Nepenthes campanulata: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Taxobox |
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| color = {{tc2|tumbuhan}} |
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| name = '''''Nepenthes campanulata''''' |
| name = '''''Nepenthes campanulata''''' |
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| image = [[ |
| image = [[Berkas:Nepenthes_campanulata.jpg|nirbing|''Nepenthes campanulata'']] |
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| regnum = [[Plantae]] |
| regnum = [[Plantae]] |
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{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]}} |
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| unranked_division = [[Angiosperms]] |
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{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]}} |
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] |
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{{kladtb|[[Eudikotil]]}} |
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| ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] |
| ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] |
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| familia = [[Nepenthaceae]] |
| familia = [[Nepenthaceae]] |
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| genus = [[Nepenthes]] |
| genus = [[Nepenthes]] |
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| species = '''''N. campanulata''''' |
| species = '''''N. campanulata''''' |
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}} |
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}}{{inuse}}'''''Nepenthes campanulata''''' adalah salah satu spesies ''lowland'' kantung semar asli dataran [[Kalimantan]]. Nama spesies ''campanulata'' dipilih untuk merepresentasikan bentuk tanaman yang unik seperti bentuk bel (Latin: ''campanulatus'' = ''bell shaped''). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wistuba.com/nepenthes/borneo/lowland/nepenthes-campanulata.php|title=Nepenthes campanulata|website=www.wistuba.com|access-date=2019-12-01}}</ref> |
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'''''Nepenthes campanulata''''' adalah salah satu [[spesies]] anggota dalam [[genus]] [[Kantong semar|''Nepenthes'']]. Keunikan ''Nepenthes campanulata'' adalah lubang kantong yang kecil, berwarna hijau kekuningan, dan berbentuk lonceng.{{Sfn|Clarke et al.|(2014)|p=7.|ps="Nepenthes campanulata is one of the most unusual and poorly documented of all Nepenthes species. It is remarkable for the compact stature of the plant and its small, yellow, bellshapedc pitchers, which give the plant its species name."}} ''Nepenthes campanulata'' tumbuh di bebatuan kapur di Kalimantan.{{Sfn|Cheek, Martin dan Michal R. Golos|(2019)|p=3.|ps="Is remarked that obligate limestone species are only known from Borneo: Nepenthes boschiana Korth, N. campanulata."}} ''Nepenthes campanulata'' dapat tumbuh di tepi tebing di kawasan hutan dengan ketinggian mendekati 100 meter.{{Sfn|Bourke, Greg|(2011)|p=24.|ps="A large colony of Nepenthes campanulala growing in a cliff face almost 100m above the forest floor."}} |
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== Ciri khas == |
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Spesies ini ditemukan pertama kali pada 1957 oleh A. Kosterman di bagian muka tebing Gunung Ilas Bungaan pada bagian Timur Kalimantan, lalu tanaman ini sempat diperkirakan telah punah sampai pada tahun 1997 ditemukan kembali. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.blackjungleterrariumsupply.com/Nepenthes-campanulata_p_793.html|title=Nepenthes campanulata|website=Black Jungle Exotics|access-date=2019-12-01}}</ref> |
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''Nepenthes campanulata'' merupaka tipe kantong semar kering. Bibir kantung hampir tidak ada, namun lilin perekat sangat banyak. Ini memudahkan pengangkapan antropda meski di cuaca kering. Bentuk tubuh ini juga mengurangi pengeluaran cairan. Sebagian besar mulut kantong hanya digunakan untuk menangkap mangsa, sedangkan proses pencernaan makanan dilakukan di dalam kantong. Stuktur mulut kantong yang kecil tidak menjadi kerugian bagi ''Nepenthes campanulata.'' Ini dikarenakan daerah tepian tebing jarang terkena air hujan secara langsung.{{Sfn|Clarke et al.|(2014)|p=12.|ps="N. campanulata pitchers represent an extreme development of the dry type pitcher format. The peristome is reduced to such an extent that it is barely visible, but the waxy zone is very highly developed. This makes the pitchers effective arthropod traps even when the weather is comparatively dry. Water loss from pitchers is minimized by reducing the digestive zone to a small area at the bottom of the pitcher, with a correspondingly small quantity of pitcher fluid. In other words, most of the surface area of the trap is devoted to capturing and retention of prey, whereas only a small part is devoted to the digestion of prey. The bell-shaped structure does not prevent rainfall from entering, but because the plants often grow beneath overhangs on the cliff face, they rarely receive large quantities of direct rainfall, so a bell-shaped pitcher with a small lid is not a disadvantage."}} |
