Kukang benggala: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Kukang benggala''' (''Nycticebus bengalensis'') atau '''kukang utara''' adalah [[spesies]] [[kukang]] asal [[subbenua India]] dan [[Indocina]], dan merupakan [[primata]] [[Strepsirrhini]]. Wilayah persebaran geografisnya lebih besar ketimbang spesies kukang lainnya. Sebelumnya digolongkan sebagai [[subspesies]] dari [[kukang sunda]] (''N. coucang'') sampai 2001, analisis [[filogenetik]] menyatakan bahwa kukang benggala sangat dekat dengan [[kukang sunda]]. |
'''Kukang benggala''' (''Nycticebus bengalensis'') atau '''kukang utara''' adalah [[spesies]] [[kukang]] asal [[subbenua India]] dan [[Indocina]], dan merupakan [[primata]] [[Strepsirrhini]]. Wilayah persebaran geografisnya lebih besar ketimbang spesies kukang lainnya. Sebelumnya digolongkan sebagai [[subspesies]] dari [[kukang sunda]] (''N. coucang'') sampai 2001, analisis [[filogenetik]] menyatakan bahwa kukang benggala sangat dekat dengan [[kukang sunda]]. |
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== Berbisa[sunting | sunting sumber] == |
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Kukang adalah satu-satunya primata berbisa<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-:0-25|[25]]][[Kukang jawa#cite note-26|[26]]]</sup>. Di alam liar, kukang menggunakan racun untuk kompetisi intraspesifik<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-:0-25|[25]]]</sup>. Racun membantu kukang dalam berkompetisi untuk mendapatkan makanan, daerah kekuasaan, dan pasangan. Racun kukang dapat menyebabkan luka bernanah, nekrosis dan merupakan penyebab utama kematian kukang di pusat penyelamatan dan kebun binatang<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-27|[27]]]</sup>. Racun kukang terdiri dari cairan kelenjar brakial dan air liur - komponen ini dapat bertindak secara terpisah; atau dikombinasikan untuk menciptakan racun yang lebih kuat<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-28|[28]]]</sup>. Racun kukang dapat dibuktikan melalui penelitin laboratorium, pengalaman dari warga sekitar<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-:1-29|[29]]]</sup>, dan pengamatan perilaku ekologi<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-30|[30]]]</sup>. Dalam kukang liar tidak akan secara alami bersentuhan dengan manusia - perdagangan hewan peliharaan ilegal memaksa kontak semacam itu dan mempertaruhkan nyawa manusia<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-31|[31]]]</sup>. Kukang memiliki gigitan yang dapat membunuh manusia<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-32|[32]]]</sup>. Jika kukang menggigit manusia, ada berbagai komplikasi medis; yang paling parah termasuk syok anafilaktik yang mengancam jiwa dan cacat permanen<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-33|[33]]][[Kukang jawa#cite note-:1-29|[29]]]</sup>; kematian telah dilaporkan<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-34|[34]]]</sup>. Kukang tetap beracun dan berbahaya bahkan jika mereka tidak memiliki gigi<sup>[[Kukang jawa#cite note-:1-29|[29]]]</sup> |
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== Referensi == |
== Referensi == |
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<ref name=iucn>{{IUCN|id = 39758|taxon = ''Nycticebus bengalensis''|assessors = Streicher, U., Singh, M., Timmins, R.J. & Brockelman, W.|assessment_year = 2008|version = 2010.4|accessdate = 9 January 2011}}</ref> |
<ref name=iucn>{{IUCN|id = 39758|taxon = ''Nycticebus bengalensis''|assessors = Streicher, U., Singh, M., Timmins, R.J. & Brockelman, W.|assessment_year = 2008|version = 2010.4|accessdate = 9 January 2011}}</ref> |
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<ref name="CITES">{{cite web|title = CITES species database: ''Nycticebus bengalensis''|author = UNEP-WCMC|publisher = UNEP-WCMC Species Database|url = http://www.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?Genus=Nycticebus&Species=bengalensis&source=animals&displaylanguage=eng|accessdate = 3 February 2011|authorlink = World Conservation Monitoring Centre}}</ref> |
