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Baris 4: Baris 4:
Masjid Babri dihancurkan saat sebuah pawai politik yang berujung pada sebuah kerusuhan pada 6 Desember 1992. Sebuah kasus lahan kemudian dimajukan ke [[Pengadilan Tinggi Allahabad]], yang keputusannya diumumkan pada 30 September 2010. Dalam sebuah pendengaran markah lahan, tiga hakim Pengadilan Tinggi Allahabad memerintahkan agar {{convert|2.77|acre}} dari lahan Ayodhya dibagi menjadi 3 bagian, dengan 1/3 diserahkan kepada [[Rama|Ram Lalla]] atau Bayi Rama yang diwakili oleh [[Hindu Maha Sabha]] untuk pembangunan kuil Rama, 1/3 diserahkan oleh [[Badan Wakaf Sunni]] Islam dan 1/3 sisanya diserahkan kepada sebuah aliran agama Hindu [[Nirmohi Akhara]]. Meskipun keputusan tiga hakim tersebut tak memutuskan bahwa struktur yang dipersengketakan dibangun setelah penghancuran sebuah kuil, sebuah kuil atau struktur kuil disepakati telah ada sebelum masjid tersebut di tempat yang sama.<ref>[http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/ayodhyabench4.html ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006225144/http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/ayodhyabench4.html |date=6 October 2010 }}</ref> Ekskavasi-ekskavasi oleh [[Badan Survei Arkeologi India]] sangat dipakai sebagai bukti oleh pengadilan bahwa struktur sebelumnya adalah sebuah bangunan keagamaan Hindu masif.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/ayodhyafiles/hondvsj-gist-vol1.pdf |title=Issues For Briefing |format=PDF |accessdate=11 June 2012}}</ref>
Masjid Babri dihancurkan saat sebuah pawai politik yang berujung pada sebuah kerusuhan pada 6 Desember 1992. Sebuah kasus lahan kemudian dimajukan ke [[Pengadilan Tinggi Allahabad]], yang keputusannya diumumkan pada 30 September 2010. Dalam sebuah pendengaran markah lahan, tiga hakim Pengadilan Tinggi Allahabad memerintahkan agar {{convert|2.77|acre}} dari lahan Ayodhya dibagi menjadi 3 bagian, dengan 1/3 diserahkan kepada [[Rama|Ram Lalla]] atau Bayi Rama yang diwakili oleh [[Hindu Maha Sabha]] untuk pembangunan kuil Rama, 1/3 diserahkan oleh [[Badan Wakaf Sunni]] Islam dan 1/3 sisanya diserahkan kepada sebuah aliran agama Hindu [[Nirmohi Akhara]]. Meskipun keputusan tiga hakim tersebut tak memutuskan bahwa struktur yang dipersengketakan dibangun setelah penghancuran sebuah kuil, sebuah kuil atau struktur kuil disepakati telah ada sebelum masjid tersebut di tempat yang sama.<ref>[http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/ayodhyabench4.html ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006225144/http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/ayodhyabench4.html |date=6 October 2010 }}</ref> Ekskavasi-ekskavasi oleh [[Badan Survei Arkeologi India]] sangat dipakai sebagai bukti oleh pengadilan bahwa struktur sebelumnya adalah sebuah bangunan keagamaan Hindu masif.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/ayodhyafiles/hondvsj-gist-vol1.pdf |title=Issues For Briefing |format=PDF |accessdate=11 June 2012}}</ref>


