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Abdullah II dari Yordania: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(38 revisi perantara oleh 19 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{Infobox Royalty
{{Infobox Royalty
| name = Abdullah II
| name = Abdullah II
| title = Raja Yordania Ke-4
| Arabic name = عبد الله الثاني بن الحسين
| title = Raja Yordania
| image = King Abdullah II of Jordan portrait.jpeg
| image = King Abdullah - World Economic Forum on the Middle East Dead Sea Jordan 2007.jpg
| caption = Abdullah II Tahun 2022
| caption = Mei 2008 dalam acara [[Forum Ekonomi Dunia]]
| reign = 7 Februari 1999 Sekarang
| predecessor = [[Hussein dari Yordania|Hussein]]
| reign = [[7 Februari]] [[1999]] – Sekarang
| predecessor = [[Hussein dari Yordania|Hussein]]
| successor = [[Pangeran Hussein bin Al Abdullah|Pangeran Hussein]]
| suc-type = Pewaris
| successor = [[Pangeran Hussein bin Al Abdullah|Pangeran Hussein]]
| spouse = [[Ratu Rania dari Yordania|Rania Al-Yassin]]
| suc-type = Heir-Apparent
| issue = [[Hussein, Putra Mahkota Yordania|Pangeran Hussein]]<br />[[Putri Iman bint Al Abdullah|Putri Iman]]<br />[[Putri Salma bint Al Abdullah|Putri Salma]]<br />[[Pangeran Hashem bin Al Abdullah|Pangeran Hashem]]
| spouse = [[Ratu Rania dari Yordania|Rania Al-Yassin]]
| styles = ''HM'' The King of Jordan<br />''HRH'' The Crown Prince of Jordan<br />''HRH'' Prince Abdullah of Jordan
| issue = [[Pangeran Hussein bin Al Abdullah|Pangeran Hussein]]<br />[[Putri Iman bint Al Abdullah|Putri Iman]]<br />[[Putri Salma bint Al Abdullah|Putri Salma]]<br />[[Pangeran Hashem bin Al Abdullah|Pangeran Hashem]]
| house = [[Hashemite]]
| styles =''HM'' The King of Jordan<br />''HRH'' The Crown Prince of Jordan<br />''HRH'' Prince Abdullah of Jordan
| house = [[Hashemite]]
| religion = [[Sunni Islam|Islam Sunni]]
| religion = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslim]]
| father = [[Hussein dari Yordania]]
| father = [[Hussein dari Yordania]]
| mother = [[Putri Muna al-Hussein]]
| birth_date = Pangeran Abdullah<br>{{Birth date and age|1962|1|30|df=y}}
| mother = [[Putri Muna al-Hussein]]
| birth_place = [[Amman]],<br>{{flag|Yordania}}
| date of birth = {{birth date and age|1962|1|30|df=y}}
| place of birth = [[Amman]], [[Yordania]]
| succession = Raja Yordania
| full name = Abdu'llah II bin al-Hussein al Hashimi
| signature = King Abdullah II of Jordan's signature.png
}}
}}


'''Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein''' ({{lang-ar| عبدالله الثاني بن الحسين |translit=ʿAbd Allāh aṯ-ṯānī ibn al-Ḥusayn}}; {{lahirmati||30|1|1962}}) adalah [[Raja Yordania]], naik tahta pada 7 Februari 1999. Dia adalah anggota dari [[wangsa Hasyimiyah]], yang telah memerintah keluarga kerajaan Yordania sejak 1921, dan dianggap sebagai [[Wangsa Hasyimiyah|generasi ke-42 keturunan langsung]] dari nabi Islam [[Muhammad]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Corboz |first=Elvire |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BOkKngEACAAJ |title=Guardians of Shi'ism: Sacred Authority and Transnational Family Networks |date=2015 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-0-7486-9144-9 |page=271 |language=en}}</ref>
'''as-Sayyid Abdu'llah II bin al-Hussein al Hashimi, Raja Kerajaan Hasyimiyah Yordania''' ([[bahasa Arab|Arab]]: عبد الله الثاني بن الحسين) (lahir [[30 Januari]] [[1962]] di [[Amman]], [[Yordania]]) adalah [[Monarki|Raja]] [[Hasyimiyah]] [[Yordania|Kerajaan Yordania]] sejak [[7 Februari]] [[1999]]. Ia diklaim merupakan generasi langsung ke-43 dari [[Muhammad|Nabi Muhammad]].


Secara nasab, Raja Abdullah II bin Husein merupakan keturunan ke-42 Nabi Muhammad Shallallahu'alaihi Wa 'Ala Alihi Wa Sallam.
Abdullah merupakan putra langsung [[Hussein dari Yordania|Raja Hussein]] dengan [[Putri Muna al-Hussein]], terlahir Antoinette (Toni) Avril Gardiner. Ia memiliki 4 saudara dan 6 saudari.

