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{{terjemah|Inggris}}
{{Infobox U.S. state
{{Infobox U.S. state
| Name = Florida
|Name = Florida
| Fullname = Negara Bagian Florida
|Fullname = Negara Bagian Florida
| Flag = Flag of Florida.svg
|image_flag = Flag of Florida.svg
| Seal =Seal of Florida.svg
|image_seal =Seal of Florida.svg
| Map = Map of USA FL.svg
|image_map = Map of USA FL.svg
| Nickname = The Sunshine State
|Nickname = The Sunshine State
| Demonym = Floridian
|Demonym = Floridian
| Motto = [[In God We Trust]]
|Motto = [[In God We Trust]]
| Former = Florida Territory
|Former = Florida Territory
| State Song = [[Old Folks At Home]]
|State Song = [[Old Folks At Home]]
| Capital = [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahassee]]
|Capital = [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahassee]]
| Senators = [[Bill Nelson]] (D)<br />[[Marco Rubio]] (R)
|Senators = [[Marco Rubio]] (R)<br />[[Rick Scott]] (R)
|Representative=15 Republikan, 10 Demokrat
|Representative=15 Republikan, 10 Demokrat
| LargestCity = [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]]
|LargestCity = [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]]
| LargestMetro= [[Miami, Florida|Miami]]
|LargestMetro= [[Miami, Florida|Miami]]
| UnincorporatedPlace = [[Brandon, Florida|Brandon]]
|UnincorporatedPlace = [[Brandon, Florida|Brandon]]
| Governor = [[Rick Scott]] (R)
|Governor = [[Ron DeSantis]] (R)
| Lieutenant Governor = [[Jeff Kottkamp]] (R)
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Jeanette Núñez]] (R)
| PostalAbbreviation = FL
|PostalAbbreviation = FL
| TradAbbreviation = Fla.
|TradAbbreviation = Fla.
| BorderingStates = [[Alabama]], [[Georgia, AS|Georgia]]
|BorderingStates = [[Alabama]], [[Georgia, AS|Georgia]]
| OfficialLang = Inggris <ref>{{Cite book
|OfficialLang = Inggris <ref>{{Cite book
| url=http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?mode=constitution&submenu=3&tab=statutes#A02S09
|url=http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?mode=constitution&submenu=3&tab=statutes#A02S09
| title= Article 2, Section 9, Constitution of the State of Florida
|title=Article 2, Section 9, Constitution of the State of Florida
| publisher=State of Florida
|publisher=State of Florida
| accessdate=2008-12-08}}.</ref>
|accessdate=2008-12-08
|archive-date=2007-07-16
⚫
| AreaRank = 22
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716225554/http://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?Mode=Constitution#A02S09
⚫
| TotalArea = 170.304<ref name=census>{{cite web |title=2000 Census |url=ftp://ftp.census.gov/census_2000/datasets/Summary_File_4/Florida/flgeo_uf4.zip |publisher=US Census Bureau |accessdate=2007-07-18 |format=ZIP}}</ref>
|dead-url=no
⚫
| TotalAreaUS=65.795<ref name=census/>
}}.</ref>
⚫
| LandArea = 139.670<ref name=census/>
⚫
|AreaRank = 22
⚫
| LandAreaUS = 53.927<ref name=census/>
⚫
|TotalArea = 170.304<ref name=census>{{cite web|title=2000 Census|url=ftp://ftp.census.gov/census_2000/datasets/Summary_File_4/Florida/flgeo_uf4.zip|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=2007-07-18|format=ZIP}}</ref>
⚫
| WaterArea = 30.634<ref name=census/>
| WaterAreaUS = 11.828<ref name=census/>
|TotalAreaUS=65.795<ref name=census/>
⚫
|LandArea = 139.670<ref name=census/>
⚫
| PCWater = 17,9
⚫
|LandAreaUS = 53.927<ref name=census/>
| PopRank = 4
⚫
|WaterArea = 30.634<ref name=census/>
⚫
| 2000Pop = 18.328.340 (perk. 2008)<ref name=2008est>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html|title=Annual Population Estimates 2000 to 2008|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-12-25}}</ref><br />
⚫
|WaterAreaUS = 11.828<ref name=census/>
⚫
15.982.378 (2000) |
⚫
|PCWater = 17,9
| DensityRank = 8
| 2000DensityUS = 338,4
|PopRank = 4
⚫
|2000Pop = 18.328.340 (perk. 2008)<ref name=2008est>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html|title=Annual Population Estimates 2000 to 2008|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-12-25|archive-date=2009-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091201153535/http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><br />
⚫
| 2000Density = 130,67
⚫
15.982.378 (2000)|
⚫
| MedianHouseholdIncome = $41,171
| IncomeRank = 36
|DensityRank = 8
|2000DensityUS = 338,4
⚫
| AdmittanceOrder = 27
⚫
|2000Density = 130,67
⚫
| AdmittanceDate = 3 Maret 1845
⚫
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $41,171
⚫
| TimeZone = [[Waktu Timur]]: [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]-5/[[Waktu musim panas|DST]]-4
|IncomeRank = 36
⚫