<ref name="CITES">{{cite web|title = CITES species database: ''Nycticebus bengalensis''|author = UNEP-WCMC|publisher = UNEP-WCMC Species Database|url = http://www.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?Genus=Nycticebus&Species=bengalensis&source=animals&displaylanguage=eng|accessdate = 3 February 2011|authorlink = World Conservation Monitoring Centre}}{{Pranala mati|date=November 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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<ref name=2006CITES>{{cite conference|author = Management Authority of Cambodia|title = Notification to Parties: Consideration of Proposals for Amendment of Appendices I and II|date = 3–15 June 2007|publisher = CITES|page = 31|location = Netherlands|url = http://www.cites.org/eng/notif/2006/E052.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 9 January 2011|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5vacXUYZJ|archivedate = 8 January 2011}}</ref> |
<ref name=2006CITES>{{cite conference|author = Management Authority of Cambodia|title = Notification to Parties: Consideration of Proposals for Amendment of Appendices I and II|date = 3–15 June 2007|publisher = CITES|page = 31|location = Netherlands|url = http://www.cites.org/eng/notif/2006/E052.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 9 January 2011|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5vacXUYZJ|archivedate = 8 January 2011}}</ref> |
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=== Karya yang dikutip === |
=== Karya yang dikutip === |
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{{Refbegin}} |
{{Refbegin}} |
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* <!-- Francis|2008 -->{{cite book|last = Francis|first = Charles A.|title = A Field Guide to the Mammals of South-East Asia|publisher = New Holland|location = London|year = 2008|isbn = 1-84537-735-4|ref = harv}} |
* <!-- Francis|2008 -->{{cite book|last = Francis|first = Charles A.|title = A Field Guide to the Mammals of South-East Asia|url = https://archive.org/details/fieldguidetomamm0000fran|publisher = New Holland|location = London|year = 2008|isbn = 1-84537-735-4|ref = harv}} |
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* <!-- Chen|Pan|Groves|Wang|2006 -->{{Cite journal | last1 = Chen | first1 = J. -H.| last2 = Pan | first2 = D.| last3 = Groves | first3 = C. P.| last4 = Wang | first4 = Y. -X.| last5 = Narushima | first5 = E.| last6 = Fitch-Snyder | first6 = H.| last7 = Crow | first7 = P.| last8 = Thanh | first8 = V. N.| last9 = Ryder | first9 = O.| last10 = Zhang | first10 = H. -W.| last11 = Fu | first11 = Y.| last12 = Zhang | first12 = Y.| title = Molecular phylogeny of ''Nycticebus'' inferred from mitochondrial genes | doi = 10.1007/s10764-006-9032-5 | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 27 | issue = 4| pages = 1187–1200 | year = 2006 | pmid = | pmc = | ref = harv}} |
* <!-- Chen|Pan|Groves|Wang|2006 -->{{Cite journal | last1 = Chen | first1 = J. -H.| last2 = Pan | first2 = D.| last3 = Groves | first3 = C. P.| last4 = Wang | first4 = Y. -X.| last5 = Narushima | first5 = E.| last6 = Fitch-Snyder | first6 = H.| last7 = Crow | first7 = P.| last8 = Thanh | first8 = V. N.| last9 = Ryder | first9 = O.| last10 = Zhang | first10 = H. -W.| last11 = Fu | first11 = Y.| last12 = Zhang | first12 = Y.| title = Molecular phylogeny of ''Nycticebus'' inferred from mitochondrial genes | doi = 10.1007/s10764-006-9032-5 | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 27 | issue = 4| pages = 1187–1200 | year = 2006 | pmid = | pmc = | ref = harv}} |
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* <!-- Groves|2005 -->{{MSW3 Primates|id=12100113|heading=''Nycticebus bengalensis''}} |
* <!-- Groves|2005 -->{{MSW3 Primates|id=12100113|heading=''Nycticebus bengalensis''}} |
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* <!-- Groves|2001 -->{{cite book|last = Groves|first = C.P.|authorlink = Colin Groves|title = Primate Taxonomy|publisher = Smithsonian Institution Press|year = 2001|isbn = 978-1-56098-872-4|ref = harv}} |
* <!-- Groves|2001 -->{{cite book|last = Groves|first = C.P.|authorlink = Colin Groves|title = Primate Taxonomy|publisher = Smithsonian Institution Press|year = 2001|isbn = 978-1-56098-872-4|ref = harv}} |
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* <!-- Hagey|Fry|Fitch-Snyder|2007 -->{{Cite book|last1 = Hagey|first1 = L.R.|last2 = Fry|first2 = B.G.|last3 = Fitch-Snyder|first3 = H.|title = Primate Anti-Predator Strategies|series = Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects|editor1-last = Gursky|editor1-first = S.L.|editor2-last = Nekaris|editor2-first = K.A.I.|year = 2007|contribution = Talking defensively, a dual use for the brachial gland exudate of slow and pygmy lorises|pages = |