Nasab lengkap Raja Abdullah II bin Husein :

1. Nabi Muhammad Shallallahu Alaihi Wasallam

2. Fatimah Az-Zahra

3. Hasan Al-Mujtaba

4. Hasan Al-Mutsanna

5. 'Abdullah Al-Mahdi

6. Musa Al-Jun

7. 'Abdullah Ar-Ridha

8. Musa Ats-Tsani

9. Muhammad Ats-Tsa'ir

10. 'Abdullah Al-Akbar

11. 'Ali As-Salami

12. Sulaiman

13. Husein

14. 'Isa

15. 'Abdul Karim

16. Mutha'an

17. Idris (Amir Makkah)

18. Qatadah (Amir Makkah)

19. 'Ali Al-Akbar

20. Hasan Abu Sa'ad (Amir Makkah)

21. Muhammad Abu Numai Al-Awwal (Amir Makkah)

22. Rumaitsah (Amir Makkah)

23. 'Ajlan (Amir Makkah)

24. Hasan (Amir Makkah)

25. Barakat Al-Awwal (Amir Makkah)

26. Muhammad (Amir Makkah)

27. Barakat Ats-Tsani (Amir Makkah)

28. Muhammad Abu Numai Ats-Tsani (Amir Makkah)

29. Hasan (Amir Makkah)

30. 'Abdullah (Amir Makkah)

31. Husein

32. 'Abdullah

33. Muhsin

34. Syarif 'Aun Ar-Rafiq (Datuk Asyraf Marga Al-'Auni)

35. 'Abdul Mu'in

36. Muhammad (Amir Makkah)

37. 'Ali (Amir Makkah)

38. Syarif Husein (Amir Hijaz)

39. Syarif Abdullah Al-Awwal

40. Syarif Thalal

41. Syarif Husein

42. Raja Abdullah II (Raja Yordania)


== Pendidikan ==
== Pendidikan ==
[[Berkas:Abdullah II of Jordan, 2007March07 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Raja Abdullah II]]
[[Berkas:Abdullah II of Jordan, 2007March07 (cropped).jpg|jmpl|Raja Abdullah II]]
Pangeran Abdullah memulai pendidikannya di Islamic Educational College dan menerima pendidikan lanjutan di St. Edmund's School di [[Surrey]], [[Inggris]], Eaglebrook School di Massachusetts, kemudian di Akademi Deerfield di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Pada [[1980]], Pangeran Abdullah memasuki Royal Military Academy Sandhurst di Britania Raya, di mana ia menerima pendidikan militernya.
Pangeran Abdullah memulai pendidikannya di Islamic Educational College dan menerima pendidikan lanjutan di St. Edmund's School di [[Surrey]], [[Inggris]], Eaglebrook School di Massachusetts, kemudian di Akademi Deerfield di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Pada [[1980]], Pangeran Abdullah memasuki Royal Military Academy Sandhurst di Britania Raya, di mana ia menerima pendidikan militernya.


Baris 32: Baris 120:
Pada 1987, Pangeran Abdullah mengikuti Fakultas Dinas Luar Negeri di Universitas Georgetown di [[Washington, D.C.]], dan tinggal di tempat kerja sebagai Anggota Pertengahan Karier. Ia menjalani Studi dan Riset Lanjutan di Urusan Internasional di bawah bantuan M.Sc dalam Program Dinas Luar Negeri.
Pada 1987, Pangeran Abdullah mengikuti Fakultas Dinas Luar Negeri di Universitas Georgetown di [[Washington, D.C.]], dan tinggal di tempat kerja sebagai Anggota Pertengahan Karier. Ia menjalani Studi dan Riset Lanjutan di Urusan Internasional di bawah bantuan M.Sc dalam Program Dinas Luar Negeri.


== Karier militer ==
== Karier Militer ==
[[Berkas:Abdullah II Cropped.jpg|thumb|200px|Raja Abdullah II]]
[[Berkas:Abdullah II Cropped.jpg|jmpl|200px|Raja Abdullah II]]
Saat kembali, ia diangkat pada Batalion Tank ke-17, Brigade Pengawal Kerajaan ke-2 dan di musim panas 1989, ia menjadi Batalion orang kedua dalam pimpinan, dengan pangkat mayor. Pada 1991, Pangeran Abdullah merupakan Perwakilan Baju Baja dalam Jabatan Inspektur Jenderal. Ia naik pangkat menjadi LetKol pada akhir tahun dan mengambil komando Resimen Mobil Lapis Baja ke-2 pada Brigade ke-10.
Saat kembali, ia diangkat pada Batalion Tank ke-17, Brigade Pengawal Kerajaan ke-2 dan di musim panas 1989, ia menjadi Batalion orang kedua dalam pimpinan, dengan pangkat mayor. Pada 1991, Pangeran Abdullah merupakan Perwakilan Baju Baja dalam Jabatan Inspektur Jenderal. Ia naik pangkat menjadi LetKol pada akhir tahun dan mengambil komando Resimen Mobil Lapis Baja ke-2 pada Brigade ke-10.


Baris 40: Baris 128:
Di samping kariernya sebagai opsir pasukan, Pangeran Abdullah telah bertugas di Yordania dalam banyak waktu dalam kapasitas resmi pengawas dalam absennya Raja Hussein, dan ia secara berkala berjalan dengan Raja Hussein. Sebelum naik tahta, Pangeran Abdullah mewakili Yordania dan ayahandanya dalam banyak kunjungan ke seluruh negara di seantero dunia, dan mengembangkan hubungan akrab dengan pemimpin dan pejabat sejumlah negara Arab selama kursus kariernya.
Di samping kariernya sebagai opsir pasukan, Pangeran Abdullah telah bertugas di Yordania dalam banyak waktu dalam kapasitas resmi pengawas dalam absennya Raja Hussein, dan ia secara berkala berjalan dengan Raja Hussein. Sebelum naik tahta, Pangeran Abdullah mewakili Yordania dan ayahandanya dalam banyak kunjungan ke seluruh negara di seantero dunia, dan mengembangkan hubungan akrab dengan pemimpin dan pejabat sejumlah negara Arab selama kursus kariernya.