| TZ1Where = Peninsula dan "Big Bend" region
⚫
|AdmittanceOrder = 27
⚫
| TimeZone2 = [[Waktu Standar Tengah]]: UTC-6/DST-5
⚫
|AdmittanceDate = 3 Maret 1845
⚫
| TZ2Where = [[Florida Panhandle|Panhandle]]
⚫
|TimeZone = [[Waktu Timur]]: [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]-5/[[Waktu musim panas|DST]]-4
⚫
| Latitude = 24°27′ N to 31° N
⚫
|TZ1Where = Peninsula dan "Big Bend" region
⚫
| Longitude = 80°02′ W to 87°38′ W
⚫
|TimeZone2 = [[Waktu Standar Tengah]]: UTC-6/DST-5
⚫
| Width = 582
⚫
|TZ2Where = [[Florida Panhandle|Panhandle]]
⚫
| WidthUS= 361
⚫
|Latitude = 24°27′ N to 31° N
⚫
| Length = 721
⚫
|Longitude = 80°02′ W to 87°38′ W
⚫
| LengthUS= 447
⚫
|Width = 582
⚫
| HighestPoint = [[Britton Hill]]<ref name=usgs>{{cite web|date=April 29, 2005 |url=http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest|title=Elevations and Distances in the United States|publisher=U.S Geological Survey| dateformat = mdy |accessdate=November 3 2006}}</ref>
⚫
|WidthUS= 361
⚫
| HighestElev = 105
⚫
|Length = 721
⚫
| HighestElevUS = 345
⚫
|LengthUS= 447
| MeanElev = 30
⚫
|HighestPoint = [[Britton Hill]]<ref name=usgs>{{cite web|date=April 29, 2005|url=http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest|title=Elevations and Distances in the United States|publisher=U.S Geological Survey|dateformat=mdy|accessdate=November 3 2006|archive-date=2008-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006105354/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| MeanElevUS = 98
⚫
|HighestElev = 105
⚫
| LowestPoint = Samudra Atlantik<ref name=usgs/>
⚫
|HighestElevUS = 345
⚫
| LowestElev = 0
| LowestElevUS = 0
|MeanElev = 30
| ISOCode = US-FL
|MeanElevUS = 98
⚫
|LowestPoint = Samudra Atlantik<ref name=usgs/>
⚫
| Zipcodes = 32003-34997
⚫
|LowestElev = 0
⚫
| Areacodes = 239,305,321,352,386,407,561,689,727,754,772,786,813,850,863,904,941,954
|LowestElevUS = 0
⚫
| Website = www.myflorida.com
|ISOCode = US-FL
⚫
|Zipcodes = 32003-34997
⚫
|Areacodes = 239,305,321,352,386,407,561,689,727,754,772,786,813,850,863,904,941,954
⚫
|Website = www.myflorida.com
}}<!--
}}<!--
{{Infobox U.S. state symbols
{{Infobox U.S. state symbols
Baris 93: Baris 96:
}} -->
}} -->


'''Florida''' ({{Audio-IPA|en-us-Florida.ogg|/ˈflɒrɪdə/}}) adalah sebuah [[negara bagian Amerika Serikat]] yang terletak di Amerika Serikat tenggara, berbatasan dengan [[Alabama]] dan [[Georgia, AS|Georgia]]. Ibukotanya adalah [[Tallahassee]], dengan kota terbesar [[Jacksonville]]. Negara bagian ini memiliki populasi sebesar 15.982.378 jiwa. Florida adalah negara bagian ke-27 yang bergabung dengan AS. Sebagian besar wilayah Florida berupa semenanjung yang dibatasi oleh [[Teluk Meksiko]] dan [[Samudra Atlantik]].<!--
'''Florida''' ({{Audio-IPA|en-us-Florida.ogg|/ˈflɒrɪdə/}}) adalah sebuah [[negara bagian Amerika Serikat]] yang terletak di Amerika Serikat tenggara, berbatasan dengan [[Alabama]] dan [[Georgia, AS|Georgia]]. Ibu kotanya adalah [[Tallahassee]], dengan kota terbesar [[Jacksonville]]. Negara bagian ini memiliki populasi sebesar 15.982.378 jiwa. Florida adalah negara bagian ke-27 yang bergabung dengan AS. Sebagian besar wilayah Florida berupa semenanjung yang dibatasi oleh [[Teluk Meksiko]] dan [[Samudra Atlantik]].<!--


It is nicknamed the "Sunshine State" because of its generally warm [[climate]]—[[subtropical climate|subtropical]] in the northern and central regions of the state, with a true [[tropical climate]] in the southern portion.<ref name=abbott>{{cite web|url=http://www2.johnabbott.qc.ca/webpages/departments/geoscience/intro/Koppen/KoppenMap.htm |title=Köppen Climate Classification Map |publisher=John Abbott College, Geosciences Department |accessdate=2007-07-18}}</ref> The state has four large urban areas, a number of smaller industrial cities, and many small towns. The [[United States Census Bureau]] estimates that the state population was 18,328,340 in 2008, ranking Florida as the fourth most populous state in the U.S.<ref> behind [[California]], [[Texas]], and [[New York]]</ref><ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=n&_lang=en&mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US9S&format=US-9S&_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1-R&ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&geo_id=01000US United States population by states], United States Census Bureau.</ref> [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahassee]] is the state capital, [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]] is the largest city, and the [[South Florida metropolitan area|Miami metropolitan area]] is the largest metro area.
