Keperawanan: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan

Sebaris

Revisi terkini sejak 2 Agustus 2024 21.19

Perawan atau dara merupakan seseorang yang belum pernah melakukan persetubuhan.^[1]^[2] Beberapa budaya maupun tradisi agama menempatkan keperawanan atau kedaraan sebagai suatu kehormatan, yang umumnya disandang oleh perempuan yang tidak menikah. Konsep keperawanan biasanya melibatkan isu moral atau religius yang berdampak pada status sosial maupun hubungan antarpribadi.^[3]^[4]

Seperti kesucian, konsep keperawanan secara tradisional berkaitan dengan pantangan seksual. Konsep keperawanan biasanya melibatkan masalah moral atau agama dan dapat memiliki konsekuensi dalam hal status sosial dan dalam hubungan interpersonal.^[5]^[6] Meskipun keperawanan memiliki implikasi sosial dan hukum yang signifikan dalam beberapa budaya dan masyarakat masa lalu, saat ini keperawanan tidak memiliki konsekuensi hukum di sebagian besar masyarakat.

Kata "perawan" awalnya merujuk pada perempuan yang tidak berpengalaman dalam hubungan seksual, tetapi saat ini tidak hanya sebatas itu.^[3]^[7]^[8]^[9] Seseorang yang berorientasi heteroseksual bisa beranggapan bahwa keperawanan hanya akan hilang melalui penetrasi penis dan vagina,^[3]^[8]^[10] sementara orang yang berorientasi seksual lain juga dapat menganggap seks oral, anal, hingga masturbasi sebagai seks yang menghilangkan keperawanan.^[3]^[9]

Referensi

^ "Definition of VIRGINITY". www.merriam-webster.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2017-09-12.
^ "Virgin". The Free Dictionary.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Carpenter, Laura M. (2005). Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences. NYU Press. hlm. 295 pages. ISBN 0-8147-1652-0. Diakses tanggal 9 Oktober 2011.
^ Bennett, Linda Rae (2005). Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia. Psychology Press. hlm. 19–21. ISBN 0-415-32929-9.
^ See here [1] and pages 47–49 for views on what constitutes virginity loss and therefore sexual intercourse or other sexual activity; source discusses male virginity, how gay and lesbian individuals define virginity loss, and how the majority of researchers and heterosexuals define virginity loss/"technical virginity" by whether or not a person has engaged in penile-vaginal sex. Laura M. Carpenter (2005). Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences. NYU Press. hlm. 295 pages. ISBN 978-0-8147-1652-6. Diakses tanggal October 9, 2011.
^ Linda Rae Bennett (2005). Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia. Psychology Press. hlm. 19–21. ISBN 978-0-415-32929-3. Diakses tanggal October 9, 2011.
^ Carpenter, Laura M. "The Ambiguity of "Having Sex": The Subjective Experience of Virginity Loss in the United States – Statistical Data Included". The Journal of Sex Research. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-26. Diakses tanggal 2001.
^ ^a ^b Strong, Bryan; DeVault, Christine; Cohen, Theodore F. (2010). The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society. Cengage Learning. hlm. 186. ISBN 0-534-62425-1.
^ ^a ^b Blank, Hanne (2008). Virgin: The Untouched History. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. hlm. 304. ISBN 1-59691-011-9.
^ Friedman, Mindy (20 September 2005). "Sex on Tuesday: Virginity: A Fluid Issue". The Daily Californian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-05-06. Diakses tanggal 6 Oktober 2011.

Daftar pustaka

Artikel jurnal

Armour, Stacy and Dana L Haynie. 'Adolescent Sexual Debut and Later Delinquency'. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 36 (2007): 141–152. [abstract only]
Cooksey, Elizabeth C.; Mott, Frank L.; Neubauer, Stefanie A. (2002). "Friendships and Early Relationships: Links to Sexual Initiation Among American Adolescents Born to Young Mothers" (PDF). Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 34 (3): 118–126. doi:10.2307/3097710. JSTOR 3097710. PMID 12137125.
Goodson, P.; Evans, A.; Edmundson, E. (1997). "Female adolescents and onset of sexual intercourse: A theory-based review of research from 1984 to 1994". Journal of Adolescent Health. 21 (3): 147–156. doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(97)00004-9. PMID 9283935.
Rich, Lauren M.; Kim, Sun-Bin (2002). "Employment and the sexual and reproductive behavior of female adolescents". Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 34 (3): 127–134. doi:10.2307/3097711. JSTOR 3097711. PMID 12137126. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-10-16.
Rosenberg, J (2002). "'Age at first sex and human papillomavirus infection linked through behavioral factors and partner's traits'". Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 34 (3): 171–172. doi:10.2307/3097722. JSTOR 3097722. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-10-16.