* <!-- Hagey|Fry|Fitch-Snyder|2007 -->{{Cite book|last1 = Hagey|first1 = L.R.|last2 = Fry|first2 = B.G.|last3 = Fitch-Snyder|first3 = H.|title = Primate Anti-Predator Strategies|url = https://archive.org/details/primateantipreda00gurs|series = Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects|editor1-last = Gursky|editor1-first = S.L.|editor2-last = Nekaris|editor2-first = K.A.I.|year = 2007|contribution = Talking defensively, a dual use for the brachial gland exudate of slow and pygmy lorises|pages = [https://archive.org/details/primateantipreda00gurs/page/n270 253]–273|publisher = Springer|isbn = 978-0-387-34807-0|doi = 10.1007/978-0-387-34810-0|pmid =|pmc =|ref = harv}} |
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* <!-- Lacépède|1800 -->{{cite journal | last = Lacépède | first = B.G.E. de la Ville comte de | year = 1800 | location = Paris | publisher = imprimerie du cercle-social | journal = Séances des écoles normales, recueillies par des sténographes, et revues par les professeurs | title = Classification des oiseaux et des mammifères | volume = 9 | issue = appendix |pages = 1–86 | language = French | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=0u4NAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA68 | ref = harv}}<!-- See Husson and Holthuis (1953) for fuller discussion of this work.--> |
* <!-- Lacépède|1800 -->{{cite journal | last = Lacépède | first = B.G.E. de la Ville comte de | year = 1800 | location = Paris | publisher = imprimerie du cercle-social | journal = Séances des écoles normales, recueillies par des sténographes, et revues par les professeurs | title = Classification des oiseaux et des mammifères | volume = 9 | issue = appendix |pages = 1–86 | language = French | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=0u4NAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA68 | ref = harv}}<!-- See Husson and Holthuis (1953) for fuller discussion of this work.--> |
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* <!-- Nekaris|Starr|Collins|2010 -->{{Cite book|last1 = Nekaris|first1 = K. A. I.|last2 = Starr|first2 = C. R.|last3 = Collins|first3 = R. L.|last4 = Wilson|first4 = A.|chapter = Comparative ecology of exudate feeding by lorises (''Nycticebus'', ''Loris'') and pottos (''Perodicticus'', ''Arctocebus'')|editor1-last = Burrows|editor1-first = A. M.|editor2-last = Nash|editor2-first = L. T|title = Evolution of Exudativory in Primates|doi = 10.1007/978-1-4419-6661-2_8|pages = 155–168|year = 2010|pmid =|pmc =|publisher = Springer|location = New York|isbn = 978-1-4419-6660-5|ref = harv}} |
* <!-- Nekaris|Starr|Collins|2010 -->{{Cite book|last1 = Nekaris|first1 = K. A. I.|last2 = Starr|first2 = C. R.|last3 = Collins|first3 = R. L.|last4 = Wilson|first4 = A.|chapter = Comparative ecology of exudate feeding by lorises (''Nycticebus'', ''Loris'') and pottos (''Perodicticus'', ''Arctocebus'')|editor1-last = Burrows|editor1-first = A. M.|editor2-last = Nash|editor2-first = L. T|title = Evolution of Exudativory in Primates|doi = 10.1007/978-1-4419-6661-2_8|pages = 155–168|year = 2010|pmid =|pmc =|publisher = Springer|location = New York|isbn = 978-1-4419-6660-5|ref = harv}} |
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* <!-- Osman Hill|1953 -->{{cite book|last1 = Osman Hill|first1 = W.C.|year = 1953|title = Primates Comparative Anatomy and Taxonomy I—Strepsirhini|publisher = Edinburgh University Press|series = Edinburgh Univ Pubs Science & Maths, No 3|oclc = 500576914|ref = harv}} |
* <!-- Osman Hill|1953 -->{{cite book|last1 = Osman Hill|first1 = W.C.|year = 1953|title = Primates Comparative Anatomy and Taxonomy I—Strepsirhini|url = https://archive.org/details/primatescomparat0002hill|publisher = Edinburgh University Press|series = Edinburgh Univ Pubs Science & Maths, No 3|oclc = 500576914|ref = harv}} |
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* <!-- Smith|Xie|Hoffman|Lunde|2008 -->{{cite book|last1 = Smith|first1 = Andrew T.|last2 = Xie|first2 = Yan|last3 = Hoffman|first3 = Robert S.|last4 = Lunde|first4 = Darrin|title= A Guide to the Mammals of China|year = 2008|publisher = Princeton University Press|isbn = 978-0-691-09984-2|ref = harv}} |