It is nicknamed the "Sunshine State" because of its generally warm [[climate]]—[[subtropical climate|subtropical]] in the northern and central regions of the state, with a true [[tropical climate]] in the southern portion.<ref name=abbott>{{cite web|url=http://www2.johnabbott.qc.ca/webpages/departments/geoscience/intro/Koppen/KoppenMap.htm |title=Köppen Climate Classification Map |publisher=John Abbott College, Geosciences Department |accessdate=2007-07-18}}</ref> The state has four large urban areas, a number of smaller industrial cities, and many small towns. The [[United States Census Bureau]] estimates that the state population was 18,328,340 in 2008, ranking Florida as the fourth most populous state in the U.S.<ref> behind [[California]], [[Texas]], and [[New York]]</ref><ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=n&_lang=en&mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US9S&format=US-9S&_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1-R&ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&geo_id=01000US United States population by states], United States Census Bureau.</ref> [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahassee]] is the state capital, [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]] is the largest city, and the [[South Florida metropolitan area|Miami metropolitan area]] is the largest metro area.
Baris 99: Baris 102:
== Sejarah ==
== Sejarah ==
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[[Berkas:Flindians1723.JPG|thumb|left|200px|[[Bernard Picart]] copper plate engraving of Florida Indians, Circa 1721 "Cérémonies et Coutumes Religieuses de tous les Peuples du Monde"]]
[[Berkas:Flindians1723.JPG|jmpl|kiri|200px|[[Bernard Picart]] ukiran pelat tembaga orang Indian Florida, sekitar tahun 1721 ]]
[[Berkas:East and West Florida 1810.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Florida terpecah menjadi Barat dan Timur tahun 1810]]
[[Berkas:East and West Florida 1810.jpg|jmpl|200px|kiri|Florida terpecah menjadi Barat dan Timur tahun 1810]]
[[Berkas:Battle of Olustee.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Battle of Olustee]] selama terjadi [[Perang Saudara Amerika]] tahun 1864]]
[[Berkas:Battle of Olustee.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[Battle of Olustee]] selama terjadi [[Perang Saudara Amerika]] tahun 1864]]
[[Berkas:Five flags of Florida.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The five flags of Florida from the right, [[Cross of Burgundy flag|Spain]] (1565–1763), the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]], Spain (1784–1821), the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]], and the United States. [[France]] (not featured) also controlled part of Florida.]]
[[Berkas:Five flags of Florida.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|Lima bendera Florida dari kanan, Spanyol (1565–1763), [[Kerajaan Inggris Raya]], [[Spanyol]] (1784–1821), [[Konfederasi]], dan [[Amerika Serikat]]. [[Prancis]] (tidak ditampilkan) juga menguasai bagian Florida.]]
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== Geografi ==
== Geografi ==
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{{sect-stub}}
[[Berkas:Florida topographic map-en.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Map Topografi dari Florida]]
[[Berkas:Florida topographic map-en.jpg|jmpl|ka|200px|Map Topografi dari Florida]]
[[Berkas:Everglades National Park cypress.jpg|200px|thumb|left|[[Everglades National Park]] di [[Florida Selatan]]]]
[[Berkas:Everglades National Park cypress.jpg|200px|jmpl|kiri|[[Everglades National Park]] di [[Florida Selatan]]]]
[[Berkas:Florida counties map.png|200px|thumb|right|Map dari Florida menunjukkan kabupaten di Florida]]
[[Berkas:Florida counties map.png|200px|jmpl|ka|Map dari Florida menunjukkan kabupaten di Florida]]
[[Berkas:BahiaHonda.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Pantai di [[Bahia Honda Key|Bahia Honda]] di [[Florida Keys]]]]
[[Berkas:BahiaHonda.jpg|jmpl|ka|200px|Pantai di [[Bahia Honda Key|Bahia Honda]] di [[Florida Keys]]]]
[[Berkas:Royal Poinciana.jpg|thumb|right|215px|Pohon [[Royal Poinciana]] sedang mekar di [[Florida Keys]], indikasi bahwa [[Florida Selatan]] beriklim [[tropis]].]]
[[Berkas:Royal Poinciana.jpg|jmpl|ka|215px|Pohon [[Royal Poinciana]] sedang mekar di [[Florida Keys]], indikasi bahwa [[Florida Selatan]] beriklim [[tropis]].]]
