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#ALIH [[Kebuddhaan#28_Buddha_dan_1_Bodhisatta]]
{{buddhisme}}
Di negara-negara di mana Buddhisme [[Theravada]] dianut oleh mayoritas masyarakat ([[Buddhisme di Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka]], [[Buddhisme di Kamboja|Kamboja]], [[Buddhisme di Laos|Laos]], [[Buddhisme di Myanmar|Myanmar]], [[Buddhisme di Thailand|Thailand]]), merupakan hal yang lazim bagi umat Buddhis untuk menyelenggarakan perayaan-perayaan, terutama selama musim yang baik, guna menghormati 29 Buddha.

Penghormatan para Buddha ini termasuk 28 Buddha sebagaimana dijelaskan pada Bagian 27 dalam [[Buddhavamsa]], ditambah [[Maitreya|Bodhisattva Maitreya]], Buddha (ke-29) mendatang. Buddhavamsa adalah sebuah naskah yang menjelaskan kehidupan [[Buddha Gautama]] dan dua-puluh-tujuh Buddha sebelumnya. Buddhavamsa adalah bagian dari [[Khuddaka Nikaya]], yang kemudian merupakan bagian dari [[Sutta Pitaka]]. Sutta Pitaka merupakan satu dari tiga bagian dari [[Kanon Pali]] [[agama Buddha]] [[Theravada]].

28 Buddha dikatakan telah mencapai pencerahan mulai dari waktu Buddha Gautama menerima ''Niyatha Vivarana'' pertamanya (persetujuan untuk menjadi yang tercerahkan berikutnya) dari [[Buddha Dīpankara]].

Buddha-Buddha yang telah ada sebelumnya bukan hanya berjumlah 28 Buddha. Sesungguhnya, Buddha Gautama telah menyampaikan jumlah Buddha yang tidak terhingga yang telah hidup beberapa [[Kalpa (aeon)|kalpa]] lalu.

