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Templat:Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Masgatotkaca (bicara | kontrib)
+2015
Masgatotkaca (bicara | kontrib)
2023
(17 revisi perantara oleh 4 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{Navbox
{{Navbox
|name = Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran
|name = Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran
|title = [[Daftar penerima Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran|Penerima]] [[Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran|Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran]]
| listclass = hlist
| state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
| title = [[Daftar penerima Nobel#Fisiologi atau Kedokteran|Penerima Nobel]] di bidang [[Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran|Fisiologi atau Kedokteran]]
|bodyclass = hlist
| titlestyle = background:#d3d3d3;
|nowrapitems = yes
| groupstyle = background:#d3d3d3;
| belowstyle = background:#d3d3d3;


|group1 = 1901–1925
|group1 = 1901–1925
|list1 = <div>
|list1 =
[[Emil Adolf von Behring|Behring]] (1901){{·}}
* 1901: [[Emil von Behring|Emil Behring]]
[[Ronald Ross|Ross]] (1902){{·}}
* 1902: [[Ronald Ross]]
[[Niels Ryberg Finsen|Finsen]] (1903){{·}}
* 1903: [[Niels Ryberg Finsen|Niels Finsen]]
[[Ivan Pavlov|Pavlov]] (1904){{·}}
* 1904: [[Ivan Pavlov]]
[[Robert Koch|Koch]] (1905){{·}}
* 1905: [[Robert Koch]]
[[Camillo Golgi|Golgi]] / [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal|Ramón y Cajal]] (1906){{·}}
* 1906: [[Camillo Golgi]] / [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]]
[[Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran|Laveran]] (1907){{·}}
* 1907: [[Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran|Alphonse Laveran]]
[[Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov|Mechnikov]] / [[Paul Ehrlich|Ehrlich]] (1908){{·}}
* 1908: [[Élie Metchnikoff]] / [[Paul Ehrlich]]
[[Emil Theodor Kocher|Kocher]] (1909){{·}}
* 1909: [[Emil Theodor Kocher|Emil Kocher]]
[[Albrecht Kossel|Kossel]] (1910){{·}}
* 1910: [[Albrecht Kossel]]
[[Allvar Gullstrand|Gullstrand]] (1911){{·}}
* 1911: [[Allvar Gullstrand]]
[[Alexis Carrel|Carrel]] (1912){{·}}
* 1912: [[Alexis Carrel]]
[[Charles Robert Richet|Richet]] (1913){{·}}
* 1913: [[Charles Richet]]
[[Robert Bárány|Bárány]] (1914){{·}}
* 1914: [[Róbert Bárány]]
* {{color|darkgrey|1915}}
[[Jules Bordet|Bordet]] (1919){{·}}
* {{color|darkgrey|1916}}
[[August Krogh|Krogh]] (1920){{·}}
* {{color|darkgrey|1917}}
[[Archibald Hill|Hill]] / [[Otto Fritz Meyerhof|Meyerhof]] (1922){{·}}
* {{color|darkgrey|1918}}
[[Frederick Banting|Banting]] / [[John James Richard Macleod|Macleod]] (1923){{·}}
* 1919: [[Jules Bordet]]
[[Willem Einthoven|Einthoven]] (1924)
* 1920: [[August Krogh]]
</div>
* {{color|darkgrey|1921}}
* 1922: [[Archibald Hill]] / [[Otto Fritz Meyerhof|Otto Meyerhof]]
* 1923: [[Frederick Banting]] / [[John James Rickard Macleod|John Macleod]]