[[Berkas:Lake Alice Winter.jpg|thumb|left|240px|[[Fall foliage]] adalah seseatu yang sering dilihat di daerah Florida Tengah dan Utara, biasanya mulai akhir bulan [[November]], sampai musim dingin.]]
[[Berkas:Lake Alice Winter.jpg|jmpl|kiri|240px|[[Fall foliage]] adalah sesuatu yang sering dilihat di daerah Florida Tengah dan Utara, biasanya mulai akhir bulan [[November]], sampai musim dingin.]]
[[Berkas:Jacksonville Snow 2.jpg|thumb|left|240px|[[Salju]] adalah seseatu yang tidak lazim di Florida, tapi telah muncul di setiap kota besar di Florida minimal sekali.]]
[[Berkas:Jacksonville Snow 2.jpg|jmpl|kiri|240px|[[Salju]] adalah sesuatu yang tidak lazim di Florida, tetapi telah muncul di setiap kota besar di Florida minimal sekali.]]
[[Berkas:Andrew 23 aug 1992 1231Z.jpg|200px|right|thumb|[[Badai Andrew]] menghantam Florida tanggal 23 Agustus 1992.]]
[[Berkas:Andrew 23 aug 1992 1231Z.jpg|200px|ka|jmpl|[[Badai Andrew]] menghantam Florida tanggal 23 Agustus 1992.]]
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=== Fauna ===
=== Fauna ===
[[Berkas:Anhingatrailalligator.png|thumb|right|[[Alligator]] di [[Florida Everglades]]]]
[[Berkas:Anhingatrailalligator.png|jmpl|ka|[[Alligator]] di [[Florida Everglades]]]]
[[Berkas:Key deer male.jpg|thumb|left|[[Key Deer]] di [[Florida Keys]]]]
[[Berkas:Key deer male.jpg|jmpl|kiri|[[Key Deer]] di [[Florida Keys]]]]
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Baris 144: Baris 147:
|estyear = 2008
|estyear = 2008
|estimate = 18328340
|estimate = 18328340
}}
}}
Florida adalah negara bagian dengan populasi terpadat keempat di Amerika Serikat. Pusat populasi itu terletak di [[Kabupaten Polk, Florida|Polk County]], di kota [[Lake Wales, Florida|Lake Wales]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |title=Population and Population Centers by State: 2000 |publisher=US Census Bureau |accessdate=2007-11-17}}</ref> Tahun 2008, populasi Florida diperkirakan sekitar 18,328,340 jiwa. Dengan menggunakan estimasi terbaru, negara bagian ini berada di urutan ke-30 dalam jumlah pertambahan penduduk. Tahun 2005, negara bagian ini pernah menduduki posisi ke 5 dalam jumlah pertambahan penduduk, dengan penambahan mencapai 2,2%.
Florida adalah negara bagian dengan populasi terpadat keempat di Amerika Serikat. Pusat populasi itu terletak di [[Kabupaten Polk, Florida|Polk County]], di kota [[Lake Wales, Florida|Lake Wales]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |title=Population and Population Centers by State: 2000 |publisher=US Census Bureau |accessdate=2007-11-17 |archive-date=2007-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616122108/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |dead-url=no }}</ref> Tahun 2008, populasi Florida diperkirakan sekitar 18,328,340 jiwa. Dengan menggunakan estimasi terbaru, negara bagian ini berada di urutan ke-30 dalam jumlah pertambahan penduduk. Tahun 2005, negara bagian ini pernah menduduki posisi ke 5 dalam jumlah pertambahan penduduk, dengan penambahan mencapai 2,2%.


