, Malaysia, and Vietnam.<ref>Dennis et al 1995, pp. 519–520.</ref> Since the end of the Cold War, the RAN has been part of Coalition forces in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean, operating in support of [[Operation Slipper]] and undertaking counter piracy operations. It was also deployed in support of Australian peacekeeping operations in [[INTERFET|East Timor]] and the [[RAMSI|Solomon Islands]].<ref name=workingpaper>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Working_Paper_18.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227081723/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Working_Paper_18.pdf |title=Database of Royal Australian Navy Operations, 1990–2005 |publisher=Sea Power Centre |series=Working Paper No. 18 |archivedate=27 February 2012 |accessdate=24 August 2014}}</ref> |
||
==RAN today== |
==RAN today== |
||
Baris 306: | Baris 299: | ||
The [[Warrant Officer of the Navy]] (WO-N) is an appointment held by the most senior sailor in the RAN, and holds the rank of warrant officer (WO). However, the WO-N does not wear the WO rank insignia; instead, they wear the special insignia of the appointment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/about/senior-leadership-group |title=Defence Leaders: Navy |publisher=www.defence.gov.au |accessdate=10 August 2013}}</ref> The WO-N appointment has similar equivalent appointments in the other services, each holding the rank of warrant officer, each being the most senior sailor/soldier/airman in that service, and each wearing their own special insignia rather than their rank insignia. The Australian Army equivalent is the [[Regimental Sergeant Major of the Army]] (RSM-A)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.army.gov.au/Who-we-are/Leaders/Regimental-Sergeant-Major-Army |title=Regimental Sergeant Major – Army |publisher=www.army.gov.au |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609091654/http://www.army.gov.au/Who-we-are/Leaders/Regimental-Sergeant-Major-Army |archivedate=9 June 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and the Royal Australian Air Force equivalent is the [[Warrant Officer of the Air Force]] (WOFF-AF).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airforce.gov.au/leaders/woff-af.aspx |title=Warrant Officer of the Air Force |publisher=www.airforce.gov.au}}</ref> |
The [[Warrant Officer of the Navy]] (WO-N) is an appointment held by the most senior sailor in the RAN, and holds the rank of warrant officer (WO). However, the WO-N does not wear the WO rank insignia; instead, they wear the special insignia of the appointment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/about/senior-leadership-group |title=Defence Leaders: Navy |publisher=www.defence.gov.au |accessdate=10 August 2013}}</ref> The WO-N appointment has similar equivalent appointments in the other services, each holding the rank of warrant officer, each being the most senior sailor/soldier/airman in that service, and each wearing their own special insignia rather than their rank insignia. The Australian Army equivalent is the [[Regimental Sergeant Major of the Army]] (RSM-A)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.army.gov.au/Who-we-are/Leaders/Regimental-Sergeant-Major-Army |title=Regimental Sergeant Major – Army |publisher=www.army.gov.au |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609091654/http://www.army.gov.au/Who-we-are/Leaders/Regimental-Sergeant-Major-Army |archivedate=9 June 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and the Royal Australian Air Force equivalent is the [[Warrant Officer of the Air Force]] (WOFF-AF).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airforce.gov.au/leaders/woff-af.aspx |title=Warrant Officer of the Air Force |publisher=www.airforce.gov.au}}</ref> |
||
== |
==Lihat juga== |
||
{{Portal|Royal Australian Navy|Military of Australia}} |
{{Portal|Royal Australian Navy|Military of Australia}} |
||
* [[Australian Navy Cadets]] |
* [[Australian Navy Cadets]] |
||
Baris 312: | Baris 305: | ||
* [[Battle and theatre honours of the Royal Australian Navy]] |
* [[Battle and theatre honours of the Royal Australian Navy]] |
||
* [[Royal Australian Navy School of Underwater Medicine]] |
* [[Royal Australian Navy School of Underwater Medicine]] |
||
-->== Struktur == |
|||
=== Struktur komando === |
|||
==References== |
|||