Monograf

Bently, Thomas. The Monument of Matrones: Conteining Seven Severall Lamps of Virginitie. Thomas Dawson, 1582.
Carpenter, Laura. Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences. New York University Press, 2005. ISBN 0-8147-1653-9

Pranala luar

Kominfo: [DISINFORMASI] Ciri Tidak Perawan Malam Pertama Tidak Berdarah

Artikel bertopik sosiologi ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Artikel bertopik seks ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[1] "Definition of VIRGINITY". www.merriam-webster.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2017-09-12.

[2] "Virgin". The Free Dictionary.

[:0-3] Carpenter, Laura M. (2005). Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences. NYU Press. hlm. 295 pages. ISBN 0-8147-1652-0. Diakses tanggal 9 Oktober 2011.

[4] Bennett, Linda Rae (2005). Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia. Psychology Press. hlm. 19–21. ISBN 0-415-32929-9.

[Carpenter-5] See here [1] and pages 47–49 for views on what constitutes virginity loss and therefore sexual intercourse or other sexual activity; source discusses male virginity, how gay and lesbian individuals define virginity loss, and how the majority of researchers and heterosexuals define virginity loss/"technical virginity" by whether or not a person has engaged in penile-vaginal sex. Laura M. Carpenter (2005). Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences. NYU Press. hlm. 295 pages. ISBN 978-0-8147-1652-6. Diakses tanggal October 9, 2011.

[Bennett-6] Linda Rae Bennett (2005). Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia. Psychology Press. hlm. 19–21. ISBN 978-0-415-32929-3. Diakses tanggal October 9, 2011.

[7] Carpenter, Laura M. "The Ambiguity of "Having Sex": The Subjective Experience of Virginity Loss in the United States – Statistical Data Included". The Journal of Sex Research. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-26. Diakses tanggal 2001.

[:1-8] Strong, Bryan; DeVault, Christine; Cohen, Theodore F. (2010). The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society. Cengage Learning. hlm. 186. ISBN 0-534-62425-1.

[:2-9] Blank, Hanne (2008). Virgin: The Untouched History. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. hlm. 304. ISBN 1-59691-011-9.

[10] Friedman, Mindy (20 September 2005). "Sex on Tuesday: Virginity: A Fluid Issue". The Daily Californian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-05-06. Diakses tanggal 6 Oktober 2011.