== Pernikahan dan anak ==
== Tanda Kehormatan ==
Selama bertakhta sebagai Raja Yordania, Raja Abdullah telah menerima berbagai tanda kehormatan, diantaranya;<ref>{{Cite web|title=jordan4|url=https://www.royalark.net/Jordan/jordan4.htm|website=www.royalark.net|access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref>
Abdullah menikah dengan seorang kelahiran [[Warga Palestina|Palestina]], Rania Al-Yassin (kini [[Ratu Rania dari Yordania|Ratu Rania al-Abdullah]]) pada [[10 Juni]] [[1993]]. Mereka memiliki empat anak:
=== Dalam Negeri ===
* [[Pangeran Hussein bin Al Abdullah II|Pangeran Hussein]] (lahir [[28 Juni]] [[1994]])
*{{flag|Yordania}}:
* [[Putri Iman bint Al Abdullah II|Putri Iman]] (lahir [[27 September]] [[1996]])
**[[File:JOR Al-Hussein ibn Ali Order BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Master of the [[:en:Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali|Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali]]
* [[Putri Salma bint Al Abdullah II|Putri Salma]] (lahir [[26 September]] [[2000]])
**[[File:JOR Order of the Renaissance GC.SVG|70px]] Grand Master of the [[:en:Supreme Order of the Renaissance|Supreme Order of the Renaissance]]
* [[Pangeran Hashem bin Al Abdullah II|Pangeran Hashem]] (lahir [[30 Januari]] [[2005]])
**[[File:JOR Order of the Hashemite Star ribbon.svg|70px]] Grand Master of the Order of the Hashemite Star<ref>{{Cite news|agency=AP|date=5 April 2021|title=Jordanian King Abdullah II sends tough message on dissent in royal family|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/jordanian-king-abdullah-ii-sends-tough-message-on-dissent-in-royal-family-121040500045_1.html|access-date=4 May 2021}}</ref>
**[[File:Order of Military Gallantry (Jordan).png|70px]] Grand Master of the Order of Military Gallantry
**[[File:Order of the Star of Jordan - Grand Cordon.png|70px]] Grand Master of the [[:en:Order of the Star of Jordan|Order of the Star of Jordan]]
**[[File:Order of Independence - Grand Cordon (Jordan).png|70px]] Grand Master of the [[:en:Order of Independence (Jordan)|Order of Independence]]
**[[File:Order of Military Merit (Jordan) - Grand Cordon.png|70px]] Grand Master of the [[:en:Order of Military Merit (Jordan)|Order of Military Merit]]
**[[File:Order of King Abdullah II.jpg|70px]] Founding Grand Master of the Order of King Abdullah II bin Al Hussein for Excellence.
**[[File:Order_of_the_State_Centennial.jpg|70px]] Founding Grand Master of the Order of the State Centennial.
**[[File:Al-Hussein Medal for Excellence.gif|70px]] Sovereign of the Al-Hussein Medal of Excellence.
**[[File:Long Service Medal.gif|70px]] Sovereign of the Long Service Medal.
**[[File:Medal of Leadership Competence (Jordan).png|70px]] Sovereign of the Administrative & Leadership Competence Medal.
**[[File:Medal for Administrative and Technical Competence.gif|70px]] Sovereign of the Administrative & Technical Competence Medal.
**[[File:Medal of Training Competence (Jordan).png|70px]] Sovereign of the Administrative & Training Competence Medal.