==Catatan==
== Catatan ==
{{reflist|group=note}}
{{reflist|group=note}}


==Referensi==
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==Sumber==
== Sumber ==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web|last=Sharma |first=Dharam Veer |title=Judgement in OOS No. 4 of 1989 (Decision of Hon'ble Special Full Bench hearing Ayodhya Matters) |date=30 August 2010 |publisher=Allahabad High Court |url=http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/DisplayAyodhyaBenchLandingPage.do |accessdate=2014-12-27 |ref={{sfnref|Dharam Veer Sharma|2010}} |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827003623/http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/DisplayAyodhyaBenchLandingPage.do |archivedate=27 August 2014 }}
* {{cite web|last=Sharma |first=Dharam Veer |title=Judgement in OOS No. 4 of 1989 (Decision of Hon'ble Special Full Bench hearing Ayodhya Matters) |date=30 August 2010 |publisher=Allahabad High Court |url=http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/DisplayAyodhyaBenchLandingPage.do |accessdate=2014-12-27 |ref={{sfnref|Dharam Veer Sharma|2010}} |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827003623/http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/DisplayAyodhyaBenchLandingPage.do |archivedate=27 August 2014 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Bacchetta |first=Paola |title=Sacred Space in Conflict in India: The Babri Masjid Affair |journal=Growth and Change |volume=31 |issue=2 |year=2000 |pp=255–284 |doi=10.1111/0017-4815.00128 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Bacchetta |first=Paola |title=Sacred Space in Conflict in India: The Babri Masjid Affair |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_growth-and-change_spring-2000_31_2/page/255 |journal=Growth and Change |volume=31 |issue=2 |year=2000 |pp=255–284 |doi=10.1111/0017-4815.00128 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Jain |first=Meenakshi |authorlink=Meenakshi Jain |title=Rama and Aydhya |publisher=Aryan Books |location=New Delhi |year=2013 |isbn=8173054517 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Jain |first=Meenakshi |authorlink=Meenakshi Jain |title=Rama and Aydhya |publisher=Aryan Books |location=New Delhi |year=2013 |isbn=8173054517 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jha |first1=Krishna |last2=Jha |first2=Dhirendra K. |title=Ayodhya: The Dark Night |publisher=HarperCollins India |year=2012 |isbn=978-93-5029-600-4 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jha |first1=Krishna |last2=Jha |first2=Dhirendra K. |title=Ayodhya: The Dark Night |publisher=HarperCollins India |year=2012 |isbn=978-93-5029-600-4 |ref=harv}}
Baris 19: Baris 19:
* {{cite book |last1=Layton |first=R. |last2=Thomas |first2=P. |chapter=Introduction |editor1-last=Layton |editor1-first=R. |editor2-last=Stone |editor2-first=P. |editor3-last=Thomas |editor3-first=J. |title=Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property |publisher=Routledge |year=2003 |isbn=1134604971 |pp=1–21|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last1=Layton |first=R. |last2=Thomas |first2=P. |chapter=Introduction |editor1-last=Layton |editor1-first=R. |editor2-last=Stone |editor2-first=P. |editor3-last=Thomas |editor3-first=J. |title=Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property |publisher=Routledge |year=2003 |isbn=1134604971 |pp=1–21|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Narain |first=Harsh |authorlink=Harsh Narain |year=1993 |title=The Ayodhya Temple Mosque Dispute: Focus on Muslim Sources |location=Delhi |publisher=Penman Publishers |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Narain |first=Harsh |authorlink=Harsh Narain |year=1993 |title=The Ayodhya Temple Mosque Dispute: Focus on Muslim Sources |location=Delhi |publisher=Penman Publishers |ref=harv}}
* {{cite news |last=Ratnagar |first=Shereen |title= Archaeology at the Heart of a Political Confrontation: The Case of Ayodhya |year= 2004 |journal=Current Anthropology |volume=45 |number=2 | pages=239–259 |JSTOR=381044 |ref=Rat04}}
* {{cite news |last=Ratnagar |first=Shereen |title= Archaeology at the Heart of a Political Confrontation: The Case of Ayodhya |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_current-anthropology_2004-04_45_2/page/239 |year= 2004 |journal=Current Anthropology |volume=45 |number=2 | pages=239–259 |JSTOR=381044 |ref=Rat04}}
* {{cite book |last=Sharma |first=Ram Sharan |chapter=The Ayodhya issue |editor1=R. Layton |editor2=P. Stone |editor3=J. Thomas |title=Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property |publisher=Routledge |year=2003 |isbn=1134604971 |pp=127–138}}
* {{cite book |last=Sharma |first=Ram Sharan |chapter=The Ayodhya issue |editor1=R. Layton |editor2=P. Stone |editor3=J. Thomas |title=Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property |publisher=Routledge |year=2003 |isbn=1134604971 |pp=127–138}}
* {{cite journal |last=van der Veer |first=Peter |title='God must be Liberated!' A Hindu Liberation Movement in Ayodhya |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=21 |issue=2|year=1987 |pp=283–301 |jstor=312648 |ref=harv |doi=10.1017/s0026749x00013810}}
* {{cite journal |last=van der Veer |first=Peter |title='God must be Liberated!' A Hindu Liberation Movement in Ayodhya |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_modern-asian-studies_1987-04_21_2/page/283 |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=21 |issue=2|year=1987 |pp=283–301 |jstor=312648 |ref=harv |doi=10.1017/s0026749x00013810}}
* {{cite book |last=van der Veer |first=Peter |title=Gods on Earth: The Management of Religious Experience and Identity in a North Indian Pilgrimage Centre |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1989 |isbn=0485195100 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=van der Veer |first=Peter |title=Gods on Earth: The Management of Religious Experience and Identity in a North Indian Pilgrimage Centre |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1989 |isbn=0485195100 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=van der Veer |first=Peter |title=Ayodhya and Somnath: Eternal Shrines, Contested Histories |journal=Social Research |volume=59 |number=1 |date=1992|pp=85–109 |jstor=40970685 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=van der Veer |first=Peter |title=Ayodhya and Somnath: Eternal Shrines, Contested Histories |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_social-research_spring-1992_59_1/page/85 |journal=Social Research |volume=59 |number=1 |date=1992|pp=85–109 |jstor=40970685 |ref=harv}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