Struktur komando strategis RAN dirombak selama perubahan Angkatan Laut Generasi Baru.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Spirit of the Navy|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Semaphore_2009_5.pdf}}</ref> RAN diperintahkan melalui Markas Besar Angkatan Laut (NHQ) di [[Canberra]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Navy Strategic Command|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/about/organisation/navstratcom}}</ref> Kepala profesionalnya adalah Kepala Angkatan Laut (CN), yang berpangkat [[Laksamana Madya TNI|laksamana madya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Senior Leadership Team|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/about/senior-leadership-team}}</ref> Markas Besar bertanggung jawab untuk menerapkan keputusan kebijakan yang diturunkan dari [[Departemen Pertahanan (Australia)|Departemen Pertahanan]] dan untuk mengawasi masalah taktis dan operasional yang menjadi lingkup komando bawahan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Defence Organisational Structure Chart|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/docs/DefenceOrgChart.pdf}}</ref> |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
Di bawah NHQ ada dua komando bawahan: |
|||
===Bibliography=== |
|||
* Komando Armada : Komando Armada dipimpin oleh Komandan Armada Australia (COMAUSFLT). COMAUSFLT berpangkat [[Laksamana Muda|laksamana muda]]; sebelumnya, jabatan ini adalah ''Flag Officer Commanding HM's Australian Fleet'' (FOCAF), yang dibuat pada tahun 1911,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-03|title=C L Cumberlege|url=http://homepage.ntlworld.com/bob.cumberbatch/C%20L%20Cumberlege.htm|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-10-18|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185328/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/bob.cumberbatch/C%20L%20Cumberlege.htm|dead-url=unfit}}</ref> tetapi judulnya diubah pada tahun 1988 menjadi Maritime Commander Australia. Pada tanggal 1 Februari 2007, gelar berubah lagi, menjadi Komandan Armada Australia. Komandan di laut yang dinominasikan adalah ''Commodore Warfare'' (COMWAR), seorang komandan kelompok tugas yang dapat disebarkan dengan bintang satu. Komando armada bertanggung jawab kepada CN untuk komando penuh aset yang ditugaskan, dan komando Operasi Gabungan untuk penyediaan pasukan siap operasional. |
|||
* Komando Strategis Angkatan Laut: elemen administratif yang mengawasi kebutuhan pelatihan, teknik dan dukungan logistik RAN. Dilembagakan pada tahun 2000, Komandan Sistem diangkat pada pangkat komodor; pada Juni 2008, posisinya ditingkatkan menjadi pangkat laksamana belakang. |
|||
⚫ | |||
Angkatan Laut Australia memiliki hampir 50 kapal yang ditugaskan dan lebih dari 16.000 personel.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Royal Australian Navy|url=https://www.navy.gov.au/fleet}}</ref> Kapal yang ditugaskan ke RAN diberi awalan HMAS (''Her Majesty's Australian Ship''/Kapal Yang Mulia Australia). |
|||
RAN memiliki dua pangkalan utama untuk armadanya: yang pertama, Pangkalan Armada Timur, terletak di HMAS Kuttabul, [[Sydney]] dan yang kedua, Pangkalan Armada Barat, terletak di HMAS Stirling, dekat [[Perth, Australia Barat|Perth]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fleet Base East|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/establishments/fleet-base-east}}</ref> Selain itu, tiga pangkalan lainnya adalah rumah bagi sebagian besar kapal perang kecil RAN: HMAS Cairns, di [[Cairns]], HMAS Coonawarra, di [[Darwin, Wilayah Utara|Darwin]], dan HMAS Waterhen, di [[Sydney]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=HMAS Cairns|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/establishments/hmas-cairns}}</ref> |
|||
== Personel == |
|||
Pada Juni 2011, RAN memiliki 14.215 personel tetap, 161 personel ''gap year'', dan 2.150 personel cadangan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-09-08|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/budget/11-12/pbs/2011-2012_Defence_PBS_Complete.pdf|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2021-10-18|archive-date=2011-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110908115637/http://www.defence.gov.au/budget/11-12/pbs/2011-2012_Defence_PBS_Complete.pdf|dead-url=unfit}}</ref> Pasukan penuh waktu permanen terdiri dari 3.357 perwira yang ditugaskan, dan 10.697 personel tamtama. Pada bulan Juni 2010, personel laki-laki membentuk 82% dari angkatan tetap penuh waktu, sementara personel perempuan mencapai 18%.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Defence Annual Report 2009-2010, Appendix 7, Table A7.3|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Budget/09-10/dar/index.htm}}</ref> RAN memiliki persentase wanita tertinggi di [[Angkatan Bersenjata Australia|ADF]], dibandingkan dengan [[Angkatan Udara Australia|RAAF]] 17,8% dan Angkatan Darat 9,7%.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Defence Annual Report 2009-2010, Appendix 7, Table A7.3|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Budget/09-10/dar/index.htm}}</ref> |