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@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
+[[File:William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) -Youth (1893).jpg|thumb|''Pemudi'', karya pelukis Prancis [[William-Adolphe Bouguereau]]. Warna putih secara tradisional dikaitkan dengan kesucian, kepolosan, dan keperawanan di [[Eropa]].]]
-[[Berkas:Virgin_Enthroned.JPG|jmpl|kanan|250px|[[Lukisan]] berjudul ''Virgin Enthroned'' yang menggambarkan seorang [[wanita]] suci sedang duduk di [[takhta]] yang didampingi dua gadis kecil. Kesuciannya sebanding dengan kedua gadis tersebut dikarenakan kemurnian harga diri tanpa dinodai [[zina]].]]
-'''Perawan''' adalah perempuan yang belum pernah melakukan [[persetubuhan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/virginity|title=Definition of VIRGINITY|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Virgin|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Virgin|journal=The Free Dictionary}}</ref> Beberapa budaya maupun tradisi agama menempatkan keperawanan sebagai suatu kehormatan yang umumnya disandang oleh perempuan yang tidak menikah. Konsep keperawanan biasanya melibatkan isu moral atau religius yang berdampak pada status sosial maupun [[hubungan antarpribadi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC|title=Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences|author=Carpenter|first=Laura M.|publisher=[[New York University|NYU Press]]|year=2005|isbn=0-8147-1652-0|location=|pages=295 pages|quote=|accessdate=9 Oktober 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia|last=Bennett|first=Linda Rae|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2005|isbn=0-415-32929-9|location=|pages=19–21}}</ref>
+'''Perawan''' atau '''dara''' merupakan seseorang yang belum pernah melakukan [[persetubuhan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/virginity|title=Definition of VIRGINITY|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Virgin|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Virgin|journal=The Free Dictionary}}</ref> Beberapa budaya maupun tradisi agama menempatkan keperawanan atau kedaraan sebagai suatu kehormatan, yang umumnya disandang oleh perempuan yang tidak menikah. Konsep keperawanan biasanya melibatkan isu moral atau religius yang berdampak pada status sosial maupun [[hubungan antarpribadi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC|title=Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences|author=Carpenter|first=Laura M.|publisher=[[New York University|NYU Press]]|year=2005|isbn=0-8147-1652-0|location=|pages=295 pages|quote=|accessdate=9 Oktober 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia|last=Bennett|first=Linda Rae|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2005|isbn=0-415-32929-9|location=|pages=19–21}}</ref>
+Seperti [[kesucian]], konsep keperawanan secara tradisional berkaitan dengan pantangan seksual. Konsep keperawanan biasanya melibatkan masalah moral atau agama dan dapat memiliki konsekuensi dalam hal status sosial dan dalam hubungan interpersonal.<ref name="Carpenter">See here [https://books.google.com/books?id=6qNCeI2AcY4C&pg=PT11&lpg=PT11] and [https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC&pg=PA48 pages 47–49] for views on what constitutes virginity loss and therefore sexual intercourse or other sexual activity; source discusses male virginity, how gay and lesbian individuals define virginity loss, and how the majority of researchers and heterosexuals define virginity loss/"technical virginity" by whether or not a person has engaged in penile-vaginal sex. {{Cite book|author=Laura M. Carpenter|title=Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences|publisher=[[New York University|NYU Press]]|year = 2005|access-date=October 9, 2011|pages=295 pages|isbn=978-0-8147-1652-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC}}</ref><ref name="Bennett">{{Cite book|author=Linda Rae Bennett|title=Women, Islam and modernity: single women, sexuality and reproductive health in contemporary Indonesia|publisher=Psychology Press|year = 2005|access-date=October 9, 2011|pages=19–21|isbn=978-0-415-32929-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JaA1kxjMebEC&pg=PA19}}</ref> Meskipun keperawanan memiliki implikasi sosial dan hukum yang signifikan dalam beberapa budaya dan masyarakat masa lalu, saat ini keperawanan tidak memiliki konsekuensi hukum di sebagian besar masyarakat.
-Istilah perawan awalnya merujuk pada perempuan yang tidak berpengalaman dalam hubungan seksual, tetapi saat ini tidak hanya sebatas itu.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-79439403.html|title=The Ambiguity of "Having Sex": The Subjective Experience of Virginity Loss in the United States – Statistical Data Included|last=Carpenter|first=Laura M.|date=|work=[[The Journal of Sex Research]]|access-date=2001|via=}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=qjvoSOMB5JMC&pg=PA186|title=The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society|last=Strong|first=Bryan|last2=DeVault|first2=Christine|last3=Cohen|first3=Theodore F.|publisher=[[Cengage Learning]]|year=2010|isbn=0-534-62425-1|location=|pages=186}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=V6IPvgFKGFUC&pg=PA253&dq=virginity+loss+among+lesbians#v=onepage&q=virginity%20loss%20among%20lesbians&f=false|title=Virgin: The Untouched History|last=Blank|first=Hanne|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] USA|year=2008|isbn=1-59691-011-9|location=|pages=304}}</ref> Seseorang yang berorientasi [[Heteroseksualitas|heteroseksual]] tidak akan kehilangan keperawanan hanya melalui [[Persetubuhan|penetrasi]] [[penis]] dan [[vagina]];<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/19565/sex_on_tuesday_virginity_a_fluid_issue|title=Sex on Tuesday: Virginity: A Fluid Issue|last=Friedman|first=Mindy|date=20 September 2005|work=The Daily Californian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506021934/http://www.dailycal.org/article/19565/sex_on_tuesday_virginity_a_fluid_issue|archive-date=2009-05-06|access-date=6 Oktober 2011|via=}}</ref> maupun orang lain yang hanya melakukan [[seks oral]], [[Seks anal|anal]], hingga [[masturbasi]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