[[Berkas:Buddha recliningwsuthat.jpg|jmpl|kiri|Gambar Buddha yang berbaring di [[Wat Suthat]] di [[Thailand]] melukiskan [[Buddha Gautama]] mencapai Parinibbana.]]
[[Berkas:Buddha in Sarnath Museum (Dhammajak Mutra).jpg|jmpl|kiri|lurus|Sebuah patung [[Buddha Gautama]] dari [[Sarnath]], abad ke-4 Masehi.]]
[[Berkas:KushanMaitreya.JPG|jmpl|kiri|[[Maitreya Buddha]] dari abad ke-2 masehi [[Kesenian Greko-Buddhis|Periode Kesenian Gandharan]]]]
== Nama 28 Buddha ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Nama 28 Buddha
|-
!
! Nama Pāli<ref name=Malalasekera294/><ref name=Davids1878/>
! Kasta<ref name=Davids1878/>
! Tempat lahir<ref name=Davids1878/>
! Orang tua<ref name=Davids1878/>
! ''Bodhirukka'' (pohon pencerahan)<ref name=Davids1878/><ref name=Malalasekera319/>
! Inkarnasi dari Gautama
|-
!1
|{{IAST|Taṇhaṅkara}}<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/t/t1_th.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Taṇhaṅkara]</ref>
|
|
|Raja Sunandha dan Ratu Sunandhaa
|Rukkaththana
|
|-
!2
|{{IAST|Medhaṅkara}}<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/me_mu/medhankara.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Medhaṅkara]</ref>
|
|
|Sudheva dan Yasodhara
|Kaela
|
|-
!3
|{{IAST|Saraṇaṅkara}}<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/sa/saranankara.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Saraṇaṅkara]</ref>
|
|
|Sumangala dan Yasawathi
|Pulila
|
|-
!4
|[[Buddha Dīpankara|Dīpankara]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/d/diipankara.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Dīpankara]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Rammawatinagara
|Sudheva dan Sumedhaya
|Pipphala
|Sumedha (juga Sumati atau Megha Mānava, seorang [[Brahman]] yang kaya)<ref name=Ghosh1987/>
|-
!5
|[[Buddha Koṇḍañña|Koṇḍañña]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ku/kondanna.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Koṇḍañña]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Rammawatinagara
|Sunanda dan Sujata
|Salakalyana
|Vijitawi (seorang Chakravarti dari Chandawatinagara, Majjhimadesa)
|-
!6
|[[Buddha Maṅgala|Maṅgala]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ma/mangala.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Maṅgala]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Uttaranagara (Majhimmadesa)
|Uttara dan Uttara
|a naga
|Suruchi (di Siribrahmano)
|-
!7
|[[Saman (deity)|Sumana]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/s/sumana.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Sumana]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Mekhalanagara
|Sudassana dan Sirima
|a naga
|Raja Atulo, a Naga
|-
!8
|[[Revata Buddha|Revata]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/r/revata.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Revata]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Sudhannawatinagara
|Vipala dan Vipula
|a naga
|A Veda-versed Brahman
|-
!9
|[[Sobhita Buddha|Sobhita]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/s/sobhita.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Sobhita]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Sudhammanagara
|Sudhammanagara (ayah) dan Sudhammanagara (ibu)
|a naga
|Sujata, seorang Brahman (di Rammavati)
|-
!10
|[[Anomadassi Buddha|Anomadassi]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ay/anomadassii.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Anomadassi]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Chandawatinagara
|Yasava dan Yasodara
|ajjuna
|Seorang raja Yaksha
|-
!11
|[[Paduma Buddha|Paduma]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/pa/paduma.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Paduma]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}<ref name=BealChIII/>
|Champayanagara
|Asama dan Asama
|salala
|Seekor singa
|-
!12
|[[Nārada Buddha|Nārada]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/n/naarada.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Nārada]</ref>
|
|Dhammawatinagara
|Raja Sudheva dan Anopama
|sonaka
|seorang tapaso di Himalaya
|-
!13
|[[Padumuttara Buddha|Padumuttara]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/pa/padumuttara.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Padumuttara]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Hansawatinagara
|Anurula dan Sujata
|salala
|Jatilo an ascetic
|-
!14
|[[Sumedha Buddha|Sumedha]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/s/sumedha.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Sumedha]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Sudasananagara
|Sumedha (ayah) dan Sumedha (ibu)
|nipa
|Penduduk asli dari Uttaro
|-
!15
|[[Sujāta Buddha|Sujāta]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/s/sujaata.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Sujāta]</ref>
|
|Sumangalanagara
|Uggata dan Pabbavati
|welu
|seorang chakravarti
|-
!16
|[[Piyadassi Buddha|Piyadassi]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/pu/piyadassii.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Piyadassi]</ref>
|
|Sudannanagara
|Sudata dan Subaddha
|kakudha
|Kassapa, seorang Brahmin (di Siriwattanagara)
|-
!17
|[[Atthadassi Buddha|Atthadassi]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ay/atthadassii.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Atthadassi]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Sonanagara
|Sagara dan Sudassana
|champa
|Susino, seorang Brahman
|-
!18
|[[Dhammadassī Buddha|Dhammadassī]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/d/dhammadassii.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Dhammadassī]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Surananagara
|Suranamaha dan Sunanada
|bimbajala
|Indra, pemimpin para dewa
|-
!19
|[[Buddha Siddharttha|Siddharttha]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/s/siddhattha.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Siddhattha]</ref>
|
|Vibharanagara
|Udeni dan Suphasa
|kanihani
|Mangal, seorang Brahman
|-
!20
|[[Tissa Buddha|Tissa]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/t/tissa.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Tissa]</ref>
|
|Khemanagara
|Janasando dan Paduma
|assana
|Raja Sujata dari Yasawatinagara
|-
!21
|[[Phussa Buddha|Phussa]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/pu/phussa.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Phussa]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Kasi
|Jayasena dan Siremaya
|amalaka
|Vijitavi
|-
!22
|[[Vipassī Buddha|Vipassī]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/vy/vipassii.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Vipassī]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Bandhuvatinagara
|Vipassi (ayah) dan Vipassi (ibu)
|patali
|Raja Atula
|-
!23
|[[Sikhī Buddha|Sikhī]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/s/sikhii.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Sikhī]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Arunavattinagara
|Arunavatti dan Paphavatti
|pundariko
|Arindamo (di Paribhuttanagara)
|-
!24
|[[Buddha Vessabhū|Vessabhū]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/vy/vessabhuu.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Vessabhū]</ref>
|{{IAST|Kshatriya}}
|Anupamanagara
|Suppalittha dan Yashavati
|sala
|Sadassana (di Sarabhavatinagara)
|-
!25
|[[Buddha Kakusandha|Kakusandha]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ka/kakusandha.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Kakusandha]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}
|Khemavatinagara
|Agidatta, Brahman purohitta dari raja Khema dan Visakha
|airisa
|Raja Khema<ref name=jatakaonline/>
|-
!26
|[[Koṇāgamana Buddha|Koṇāgamana]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ku/konaagamana.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Koṇāgamana]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}<ref name=Barua2008/>
|Sobhavatinagara
|Yannadatta the Brahman dan Uttara
|udumbara
|Raja Pabbata dari daerah pegunungan di Mithila
|-
!27
|[[Kassapa Buddha|Kassapa]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/ka/kassapa.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Kassapa]</ref>
|{{IAST|Brahmin}}
|Baranasinagara
|Brahmadatta, seorang Brahman dan Dhanavati
|nigroda
|Jotipala (di Vappulla)
|-
!28
|[[Gautama Buddha|Gautama]]<ref>Vipassana.info, [http://www.vipassana.info/g/gotama.htm Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Gotama]</ref>
|Kshatriya
|[[Kapilavastu]]
|[[Śuddhodana|Raja Suddhodana]] dan [[Mahamaya]]
|[[pohon Bodhi]] (Ficus religiosa)
|
|}