=== Luar Negeri ===
Raja Abdullah merupakan pilot dan prajurit tentara payung terjun bebas. Perhatian lainnya ialah balap mobil (ia merupakan mantan Juara Balap Reli Nasional Yordania), olah raga air, penyelaman dan mengumpulkan senjata dan alat perang kuno.
* {{flag|Aljazair}} :
** [[File:National Order of Merit - Athir v.1 (Algeria) - ribbon bar.gif|70px]] Grand Collar of the [[:en:National Order of Merit (Algeria)|National Order of Merit]] (4 Desember 2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rhc.jo/en/media/news/king-president-tebboune-hold-talks-algeria|title=King, President Tebboune hold talks in Algeria|date=4 December 2022|website=rhc.jo}}</ref>
* {{flag|Austria}} :
** [[File:AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 1st Class BAR.png|70px]] Grand Star of the [[:en:Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria|Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria]] (Januari 2001)
* {{Flag|Bahrain}} :
** [[Berkas:Wisam al-Khalifa 1st class.gif|70px]] Grand Cordon with Collar Order of al-Khalifa (4 November 1999)
* {{flag|Belanda}} :
** [[File:NLD Order of the Dutch Lion - Grand Cross BAR.png|70px]] Knight Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of the Netherlands Lion|Order of the Netherlands Lion]] (30 Oktober 2006)<ref>PPE Agency, State visit of Jordan in Netherlands 2006, [http://www.ppe-agency.com/preview.php?start=0&id=10347&zoektype=2&search=30-10-2006%20Gala Photo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208055926/http://www.ppe-agency.com/preview.php?start=0&id=10347&zoektype=2&search=30-10-2006%20Gala |date=8 December 2013}}</ref>
** [[File:NLD Order of the House of Orange - Grand Cross BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of the House of Orange|Order of the House of Orange]] (7 Desember 1994)
* {{flag|Belgia}} :
**[[File:Grand Crest Ordre de Leopold.png|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]] (18 Mei 2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/casas-reales/2016-05-18/duelo-reinas-rania-jordania-matilde-belgica_1202279/|title=Nuevo duelo de reinas: una Rania muy demodé no puede con una Matilde sublime. Noticias de Casas Reales|date=18 May 2016|access-date=13 July 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724180536/http://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/casas-reales/2016-05-18/duelo-reinas-rania-jordania-matilde-belgica_1202279/|archive-date=24 July 2016}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Britania Raya}} :
** [[File:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|70px]] Honorary Knight Grand Cross ''(Military Division)'' of the Most Honourable [[:en:Order of the Bath|Order of the Bath]] (GCB) (6 November 2001)<ref name=1997-2006awards>{{cite web|url=http://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2009-2154/DEP2009-2154.doc|title=Honorary Knighthoods Awarded 1997-2006|year=2009|website=data.parliament.uk|access-date=14 January 2022}}</ref>
** [[File:UK Order St-Michael St-George ribbon.svg|70px]] Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished [[:en:Order of St Michael and St George|Order of St Michael and St George]] (GCMG) - '''Sir''' (12 Mei 1999)<ref name=1997-2006awards/>
** [[File:UK Royal Victorian Order honorary member ribbon.svg|70px]] Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the [[:en:Royal Victorian Order|Royal Victorian Order]] (GCVO) - '''Sir''' (26 Maret 1984)<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 January 2014|title=King Abdullah II: as the Jordanian king celebrates his birthday HELLO! Online brings you 10 facts about him|url=https://www.hellomagazine.com/royalty/2014013016765/king-abdullah-jordan-birthday-facts/|access-date=14 October 2020|website=HELLO!|language=en}}</ref>
** [[File:Sandhurst Medal ribbon bar.svg|70px]] [[:en:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst#Sandhurst Medal|Sandhurst Medal]]
* {{Flag|Brunei}} :
** [[Berkas:BRU_Royal_Family_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Brunei.svg|70px]] [[Darjah Kerabat Mahkota Brunei]] (DKMB) (13 Mei 2008)<ref>{{Cite web|title=ODM of Brunei: Order of the Crown of Brunei|url=https://www.medals.org.uk/brunei/brunei002.htm|access-date=4 May 2021|website=www.medals.org.uk}}</ref>
* {{flag|Ceko}} :
** [[File:CZE Rad Bileho Lva 1 tridy BAR.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the White Lion|Order of the White Lion]] (11 Februari 2015)<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 February 2015|title=Jordan, Czech Republic set to boost ties at all levels|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/jordan-czech-republic-set-boost-ties-all-levels|access-date=4 October 2020|website=The Jordan Times|language=en}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Finlandia}} :
** [[File:FIN_Order_of_the_White_Rose_Grand_Cross_BAR.png|70px]] Commander Grand Cross with Collar of the [[:en:Order of the White Rose of Finland|Order of the White Rose of Finland]] (2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ritarikunnat.fi/index.php/fi/ritarikunnat/rekisterit/216-suomen-valkoisen-ruusun-ritarikunnan-suurristin-ketjuineen-saajat-ulkomaalaiset/ |title=Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat |publisher=Ritarikunnat.fi |access-date=23 May 2020 |archive-date=4 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904154004/http://www.ritarikunnat.fi/index.php/fi/ritarikunnat/rekisterit/216-suomen-valkoisen-ruusun-ritarikunnan-suurristin-ketjuineen-saajat-ulkomaalaiset |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* {{Flag|Georgia}} :
** [[File:GEO Golden Fleece Order BAR.svg|70px]] [[:en:Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia)|Order of the Golden Fleece]] (29 Mei 2022)
* {{Flag|Guinea Bissau}} :
** [[File:Medalha Amílcar Cabral.svg|70px]] Medal of Amílcar Cabral (20 Februari 2023)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jordantimes.com/news/local/king-meets-guinea-bissau-president-al-husseiniya-palace|title=King meets Guinea-Bissau president at Al Husseiniya Palace|date=20 Februari 2023|website=Jordan Times}}</ref>
* {{flag|Italia}} :
** [[File:ITA OMRI 2001 GC-GCord BAR.svg|70px]] Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the [[:en:Order of Merit of the Italian Republic|Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]] (OMRI) (9 Februari 2001)
** [[File:Cordone di gran Croce OMRI BAR.svg|70px]] Knight Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of Merit of the Italian Republic|Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]] (OMRI) (15 Januari 1987)<ref>Italian Presidency Website, S.A.R. Abdullah Bin Al Hussein Principe di Giordania : [http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=14668 Cavaliere di Gran Croce] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928084144/http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=14668 |date=28 September 2013}}; S.M. Abdullah II Bin Al Hussein Re di Giordania [http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=48715 Decorato di Gran Cordone] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928084034/http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=48715 |date=28 September 2013}}</ref>
* {{flag|Jepang}} :
** [[File:JPN Daikun'i kikkasho BAR.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Chrysanthemum|Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum]] (30 November 1999)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Decorations and Medals - Presidency of the Republic of Lebanon|url=http://www.presidency.gov.lb/English/President/Pages/Medals.aspx|access-date=4 May 2021|website=www.presidency.gov.lb|archive-date=13 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413164821/http://www.presidency.gov.lb/English/President/Pages/Medals.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
** [[File:JPN Daikun'i kikkasho BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Chrysanthemum|Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum]] (November 1993)<ref>{{Cite web|title=MOFA: Joint Press Statement on the Occasion of King Abdullah II's State Visit to Japan|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/middle_e/jordan/kv9911/jps.html|access-date=5 October 2020|website=mofa.go.jp}}</ref>
* {{flag|Jerman}} :
** [[File:GER Bundesverdienstkreuz 9 Sond des Grosskreuzes.svg|70px]] Grand Cross Special Class of the [[:en:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany|Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]] (10 Oktober 2002)
* {{flag|Kazakhstan}} :
