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←Membuat halaman berisi 'jmpl|Jenderal Besar Henry Wilson Jenderal Besar '''Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|sep=,|GCB|DSO}} ({{lahirmati||5|5|1864||22|6|1922}}) adalah seorang perwira staf senior di Angkatan Darat Britania Raya dalam Perang Dunia Pertama dan sempat juga menjadi politikus Unionisme di Irlandia|propers...'
 
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{{Infobox military person
[[Berkas:Henry Hughes Wilson, British general, photo portrait standing in uniform.jpg|jmpl|Jenderal Besar Henry Wilson]]
|honorific_prefix =
|name= Sir Henry Wilson
|honorific_suffix =
|image= Henry Hughes Wilson, British general, photo portrait standing in uniform.jpg
|alt=
|caption= Jenderal Besar Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet
|birth_name= Henry Hughes Wilson
|birth_date= {{birth date|1864|5|5|df=y}}
|death_date= {{death date and age|1922|6|22|1864|5|5|df=y}}
|birth_place= [[County Longford]], Irlandia
|death_place= [[London]], Inggris
|placeofburial=
|nickname=
|allegiance= Britania Raya
|branch= [[Angkatan Darat Britania Raya]]
|serviceyears= 1882–1922
|rank= [[Jenderal Besar (Britania Raya)|Jenderal Besar]]
|servicenumber=
|unit=
|commands= [[Kepala Staf Umum (Britania Raya)|Kepala Staf Umum Kekaisaran]]<br/>[[Komando Timur (Britania Raya)|Komando Timur]]<br/>[[Korps IV (Britania Raya)|Korps IV]]<br/>[[Sekolah Staf, Camberley]]<br/>Batalion Sementara ke-9, [[Brigade Senapan]]
|battles= [[Perang Inggris-Burma Ketiga]]<br/>[[Perang Boer Kedua]]<br/>[[Perang Dunia Pertama]]
|awards= [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]<br/>[[Distinguished Service Order]]<br/>[[Mentioned in Despatches]]<br/>[[Légion d'honneur]] (Prancis)<br/>[[Orde Leopold (Belgia)|Orde Leopold]] (Belgia)<br/>[[Croix de guerre (Belgia)|Croix de guerre]] (Belgia)<br/>[[Medali Jihe]] (Tiongkok)<br/>[[U.S. Army Distinguished Service Medal|Distinguished Service Medal]] (Amerika Serikat)<br/>[[Bintang Gajah Putih]] (Siam)<br/>[[Orde Matahari Terbit]] (Jepang)<br/>[[Orde Juru Selamat]] (Yunani)
|relations=
|laterwork= [[Anggota Parlemen (Britania Raya)|Anggota Parlemen]] untuk [[North Down (daerah pemilihan Parlemen Britania Raya)|North Down]] (1922)
}}
[[Jenderal Besar (Britania Raya)|Jenderal Besar]] '''Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|sep=,|GCB|DSO}} ({{lahirmati||5|5|1864||22|6|1922}}) adalah seorang [[perwira staf]] senior di [[Angkatan Darat Britania Raya]] dalam [[Perang Dunia Pertama]] dan sempat juga menjadi politikus [[Unionisme di Irlandia|propersatuan Irlandia]].
[[Jenderal Besar (Britania Raya)|Jenderal Besar]] '''Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|sep=,|GCB|DSO}} ({{lahirmati||5|5|1864||22|6|1922}}) adalah seorang [[perwira staf]] senior di [[Angkatan Darat Britania Raya]] dalam [[Perang Dunia Pertama]] dan sempat juga menjadi politikus [[Unionisme di Irlandia|propersatuan Irlandia]].