* 1924: [[Willem Einthoven]]
* {{color|darkgrey|1925}}


|group2 = 1926–1950
|group2 = 1926–1950
|list2 = <div>
|list2 =
[[Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger|Fibiger]] (1926){{·}}
* 1926: [[Johannes Fibiger]]
[[Julius Wagner-Jauregg|Wagner-Jauregg]] (1927){{·}}
* 1927: [[Julius Wagner-Jauregg]]
[[Charles Nicolle|Nicolle]] (1928){{·}}
* 1928: [[Charles Nicolle]]
[[Christiaan Eijkman|Eijkman]] / [[Frederick Hopkins|Hopkins]] (1929){{·}}
* 1929: [[Christiaan Eijkman]] / [[Frederick Gowland Hopkins]]
[[Karl Landsteiner|Landsteiner]] (1930){{·}}
* 1930: [[Karl Landsteiner]]
[[Otto Heinrich Warburg|Warburg]] (1931){{·}}
* 1931: [[Otto Heinrich Warburg|Otto Warburg]]
[[Charles Scott Sherrington|Sherrington]] / [[Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian|Adrian]] (1932){{·}}
* 1932: [[Charles Scott Sherrington]] / [[Edgar Adrian]]
[[Thomas Hunt Morgan|Morgan]] (1933){{·}}
* 1933: [[Thomas Hunt Morgan|Thomas Morgan]]
[[George Whipple|Whipple]] / [[George Minot|Minot]] / [[William Murphy|Murphy]] (1934){{·}}
* 1934: [[George Whipple]] / [[George Minot]] / [[William P. Murphy|William Murphy]]
[[Hans Spemann|Spemann]] (1935){{·}}
* 1935: [[Hans Spemann]]
[[Henry Hallett Dale|Dale]] / [[Otto Loewi|Loewi]] (1936){{·}}
* 1936: [[Henry Hallett Dale|Henry Dale]] / [[Otto Loewi]]
[[Albert Szent-Györgyi|Szent-Györgyi]] (1937){{·}}
* 1937: [[Albert Szent-Györgyi]]
[[Corneille Heymans|Heymans]] (1938){{·}}
* 1938: [[Corneille Heymans]]
[[Gerhard Domagk|Domagk]] (1939){{·}}
* 1939: [[Gerhard Domagk]]
* {{color|darkgrey|1940}}
[[Henrik Dam|Dam]] / [[Edward Adelbert Doisy|Doisy]] (1943){{·}}
* {{color|darkgrey|1941}}
[[Joseph Erlanger|Erlanger]] / [[Herbert Spencer Gasser|Gasser]] (1944){{·}}
* {{color|darkgrey|1942}}
[[Alexander Fleming|Fleming]] / [[Ernst Boris Chain|Chain]] / [[Howard Florey|Florey]] (1945){{·}}
* 1943: [[Henrik Dam]] / [[Edward Adelbert Doisy|Edward Doisy]]
[[Hermann Joseph Muller|Muller]] (1946){{·}}
* 1944: [[Joseph Erlanger]] / [[Herbert Spencer Gasser|Herbert Gasser]]
[[Carl Ferdinand Cori|C.Cori]] / [[Gerty Cori|G.Cori]] / [[Bernardo Houssay|Houssay]] (1947){{·}}
* 1945: [[Alexander Fleming]] / [[Ernst Chain]] / [[Howard Florey]]
[[Paul Hermann Müller|Müller]] (1948){{·}}
* 1946: [[Hermann Joseph Muller|Hermann Muller]]
[[Walter Rudolf Hess|Hess]] / [[Egas Moniz|Moniz]] (1949){{·}}
* 1947: [[Carl Ferdinand Cori|Carl Cori]] / [[Gerty Cori]] / [[Bernardo Houssay]]
[[Edward Calvin Kendall|Kendall]] / [[Tadeus Reichstein|Reichstein]] / [[Philip Showalter Hench|Hench]] (1950)
* 1948: [[Paul Hermann Müller|Paul Müller]]
</div>
* 1949: [[Walter Rudolf Hess|Walter Hess]] / [[António Egas Moniz]]
* 1950: [[Edward Calvin Kendall|Edward Kendall]] / [[Tadeusz Reichstein]] / [[Philip Showalter Hench|Philip Hench]]


|group3 = 1951–1975
|group3 = 1951–1975
|list3 = <div>
|list3 =
[[Max Theiler|Theiler]] (1951){{·}}
* 1951: [[Max Theiler]]
[[Selman Waksman|Waksman]] (1952){{·}}
* 1952: [[Selman Waksman]]