==Bacaan tambahan==
== Bacaan tambahan ==
* {{cite news |author=Aswathy |title=Babri Masjid demolition: A timeline |publisher=One India |date=6 December 2013 |url=http://www.oneindia.com/india/babri-masjid-demolition-timeline-1353950.html|accessdate=2014-12-06}}
* {{cite news |author=Aswathy |title=Babri Masjid demolition: A timeline |publisher=One India |date=6 December 2013 |url=http://www.oneindia.com/india/babri-masjid-demolition-timeline-1353950.html|accessdate=2014-12-06}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Bajaj |editor-first=Jitendra |title=Ayodhya and the Future of India |year=1993 |location=Madras |publisher=Centre for Policy Studies}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Bajaj |editor-first=Jitendra |title=Ayodhya and the Future of India |year=1993 |location=Madras |publisher=Centre for Policy Studies}}
* {{cite book |last=Elst |first=Koenraad |authorlink=Koenraad Elst |title=Ram Janmabhoomi Vs Babri Masjid |publisher=Voice of India |location=New Delhi |year=1990}}
* {{cite book |last=Elst |first=Koenraad |authorlink=Koenraad Elst |title=Ram Janmabhoomi Vs Babri Masjid |publisher=Voice of India |location=New Delhi |year=1990}}
* {{cite book |last=Elst |first=Koenraad |authorlink=Koenraad Elst |title=Ayodhya: The Case Against the Temple |year=2002 |isbn=81-85990-75-1}}
* {{cite book |last=Elst |first=Koenraad |authorlink=Koenraad Elst |title=Ayodhya: The Case Against the Temple |url=https://archive.org/details/ayodhyacaseagain0000elst |year=2002 |isbn=81-85990-75-1}}
* {{cite book |last=Emmanuel |first=Dominic |title=The Mumbai bomb blasts and the Ayodhya tangle |newspaper=National Catholic Reporter |date=27 August 2003 |url=http://www.nationalcatholicreporter.org/globalpers/gp082703.htm |accessdate=2014-12-07}}
* {{cite book |last=Emmanuel |first=Dominic |title=The Mumbai bomb blasts and the Ayodhya tangle |newspaper=National Catholic Reporter |date=27 August 2003 |url=http://www.nationalcatholicreporter.org/globalpers/gp082703.htm |accessdate=2014-12-07}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Engineer |editor-first=Asghar Ali |title=Babri Masjid Ramjanambhumi Controversy |publisher=Ajanta Publications |location=Delhi |year=1990}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Engineer |editor-first=Asghar Ali |title=Babri Masjid Ramjanambhumi Controversy |publisher=Ajanta Publications |location=Delhi |year=1990}}
* {{cite book |last=Hassner |first=Ron E. |title=War on Sacred Grounds |year=2009 |location=Ithaca |publisher=Cornell University Press |url=http://www.waronsacredgrounds.com/}}
* {{cite book |last=Hassner |first=Ron E. |title=War on Sacred Grounds |year=2009 |location=Ithaca |publisher=Cornell University Press |url=http://www.waronsacredgrounds.com/}}
* {{cite book |first=R. |last=Nath |title=Babari Masjid of Ayodhya |location=Jaipur |publisher=The Historical Research Documentation program |year=1990}}
* {{cite book |first=R. |last=Nath |title=Babari Masjid of Ayodhya |location=Jaipur |publisher=The Historical Research Documentation program |year=1990}}
* {{cite book |last1=Nandy |first1=A. |authorlink1=Ashis Nandy |first2=S. |last2=Trivedy |first3=S. |last3=Mayaram |first4=Achyut |last4=Yagnik |title=Creating a Nationality: The Ramjanmabhumi Movement and Fear of the Self |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-564271-6}}