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== Referensi == |
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Tanaman ini merupakan spesies yang tidak biasa sebab memiliki bentuk serupa bel yang terbalik dengan warna hijau kekuningan. ''Nepenthes campanulata'' memiliki daun dan batang yang kecil namun bagian kantung dapat tumbuh sampai ketinggian 10 cm dengan diameter 5 cm. Habitat tanaman ini ditemukan di daerah berbatu, tebing berlumut, atau substrat kapur basah. Walaupun keberadaannya masih sulit ditemukan, ''N. campanulata'' mudah dibudidayakan. <ref name=":0" /> |
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<references /> |
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== Daftar Pustaka == |
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* {{cite journal|last=Bourke|first=Greg|date=Maret 2011|title=The Nepenfhes of Mulu National Park|journal=Carniflora Australis|volume=8|issue=1|pages=20-31|doi=|issn=|ref={{sfnref|Bourke, Greg|(2011)}}|url-status=live}} |
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* {{cite journal|last=Cheek, Martin dan Michal R. Golos|first=|date=2019|title=Nepenthes(Nepenthaceae) on Limestone:New Discoveries|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=1-5|doi=|issn=|ref={{sfnref|Cheek, Martin dan Michal R. Golos|(2019)}}|url-status=live}} |
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* {{cite journal|last=Clarke et al.|first=|date=Maret 2014|title=Observations of the Natural History and Ecology of Nepenthes campanulata|journal=Carnivorous Plant Newsletter|volume=43|issue=1|pages=7-13|doi=|issn=0190-9215|ref={{sfnref|Clarke et al.|(2014)}}|url-status=live}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q150490}} |
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[[Kategori:Spesies]] |
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[[Kategori:Tumbuhan]] |
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Revisi terkini sejak 13 Juli 2024 12.29
| Nepenthes campanulata | |
|---|---|
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| Klasifikasi ilmiah | |
| Kerajaan: | |
| Klad: | Tracheophyta |
| Klad: | Angiospermae |
| Klad: | Eudikotil |
| Ordo: | |
| Famili: | |
| Genus: | |
| Spesies: | N. campanulata
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Nepenthes campanulata adalah salah satu spesies anggota dalam genus Nepenthes. Keunikan Nepenthes campanulata adalah lubang kantong yang kecil, berwarna hijau kekuningan, dan berbentuk lonceng.[1] Nepenthes campanulata tumbuh di bebatuan kapur di Kalimantan.[2] Nepenthes campanulata dapat tumbuh di tepi tebing di kawasan hutan dengan ketinggian mendekati 100 meter.[3]
Ciri khas
[sunting | sunting sumber]Nepenthes campanulata merupaka tipe kantong semar kering. Bibir kantung hampir tidak ada, namun lilin perekat sangat banyak. Ini memudahkan pengangkapan antropda meski di cuaca kering. Bentuk tubuh ini juga mengurangi pengeluaran cairan. Sebagian besar mulut kantong hanya digunakan untuk menangkap mangsa, sedangkan proses pencernaan makanan dilakukan di dalam kantong. Stuktur mulut kantong yang kecil tidak menjadi kerugian bagi Nepenthes campanulata. Ini dikarenakan daerah tepian tebing jarang terkena air hujan secara langsung.[4]
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Clarke et al. (2014), hlm. 7."Nepenthes campanulata is one of the most unusual and poorly documented of all Nepenthes species. It is remarkable for the compact stature of the plant and its small, yellow, bellshapedc pitchers, which give the plant its species name."
- ^ Cheek, Martin dan Michal R. Golos (2019), hlm. 3."Is remarked that obligate limestone species are only known from Borneo: Nepenthes boschiana Korth, N. campanulata."
- ^ Bourke, Greg (2011), hlm. 24."A large colony of Nepenthes campanulala growing in a cliff face almost 100m above the forest floor."
- ^ Clarke et al. (2014), hlm. 12."N. campanulata pitchers represent an extreme development of the dry type pitcher format. The peristome is reduced to such an extent that it is barely visible, but the waxy zone is very highly developed. This makes the pitchers effective arthropod traps even when the weather is comparatively dry. Water loss from pitchers is minimized by reducing the digestive zone to a small area at the bottom of the pitcher, with a correspondingly small quantity of pitcher fluid. In other words, most of the surface area of the trap is devoted to capturing and retention of prey, whereas only a small part is devoted to the digestion of prey. The bell-shaped structure does not prevent rainfall from entering, but because the plants often grow beneath overhangs on the cliff face, they rarely receive large quantities of direct rainfall, so a bell-shaped pitcher with a small lid is not a disadvantage."
Daftar Pustaka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Bourke, Greg (Maret 2011). "The Nepenfhes of Mulu National Park". Carniflora Australis. 8 (1): 20–31.
- Cheek, Martin dan Michal R. Golos (2019). "Nepenthes(Nepenthaceae) on Limestone:New Discoveries": 1–5.
- Clarke; et al. (Maret 2014). "Observations of the Natural History and Ecology of Nepenthes campanulata". Carnivorous Plant Newsletter. 43 (1): 7–13. ISSN 0190-9215.