Abu Nidal: Perbedaan antara revisi
k →Pranala luar: Persondata now moved to wikidata, removed: {{Persondata <!--Metadata: see Wikipedia:Persondata--> |NAME = Abu Nidal |ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Muhammad Sabri al-Banna, Sabri Khalil al-Banna, Mazan Sabri al-Banna, Amin al |
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(6 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
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|movement = [[Front Rejeksionis]] Palestina}} |
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'''Sabri Khalil al-Banna''' ([[Arab]]: صبري خليل البنا, Mei 1937 – 16 Agustus 2002), yang dikenal sebagai '''Abu Nidal''' (أبو نضال), adalah pendiri Fatah – Dewan Revolusioner (فتح المجلس الثوري), sebuah kelompok pejuang [[orang Palestina|Palestina]] militan yang umumnya dikenal sebagai [[Organisasi Abu Nidal]] (ANO).<ref name=Melman1987p213>[[Yossi Melman]], ''The Master Terrorist: The True Story Behind Abu Nidal'', Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987 [1986], p. 213.</ref> Pada |
'''Sabri Khalil al-Banna''' ([[Arab]]: صبري خليل البنا, Mei 1937 – 16 Agustus 2002), yang dikenal sebagai '''Abu Nidal''' (أبو نضال), adalah pendiri Fatah – Dewan Revolusioner (فتح المجلس الثوري), sebuah kelompok pejuang [[orang Palestina|Palestina]] militan yang umumnya dikenal sebagai [[Organisasi Abu Nidal]] (ANO).<ref name=Melman1987p213>[[Yossi Melman]], ''The Master Terrorist: The True Story Behind Abu Nidal'', Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987 [1986], p. 213.</ref> Pada puncak kegiatannya pada era 1970-an dan 1980-an, ANO dianggap sebagai kelompok Palestina yang paling kejam.<ref>John Kifner, [http://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/14/books/on-the-bloddy-trail-of-sabri-al-banna.html "On the bloody trail of Sabri al-Banna"], ''The New York Times'', 14 September 1986.{{paragraph break}} |
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Jonathan C. Randal, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/terror/abunidal/abunidal061090.htm "Abu Nidal Battles Dissidents"], ''The Washington Post'', 10 June 1990.{{paragraph break}} |
Jonathan C. Randal, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/terror/abunidal/abunidal061090.htm "Abu Nidal Battles Dissidents"], ''The Washington Post'', 10 June 1990.{{paragraph break}} |
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Paul Thomas Chamberlin, ''The Global Offensive: The United States, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Making of the Post-Cold War Order'', Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 173.</ref> |
Paul Thomas Chamberlin, ''The Global Offensive: The United States, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Making of the Post-Cold War Order'', Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 173.</ref> |
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Abu Nidal ("bapak perjuangan") membentuk ANO pada Oktober 1974 setelah berseteru dengan faksi [[Fatah]] yang dipimpin [[Yasser Arafat]] |
Abu Nidal ("bapak perjuangan") membentuk ANO pada Oktober 1974 setelah berseteru dengan faksi [[Fatah]] yang dipimpin [[Yasser Arafat]] di [[Organisasi Pembebasan Palestina]] (PLO).<ref>[[Patrick Seale]], ''Abu Nidal: A Gun for Hire'', Hutchinson, 1992, p. 99.{{paragraph break}} |
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For "father of struggle," [[As'ad AbuKhalil]] and Michael R. Fischbach, "Biography of Abu Nidal – Sabri al-Bana," in [[Philip Mattar]] (ed.), ''Encyclopedia of the Palestinians'', 2005 [2000], p. [http://books.google.com/books?id=GkbzYoZtaJMC&pg=PA11 11]. Melman 1987 translates it as "father of the struggle" ( |
For "father of struggle," [[As'ad AbuKhalil]] and Michael R. Fischbach, "Biography of Abu Nidal – Sabri al-Bana," in [[Philip Mattar]] (ed.), ''Encyclopedia of the Palestinians'', 2005 [2000], p. [http://books.google.com/books?id=GkbzYoZtaJMC&pg=PA11 11]. Melman 1987 translates it as "father of the struggle" (hlm. 53).</ref> Abu Nidal diyakini telah memerintahkan serangan di 20 negara, yang menewaskan lebih dari 300 orang dan melukai lebih dari 650 orang.<ref>Rex A. Hudson, [http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/pdf-files/Soc_Psych_of_Terrorism.pdf "The Sociology and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Becomes a Terrorist and Why?"], Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, September 1999, p. 97.{{paragraph break}} |