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* {{cite book|last=Callwell|first=Major-General Sir Charles Edward |author-link=Charles Edward Callwell |title=Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: His Life and Diaries| volume=1 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206957|publisher=Cassell|year=1927}}
* {{cite book|last=Callwell|first=Major-General Sir Charles Edward |author-link=Charles Edward Callwell |title=Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: His Life and Diaries| volume=1 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206957|publisher=Cassell|year=1927}}
* {{cite book|last=Callwell|first=Major-General Sir Charles Edward |author-link=Charles Edward Callwell |title=Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: His Life and Diaries| volume=2 | url=https://archive.org/details/fieldmarshalsirh0000call_v3u8/page/n7/mode/2up|publisher=Cassell|year=1927}}
* {{cite book|last=Callwell|first=Major-General Sir Charles Edward |author-link=Charles Edward Callwell |title=Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: His Life and Diaries| volume=2 | url=https://archive.org/details/fieldmarshalsirh0000call_v3u8/page/n7/mode/2up|publisher=Cassell|year=1927}}
* {{cite book|last=Churchill|first=Winston|title=The World Crisis 1911–1918|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2007|isbn=978-0-14-144205-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Churchill|first=Winston|title=The World Crisis 1911–1918|url=https://archive.org/details/worldcrisis191110000wins|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2007|isbn=978-0-14-144205-1}}
*{{cite book |lccn=2012515665 |last=Clark |first=Christopher M. |isbn=978-0-7139-9942-6|title=The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 |location=London |publisher=[[Allen Lane]] |year=2012}}
*{{cite book |lccn=2012515665 |last=Clark |first=Christopher M. |isbn=978-0-7139-9942-6|title=The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 |location=London |publisher=[[Allen Lane]] |year=2012}}
* {{cite book|last= [[Basil Collier|Collier]] |first= Basil |title= Brasshat: A biography of Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson |url= https://archive.org/details/brasshatbiograph0000coll|url-access= registration|publisher= Secker and Warburg |year=1961 }}
* {{cite book|last= [[Basil Collier|Collier]] |first= Basil |title= Brasshat: A biography of Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson |url= https://archive.org/details/brasshatbiograph0000coll|url-access= registration|publisher= Secker and Warburg |year=1961 }}
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* {{cite book|last=Coogan|first= Tim Pat|title=Michael Collins|publisher=Cornerstone|year=1991|isbn=978-1784753269}}
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* {{cite book|last=Crosby|first=Travis B.|title=The Unknown Lloyd George, A Statesman in Conflict|publisher=I B Tauris, London|year=2014|isbn=978-1-780-76485-6}}
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* {{cite book|last=De Groot|first=Gerard|title=Douglas Haig 1861–1928|publisher=Unwin Hyman|year=1988|isbn=978-0-04-440192-6}}
* {{cite book|last=De Groot|first=Gerard|title=Douglas Haig 1861–1928|url=https://archive.org/details/douglashaig1861100unse|publisher=Unwin Hyman|year=1988|isbn=978-0-04-440192-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Dwyer|first=T. Ryle|title=The Squad|publisher=The Mercier Press Ltd|year=2005|isbn=978-1-85635-469-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Dwyer|first=T. Ryle|title=The Squad|url=https://archive.org/details/squadintelligenc0000dwye|publisher=The Mercier Press Ltd|year=2005|isbn=978-1-85635-469-1}}
* {{cite book| last1=Farrar-Hockley | first1= General Sir Anthony | title=''Goughie'' | publisher= Granada| year=1975| location=London| isbn=0-246-64059-6}}
* {{cite book| last1=Farrar-Hockley | first1= General Sir Anthony | title=''Goughie'' | publisher= Granada| year=1975| location=London| isbn=0-246-64059-6}}
* Harris, J. P. ''Douglas Haig and the First World War''. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008. {{ISBN|978-0-521-89802-7}}