Ada 186,102 pensiunan tentara tinggal di Florida tahun 2008.<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | title=Retired Military Personnel | url=| work= | publisher=The Intercom (publication of the Military Officers Association of Cape Canaveral) | location=Patrick Air Force Base, Florida | pages= 4 | date=June 2009 | id= | accessdate=}}</ref>
Ada 186,102 pensiunan tentara tinggal di Florida tahun 2008.<ref>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Retired Military Personnel|url=|work=|publisher=The Intercom (publication of the Military Officers Association of Cape Canaveral)|location=Patrick Air Force Base, Florida|pages= 4|date=June 2009|id=|accessdate=}}</ref>
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===Ancestry groups===
===Ancestry groups===
Baris 153: Baris 156:
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=== Penduduk Florida (Ras, Keturunan, Nenek Moyang) ===
=== Penduduk Florida (Ras, Keturunan, Nenek Moyang) ===
Menurut sensus tahun 2000, penduduk paling besar adalah [[Orang Jerman|German]] (11.8%), [[Orang Irlandia|Irlandia]] (10.3%), [[Orang Inggris|Inggris]] (9.2%), [[Orang Amerika|Amerika]] (8%), [[Orang Italia|Italia]] (6.3%), [[Orang Perancis|Perancis]] (2.8%), [[Orang Polandia|Polandia]] (2.7%) dan [[Orang Skotlandia|Skotlandia]] (1.8%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=&_cityTown=&_state=04000US12&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010 |title=Florida Factstreet |publisher=US Census Bureau |accessdate=2007-12-03}}</ref>
Menurut sensus tahun 2000, penduduk paling besar adalah [[Orang Jerman|Jerman]] (11.8%), [[Orang Irlandia|Irlandia]] (10.3%), [[Inggris]] (9.2%), [[Amerika]] (8%), [[Orang Italia|Italia]] (6.3%), [[Prancis]] (2.8%), [[Orang Polandia|Polandia]] (2.7%) dan [[Orang Skotlandia|Skotlandia]] (1.8%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=&_cityTown=&_state=04000US12&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010 |title=Florida Factstreet |publisher=US Census Bureau |accessdate=2007-12-03 |archive-date=2020-02-12 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212052421/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=&_cityTown=&_state=04000US12&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>


[[Berkas:Florida population map.png|thumb|right|200px|Map kepadatan penduduk Florida]]
[[Berkas:Florida population map.png|jmpl|ka|200px|Map kepadatan penduduk Florida]]
Sebelum [[Perang Saudara Amerika]], ketika [[Sejarah perbudakan di Amerika Serikat|perbudakan]] dilegalkan menurut hukum dan juga selama masa [[Era Rekonstruksi (Amerika Serikat)|rekonstruksi]], populasi para [[Afrika-Amerika]] mencapai separuh dari total populasi negara bagian ini.<ref name=1870census>{{cite web |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870e-02.pdf |title=Compendium of the Ninth Census:Population, with race. |publisher=US Census Bureau |page=14 |accessdate=2007-12-03 |format=.PDF}}</ref> Setelah itu, jumlah populasi mereka terus berkurang sampai abad berikutnya diakibatkan banyak dari mereka yang berpindah ke daerah utara selama [[Migrasi Besar (Afrika Amerika)|Migrasi Besar]], dan juga banyak dari orang [[Eropa Amerika|kulit putih]] yang pindah ke sini. Belakangan ini, populasi orang hitam kembali meningkat. Kebanyakan dari orang hitam ini tinggal di daerah utara Florida (seperti [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]], [[Gainesville, Florida|Gainesville]], [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahasssee]], dan Pensacola), daerah [[Tampa Bay]], daerah [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], dan [[Sanford, Florida|Sanford]]. Juga, ada penambahan jumlah orang kulit hitam di daerah selatan Florida, dimana mereka adalah para imigran dari [[Kuba]], [[Haiti]], dan [[Jamaika Amerika|Jamaika]].
Sebelum [[Perang Saudara Amerika]], ketika [[Sejarah perbudakan di Amerika Serikat|perbudakan]] dilegalkan menurut hukum dan juga selama masa [[Era Rekonstruksi (Amerika Serikat)|rekonstruksi]], populasi para [[Afrika-Amerika]] mencapai separuh dari total populasi negara bagian ini.<ref name=1870census>{{cite web |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870e-02.pdf |title=Compendium of the Ninth Census:Population, with race. |publisher=US Census Bureau |page=14 |accessdate=2007-12-03 |format=.PDF |archive-date=2010-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100808224024/http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870e-02.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref> Setelah itu, jumlah populasi mereka terus berkurang sampai abad berikutnya diakibatkan banyak dari mereka yang berpindah ke daerah utara selama [[Migrasi Besar (Afrika Amerika)|Migrasi Besar]], dan juga banyak dari orang [[Eropa Amerika|kulit putih]] yang pindah ke sini. Belakangan ini, populasi orang hitam kembali meningkat. Kebanyakan dari orang hitam ini tinggal di daerah utara Florida (seperti [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]], [[Gainesville, Florida|Gainesville]], [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahasssee]], dan Pensacola), daerah [[Tampa Bay]], daerah [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], dan [[Sanford, Florida|Sanford]]. Juga, ada penambahan jumlah orang kulit hitam di daerah selatan Florida, di mana mereka adalah para imigran dari [[Kuba]], [[Haiti]], dan [[Jamaika Amerika|Jamaika]].


Populasi orang Hispanik di Amerika termasuk komunitas-komunitas [[Kuba Amerika]] di daerah Miami dan Tampa, orang-orang [[Orang Puerto Riko|Puerto Riko]] di daerah Tampa dan Orlando, serta pekerja imigran dari Amerika Tengah di daerah Barat-Tengah dan Selatan Florida. Populasi orang Hispanik meningkat pesat di antara tahun 2000 dan 2004, terutama di daerah [[Lee County, Florida|Lee County]] di [[Florida Barat Daya]].
Populasi orang Hispanik di Amerika termasuk komunitas-komunitas [[Kuba Amerika]] di daerah Miami dan Tampa, orang-orang [[Orang Puerto Riko|Puerto Riko]] di daerah Tampa dan Orlando, serta pekerja imigran dari Amerika Tengah di daerah Barat-Tengah dan Selatan Florida. Populasi orang Hispanik meningkat pesat di antara tahun 2000 dan 2004, terutama di daerah [[Lee County, Florida|Lee County]] di [[Florida Barat Daya]].