** [[File:Medal10Astana.png|70px]] [[:en:Medal "10 years of Astana"|10 Years of Astana Medal]] (18 Mei 2008)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uniformius.ru/index/kazahstan/nagradikaz/nagradigoskaz/kazmed013.htm|title=Абдалла II – король Иордании|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091002131157/http://www.uniformius.ru/index/kazahstan/nagradikaz/nagradigoskaz/kazmed013.htm|archive-date=2 October 2009|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>
* {{flag|Korea Selatan}} :
** [[File:Grand Order of Mugunghwa (South Korea) - ribbon bar.gif|70px]] [[:en:Grand Order of Mugunghwa|Grand Order of Mugunghwa]] (4 Desember 1999)
* {{flag|Lebanon}} :
** [[File:Lebanese Order of Merit Extraordinary Grade.gif|70px]] Extraordinary Grade of the [[:en:Order of Merit (Lebanon)|Order of Merit]] (14 September 1999)
* {{flag|Libya}} :
** [[File:Order of the Grand Conqueror (Libya).gif|70px]] Member 1st Class of the Order of the Grand Conqueror (1 September 1999)
* {{flag|Montenegro}} :
** [[File:Kansas National Guard Governors Medal.png|70px]] 1st Class of the [[:en:Order of the Republic of Montenegro|Order of the Republic of Montenegro]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.vijesti.me/vijesti/politika/171409/arapskim-partnerima-najvisi-ordeni | title=Arapskim partnerima najviši ordeni }}</ref>
* {{flag|Maroko}} :
** [[File:Decoration without ribbon - en.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Muhammad|Order of Muhammad]], Special Class
** [[File:MAR Order of the Throne - Special Class BAR.png|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Throne|Order of the Throne]]
* {{flag|Norwegia}} :
** [[File:St Olavs Orden storkors stripe.svg|70px]] Grand Cross with Collar of the Royal Norwegian [[:en:Order of St. Olav|Order of St. Olav]] (4 April 2000)
* {{flag|Oman}} :
** [[File:The Order of Al Said.gif|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Al-Said|Order of Al-Said]] (22 Mei 2024)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2024/05/22/oman-jordan-gaza/ | title=Oman's Sultan Haitham and King Abdullah call for Gaza ceasefire from Amman| date=22 May 2024|publisher=The National News }}</ref><ref>[https://omannews.gov.om/topics/en/102/show/117127#:~:text=Meanwhile%2C%20King%20Abdullah%20II%20presented,between%20Omani%20and%20Jordanian%20peoples. Oman News]</ref>
** [[File:The Order of Oman (Civilian) - 1st Class.png|70px]] 1st Class (''Civil Division'') of the [[:en:Order of Oman|Order of Oman]] (4 Oktober 2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.albawaba.com/news/jordans-king-abdullah-oman-exchange-medals-sultan-haitham-1493646|title=Jordan's King Abdullah in Oman, Exchange Medals With Sultan Haitham|website=Al Bawaba}}</ref>
* {{flag|Palestina}} :
** [[File:Order of Jerusalem ribbon.png|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Orders, decorations, and medals of the State of Palestine#The Order of Jerusalem|Order of Jerusalem]] (21 November 2015)<ref name="auto6">{{Cite web|url=http://www.wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=qDqzDia588044398062aqDqzDi|title=الرئيس يقلد العاهل الأردني وسام القدس|website=www.wafa.ps|access-date=14 January 2019}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Peru}} :
**[[File:PER Order of the Sun of Peru - Grand Cross BAR.png|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of the Sun of Peru|Order of the Sun of Peru]] (31 Mei 2005)<ref>[https://kingabdullah.jo/en/news/king-holds-talks-peruvian-president King holds talks with Peruvian president]</ref>
*{{Flag|Polandia}} :
**[[File:POL Order Orła Białego BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of the White Eagle (Poland)|Order of the White Eagle]] (26 September 1999)
* {{flag|Portugal}} :
** [[File:PRT Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword - Grand Collar.svg|70px]] Grand Collar of the [[:en:Military Order of the Tower and Sword|Military Order of the Tower and Sword]] (GColTE) (16 Maret 2009)<ref name=PrPort />
** [[File:PRT Order of Prince Henry - Grand Collar BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Collar of the [[:en:Order of Prince Henry|Order of Prince Henry]] (GColIH) (5 April 2008)<ref name=PrPort>{{cite web|url=http://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154|title=Cidadãos Estrangeiros Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas|publisher=Portuguese Presidency (presidencia.pt)|language=pt|access-date=22 February 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208164102/http://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154|archive-date=8 February 2012}}</ref>
* {{flag|Rumania}} :
** [[File:Order of the Star of Romania - Ribbon bar.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Star of Romania|Order of the Star of Romania]] (20 Desember 2005)<ref>{{Cite web|title=King Abdullah, Romanian President hold talks {{!}} King Abdullah II Official Website|url=https://kingabdullah.jo/en/news/king-abdullah-romanian-president-hold-talks|access-date=5 October 2020|website=kingabdullah.jo}}</ref>
* {{flag|Siprus}} :
** [[File:CYP Order of Makarios III ribbon.svg|70px]] Grand Collar of the [[:en:Order of Makarios III|Order of Makarios III]] (17 Desember 2021)
* {{flag|Slovenia}} :
** [[File:Gold medal of freedom of slovenia rib.png|70px]] Gold Medal of the [[:en:Order of Freedom of the Republic of Slovenia|Order of Freedom of the Republic of Slovenia]] (2002)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.up-rs.si/up-rs/uprs.nsf/dokumentiweb/53ACF6D8ACD7179FC12573CC004AF359?OpenDocument |title=Up-rs.si - Seznam vseh odlikovancev od leta 1992 do decembra 2007 |access-date=13 February 2022 |archive-date=21 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821235633/http://www.up-rs.si/up-rs/uprs.nsf/dokumentiweb/53ACF6D8ACD7179FC12573CC004AF359?OpenDocument |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* {{flag|Spanyol}} :
** [[File:Order of Charles III - Sash of Collar.svg|70px]] Collar of the Royal and Distinguished Spanish [[:en:Order of Charles III|Order of Charles III]] (21 April 2006)
** [[File:Order of Isabella the Catholic - Sash of Collar.svg|70px]] Knight with Collar of the [[:en:Order of Isabella the Catholic|Order of Isabella the Catholic]] (CoYC) (18 Oktober 1999)
** [[File:ESP Gran Cruz Merito Naval (Distintivo Blanco) pasador.svg|70px]] Grand Cross with White Decoration of the [[:en:Cross of Naval Merit|Cross of Naval Merit]] (15 September 1995)
** [[File:ESP Gran Cruz Merito Aeronautico (Distintivo Blanco) pasador.svg|70px]] Grand Cross with White Decoration of the [[:en:Cross of Aeronautical Merit|Cross of Aeronautical Merit]] (23 Desember 1999)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1999/12/30/pdfs/A46381-46381.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003084726/https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1999/12/30/pdfs/A46381-46381.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Boletín Oficial del Estado|archivedate=3 October 2013}}</ref>
* {{flag|Swedia}} :
** [[Berkas:Order of the Seraphim - Ribbon bar.svg|70px]] Knight of the [[Orde Serafim|Royal Order of the Seraphim]] (RSerafO) (7 Oktober 2003)<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.kungahuset.se/english/archive/news/2022-11-15-state-visit-to-jordan |title=State visit to Jordan |date=2022-11-15 |work=kungahuset.se |access-date=2023-02-01 |language=en}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Tunisia}} :
**[[File:Order of the Republic (Tunisia) - ribbon bar.gif|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Republic (Tunisia)|Order of the Republic]]
* {{flag|Ukraina}} :
** [[File:Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise 1st 2nd and 3rd Class of Ukraine.png|70px]] 1st Class of the [[:en:Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise|Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise]] (23 April 2002)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/366/2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911223256/http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/366/2002|url-status=dead|title=Про нагородження орденом князя Ярослава Мудрого|archivedate=11 September 2015|website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України}}</ref>
** [[File:Ukraine-zaslug1.png|70px]] [[:en:Order of Merit (Ukraine)|Order of Merit]], 1st Class (22 Juni 2011)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/13746.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709155612/http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/13746.html|url-status=dead|title=Order of President of Ukraine № 698/2011 "About awarding Abdullah II Order of Merit"|archivedate=9 July 2014}}</ref>
* {{flag|Uni Emirat Arab}} :
** [[File:Order_Zayed_rib.png|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Zayed|Order of Zayed]] (1 November 2023)<ref>https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395303216732</ref>