* Harris, J. P. ''Douglas Haig and the First World War''. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008. {{ISBN|978-0-521-89802-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Hart|first=Peter|title=The IRA at War 1916 – 1923|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0-19-925258-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Hart|first=Peter|title=The IRA at War 1916 – 1923|url=https://archive.org/details/iraatwar191619230000hart|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0-19-925258-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Hart|first=Peter|title=1918: A Very British Victory|publisher=Phoenix Books, London|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7538-2689-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Hart|first=Peter|title=1918: A Very British Victory|url=https://archive.org/details/1918verybritishv0000hart_i3m2|publisher=Phoenix Books, London|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7538-2689-8}}
*{{Cite book|last=Hastings|first=Max|title= Catastrophe 1914: Europe Goes To War |publisher= Alfred A. Knopf|location=New York |year=2013|isbn=978-0-307-59705-2}}
*{{Cite book|last=Hastings|first=Max|title= Catastrophe 1914: Europe Goes To War |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780007974344|publisher= Alfred A. Knopf|location=New York |year=2013|isbn=978-0-307-59705-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Heathcote|first=Tony|title=The British Field Marshals 1736–1997|publisher=Pen & Sword Books Ltd|year=1999|isbn=0-85052-696-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Heathcote|first=Tony|title=The British Field Marshals 1736–1997|url=https://archive.org/details/britishfieldmars0000heat|publisher=Pen & Sword Books Ltd|year=1999|isbn=0-85052-696-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Holmes|first=Richard|title=The Little Field Marshal: A Life of Sir John French|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2004|isbn=0-297-84614-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Holmes|first=Richard|title=The Little Field Marshal: A Life of Sir John French|url=https://archive.org/details/littlefieldmarsh0000holm|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2004|isbn=0-297-84614-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Jeffery|first=Keith|author-link=Keith Jeffery|title=The Military Correspondence of Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson, 1918–1922|publisher=The Bodley Head|year=1985|isbn=978-0-37-030683-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Jeffery|first=Keith|author-link=Keith Jeffery|title=The Military Correspondence of Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson, 1918–1922|url=https://archive.org/details/militarycorrespo0001wils|publisher=The Bodley Head|year=1985|isbn=978-0-37-030683-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Jeffery|first=Keith|title=Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: A Political Soldier|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-19-820358-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Jeffery|first=Keith|title=Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson: A Political Soldier|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-19-820358-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Kitchen|first=Martin|title=The German Offensives of 1918|publisher=Tempus, Stroud|year=2001|isbn=0-7524-1799-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Kitchen|first=Martin|title=The German Offensives of 1918|publisher=Tempus, Stroud|year=2001|isbn=0-7524-1799-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Mackay|first=James A.|title=Michael Collins: A Life|publisher=Mainstream Publishing|year=1996|isbn=978-1-85158-857-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/michaelcollinsli00mack}}
* {{cite book|last=Mackay|first=James A.|title=Michael Collins: A Life|publisher=Mainstream Publishing|year=1996|isbn=978-1-85158-857-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/michaelcollinsli00mack}}
* {{cite book|last=Mead|first=Gary|title=The Good Soldier. The Biography of Douglas Haig|publisher=Atlantic Books, London|year=2008|isbn=978-1-84354-281-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Mead|first=Gary|title=The Good Soldier. The Biography of Douglas Haig|url=https://archive.org/details/goodsoldierbiogr0000mead|publisher=Atlantic Books, London|year=2008|isbn=978-1-84354-281-0}}