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[https://web.archive.org/web/20050207025513/http://library.nps.navy.mil/home/tgp/abu.htm "Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)"], United States Department of State, June 2004.{{paragraph break}} |
[https://web.archive.org/web/20050207025513/http://library.nps.navy.mil/home/tgp/abu.htm "Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)"], United States Department of State, June 2004.{{paragraph break}} |
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[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/terror/abunidal/abunidal061090.htm Randal (''Washington Post''), 10 June 1990].</ref> |
[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/terror/abunidal/abunidal061090.htm Randal (''Washington Post''), 10 June 1990].</ref> Tindakan kelompok tersebut meliputi [[penyerangan bandar udara Roma dan Wina]] pada 27 Desember 1985, ketika seseorang menembakkan pistol ke arah para penumpang di tempat penjualan tiket maskapai [[El Al]], sehingga menewaskan 20 orang.<ref>Seale 1992, hlm. 243.{{paragraph break}} atau 16 tewas di Roma dan empat di Wina, Roberto Suro, [http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/13/world/palestinian-gets-30-years-for-rome-airport-attack.html "Palestinian Gets 30 Years for Rome Airport Attack"], ''The New York Times'', 13 Februari 1988.</ref> |
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Abu Nidal |
Abu Nidal tewas setelah terjadi baku tembak di apartemennya di Baghdad pada Agustus 2002. Sumber-sumber Palestina meyakini bahwa ia dibunuh atas perintah [[Saddam Hussein]], namun para pejabat Irak menyatakan bahwa ia bunuh diri selama interogasi.<ref>Brian Whitaker, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,778571,00.html "Mystery of Abu Nidal's death deepens"], ''The Guardian'', 22 Agustus 2002.{{paragraph break}} |
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[[Robert Fisk]], [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/abu-nidal-notorious-palestinian-mercenary-was-a-us-spy-972812.html "Abu Nidal, notorious Palestinian mercenary, 'was a US spy'"], ''The Independent'', 25 |
[[Robert Fisk]], [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/abu-nidal-notorious-palestinian-mercenary-was-a-us-spy-972812.html "Abu Nidal, notorious Palestinian mercenary, 'was a US spy'"], ''The Independent'', 25 Oktober 2008.</ref> |
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== Sumber == |
== Sumber == |
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* [http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/Results.aspx?page=1&casualties_type=&casualties_max=&perpetrator=275&count=100&charttype=line&chart=overtime&ob=GTDID&od=desc&expanded=yes#results-table Incidents attributed to the Abu Nidal Organization], Global Terrorism Database |
* [http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/Results.aspx?page=1&casualties_type=&casualties_max=&perpetrator=275&count=100&charttype=line&chart=overtime&ob=GTDID&od=desc&expanded=yes#results-table Incidents attributed to the Abu Nidal Organization], Global Terrorism Database |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{Konflik Israel-Palestina |Tokoh}} |
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{{Normdaten}} |
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{{Persondata <!--Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]--> |
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|NAME = Abu Nidal |
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|ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Muhammad Sabri al-Banna, Sabri Khalil al-Banna, Mazan Sabri al-Banna, Amin al-Sirr, Sabri Khalil Abd Al Qadir |
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|SHORT DESCRIPTION = militan Palestina |