+Kata "perawan" awalnya merujuk pada perempuan yang tidak berpengalaman dalam hubungan seksual, tetapi saat ini tidak hanya sebatas itu.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-79439403.html|title=The Ambiguity of "Having Sex": The Subjective Experience of Virginity Loss in the United States – Statistical Data Included|last=Carpenter|first=Laura M.|date=|work=[[The Journal of Sex Research]]|access-date=2001|via=|archive-date=2013-01-26|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126002610/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-79439403.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=qjvoSOMB5JMC&pg=PA186|title=The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society|last=Strong|first=Bryan|last2=DeVault|first2=Christine|last3=Cohen|first3=Theodore F.|publisher=[[Cengage Learning]]|year=2010|isbn=0-534-62425-1|location=|pages=186}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=V6IPvgFKGFUC&pg=PA253&dq=virginity+loss+among+lesbians#v=onepage&q=virginity%20loss%20among%20lesbians&f=false|title=Virgin: The Untouched History|last=Blank|first=Hanne|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] USA|year=2008|isbn=1-59691-011-9|location=|pages=304}}</ref> Seseorang yang berorientasi [[Heteroseksualitas|heteroseksual]] bisa beranggapan bahwa keperawanan hanya akan hilang melalui [[Persetubuhan|penetrasi]] [[penis]] dan [[vagina]],<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailycal.org/article/19565/sex_on_tuesday_virginity_a_fluid_issue|title=Sex on Tuesday: Virginity: A Fluid Issue|last=Friedman|first=Mindy|date=20 September 2005|work=The Daily Californian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506021934/http://www.dailycal.org/article/19565/sex_on_tuesday_virginity_a_fluid_issue|archive-date=2009-05-06|access-date=6 Oktober 2011|via=}}</ref> sementara orang yang berorientasi seksual lain juga dapat menganggap [[seks oral]], [[Seks anal|anal]], hingga [[masturbasi]] sebagai seks yang menghilangkan keperawanan.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
 == Referensi ==
 {{reflist|2}}
-== Pranala luar ==
+==Daftar pustaka==
+;Artikel jurnal
-* {{kamus|Perawan}}
+* Armour, Stacy and Dana L Haynie. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131215143956/http://www.thesociety.org/pdf/sex%20init%20and%20delinquency%20feb%202007.pdf 'Adolescent Sexual Debut and Later Delinquency'.] ''Journal of Youth and Adolescence'' '''36''' (2007): 141–152. [abstract only]
-* {{id}} [https://id.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080424234711AAhpRK5 Jawaban di Yahoo! Answers tentang derajat janda dan perawan]
+* {{cite journal | last1 = Cooksey | first1 = Elizabeth C. | last2 = Mott | first2 = Frank L. | last3 = Neubauer | first3 = Stefanie A. | year = 2002 | title = Friendships and Early Relationships: Links to Sexual Initiation Among American Adolescents Born to Young Mothers | url = http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/3411802.pdf | journal = Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health | volume = 34 | issue = 3| pages = 118–126 | doi=10.2307/3097710| jstor = 3097710 | pmid = 12137125 }}
-* {{en}} [http://www.islam.tc/cgi-bin/askimam/ask.pl?q=5687&act=view Keperawanan menurut agama Islam]
+* {{cite journal | last1 = Goodson | first1 = P. | last2 = Evans | first2 = A. | last3 = Edmundson | first3 = E. | year = 1997 | title = Female adolescents and onset of sexual intercourse: A theory-based review of research from 1984 to 1994 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-adolescent-health_1997-09_21_3/page/147 | journal = Journal of Adolescent Health | volume = 21 | issue = 3| pages = 147–156 | doi=10.1016/s1054-139x(97)00004-9| pmid = 9283935 }}
-* {{en}} [http://www.catholicplanet.com/virgin/index.htm Keperawanan menurut agama Kristen Katolik]
+* {{cite journal | last1 = Rich | first1 = Lauren M. | last2 = Kim | first2 = Sun-Bin | year = 2002| title = Employment and the sexual and reproductive behavior of female adolescents | url = https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F3097711 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151016142639/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0NNR/is_3_34/ai_91653611 | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2015-10-16 | journal = Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health | volume = 34 | issue = 3| pages = 127–134 | doi = 10.2307/3097711 | jstor = 3097711 | pmid = 12137126 }}
-* {{en}} [http://wikiethica.wikidot.com/virginity Keperawanan di WikiEthica]
+* {{cite journal | last1 = Rosenberg | first1 = J | title = 'Age at first sex and human papillomavirus infection linked through behavioral factors and partner's traits' | url = https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F3097722 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151016142639/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0NNR/is_3_34/ai_91653623 | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2015-10-16 | journal = Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health | volume = 34 | issue = 3| pages = 171–172 | year = 2002 | doi = 10.2307/3097722 | jstor = 3097722 }}
+;Monograf
+* Bently, Thomas. ''[http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/ER/detail/hkul/2413977 The Monument of Matrones]: Conteining Seven Severall Lamps of Virginitie''. Thomas Dawson, 1582.
+* Carpenter, Laura. ''Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences''. [[New York University Press]], 2005. {{ISBN|0-8147-1653-9}}
+==Pranala luar==
+* [https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/23139/disinformasi-ciri-tidak-perawan-malam-pertama-tidak-berdarah/0/laporan_isu_hoaks Kominfo: <nowiki>[DISINFORMASI]</nowiki> Ciri Tidak Perawan Malam Pertama Tidak Berdarah]
+{{Commons category}}
+{{Wikiquote}}
+{{Wiktionary}}<!-- Verified term is lower initial case on Wiktionary and changed it from upper initial case. -->
+<!--spacing-->
 {{Kekerabatan}}
+{{Authority control}}
-{{seks-stub}}
-{{sosio-stub}}
 [[Kategori:Seks]]
 [[Kategori:Sosiologi]]
+{{sosio-stub}}
+{{seks-stub}}

Pengawasan otoritas
Umum	Integrated Authority File (Jerman)
Perpustakaan nasional	Spanyol Prancis (data) Amerika Serikat Republik Ceko 2