* {{cite journal |last=Millman |first=Brock |title=Henry Wilson's mischief: Field marshall Sir Henry Wilson's Rise to Power 1917–18 |journal=Canadian Journal of History |date= December 1995 |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=467–486 |doi=10.3138/cjh.30.3.467 |url=https://utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/cjh.30.3.467 |url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite journal |last=Millman |first=Brock |title=Henry Wilson's mischief: Field marshall Sir Henry Wilson's Rise to Power 1917–18 |journal=Canadian Journal of History |date= December 1995 |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=467–486 |doi=10.3138/cjh.30.3.467 |url=https://utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/cjh.30.3.467 |url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite book|last=Neillands|first=Robin|title=The Death of Glory: the Western Front 1915|publisher=John Murray|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7195-6245-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Neillands|first=Robin|title=The Death of Glory: the Western Front 1915|url=https://archive.org/details/deathofglorywest0000neil|publisher=John Murray|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7195-6245-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Reid|first=Walter|title=Architect of Victory: Douglas Haig|publisher=Birlinn Ltd, Edinburgh|year=2006|isbn = 1-84158-517-3}}
* {{cite book|last=Reid|first=Walter|title=Architect of Victory: Douglas Haig|url=https://archive.org/details/douglashaigarchi0000reid|publisher=Birlinn Ltd, Edinburgh|year=2006|isbn = 1-84158-517-3}}
* {{cite book|last= Robbins|first= Simon|title= British Generalship on the Western Front |publisher= Routledge|location= Abingdon|year=2005|isbn=0-415-40778-8}}
* {{cite book|last= Robbins|first= Simon|title= British Generalship on the Western Front |publisher= Routledge|location= Abingdon|year=2005|isbn=0-415-40778-8}}
* {{cite book| last1= Sheffield | first1= Gary| author-link1=Gary Sheffield (historian) | last2= Todman | first2=Dan|title= Command and Control on the Western Front |publisher= Spellmount |location = Stroud|year=2004|isbn=978-1-86227-420-4}}
* {{cite book| last1= Sheffield | first1= Gary| author-link1=Gary Sheffield (historian) | last2= Todman | first2=Dan|title= Command and Control on the Western Front |publisher= Spellmount |location = Stroud|year=2004|isbn=978-1-86227-420-4}}
* {{cite book|last=[[Gary Sheffield|Sheffield]]|first=Gary|title=The Chief|publisher=Aurum, London|year=2011|isbn = 978-1-84513-691-8}}
* {{cite book|last=[[Gary Sheffield|Sheffield]]|first=Gary|title=The Chief|url=https://archive.org/details/chiefdouglashaig0000shef|publisher=Aurum, London|year=2011|isbn = 978-1-84513-691-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Spencer|first=John|title=Wilson's War: Sir Henry Wilson's Influence on British Military Policy in the Great War and its aftermath|publisher=Helion and Company, Solihull|year=2020|isbn = 978-1-91286-627-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Spencer|first=John|title=Wilson's War: Sir Henry Wilson's Influence on British Military Policy in the Great War and its aftermath|publisher=Helion and Company, Solihull|year=2020|isbn = 978-1-91286-627-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Terraine|first=John|title=Mons, The Retreat to Victory|publisher=Wordsworth Military Library, London|year=1960|isbn=1-84022-240-9|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/1916battleofsomm0000lidd}}
* {{cite book|last=Terraine|first=John|title=Mons, The Retreat to Victory|publisher=Wordsworth Military Library, London|year=1960|isbn=1-84022-240-9|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/1916battleofsomm0000lidd}}
* [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ ''The Times (of London)''] [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/archive/ ''(Digital Archive)'']
* [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ ''The Times (of London)''] [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/archive/ ''(Digital Archive)'']
* {{cite book|last=Travers|first=Tim|title=How the War Was Won |publisher=Pen and Sword, London|year=2005|isbn = 978-1-84415-207-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Travers|first=Tim|title=How the War Was Won |url=https://archive.org/details/howwarwaswoncomm0000trav_b1s5|publisher=Pen and Sword, London|year=2005|isbn = 978-1-84415-207-0}}
*{{cite book|last=Tuchman|first=Barbara|title=August 1914|publisher=Constable & Co|year=1962|isbn=978-0-333-30516-4}}
*{{cite book|last=Tuchman|first=Barbara|title=August 1914|publisher=Constable & Co|year=1962|isbn=978-0-333-30516-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Woodward|first=David R|title=Field Marshal Sir William Robertson |publisher=Praeger, Westport Connecticut & London|year=1998|isbn = 0-275-95422-6}}
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== Pranala luar ==
== Pranala luar ==
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{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Wilson, Sir Henry, 1st Baronet}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wilson, Sir Henry, 1st Baronet}}
[[Kategori:Jenderal Britania Raya]]
[[Kategori:Jenderal Britania Raya]]
[[Kategori:Politikus Britania Raya]]
[[Kategori:Tokoh yang dibunuh]]