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|DATE OF BIRTH = 1937 |
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|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Jaffa]], [[Palestina]] |
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|DATE OF DEATH = 16 Agustus 2002 |
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|PLACE OF DEATH = [[Baghdad]], [[Iraq]] |
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}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Abu Nidal}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abu Nidal}} |
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[[Kategori:Tokoh Palestina]] |
[[Kategori:Tokoh Palestina]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 24 Juni 2024 16.37
Abu Nidal (أبو نضال) | |
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![]() Abu Nidal sebuah gambar yang dirilis pada 1976 | |
Lahir | Sabri Khalil al-Banna (صبري خليل البنا) May 1937 Jaffa, Mandat Palestina |
Meninggal | 16 Agustus 2002 Baghdad, Iraq | (umur 65)
Makam | Pemakaman Islam al-Karakh, Baghdad |
Kebangsaan | Palestina |
Organisasi | Fatah – Dewan Revolusioner (فتح المجلس الثوري) dikenal sebagai Organisasi Abu Nidal |
Gerakan politik | Front Rejeksionis Palestina |
Sabri Khalil al-Banna (Arab: صبري خليل البنا, Mei 1937 – 16 Agustus 2002), yang dikenal sebagai Abu Nidal (أبو نضال), adalah pendiri Fatah – Dewan Revolusioner (فتح المجلس الثوري), sebuah kelompok pejuang Palestina militan yang umumnya dikenal sebagai Organisasi Abu Nidal (ANO).[1] Pada puncak kegiatannya pada era 1970-an dan 1980-an, ANO dianggap sebagai kelompok Palestina yang paling kejam.[2]
Abu Nidal ("bapak perjuangan") membentuk ANO pada Oktober 1974 setelah berseteru dengan faksi Fatah yang dipimpin Yasser Arafat di Organisasi Pembebasan Palestina (PLO).[3] Abu Nidal diyakini telah memerintahkan serangan di 20 negara, yang menewaskan lebih dari 300 orang dan melukai lebih dari 650 orang.[4] Tindakan kelompok tersebut meliputi penyerangan bandar udara Roma dan Wina pada 27 Desember 1985, ketika seseorang menembakkan pistol ke arah para penumpang di tempat penjualan tiket maskapai El Al, sehingga menewaskan 20 orang.[5]
Abu Nidal tewas setelah terjadi baku tembak di apartemennya di Baghdad pada Agustus 2002. Sumber-sumber Palestina meyakini bahwa ia dibunuh atas perintah Saddam Hussein, namun para pejabat Irak menyatakan bahwa ia bunuh diri selama interogasi.[6]
Sumber
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Yossi Melman, The Master Terrorist: The True Story Behind Abu Nidal, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987 [1986], p. 213.
- ^ John Kifner, "On the bloody trail of Sabri al-Banna", The New York Times, 14 September 1986.
Jonathan C. Randal, "Abu Nidal Battles Dissidents", The Washington Post, 10 June 1990.
Paul Thomas Chamberlin, The Global Offensive: The United States, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Making of the Post-Cold War Order, Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 173.
- ^ Patrick Seale, Abu Nidal: A Gun for Hire, Hutchinson, 1992, p. 99.
For "father of struggle," As'ad AbuKhalil and Michael R. Fischbach, "Biography of Abu Nidal – Sabri al-Bana," in Philip Mattar (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Palestinians, 2005 [2000], p. 11. Melman 1987 translates it as "father of the struggle" (hlm. 53).
- ^ Rex A. Hudson, "The Sociology and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Becomes a Terrorist and Why?", Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, September 1999, p. 97. "Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)", United States Department of State, June 2004.
- ^ Seale 1992, hlm. 243. atau 16 tewas di Roma dan empat di Wina, Roberto Suro, "Palestinian Gets 30 Years for Rome Airport Attack", The New York Times, 13 Februari 1988.
- ^ Brian Whitaker, "Mystery of Abu Nidal's death deepens", The Guardian, 22 Agustus 2002.
Robert Fisk, "Abu Nidal, notorious Palestinian mercenary, 'was a US spy'", The Independent, 25 Oktober 2008.
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Incidents attributed to the Abu Nidal Organization, Global Terrorism Database