[[Hans Adolf Krebs|Krebs]] / [[Fritz Albert Lipmann|Lipmann]] (1953){{·}}
* 1953: [[Hans Adolf Krebs|Hans Krebs]] / [[Fritz Albert Lipmann|Fritz Lipmann]]
[[John Franklin Enders|Enders]] / [[Thomas Huckle Weller|Weller]] / [[Frederick Chapman Robbins|Robbins]] (1954){{·}}
* 1954: [[John Franklin Enders|John Enders]] / [[Thomas Huckle Weller|Thomas Weller]] / [[Frederick Chapman Robbins|Frederick Robbins]]
[[Hugo Theorell|Theorell]] (1955){{·}}
* 1955: [[Hugo Theorell]]
[[André Frédéric Cournand|Cournand]] / [[Werner Forssmann|Forssmann]] / [[Dickinson W. Richards|Richards]] (1956){{·}}
* 1956: [[André Frédéric Cournand|André Cournand]] / [[Werner Forssmann]] / [[Dickinson W. Richards]]
[[Daniel Bovet|Bovet]] (1957){{·}}
* 1957: [[Daniel Bovet]]
[[George Wells Beadle|Beadle]] / [[Edward Lawrie Tatum|Tatum]] / [[Joshua Lederberg|Lederberg]] (1958){{·}}
* 1958: [[George Beadle]] / [[Edward Tatum]] / [[Joshua Lederberg]]
[[Severo Ochoa|Ochoa]] / [[Arthur Kornberg|Kornberg]] (1959){{·}}
* 1959: [[Severo Ochoa]] / [[Arthur Kornberg]]
[[Frank Macfarlane Burnet|Burnet]] / [[Peter Medawar|Medawar]] (1960){{·}}
* 1960: [[Macfarlane Burnet|Frank Burnet]] / [[Peter Medawar]]
[[Georg von Békésy|Békésy]] (1961){{·}}
* 1961: [[Georg von Békésy]]
[[Francis Crick|Crick]] / [[James D. Watson|Watson]] / [[Maurice Wilkins|Wilkins]] (1962){{·}}
* 1962: [[Francis Crick]] / [[James Watson]] / [[Maurice Wilkins]]
[[John Carew Eccles|Eccles]] / [[Alan Lloyd Hodgkin|Hodgkin]] / [[Andrew Huxley|Huxley]] (1963){{·}}
* 1963: [[John Carew Eccles|John Eccles]] / [[Alan Hodgkin]] / [[Andrew Huxley]]
[[Konrad Emil Bloch|Bloch]] / [[Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen|Lynen]] (1964){{·}}
* 1964: [[Konrad Emil Bloch|Konrad Bloch]] / [[Feodor Lynen]]
[[François Jacob|Jacob]] / [[Andre Michael Lwoff|Lwoff]] / [[Jacques Monod|Monod]] (1965){{·}}
* 1965: [[François Jacob]] / [[André Michel Lwoff|André Lwoff]] / [[Jacques Monod]]
[[Francis Peyton Rous|Rous]] / [[Charles B. Huggins|Huggins]] (1966){{·}}
* 1966: [[Francis Peyton Rous|Francis Rous]] / [[Charles Brenton Huggins|Charles B. Huggins]]
[[Ragnar Granit|Granit]] / [[Haldan Keffer Hartline|Hartline]] / [[George Wald|Wald]] (1967){{·}}
* 1967: [[Ragnar Granit]] / [[Haldan Keffer Hartline|Haldan Hartline]] / [[George Wald]]
[[Robert W. Holley|Holley]] / [[Har Gobind Khorana|Khorana]] / [[Marshall Warren Nirenberg|Nirenberg]] (1968){{·}}
* 1968: [[Robert W. Holley]] / [[Har Gobind Khorana|Har Khorana]] / [[Marshall Warren Nirenberg|Marshall Nirenberg]]
[[Max Delbrück|Delbrück]] / [[Alfred Hershey|Hershey]] / [[Salvador Luria|Luria]] (1969){{·}}
* 1969: [[Max Delbrück]] / [[Alfred Hershey]] / [[Salvador Luria]]
[[Bernard Katz|Katz]] / [[Ulf von Euler|Euler]] / [[Julius Axelrod|Axelrod]] (1970){{·}}
* 1970: [[Bernard Katz]] / [[Ulf von Euler]] / [[Julius Axelrod]]
[[Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.|Sutherland]] (1971){{·}}
* 1971: [[Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.|Earl Sutherland Jr.]]