Revisi terkini sejak 12 Agustus 2024 06.24

Sir Henry Wilson
Jenderal Besar Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet
Nama lahirHenry Hughes Wilson
Lahir(1864-05-05)5 Mei 1864
County Longford, Irlandia
Meninggal22 Juni 1922(1922-06-22) (umur 58)
London, Inggris
PengabdianBritania Raya
Dinas/cabangAngkatan Darat Britania Raya
Lama dinas1882–1922
PangkatJenderal Besar
KomandanKepala Staf Umum Kekaisaran
Komando Timur
Korps IV
Sekolah Staf, Camberley
Batalion Sementara ke-9, Brigade Senapan
Perang/pertempuranPerang Inggris-Burma Ketiga
Perang Boer Kedua
Perang Dunia Pertama
PenghargaanKnight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Distinguished Service Order
Mentioned in Despatches
Légion d'honneur (Prancis)
Orde Leopold (Belgia)
Croix de guerre (Belgia)
Medali Jihe (Tiongkok)
Distinguished Service Medal (Amerika Serikat)
Bintang Gajah Putih (Siam)
Orde Matahari Terbit (Jepang)
Orde Juru Selamat (Yunani)
Pekerjaan lainAnggota Parlemen untuk North Down (1922)

Jenderal Besar Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, GCB, DSO (5 Mei 1864 – 22 Juni 1922) adalah seorang perwira staf senior di Angkatan Darat Britania Raya dalam Perang Dunia Pertama dan sempat juga menjadi politikus propersatuan Irlandia.

Wilson pernah menjabat sebagai Komandan Sekolah Staf, Camberley, dan kemudian sebagai Direktur Operasi Militer di Kantor Perang, ia memainkan peran penting dalam menyusun rencana untuk mengerahkan Pasukan Ekspedisi ke Prancis jika terjadi perang. Selama tahun-tahun tersebut Wilson memperoleh reputasi sebagai perancang pengenalan wajib militer dan agitator insiden Curragh tahun 1914, saat itu ia menyerukan agar perwira-perwira senior untuk mengundurkan diri ketimbang mesti bergerak melawan Relawan Ulster (UVF).

Sebagai Wakil Kepala Staf Pasukan Ekspedisi Britania (BEF), Wilson adalah penasihat terpenting Sir John French selama tahun 1914, tetapi hubungannya yang buruk dengan Haig dan Robertson membuatnya dikesampingkan sebagai pengambil keputusan utama pada tahun-tahun pertengahan perang. Ia memainkan peran penting dalam hubungan militer Inggris-Prancis pada tahun 1915. Setelah ditugaskan sebagai komandan Korps pada tahun 1916,[1] ia menjadi sekutu dari Jenderal Prancis Robert Nivelle yang dikenal kontroversial pada awal 1917. Kemudian pada tahun 1917, ia adalah penasihat militer informal bagi Perdana Menteri Britania David Lloyd George, dan kemudian menjadi Perwakilan Militer Tetap Britania di Dewan Perang Tertinggi di Versailles.

Pada tahun 1918, Wilson menjabat sebagai Kepala Staf Umum Kekaisaran (kepala Angkatan Darat Britania Raya). Ia terus memegang jabatan ini setelah perang, saat itu Angkatan Darat sedang mengurangi jumlah personelnya sambil mencoba untuk menahan kerusuhan industri di Britania Raya dan kerusuhan nasionalis di Mesopotamia, Irak dan Mesir. Ia juga memainkan peran penting dalam Perang Kemerdekaan Irlandia.

Setelah pensiun dari ketentaraan, Wilson menjabat sebentar sebagai Anggota Parlemen, dan juga sebagai penasihat keamanan untuk pemerintah Irlandia Utara. Ia dibunuh di depan pintu rumahnya sendiri oleh dua pria bersenjata dari IRA pada tahun 1922, ketika kembali ke rumah dari acara peresmian tugu peringatan perang di stasiun Liverpool Street.

Referensi

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  1. ^ Heathcote, hlm. 306.

Daftar pustaka

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Pranala luar

[sunting | sunting sumber]
Jabatan militer
Didahului oleh:
Henry Rawlinson
Komandan Sekolah Staf, Camberley
1907–1910
Diteruskan oleh:
William Robertson
Didahului oleh:
Spencer Ewart
Direktur Operasi Militer
Agustus 1910 – Agustus 1914
Diteruskan oleh:
Charles Callwell
Didahului oleh:
Sir James Wolfe Murray
Komandan Komando Timur
1917–1918
Diteruskan oleh:
Sir William Robertson
Didahului oleh:
Sir William Robertson
Kepala Staf Umum Kekaisaran
1918–1922
Diteruskan oleh:
The Earl of Cavan
Parlemen Britania Raya
Didahului oleh:
Thomas Watters Brown
Anggota Parlemen untuk North Down
1922–1922
Diteruskan oleh:
John Simms
Gelar kebangsawanan
Ciptaan baru Baronet
(Currygrane)
1919–1922
Punah