== Lihat pula ==
* [[Buddhavamsa]]
* [[Lima Buddha Kebijaksanaan]]
* [[Daftar Bodhisattva]]

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|2|refs=
<ref name=Barua2008>{{cite book|last=Barua|first=A|title=Dīgha-Nikāya: romanize Pāli text with English translation|edition=1st|volume=2|chapter=|page=6|publisher=New Bharatiya Book Corporation|location=Delhi, India|year=2008|isbn=81-8315-096-9|url=}}</ref>

<ref name=BealChIII>[[#refBeal1875|Beal (1875)]], Beal S, ''Chapter III: Exciting to religious sentiment'', pp. 10-17</ref>

<ref name=Davids1878>{{cite book|last=Davids|first=TWR|last2=Davids|first2=R|authorlink=Thomas William Rhys Davids|title=Buddhist birth-stories; Jataka tales. The commentarial introduction entitled Nidana-Katha; the story of the lineage|chapter=The successive bodhisats in the times of the previous Buddhas|pages=115–44|publisher=George Routledge & Sons|location=London|year=1878|url=http://archive.org/stream/buddhistbirth00daviuoft#page/n132/mode/1up}}</ref>

<ref name=Ghosh1987>{{cite journal|last=Ghosh|first=B|title=Buddha Dīpankara: twentyfourth predecessor of Gautama|journal=Bulletin of Tibetology|volume=11 (new series)|issue=2|pages=33–8|year=1987|issn=0525-1516|url=http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/bot/pdf/bot_1987_02_03.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name=jatakaonline>[http://www.jatakaonline.com/jataka-tales/00110-prophecies-of-kakusandha-buddha-konagamana-buddha-and-kassapa-buddha Prophecies of Kakusandha Buddha, Konagamana Buddha and Kassapa Buddha]</ref>

<ref name=Malalasekera319>[[#refMalalasekera2007|Malalasekera (2007)]], Malalasekera GP, ''Bodhirukka'', p. 319</ref>
<ref name=Malalasekera294>[[#refMalalasekera2007|Malalasekera (2007)]], Malalasekera GP, ''Buddha'', pp. 294-305</ref>
<!-- <ref name=Buddhavamsa1882>{{cite book|editor-last=Morris|editor-first=R|editor-link=Richard Morris (philology)|title=The Buddhavamsa|chapter=XXVII: List of the Buddhas|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283044/page/n85 66]–7|publisher=Pali Text Society|location=London|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283044}}</ref>
<ref name=Cunningham1880>{{cite book|last=Cunningham|first=A|authorlink=Alexander Cunningham|title=Report of Tours in the Gangetic Provinces from Badaon to Bihar, in 1875-76 and 1877-78|chapter=XVIII: Tandwa|pages=70–8|publisher=Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing|location=Calcutta, India|year=1880|url=http://archive.org/stream/reporttoursinga00cunngoog#page/n80/mode/1up}}</ref>
<ref name=Huntington>{{cite web|author=|title=Life of the Buddha: Dīpankara's Prediction of Enlightenment|work=|publisher=The Huntington Archive - The Ohio State University|location=|year=|url=http://huntingtonarchive.osu.edu/studypages/internal/dl/SouthAsia/Buddhist/pgs/u5/DL0208m.htm|accessdate=2012-09-06}}</ref> -->
}}

== Pranala luar ==
* Vipassana.info: [http://www.vipassana.info/dic_idx.html Pali Proper Names Dictionary]
* <span id="refBeal1875" class="citation">{{cite book|last=Beal|first=S|authorlink=Samuel Beal|title=The romantic legend of Sâkya Buddha: from the Chinese-Sanscrit|publisher=Trubner & Company, Ludgate Hill|location=London|year=1875|url=http://archive.org/stream/cu31924023164209#page/n5/mode/2up}}</span>

* <span id="refMalalasekera2007" class="citation">{{cite book|last=Malalasekera|first=GP|authorlink=Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera|title=Dictionary of Pāli proper names|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited|location=Delhi, India|year=2007|isbn=978-81-208-3020-2|url=http://books.google.com/?id=8Au_lIP1ZnQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:%22Gunapala+Piyasena+Malalasekera%22#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</span>
{{Topik Buddhisme}}

[[Kategori:Buddha| ]]

Revisi terkini sejak 8 Februari 2024 04.47

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