[[Gerald Edelman|Edelman]] / [[Rodney Robert Porter|Porter]] (1972){{·}}
* 1972: [[Gerald Edelman]] / [[Rodney Robert Porter|Rodney Porter]]
[[Karl von Frisch|Frisch]] / [[Konrad Lorenz|Lorenz]] / [[Nikolaas Tinbergen|Tinbergen]] (1973){{·}}
* 1973: [[Karl von Frisch]] / [[Konrad Lorenz]] / [[Nikolaas Tinbergen]]
[[Albert Claude|Claude]] / [[Christian de Duve|Duve]] / [[George Emil Palade|Palade]] (1974){{·}}
* 1974: [[Albert Claude]] / [[Christian de Duve]] / [[George Emil Palade|George Palade]]
[[David Baltimore|Baltimore]] / [[Renato Dulbecco|Dulbecco]] / [[Howard Martin Temin|Temin]] (1975)
* 1975: [[David Baltimore]] / [[Renato Dulbecco]] / [[Howard Martin Temin|Howard Temin]]
</div>


|group4 = 1976–2000
|group4 = 1976–2000
|list4 = <div>
|list4 =
[[Baruch Samuel Blumberg|Blumberg]] / [[Daniel Carleton Gajdusek|Gajdusek]] (1976){{·}}
* 1976: [[Baruch Samuel Blumberg|Baruch Blumberg]] / [[Daniel Carleton Gajdusek|Daniel Gajdusek]]
[[Roger Guillemin|Guillemin]] / [[Andrzej W. Schally|Schally]] / [[Rosalyn Sussman Yalow|Yalow]] (1977){{·}}
* 1977: [[Roger Guillemin]] / [[Andrew Schally]] / [[Rosalyn Sussman Yalow|Rosalyn Yalow]]
[[Werner Arber|Arber]] / [[Daniel Nathans|Nathans]] / [[Hamilton O. Smith|Smith]] (1978){{·}}
* 1978: [[Werner Arber]] / [[Daniel Nathans]] / [[Hamilton O. Smith]]
[[Allan McLeod Cormack|Cormack]] / [[Godfrey Hounsfield|Hounsfield]] (1979){{·}}
* 1979: [[Allan M. Cormack|Allan Cormack]] / [[Godfrey Hounsfield]]
[[Baruj Benacerraf|Benacerraf]] / [[Jean Dausset|Dausset]] / [[George Davis Snell|Snell]] (1980){{·}}
* 1980: [[Baruj Benacerraf]] / [[Jean Dausset]] / [[George Davis Snell|George Snell]]
[[Roger Wolcott Sperry|Sperry]] / [[David H. Hubel|Hubel]] / [[Torsten Wiesel|Wiesel]] (1981){{·}}
* 1981: [[Roger Wolcott Sperry|Roger Sperry]] / [[David H. Hubel]] / [[Torsten Wiesel]]
[[Sune Bergström|Bergström]] / [[Bengt I. Samuelsson|Samuelsson]] / [[John Robert Vane|Vane]] (1982){{·}}
* 1982: [[Sune Bergström]] / [[Bengt I. Samuelsson]] / [[John Vane]]
[[Barbara McClintock|McClintock]] (1983){{·}}
* 1983: [[Barbara McClintock]]
[[Niels Kaj Jerne|Jerne]] / [[Georges J. F. Köhler|Köhler]] / [[César Milstein|Milstein]] (1984){{·}}
* 1984: [[Niels Kaj Jerne|Niels Jerne]] / [[Georges J. F. Köhler|Georges Köhler]] / [[César Milstein]]
[[Michael Stuart Brown|Brown]] / [[Joseph L. Goldstein|Goldstein]] (1985){{·}}
* 1985: [[Michael Stuart Brown|Michael Brown]] / [[Joseph L. Goldstein]]
[[Stanley Cohen|Cohen]] / [[Rita Levi-Montalcini|Levi-Montalcini]] (1986){{·}}
* 1986: [[Stanley Cohen (biokimiawan)|Stanley Cohen]] / [[Rita Levi-Montalcini]]