* <!-- Smith|Xie|Hoffman|Lunde|2008 -->{{cite book|last1 = Smith|first1 = Andrew T.|last2 = Xie|first2 = Yan|last3 = Hoffman|first3 = Robert S.|last4 = Lunde|first4 = Darrin|title= A Guide to the Mammals of China|year = 2008|publisher = Princeton University Press|isbn = 978-0-691-09984-2|ref = harv}} |
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{{Subject bar | book = Slow loris | portal1 = Primata | portal2 = Asia | commons = y | commons-search = Category:Nycticebus bengalensis | species = y | species-search = Nycticebus bengalensis}} |
{{Subject bar | book = Slow loris | portal1 = Primata | portal2 = Asia | commons = y | commons-search = Category:Nycticebus bengalensis | species = y | species-search = Nycticebus bengalensis}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q817174}} |
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[[Kategori:Nycticebus]] |
[[Kategori:Nycticebus]] |
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Revisi terkini sejak 10 Desember 2023 21.18
| Kukang Benggala | |
|---|---|
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| Kukang benggala, Nycticebus bengalensis, dengan anak di punggungnya. Dari Laos. | |
| Klasifikasi ilmiah | |
| Kerajaan: | |
| Filum: | |
| Kelas: | |
| Ordo: | |
| Famili: | |
| Genus: | |
| Spesies: | N. bengalensis
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| Nama binomial | |
| Nycticebus bengalensis (Lacépède, 1800)
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| Wilayah persebaran kukang Bengal | |
| Sinonim[4][5] | |
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Kukang benggala (Nycticebus bengalensis) atau kukang utara adalah spesies kukang asal subbenua India dan Indocina, dan merupakan primata Strepsirrhini. Wilayah persebaran geografisnya lebih besar ketimbang spesies kukang lainnya. Sebelumnya digolongkan sebagai subspesies dari kukang sunda (N. coucang) sampai 2001, analisis filogenetik menyatakan bahwa kukang benggala sangat dekat dengan kukang sunda.
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Streicher, U., Singh, M., Timmins, R.J. & Brockelman, W. (2008). "Nycticebus bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Diakses tanggal 9 January 2011.
- ^ UNEP-WCMC. "CITES species database: Nycticebus bengalensis". UNEP-WCMC Species Database. Diakses tanggal 3 February 2011.[pranala nonaktif permanen]
- ^ Lacépède 1800, hlm. 68.
- ^ Groves 2005, hlm. 122.
- ^ Groves 2001, hlm. 99.
Karya yang dikutip
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Francis, Charles A. (2008). A Field Guide to the Mammals of South-East Asia. London: New Holland. ISBN 1-84537-735-4.
- Chen, J. -H.; Pan, D.; Groves, C. P.; Wang, Y. -X.; Narushima, E.; Fitch-Snyder, H.; Crow, P.; Thanh, V. N.; Ryder, O.; Zhang, H. -W.; Fu, Y.; Zhang, Y. (2006). "Molecular phylogeny of Nycticebus inferred from mitochondrial genes". International Journal of Primatology. 27 (4): 1187–1200. doi:10.1007/s10764-006-9032-5.
- Templat:MSW3 Primates
- Groves, C.P. (2001). Primate Taxonomy. Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 978-1-56098-872-4.
- Hagey, L.R.; Fry, B.G.; Fitch-Snyder, H. (2007). "Talking defensively, a dual use for the brachial gland exudate of slow and pygmy lorises". Dalam Gursky, S.L.; Nekaris, K.A.I. Primate Anti-Predator Strategies. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer. hlm. 253–273. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34810-0. ISBN 978-0-387-34807-0.
- Lacépède, B.G.E. de la Ville comte de (1800). "Classification des oiseaux et des mammifères". Séances des écoles normales, recueillies par des sténographes, et revues par les professeurs (dalam bahasa French). Paris: imprimerie du cercle-social. 9 (appendix): 1–86.
- Nekaris, K. A. I.; Starr, C. R.; Collins, R. L.; Wilson, A. (2010). "Comparative ecology of exudate feeding by lorises (Nycticebus, Loris) and pottos (Perodicticus, Arctocebus)". Dalam Burrows, A. M.; Nash, L. T. Evolution of Exudativory in Primates. New York: Springer. hlm. 155–168. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6661-2_8. ISBN 978-1-4419-6660-5.
- Osman Hill, W.C. (1953). Primates Comparative Anatomy and Taxonomy I—Strepsirhini. Edinburgh Univ Pubs Science & Maths, No 3. Edinburgh University Press. OCLC 500576914.
- Smith, Andrew T.; Xie, Yan; Hoffman, Robert S.; Lunde, Darrin (2008). A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2.
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