* {{cite book |last1=Nandy |first1=A. |authorlink1=Ashis Nandy |first2=S. |last2=Trivedy |first3=S. |last3=Mayaram |first4=Achyut |last4=Yagnik |title=Creating a Nationality: The Ramjanmabhumi Movement and Fear of the Self |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195642711 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-564271-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Rajaram |first=N. S. |authorlink=N. S. Rajaram |year=2000 |title=Profiles in Deception: Ayodhya and the Dead Sea Scrolls |location=New Delhi |publisher=Voice of India}}
* {{cite book |last=Rajaram |first=N. S. |authorlink=N. S. Rajaram |year=2000 |title=Profiles in Deception: Ayodhya and the Dead Sea Scrolls |location=New Delhi |publisher=Voice of India}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Sharma |editor-first=Ram Sharan |title=Communal History and Rama's Ayodhya |editor-link=Ram Sharan Sharma |publisher=People's Publishing House |edition=2nd |year=1999 |location=Delhi}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Sharma |editor-first=Ram Sharan |title=Communal History and Rama's Ayodhya |editor-link=Ram Sharan Sharma |publisher=People's Publishing House |edition=2nd |year=1999 |location=Delhi}}
* {{cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Sushil |title=Disputed Mosque, A historical inquiry |publisher=Vistaar Publication |location=New Delhi |year=1991}}
* {{cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Sushil |title=Disputed Mosque, A historical inquiry |url=https://archive.org/details/disputedmosquehi00sush |publisher=Vistaar Publication |location=New Delhi |year=1991}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Thacktson |editor-first=Wheeler M. |title=[[Baburnama]]: Memoirs of [[Babur]], Prince and Emperor |year=1996 |location=New York and London |publisher=Oxford University Press}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Thacktson |editor-first=Wheeler M. |title=[[Baburnama]]: Memoirs of [[Babur]], Prince and Emperor |year=1996 |location=New York and London |publisher=Oxford University Press}}
* {{cite book |last=Thapar |first=Romila |authorlink=Romila Thapar |chapter=A Historical Perspective on the Story of Rama |editor=Thapar, Romila |title=Cultural Pasts: Essays in Early Indian History |location=New Delhi |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-19-564050-0 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Thapar |first=Romila |authorlink=Romila Thapar |chapter=A Historical Perspective on the Story of Rama |editor=Thapar, Romila |title=Cultural Pasts: Essays in Early Indian History |url=https://archive.org/details/culturalpastsess0000thap |location=New Delhi |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-19-564050-0 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last1=Varma |first1=Thakur Prasad |first2=Swarajya Prakash |last2=Gupta |title=Ayodhya ka Itihas evam Puratattva — Rigveda kal se ab tak (History and Archaeology of Ayodhya— From the Time of the Rigveda to the Present) |language=Hindi |publisher=Bharatiya Itihasa evam Samskrit Parishad and DK Printworld |location=New Delhi}}
* {{cite book |last1=Varma |first1=Thakur Prasad |first2=Swarajya Prakash |last2=Gupta |title=Ayodhya ka Itihas evam Puratattva — Rigveda kal se ab tak (History and Archaeology of Ayodhya— From the Time of the Rigveda to the Present) |language=Hindi |publisher=Bharatiya Itihasa evam Samskrit Parishad and DK Printworld |location=New Delhi}}