[[Susumu Tonegawa|Tonegawa]] (1987){{·}}
* 1987: [[Susumu Tonegawa]]
[[James W. Black|Black]] / [[Gertrude B. Elion|Elion]] / [[George H. Hitchings|Hitchings]] (1988){{·}}
* 1988: [[James Whyte Black|James W. Black]] / [[Gertrude B. Elion]] / [[George H. Hitchings]]
[[J. Michael Bishop|Bishop]] / [[Harold E. Varmus|Varmus]] (1989){{·}}
* 1989: [[J. Michael Bishop]] / [[Harold E. Varmus]]
[[Joseph Murray|Murray]] / [[E. Donnall Thomas|Thomas]] (1990){{·}}
* 1990: [[Joseph Murray]] / [[E. Donnall Thomas]]
[[Erwin Neher|Neher]] / [[Bert Sakmann|Sakmann]] (1991){{·}}
* 1991: [[Erwin Neher]] / [[Bert Sakmann]]
[[Edmond H. Fischer|Fischer]] / [[Edwin G. Krebs|Krebs]] (1992){{·}}
* 1992: [[Edmond H. Fischer|Edmond Fischer]] / [[Edwin G. Krebs]]
[[Richard J. Roberts|Roberts]] / [[Phillip Allen Sharp|Sharp]] (1993){{·}}
* 1993: [[Richard J. Roberts]] / [[Phillip Allen Sharp|Phillip Sharp]]
[[Alfred G. Gilman|Gilman]] / [[Martin Rodbell|Rodbell]] (1994){{·}}
* 1994: [[Alfred G. Gilman]] / [[Martin Rodbell]]
[[Edward B. Lewis|Lewis]] / [[Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard|Nüsslein-Volhard]] / [[Eric F. Wieschaus|Wieschaus]] (1995){{·}}
* 1995: [[Edward B. Lewis]] / [[Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard]] / [[Eric F. Wieschaus]]
[[Peter C. Doherty|Doherty]] / [[Rolf M. Zinkernagel|Zinkernagel]] (1996){{·}}
* 1996: [[Peter C. Doherty]] / [[Rolf M. Zinkernagel]]
[[Stanley B. Prusiner|Prusiner]] (1997){{·}}
* 1997: [[Stanley B. Prusiner]]
[[Robert F. Furchgott|Furchgott]] / [[Louis J. Ignarro|Ignarro]] / [[Ferid Murad|Murad]] (1998){{·}}
* 1998: [[Robert F. Furchgott]] / [[Louis Ignarro]] / [[Ferid Murad]]
[[Günter Blobel|Blobel]] (1999){{·}}
* 1999: [[Günter Blobel]]
[[Arvid Carlsson|Carlsson]] / [[Paul Greengard|Greengard]] / [[Eric Kandel|Kandel]] (2000)
* 2000: [[Arvid Carlsson]] / [[Paul Greengard]] / [[Eric Kandel]]
</div>


|group5 = 2001–''kini''
|group5 = 2001–sekarang
|list5 = <div>
|list5 =
[[Leland H. Hartwell|Hartwell]] / [[Tim Hunt|Hunt]] / [[Paul Nurse|Nurse]] (2001){{·}}
* 2001: [[Leland H. Hartwell]] / [[Tim Hunt]] / [[Paul Nurse]]
[[Sydney Brenner|Brenner]] / [[H. Robert Horvitz|Horvitz]] / [[John E. Sulston|Sulston]] (2002){{·}}
* 2002: [[Sydney Brenner]] / [[H. Robert Horvitz]] / [[John Sulston|John E. Sulston]]
[[Paul Lauterbur|Lauterbur]] / [[Peter Mansfield|Mansfield]] (2003){{·}}
* 2003: [[Paul Lauterbur]] / [[Peter Mansfield]]
[[Richard Axel|Axel]] / [[Linda B. Buck|Buck]] (2004){{·}}
* 2004: [[Richard Axel]] / [[Linda B. Buck]]
[[Barry Marshall|Marshall]] / [[Robin Warren|Warren]] (2005){{·}}