|||
== Galeri == |
|||
<gallery widths="170" heights="120" class="center"> |
|||
Berkas:HMAS Canberra arrives at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam for RIMPAC 2016.jpg|Kapal pendaratan helikopter kelas Canberra |
|||
Berkas:HMAS Collins Kockums photo.jpg|[[Kapal selam serbu]] kelas Collins |
|||
Berkas:HMAS Hobart December 2017.jpg|[[Kapal perusak kelas Hobart]] |
|||
Berkas:HMAS Perth entering Pearl Harbor in June 2012.jpg|Kapal [[fregat]] kelas Anzac |
|||
Berkas:CIS Department Halifax.jpg|Pelaut AL Kerajaan Australia dari HMAS ''Sydney'', 2009 |
|||
Berkas:Safety briefing aboard HMAS Tobruk in 2010.jpg|Pelaut AL Kerajaan Australia di [[HMAS Tobruk (L 50)|HMAS ''Tobruk'']], 2010 |
|||
Berkas:CDT-1.jpg|Pasukan ''clearance divers'' saat [[latihan RIMPAC]] |
|||
Berkas:US Navy 050606-N-1825E-002 U.S and Royal Australian Navy (RAN) Sailors aboard the guided missile cruiser USS Normandy (CG 60), stand side-by-side to honor World War II D-Day veterans during an early evening memorial ceremony.jpg|Pelaut AL Kerajaan Australia dalam upacara bersama [[Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat|AL Amerika Serikat]] |
|||
</gallery> |
|||
== Referensi == |
|||
=== Catatan kaki === |
|||
⚫ | |||
=== Daftar pustaka === |
|||
* {{cite book|last1=Dennis|first1=Peter|last2=Grey|first2=Jeffrey|authorlink2=Jeffrey Grey |last3=Morris|first3=Ewan|last4=Prior|first4=Robin|year=1995 |title=The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Melbourne |isbn=0-19-553227-9}} |
* {{cite book|last1=Dennis|first1=Peter|last2=Grey|first2=Jeffrey|authorlink2=Jeffrey Grey |last3=Morris|first3=Ewan|last4=Prior|first4=Robin|year=1995 |title=The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Melbourne |isbn=0-19-553227-9}} |
||
* {{cite book |last=Frame |first=Tom |authorlink=Tom Frame (bishop) |title=No Pleasure Cruise: The Story of the Royal Australian Navy |year=2004 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest, New South Wales |isbn=1-74114-233-4}} |
* {{cite book |last=Frame |first=Tom |authorlink=Tom Frame (bishop) |title=No Pleasure Cruise: The Story of the Royal Australian Navy |year=2004 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest, New South Wales |isbn=1-74114-233-4}} |
||
Baris 323: | Baris 345: | ||
* {{cite book |last=Whitley |first=M. J. |title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia |year=2000 |origyear=1988 |publisher=Cassell |location=London |isbn=1-85409-521-8 }} |
* {{cite book |last=Whitley |first=M. J. |title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia |year=2000 |origyear=1988 |publisher=Cassell |location=London |isbn=1-85409-521-8 }} |
||
== Pranala luar == |
|||
==External links== |
|||
{{Commons category|Royal Australian Navy}} |
{{Commons category|Royal Australian Navy}} |
||
* [http://www.navy.gov.au/ Royal Australian Navy home page] |
* [http://www.navy.gov.au/ Royal Australian Navy home page] |
||
** [http://www.navy.gov.au/fleet/ships-boats-craft/available-ship-histories Historical listing of RAN ships] |
** [http://www.navy.gov.au/fleet/ships-boats-craft/available-ship-histories Historical listing of RAN ships] |
||
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/australia/royal_australian_navy_main_page.htm Maritimequest Royal Australian Navy photo gallery] |
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/australia/royal_australian_navy_main_page.htm Maritimequest Royal Australian Navy photo gallery] |
||
* [http://www.navy.gov.au/about/senior-leadership-group Biographies of senior RAN officers] |
* [http://www.navy.gov.au/about/senior-leadership-group Biographies of senior RAN officers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514144405/http://www.navy.gov.au/about/senior-leadership-group |date=2015-05-14 }} |
||
* [http://www.naval-history.net/ Royal and Dominion Navies in World War II, Campaigns, Battles, Warship losses] |
* [http://www.naval-history.net/ Royal and Dominion Navies in World War II, Campaigns, Battles, Warship losses] |
||
* [http://www.defence.gov.au/PayAndConditions/ADF/chapter-1/Part-4/default.asp ADF Pay & Conditions Manual - Equivalent ranks and classifications] |