== Pranala luar ==
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}

== Pranala Luar ==
* {{en}} [http://www.kingabdullah.jo/ Situs web resmi]
* {{en}} [http://www.kingabdullah.jo/ Situs web resmi]
Baris 55: Baris 239:
* {{en}} [http://www.meforum.org/article/688 ''Middle East Quarterly'' interview with King Abduallah II: "Iraq is the Battleground – the West against Iran"]
* {{en}} [http://www.meforum.org/article/688 ''Middle East Quarterly'' interview with King Abduallah II: "Iraq is the Battleground – the West against Iran"]
* {{en}} [http://www.freearabvoice.org/cpjOpenLetter.htm A letter from the Committee to Protect Journalists directed to King Abdullah]
* {{en}} [http://www.freearabvoice.org/cpjOpenLetter.htm A letter from the Committee to Protect Journalists directed to King Abdullah]
* {{en}} [http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engmde160012002 Amnesty International report on alleged violations of human rights in Jordan under King Abdullah]
* {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20030710072123/http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engmde160012002 Amnesty International report on alleged violations of human rights in Jordan under King Abdullah]
* {{en}} [http://www.jp2cc.org/news/KingAbdullahII.pdf King Abdullah to receive the Pope John Paul II Peace Prize]
* {{en}} [http://www.jp2cc.org/news/KingAbdullahII.pdf King Abdullah to receive the Pope John Paul II Peace Prize] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060219024258/http://www.jp2cc.org/news/KingAbdullahII.pdf |date=2006-02-19 }}
* {{en}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/723520.stm King sees shared Jerusalem]
* {{en}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/723520.stm King sees shared Jerusalem]
* {{en}} [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/13/AR2005091301810.html Jordan's King Abdullah Pushes for Moderation]
* {{en}} [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/13/AR2005091301810.html Jordan's King Abdullah Pushes for Moderation]
Baris 65: Baris 249:
{{end box}}
{{end box}}
{{lifetime|1962||}}
{{lifetime|1962||}}
{{Commonscat|Abdullah II of Jordan}}

{{Lifetime-Tokoh-Muslim
|sort =
|hari_lahir =
|tgl_lahir_h =
|tgl_lahir_m = 30
|bln_lahir_h =
|bln_lahir_m = Januari
|thn_lahir_h =
|thn_lahir_m = 1962
|tempat_lahir = Amman
|status_hidup_wafat = HIDUP
}}


[[Kategori:Raja Yordania]]
[[Kategori:Raja Yordania]]

Revisi terkini sejak 16 Juni 2024 00.30

Abdullah II
Raja Yordania Ke-4
Abdullah II Tahun 2022
Raja Yordania
Berkuasa7 Februari 1999 – Sekarang
PendahuluHussein
PewarisPangeran Hussein
KelahiranPangeran Abdullah
30 Januari 1962 (umur 62)
Amman,
 Yordania
PasanganRania Al-Yassin
KeturunanPangeran Hussein
Putri Iman
Putri Salma
Pangeran Hashem
Nama lengkap
Abdu'llah II bin al-Hussein al Hashimi
WangsaHashemite
AyahHussein dari Yordania
IbuPutri Muna al-Hussein
AgamaIslam Sunni
Tanda tanganAbdullah II

Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein (bahasa Arab: عبدالله الثاني بن الحسين , translit. ʿAbd Allāh aṯ-ṯānī ibn al-Ḥusayn; lahir 30 Januari 1962) adalah Raja Yordania, naik tahta pada 7 Februari 1999. Dia adalah anggota dari wangsa Hasyimiyah, yang telah memerintah keluarga kerajaan Yordania sejak 1921, dan dianggap sebagai generasi ke-42 keturunan langsung dari nabi Islam Muhammad.[1]

Secara nasab, Raja Abdullah II bin Husein merupakan keturunan ke-42 Nabi Muhammad Shallallahu'alaihi Wa 'Ala Alihi Wa Sallam.

Nasab lengkap Raja Abdullah II bin Husein :

1. Nabi Muhammad Shallallahu Alaihi Wasallam

2. Fatimah Az-Zahra

3. Hasan Al-Mujtaba

4. Hasan Al-Mutsanna

5. 'Abdullah Al-Mahdi

6. Musa Al-Jun

7. 'Abdullah Ar-Ridha

8. Musa Ats-Tsani

9. Muhammad Ats-Tsa'ir

10. 'Abdullah Al-Akbar

11. 'Ali As-Salami

12. Sulaiman

13. Husein

14. 'Isa

15. 'Abdul Karim

16. Mutha'an

17. Idris (Amir Makkah)

18. Qatadah (Amir Makkah)

19. 'Ali Al-Akbar

20. Hasan Abu Sa'ad (Amir Makkah)

21. Muhammad Abu Numai Al-Awwal (Amir Makkah)

22. Rumaitsah (Amir Makkah)

23. 'Ajlan (Amir Makkah)

24. Hasan (Amir Makkah)

25. Barakat Al-Awwal (Amir Makkah)

26. Muhammad (Amir Makkah)

27. Barakat Ats-Tsani (Amir Makkah)

28. Muhammad Abu Numai Ats-Tsani (Amir Makkah)

29. Hasan (Amir Makkah)

30. 'Abdullah (Amir Makkah)

31. Husein

32. 'Abdullah

33. Muhsin

34. Syarif 'Aun Ar-Rafiq (Datuk Asyraf Marga Al-'Auni)

35. 'Abdul Mu'in

36. Muhammad (Amir Makkah)

37. 'Ali (Amir Makkah)

38. Syarif Husein (Amir Hijaz)

39. Syarif Abdullah Al-Awwal

40. Syarif Thalal

41. Syarif Husein

42. Raja Abdullah II (Raja Yordania)

Pendidikan

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Raja Abdullah II

Pangeran Abdullah memulai pendidikannya di Islamic Educational College dan menerima pendidikan lanjutan di St. Edmund's School di Surrey, Inggris, Eaglebrook School di Massachusetts, kemudian di Akademi Deerfield di Amerika Serikat. Pada 1980, Pangeran Abdullah memasuki Royal Military Academy Sandhurst di Britania Raya, di mana ia menerima pendidikan militernya.

Pangeran Abdullah menamatkan universitas pada 1984, menjalani setahun kursus Studi Khusus di Politik Internasional dan Urusan Luar Negeri. Setelah kembali, ia melanjutkan kemiliterannya, menambah pengalaman dan bekerja pada jalannya sebagai Kapten dan Komandan Kompi Tank pada Brigade Lapis Baja ke-91. Antara 1986-1987, juga sebagai Kapten, ia bekerja pada Satuan Anti Tank Helikopter AU Royal Jordanian sebagai Instruktor Taktik, di mana ia menerima kualifikasi sebagai Pilot Helikopter Serangan Kobra.

Pada 1987, Pangeran Abdullah mengikuti Fakultas Dinas Luar Negeri di Universitas Georgetown di Washington, D.C., dan tinggal di tempat kerja sebagai Anggota Pertengahan Karier. Ia menjalani Studi dan Riset Lanjutan di Urusan Internasional di bawah bantuan M.Sc dalam Program Dinas Luar Negeri.

Karier Militer

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Raja Abdullah II

Saat kembali, ia diangkat pada Batalion Tank ke-17, Brigade Pengawal Kerajaan ke-2 dan di musim panas 1989, ia menjadi Batalion orang kedua dalam pimpinan, dengan pangkat mayor. Pada 1991, Pangeran Abdullah merupakan Perwakilan Baju Baja dalam Jabatan Inspektur Jenderal. Ia naik pangkat menjadi LetKol pada akhir tahun dan mengambil komando Resimen Mobil Lapis Baja ke-2 pada Brigade ke-10.

Pada penyerahan batalion pada Januari 1993, Pangeran Abdullah naik pangkat sebagai Kolonel dan bertugas sebagai Wakil Komandan Angkatan Khusus Yordania. Pada Juni 1994, ia naik pangkat sebagai BrigJen, dan memikul komando Angkatan Khusus Kerajaan Yordania, setelah bertugas sebagai Wakil Komandan selama 6 bulan. Ia diangkat sebagai komandan pada Komando Operasi Khusus pada Oktober 1997, dan pada Mei 1998, ia naik pangkat sebagai MayJen.