* 2005: [[Barry Marshall]] / [[Robin Warren]]
[[Andrew Fire|Fire]] / [[Craig C. Mello|Mello]] (2006){{·}}
* 2006: [[Andrew Fire]] / [[Craig Mello]]
[[Mario Capecchi|Capecchi]] / [[Martin Evans|Evans]] / [[Oliver Smithies|Smithies]] (2007){{·}}
* 2007: [[Mario Capecchi]] / [[Martin Evans]] / [[Oliver Smithies]]
[[Françoise Barré-Sinoussi|Barré-Sinoussi]] / [[Luc Montagnier|Montagnier]] / [[Harald zur Hausen|zur Hausen]] (2008) {{·}}
* 2008: [[Harald zur Hausen]] / [[Luc Montagnier]] / [[Françoise Barré-Sinoussi]]
[[Elizabeth Blackburn|Blackburn]] / [[Carol W. Greider|Greider]] / [[Jack W. Szostak|Szostak]] (2009){{·}}
* 2009: [[Elizabeth Blackburn]] / [[Carol W. Greider]] / [[Jack W. Szostak]]
[[Robert G. Edwards]] / [[Patrick Steptoe]] (2010){{·}}
* 2010: [[Robert Edwards|Robert G. Edwards]]
[[Bruce Beutler]], [[Ralph M. Steinman]] (anumerta), [[Jules A. Hoffmann]] (2011){{·}}
* 2011: [[Bruce Beutler]] / [[Jules A. Hoffmann]] / [[Ralph M. Steinman]] (''anumerta'')
* 2012: [[John Gurdon]] / [[Shinya Yamanaka]]
[[Shinya Yamanaka]] / [[John Gurdon]] (2012) {{·}}[[James E. Rothman|Rothman]], [[Randy W. Schekman|Schekman]] dan [[Thomas C. Südhof|Südhof]] (2013) {{·}}[[John O'Keefe|O'Keefe]], [[Edvard Moser]] dan [[May-Britt Moser]] (2014) {{·}}[[William C. Campbell|Campbell]], [[Satoshi Ōmura|Ōmura]] dan [[Tu Youyou|Tu]] (2015)<!--{{·}}-->
* 2013: [[James Rothman]] / [[Randy Schekman]] / [[Thomas C. Südhof]]
</div>
* 2014: [[John O'Keefe]] / [[May-Britt Moser]] / [[Edvard Moser]]

* 2015: [[William C. Campbell (ilmuwan)|William C. Campbell]] / [[Satoshi Ōmura]] / [[Tu Youyou]]
|below = <div>
* 2016: [[Yoshinori Ohsumi]]
[[:Templat:Nobel Sastra]]{{·}}
* 2017: [[Jeffrey C. Hall]] / [[Michael Rosbash]] / [[Michael W. Young]]
[[:Templat:Nobel Fisika]]{{·}}
* 2018: [[James P. Allison]] / [[Tasuku Honjo]]
[[:Templat:Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran]]{{·}}
* 2019: [[Gregg L. Semenza]] / [[Peter J. Ratcliffe]] / [[William Kaelin Jr.]]
[[:Templat:Nobel Kimia]]{{·}}
* 2020: [[Harvey J. Alter]] / [[Michael Houghton]] / [[Charles M. Rice]]
[[:Templat:Nobel Ekonomi]]{{·}}
* 2021: [[David Julius]] / [[Ardem Patapoutian]]
[[:Templat:Nobel Perdamaian]]
* 2022: [[Svante Pääbo]]
</div>
* 2023: [[Katalin Karikó]] / [[Drew Weissman]]
}}<noinclude>[[Kategori:Templat navigasi Nobel|Fisiologi]]
}}<noinclude>

[[Kategori:Templat navigasi Nobel|Fisiologi atau kedokteran]]</noinclude><includeonly>

[[Kategori:Pemenang Hadiah Nobel dalam bidang fisiologi atau kedokteran]]</includeonly>
























</noinclude>

Revisi per 2 Oktober 2023 10.13