* [http://www.defence.gov.au/PayAndConditions/ADF/chapter-1/Part-4/default.asp ADF Pay & Conditions Manual - Equivalent ranks and classifications] |
||
<!-- |
|||
{{Royal Australian Navy}} |
{{Royal Australian Navy}} |
||
{{Australian Defence Force}} |
{{Australian Defence Force}} |
||
Baris 337: | Baris 360: | ||
{{Australian Officer Ranks}} |
{{Australian Officer Ranks}} |
||
{{Australian Other Ranks}} |
{{Australian Other Ranks}} |
||
⚫ | |||
{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Royal Australian Navy| ]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:1901 establishments in Australia]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Military units and formations established in 1901]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Organisations based in Australia with royal patronage]] |
||
⚫ |
Revisi terkini sejak 29 Maret 2023 04.54
Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Australia | |
---|---|
Royal Australian Navy | |
![]() Lambang Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Australia | |
Aktif | 10 Juli 1911 – kini |
Negara | ![]() |
Tipe unit | Angkatan Laut |
Jumlah personel | 14,215 Personil tetap[1] 8,493 Personil cadangan[1] 48 kapal pesanan 3 kapal bukan pesanan |
Bagian dari | Angkatan Bersenjata Australia |
Headquarters | Russell Offices, Canberra |
Moto | Serving Australia with Pride Melayani Australia dengan Bangga |
Himne | Royal Australian Navy |
Ulang tahun | 10 Juli |
Pertempuran | |
Situs web | www |
Tokoh | |
Panglima Tertinggi | ![]() |
Panglima Angkatan Pertahanan | ![]() |
Kepala Angkatan Laut | ![]() |
Insignia | |
Bendera | ![]() |
Bendera kapal | ![]() |
Angkatan Laut Kerajaan Australia (bahasa Inggris: Royal Australian Navy/RAN) adalah cabang kelautan dari Angkatan Bersenjata Australia. Mengikuti Federasi Australia pada tahun 1901, kapal-kapal dan sumber daya dari angkatan laut kolonial yang terpisah diintegrasikan ke dalam sebuah angkatan nasional, dinamai Commonwealth Naval Forces. Pada awalnya ditujukan untuk pertahanan lokal, angkatan laut dianugerahi nama 'Angkatan Laut Australia' padah tahun 1911, dan semakin terlibat dalam pertahanan wilayah.
Skuadron Australia Kerajaan Inggris Royal Navy ditugaskan ke Australia Station dan menyediakan dukungan ke RAN. Pemerintah Australia dan Selandia Baru membantu mendanai Skuadron Australia sampai 1913, sementara Admiralty berkomitmen menjaga Skuadron pada suatu kekuatan tetap.[3] Skuadron Australia dibubarkan pada 4 Oktober 1913, ketika kapal-kapal RAN memasuki Pelabuhan Sydney untuk pertama kali.[3]
Royal Navy tetap menyediakan kapabilitas pertahanan laut biru di Pasifik sampai dengan tahun-tahun awal Perang Dunia II. Kemudian, ekspansi masa perang yang laju menghadirkan akuisisi kapal permukaan yang besar dan pembangunan banyak kapal perang yang lebih kecil. Dalam dekade setelah perang, RAN mengadakan sejumlah kecil kapal induk pengangkut pesawat, paling akhir diadakan pada tahun 1982.
Saat ini, RAN terdiri dari 48 kapal yang dibangun, 3 kapal yang tidak dibangun, dan lebih dari 16.000 personil. Angkatan laut ini adalah salah satu yang terbesar dan paling canggih di wilayah Pasifik Selatan, dengan kehadiran yang signifikan di Laut Hindia dan operasi di seluruh dunia dalam mendukung kampanye militer dan misi-misi perdamaian. Panglima Angkatan Laut saat ini adalah Vice Admiral Michael Noonan.
Struktur
Struktur komando
[sunting | sunting sumber]Struktur komando strategis RAN dirombak selama perubahan Angkatan Laut Generasi Baru.[4] RAN diperintahkan melalui Markas Besar Angkatan Laut (NHQ) di Canberra.[5] Kepala profesionalnya adalah Kepala Angkatan Laut (CN), yang berpangkat laksamana madya.[6] Markas Besar bertanggung jawab untuk menerapkan keputusan kebijakan yang diturunkan dari Departemen Pertahanan dan untuk mengawasi masalah taktis dan operasional yang menjadi lingkup komando bawahan.[7]
Di bawah NHQ ada dua komando bawahan:
- Komando Armada : Komando Armada dipimpin oleh Komandan Armada Australia (COMAUSFLT). COMAUSFLT berpangkat laksamana muda; sebelumnya, jabatan ini adalah Flag Officer Commanding HM's Australian Fleet (FOCAF), yang dibuat pada tahun 1911,[8] tetapi judulnya diubah pada tahun 1988 menjadi Maritime Commander Australia. Pada tanggal 1 Februari 2007, gelar berubah lagi, menjadi Komandan Armada Australia. Komandan di laut yang dinominasikan adalah Commodore Warfare (COMWAR), seorang komandan kelompok tugas yang dapat disebarkan dengan bintang satu. Komando armada bertanggung jawab kepada CN untuk komando penuh aset yang ditugaskan, dan komando Operasi Gabungan untuk penyediaan pasukan siap operasional.