==Pranala luar==
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://twocircles.net/?q=2010oct05/nirmohi_akhara_ready_outofcourt_settlement.html Nirmohi Akhara ready for out-of-court settlement] – TCN News
* [http://twocircles.net/?q=2010oct05/nirmohi_akhara_ready_outofcourt_settlement.html Nirmohi Akhara ready for out-of-court settlement] – TCN News
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140827003623/http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/DisplayAyodhyaBenchLandingPage.do Ram Janmabhoomi Babri Masjid – Ayodhya Bench: Gist of Judgments] at ''[[Allahabad High Court]]''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140827003623/http://elegalix.allahabadhighcourt.in/elegalix/DisplayAyodhyaBenchLandingPage.do Ram Janmabhoomi Babri Masjid – Ayodhya Bench: Gist of Judgments] at ''[[Allahabad High Court]]''

Revisi terkini sejak 12 Desember 2023 02.40

Persengketaan Ayodhya
Arkeologi Ayodhya
Masjid Babri
Penghancuran Masjid Babri
Ram Janmabhoomi
Serangan Ram Janmabhoomi 2005
Organisasi
Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha
Vishva Hindu Parishad
Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas
Partai Bharatiya Janata
Komisi Liberhan
Nirmohi Akhara
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Badan Wakaf Sunni
Tokoh
Babur
Ashok Singhal
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
L. K. Advani
Kalyan Singh
Murli Manohar Joshi
Uma Bharti

Persengketaan Ayodhya (bahasa Hindi: अयोध्या विवाद 'Ayōdhyā Vivād' , bahasa Urdu: مسئلۂ ایودھیا 'Masʾala-ē Ayōdhyā' ) adalah sebuah debat politik, sejarah dan sosio-keagamaan di India, yang terpusat pada sebidang lahan di kota Ayodhya, distrik Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh. Masalah utamanya adalah dorongan untuk membolehkan akses ke sebuah situs yang secara tradisional dianggap oleh umat Hindu merupakan tempat lahir dari dewa Hindu Rama, sejarah dan lokasi dari Masjid Babri di tempat tersebut, dan apakah sebuah kuil Hindu pada masa sebelumnya dihancurkan atau dimodifikasi untuk membuat masjid tersebut.

Masjid Babri dihancurkan saat sebuah pawai politik yang berujung pada sebuah kerusuhan pada 6 Desember 1992. Sebuah kasus lahan kemudian dimajukan ke Pengadilan Tinggi Allahabad, yang keputusannya diumumkan pada 30 September 2010. Dalam sebuah pendengaran markah lahan, tiga hakim Pengadilan Tinggi Allahabad memerintahkan agar 277 ekar (112 ha) dari lahan Ayodhya dibagi menjadi 3 bagian, dengan 1/3 diserahkan kepada Ram Lalla atau Bayi Rama yang diwakili oleh Hindu Maha Sabha untuk pembangunan kuil Rama, 1/3 diserahkan oleh Badan Wakaf Sunni Islam dan 1/3 sisanya diserahkan kepada sebuah aliran agama Hindu Nirmohi Akhara. Meskipun keputusan tiga hakim tersebut tak memutuskan bahwa struktur yang dipersengketakan dibangun setelah penghancuran sebuah kuil, sebuah kuil atau struktur kuil disepakati telah ada sebelum masjid tersebut di tempat yang sama.[1] Ekskavasi-ekskavasi oleh Badan Survei Arkeologi India sangat dipakai sebagai bukti oleh pengadilan bahwa struktur sebelumnya adalah sebuah bangunan keagamaan Hindu masif.[2]

Referensi

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  1. ^ [1] Diarsipkan 6 October 2010 di Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ "Issues For Briefing" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 11 June 2012. 

Bacaan tambahan

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Pranala luar

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