Baris 165: Baris 168:


===Metropolitan areas=== -->
===Metropolitan areas=== -->
[[Berkas:FLMap-MSA.PNG|right|thumb|150px|Distribution of Metropolitan Statistical Areas in Florida]]<!--
[[Berkas:FLMap-MSA.PNG|ka|jmpl|150px|Distribusi Wilayah Statistik Metropolitan di Florida]]<!--
{{seealso|List of urbanized areas in Florida (by population)|Florida census statistical areas}}
{{seealso|List of urbanized areas in Florida (by population)|Florida census statistical areas}}


Baris 202: Baris 205:
<td style = "vertical-align:top;width:200px">
<td style = "vertical-align:top;width:200px">
</td></tr></table>
</td></tr></table>
[[Berkas:Miamiskyline20080113.png|thumb|center|600px|[[Downtown Miami]], Distrik Sentral bisnis Florida yang terbesar.]]<ref>[http://homepages.ipact.nl/%7Eegram/skylines.html World skyline rankings]</ref>]]
[[Berkas:Miamiskyline20080113.png|jmpl|pus|600px|[[Downtown Miami]], Distrik Sentral bisnis Florida yang terbesar.]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://homepages.ipact.nl/%7Eegram/skylines.html |title=World skyline rankings |access-date=2009-11-17 |archive-date=2012-02-09 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/65K1IYGc2?url=http://www.emporis.com/city/miami-fl-usa/all-buildings/highrise |dead-url=yes }}</ref>


<center><gallery>
<center><gallery>
Baris 213: Baris 216:


=== Agama ===
=== Agama ===
Florida didominasi kaum [[Protestan]] dan juga [[Katolik Roma]]. Selain itu ada juga komunitas [[Yahudi]] yang terbesar di selatan AS. Tabel:<ref>[http://pewforum.org/religion08/state.php?StateID=2 Religion and Politics 2008:Florida - Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life]</ref>
Florida didominasi kaum [[Protestan]] dan juga [[Katolik Roma]]. Selain itu ada juga komunitas [[Yahudi]] yang terbesar di selatan AS. Tabel:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pewforum.org/religion08/state.php?StateID=2 |title=Religion and Politics 2008:Florida - Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life |access-date=2009-11-17 |archive-date=2010-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131081723/http://pewforum.org/religion08/state.php?StateID=2 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* [[Katolik Roma]], 26%
* [[Katolik Roma]], 26%
* [[Protestan]], 48%
* [[Protestan]], 48%
Baris 228: Baris 231:


== Pemerintahan ==
== Pemerintahan ==
[[Berkas:Old Florida Capitol.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Florida State Capitol|Florida Capitol]] buildings]]
[[Berkas:Old Florida Capitol.jpg|jmpl|kiri|200px|bangunan [[Florida Capitol]]]]


{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;"
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|align="center" bgcolor="#fff3f3"|'''51.51%''' ''795,476
|align="center" bgcolor="#fff3f3"|'''51.51%''' ''795,476
|align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0ff"|48.49% ''748,700
|align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0ff"|48.49% ''748,700
|}</center><!--
|}<!--


The basic structure, duties, function, and operations of the government of the State of Florida are defined and established by the [[Florida Constitution]], which establishes the basic law of the state and guarantees various rights and freedoms of the people. The state government consists of three separate branches: judicial, executive, and legislative. The legislature enacts bills, which, if signed by the [[Governor of Florida|governor]], become [[Florida Statutes]].
The basic structure, duties, function, and operations of the government of the State of Florida are defined and established by the [[Florida Constitution]], which establishes the basic law of the state and guarantees various rights and freedoms of the people. The state government consists of three separate branches: judicial, executive, and legislative. The legislature enacts bills, which, if signed by the [[Governor of Florida|governor]], become [[Florida Statutes]].
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== Olahraga ==
== Olahraga ==
[[Berkas:AAArena Night.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[American Airlines Arena]] in [[Miami]], homecourt of the [[Miami Heat]].]]
[[Berkas:AAArena Night.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[American Airlines Arena]] di [[Miami]], markas dari klub [[Miami Heat]].]]
[[Berkas:TDWaterhouseCentre.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[Amway Arena]] in [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], homecourt of the [[Orlando Magic]].]]
[[Berkas:TDWaterhouseCentre.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[Amway Arena]] di [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], markas dari klub [[Orlando Magic]].]]
[[Berkas:BankAtlanticCenterCrop.JPG|right|thumb|200px|The [[BankAtlantic Center]] in [[Sunrise]], home of the [[Florida Panthers]].]]
[[Berkas:BankAtlanticCenterCrop.JPG|ka|jmpl|200px|The [[BankAtlantic Center]] in [[Sunrise]], home of the [[Florida Panthers]].]]
[[Berkas:Dolphinstadiumvikes.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[LandShark Stadium]] in [[Miami Gardens]], home of the [[Florida Marlins]], the [[Miami Dolphins]], and the [[Miami Hurricanes]].]]