- Komando Strategis Angkatan Laut: elemen administratif yang mengawasi kebutuhan pelatihan, teknik dan dukungan logistik RAN. Dilembagakan pada tahun 2000, Komandan Sistem diangkat pada pangkat komodor; pada Juni 2008, posisinya ditingkatkan menjadi pangkat laksamana belakang.
Armada
[sunting | sunting sumber]Angkatan Laut Australia memiliki hampir 50 kapal yang ditugaskan dan lebih dari 16.000 personel.[9] Kapal yang ditugaskan ke RAN diberi awalan HMAS (Her Majesty's Australian Ship/Kapal Yang Mulia Australia).
RAN memiliki dua pangkalan utama untuk armadanya: yang pertama, Pangkalan Armada Timur, terletak di HMAS Kuttabul, Sydney dan yang kedua, Pangkalan Armada Barat, terletak di HMAS Stirling, dekat Perth.[10] Selain itu, tiga pangkalan lainnya adalah rumah bagi sebagian besar kapal perang kecil RAN: HMAS Cairns, di Cairns, HMAS Coonawarra, di Darwin, dan HMAS Waterhen, di Sydney.[11]
Personel
[sunting | sunting sumber]Pada Juni 2011, RAN memiliki 14.215 personel tetap, 161 personel gap year, dan 2.150 personel cadangan.[12] Pasukan penuh waktu permanen terdiri dari 3.357 perwira yang ditugaskan, dan 10.697 personel tamtama. Pada bulan Juni 2010, personel laki-laki membentuk 82% dari angkatan tetap penuh waktu, sementara personel perempuan mencapai 18%.[13] RAN memiliki persentase wanita tertinggi di ADF, dibandingkan dengan RAAF 17,8% dan Angkatan Darat 9,7%.[14]
Galeri
[sunting | sunting sumber]-
Kapal pendaratan helikopter kelas Canberra
-
Kapal selam serbu kelas Collins
-
Kapal fregat kelas Anzac
-
Pelaut AL Kerajaan Australia dari HMAS Sydney, 2009
-
Pelaut AL Kerajaan Australia di HMAS Tobruk, 2010
-
Pasukan clearance divers saat latihan RIMPAC
-
Pelaut AL Kerajaan Australia dalam upacara bersama AL Amerika Serikat
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b Defence Issues Paper (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia. 2014. hlm. 29. Diakses tanggal 16 November 2014.
- ^ "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act – Section 68: Command of naval and military forces".
- ^ a b Dennis, Peter; Grey, Jeffrey; Morris, Ewan; Prior, Robin (2008). The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History (edisi ke-2). South Melbourne, VIC: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-551784-2. OCLC 271822831.
- ^ "The Spirit of the Navy" (PDF).
- ^ "Navy Strategic Command".
- ^ "Senior Leadership Team".
- ^ "Defence Organisational Structure Chart" (PDF).
- ^ "C L Cumberlege". web.archive.org. 2016-03-03. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Diakses tanggal 2021-10-18.
- ^ "Royal Australian Navy".
- ^ "Fleet Base East".
- ^ "HMAS Cairns".
- ^ "Wayback Machine" (PDF). web.archive.org. 2011-09-08. Archived from the original on 2011-09-08. Diakses tanggal 2021-10-18.
- ^ "Defence Annual Report 2009-2010, Appendix 7, Table A7.3".
- ^ "Defence Annual Report 2009-2010, Appendix 7, Table A7.3".
Daftar pustaka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Dennis, Peter; Grey, Jeffrey; Morris, Ewan; Prior, Robin (1995). The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-553227-9.
- Frame, Tom (2004). No Pleasure Cruise: The Story of the Royal Australian Navy. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-74114-233-4.
- Gillett, Ross; Graham, Colin (1977). Warships of Australia. Adelaide, South Australia: Rigby. ISBN 0-7270-0472-7.
- Whitley, M. J. (2000) [1988]. Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Royal Australian Navy home page
- Maritimequest Royal Australian Navy photo gallery
- Biographies of senior RAN officers Diarsipkan 2015-05-14 di Wayback Machine.
- Royal and Dominion Navies in World War II, Campaigns, Battles, Warship losses
- ADF Pay & Conditions Manual - Equivalent ranks and classifications