Di samping kariernya sebagai opsir pasukan, Pangeran Abdullah telah bertugas di Yordania dalam banyak waktu dalam kapasitas resmi pengawas dalam absennya Raja Hussein, dan ia secara berkala berjalan dengan Raja Hussein. Sebelum naik tahta, Pangeran Abdullah mewakili Yordania dan ayahandanya dalam banyak kunjungan ke seluruh negara di seantero dunia, dan mengembangkan hubungan akrab dengan pemimpin dan pejabat sejumlah negara Arab selama kursus kariernya.

Tanda Kehormatan

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Selama bertakhta sebagai Raja Yordania, Raja Abdullah telah menerima berbagai tanda kehormatan, diantaranya;[2]

Dalam Negeri

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  •  Yordania:
    • Grand Master of the Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali
    • Grand Master of the Supreme Order of the Renaissance
    • Grand Master of the Order of the Hashemite Star[3]
    • Grand Master of the Order of Military Gallantry
    • Grand Master of the Order of the Star of Jordan
    • Grand Master of the Order of Independence
    • Grand Master of the Order of Military Merit
    • Founding Grand Master of the Order of King Abdullah II bin Al Hussein for Excellence.
    • Founding Grand Master of the Order of the State Centennial.
    • Sovereign of the Al-Hussein Medal of Excellence.
    • Sovereign of the Long Service Medal.
    • Sovereign of the Administrative & Leadership Competence Medal.
    • Sovereign of the Administrative & Technical Competence Medal.
    • Sovereign of the Administrative & Training Competence Medal.

Luar Negeri

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Referensi

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  1. ^ Corboz, Elvire (2015). Guardians of Shi'ism: Sacred Authority and Transnational Family Networks (dalam bahasa Inggris). Edinburgh University Press. hlm. 271. ISBN 978-0-7486-9144-9. 
  2. ^ "jordan4". www.royalark.net. Diakses tanggal 2023-12-27. 
  3. ^ "Jordanian King Abdullah II sends tough message on dissent in royal family". Business Standard India. AP. 5 April 2021. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2021. 
  4. ^ "King, President Tebboune hold talks in Algeria". rhc.jo. 4 December 2022. 
  5. ^ PPE Agency, State visit of Jordan in Netherlands 2006, Photo Diarsipkan 8 December 2013 di Wayback Machine.
  6. ^ "Nuevo duelo de reinas: una Rania muy demodé no puede con una Matilde sublime. Noticias de Casas Reales". 18 May 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 July 2016. Diakses tanggal 13 July 2016. 
  7. ^ a b "Honorary Knighthoods Awarded 1997-2006". data.parliament.uk. 2009. Diakses tanggal 14 January 2022. 
  8. ^ "King Abdullah II: as the Jordanian king celebrates his birthday HELLO! Online brings you 10 facts about him". HELLO! (dalam bahasa Inggris). 30 January 2014. Diakses tanggal 14 October 2020. 
  9. ^ "ODM of Brunei: Order of the Crown of Brunei". www.medals.org.uk. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2021. 
  10. ^ "Jordan, Czech Republic set to boost ties at all levels". The Jordan Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 11 February 2015. Diakses tanggal 4 October 2020. 
  11. ^ "Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat". Ritarikunnat.fi. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 September 2019. Diakses tanggal 23 May 2020. 
  12. ^ "King meets Guinea-Bissau president at Al Husseiniya Palace". Jordan Times. 20 Februari 2023. 
  13. ^ Italian Presidency Website, S.A.R. Abdullah Bin Al Hussein Principe di Giordania : Cavaliere di Gran Croce Diarsipkan 28 September 2013 di Wayback Machine.; S.M. Abdullah II Bin Al Hussein Re di Giordania Decorato di Gran Cordone Diarsipkan 28 September 2013 di Wayback Machine.
  14. ^ "Decorations and Medals - Presidency of the Republic of Lebanon". www.presidency.gov.lb. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2012. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2021. 
  15. ^ "MOFA: Joint Press Statement on the Occasion of King Abdullah II's State Visit to Japan". mofa.go.jp. Diakses tanggal 5 October 2020. 
  16. ^ "Абдалла II – король Иордании". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2 October 2009. 
  17. ^ "Arapskim partnerima najviši ordeni". 
  18. ^ "Oman's Sultan Haitham and King Abdullah call for Gaza ceasefire from Amman". The National News. 22 May 2024. 
  19. ^ Oman News
  20. ^ "Jordan's King Abdullah in Oman, Exchange Medals With Sultan Haitham". Al Bawaba. 
  21. ^ "الرئيس يقلد العاهل الأردني وسام القدس". www.wafa.ps. Diakses tanggal 14 January 2019. 
  22. ^ King holds talks with Peruvian president
  23. ^ a b "Cidadãos Estrangeiros Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas" (dalam bahasa Portugis). Portuguese Presidency (presidencia.pt). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 February 2012. Diakses tanggal 22 February 2017. 
  24. ^ "King Abdullah, Romanian President hold talks | King Abdullah II Official Website". kingabdullah.jo. Diakses tanggal 5 October 2020. 
  25. ^ "Up-rs.si - Seznam vseh odlikovancev od leta 1992 do decembra 2007". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 August 2011. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2022. 
  26. ^ "Boletín Oficial del Estado" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 3 October 2013. 
  27. ^ "State visit to Jordan". kungahuset.se (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2022-11-15. Diakses tanggal 2023-02-01. 
  28. ^ "Про нагородження орденом князя Ярослава Мудрого". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 September 2015. 
  29. ^ "Order of President of Ukraine № 698/2011 "About awarding Abdullah II Order of Merit"". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 July 2014. 
  30. ^ https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395303216732

Pranala Luar

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Didahului oleh:
Hussein
Raja Yordania
7 Februari 1999 – sekarang
Diteruskan oleh:
masih berkuasa