[[Berkas:Dolphinstadiumvikes.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[LandShark Stadium]], markas besar bagi beberapa klub yaitu: [[Florida Marlins]], [[Miami Dolphins]], dan Miami Hurricanes.]]
[[Berkas:St Pete Times Forum At Sunset.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[St. Pete Times Forum]] in [[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]], home of the [[Tampa Bay Lightning]] and the [[Tampa Bay Storm]].]]
[[Berkas:St Pete Times Forum At Sunset.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[St. Pete Times Forum]] di [[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]], markas besar dari [[Tampa Bay Lightning]] dan juga [[Tampa Bay Storm]].]]
[[Berkas:TropGround.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Tropicana Field]] in [[St. Petersburg, Florida|St. Petersburg]], home of the [[Tampa Bay Rays]].]]
[[Berkas:TropGround.jpg|jmpl|200px|ka|[[Tropicana Field]] di [[St. Petersburg, Florida|St. Petersburg]], markas besar dari [[Tampa Bay Rays]].]]
[[Berkas:Daytona-International-Speedway-July-1-2005.jpg|right|200px|thumb|[[Daytona International Speedway]] in [[Daytona Beach, Florida|Daytona Beach]].]]<!--
[[Berkas:Daytona-International-Speedway-July-1-2005.jpg|ka|200px|jmpl|[[Daytona International Speedway]] di [[Daytona Beach, Florida|Daytona Beach]].]]<!--
{{seealso|List of sports teams in Florida}}
{{seealso|List of sports teams in Florida}}


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|[[National Football League]]
|[[National Football League]]
|[[LandShark Stadium]] (Miami)
|[[LandShark Stadium]] (Miami)
|2 ([[Super Bowl VII|1972]], [[Super Bowl VIII|1973]])
|2 (1972, 1973)
|-
|-
|[[Miami Heat]]
|[[Miami Heat]]
|National Basketball Association
|National Basketball Association
|[[American Airlines Arena]] (Miami)
|[[American Airlines Arena]] (Miami)
|1 ([[NBA Finals 2006|2006]])
|1 (2006)
|-
|-
|[[Florida Marlins]]
|[[Florida Marlins]]
|Major League Baseball
|Major League Baseball
|LandShark Stadium (Miami)
|LandShark Stadium (Miami)
|2 ([[1997 World Series|1997]], [[2003 World Series|2003]])
|2 (1997, 2003)
|-
|-
|[[Florida Panthers]]
|[[Florida Panthers]]
Baris 349: Baris 352:
|National Football League
|National Football League
|[[Raymond James Stadium]] (Tampa)
|[[Raymond James Stadium]] (Tampa)
|1 ([[Super Bowl XXXVII|2003]])
|1 (2003)
|-
|-
|[[Tampa Bay Rays]]
|[[Tampa Bay Rays]]
Baris 359: Baris 362:
|National Hockey League
|National Hockey League
|[[St. Pete Times Forum]] (Tampa)
|[[St. Pete Times Forum]] (Tampa)
|1 ([[2004 Stanley Cup Finals|2004]])
|1 (2004)
|-
|-
|[[Tampa Bay Storm]]
|[[Tampa Bay Storm]]
|[[Arena Football League]]
|[[Arena Football League]]
|St. Pete Times Forum (Tampa)
|St. Pete Times Forum (Tampa)
|5 ([[ArenaBowl V|1991]], [[ArenaBowl VII|1993]], [[ArenaBowl IX|1995]], [[ArenaBowl X|1996]], [[ArenaBowl XVII|2003]])
|5 (1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2003)
|-
|-
|[[Orlando Magic]]
|[[Orlando Magic]]
Baris 374: Baris 377:
|[[Arena Football League]]
|[[Arena Football League]]
|Amway Arena (Orlando)
|Amway Arena (Orlando)
|2 ([[ArenaBowl XII|1998]], [[ArenaBowl XIV|2000]])
|2 (1998, 2000)
|-
|-
|[[Jacksonville Jaguars]]
|[[Jacksonville Jaguars]]
Baris 388: Baris 391:
!style=background:navajowhite|Provinsi
!style=background:navajowhite|Provinsi
!style=background:navajowhite|Negara
!style=background:navajowhite|Negara
!style=background:navajowhite|Tahun<ref name=2001PDF>{{cite web|publisher=State of Florida|url=http://internationalaffairs.flgov.com/pdf/sister.pdf|format=PDF|title=Florida Sister City/Sister State Directory 2001|year=2001 |accessdate=2009-02-12}}</ref>
!style=background:navajowhite|Tahun<ref name=2001PDF>{{cite web|publisher=State of Florida|url=http://internationalaffairs.flgov.com/pdf/sister.pdf|format=PDF|title=Florida Sister City/Sister State Directory 2001|year=2001|accessdate=2009-02-12|archive-date=2008-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029102559/http://internationalaffairs.flgov.com/pdf/sister.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|-
|-
||[[Gyeonggi-do|Kyonggi]]||{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Korea Selatan]]||2000
||[[Gyeonggi-do|Kyonggi]]||{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Korea Selatan]]||2000
|-
|-
||[[Languedoc-Roussillon]]||{{flagicon|France}} [[Perancis]]||1989
||[[Languedoc-Roussillon]]||{{flagicon|France}} [[Prancis]]||1989
|-
|-
||[[Nueva Esparta]]||{{flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Venezuela]]||1999
||[[Nueva Esparta]]||{{flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Venezuela]]||1999
|-
|-
||[[Propinsi Taiwan]]||{{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taiwan|Taiwan, Republik Cina]]||1992
||[[Provinsi Taiwan]]||{{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taiwan|Taiwan, Republik Tiongkok]]||1992
|-
|-
||[[Prefektur Wakayama]]||{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Jepang]]||1995
||[[Prefektur Wakayama]]||{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Jepang]]||1995
Baris 408: Baris 411:
== Pranala luar ==
== Pranala luar ==
{{sisterlinks|Florida}}
{{sisterlinks|Florida}}
* [http://www.myflorida.com/ Situs negara bagian]
* [http://www.myflorida.com/ Situs negara bagian] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040113091240/http://www.myflorida.com/ |date=2004-01-13 }}
* {{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Florida}}
* {{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Florida}}
* [http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/florida/index.html Florida State Guide, from the Library of Congress]
* [http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/florida/index.html Florida State Guide, from the Library of Congress] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805064134/http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/florida/index.html |date=2010-08-05 }}
* {{wikivoyage|Florida}}
* {{wikivoyage|Florida}}
* [http://www.floridamemory.com/ Florida Memory Project] Over 300,000 photographs and documents from the State Library & Archives of Florida
* [http://www.floridamemory.com/ Florida Memory Project] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502174501/http://floridamemory.com/collections/spanishlandgrants/ |date=2013-05-02 }} Over 300,000 photographs and documents from the State Library & Archives of Florida
* [http://www.floridamemory.com/Collections/SpanishLandGrants/ Online collection of the Spanish Land Grants.]
* [http://www.floridamemory.com/Collections/SpanishLandGrants/ Online collection of the Spanish Land Grants.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502174501/http://floridamemory.com/collections/spanishlandgrants/ |date=2013-05-02 }}
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=FL USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Florida]
* [http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=FL USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Florida] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505061103/http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=FL |date=2010-05-05 }}
* [http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/UFDC/ University of Florida Digital Collections] Digital collections of texts and images, including Florida aerial photography, ephemeral photographs and postcards, letters, and more
* [http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/UFDC/ University of Florida Digital Collections] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070826165535/http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/ufdc/ |date=2007-08-26 }} Digital collections of texts and images, including Florida aerial photography, ephemeral photographs and postcards, letters, and more
* [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12000.html U.S. Census Bureau]
* [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12000.html U.S. Census Bureau] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814085519/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12000.html |date=2012-08-14 }}
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/FL.htm Economic and farm demographics fact sheet from the USDA]
* [http://www.ers.usda.gov/StateFacts/FL.htm Economic and farm demographics fact sheet from the USDA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709123548/http://www.ers.usda.gov/stateFacts/FL.HTM |date=2010-07-09 }}
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=FL Energy & Environmental Data For Florida]
* [http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=FL Energy & Environmental Data For Florida] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107073030/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=FL |date=2008-01-07 }}
* [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Florida List of searchable databases produced by Florida state agencies] hosted by the [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Main_Page American Library Association Government Documents Roundtable]
* [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Florida List of searchable databases produced by Florida state agencies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420123940/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Florida |date=2009-04-20 }} hosted by the [http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Main_Page American Library Association Government Documents Roundtable] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091013010530/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Main_Page |date=2009-10-13 }}
* [http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/bfly/zebra_longwing.htm ''Heliconius charitonia'', zebra longwing] Florida state butterfly, on the [[University of Florida|UF]] / [[Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences|IFAS]] Featured Creatures Web site
* [http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/bfly/zebra_longwing.htm ''Heliconius charitonia'', zebra longwing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227224320/http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/bfly/zebra_longwing.htm |date=2009-12-27 }} Florida state butterfly, on the [[University of Florida|UF]] / [[Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences|IFAS]] Featured Creatures Web site
* [http://quarriesandbeyond.org/states/fl/florida.html Florida stone quarry information on Stone Quarries and Beyond]
* [http://quarriesandbeyond.org/states/fl/florida.html Florida stone quarry information on Stone Quarries and Beyond] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100204055256/http://quarriesandbeyond.org/states/fl/florida.html |date=2010-02-04 }}
* [http://quarriesandbeyond.org/states/fl/fl-structures.html#augustine “Scenes in Florida,” in ''Picturesque America'', with Illustrations, by Harry Fenn, 1872], on Stone Quarries and Beyond.
* [http://quarriesandbeyond.org/states/fl/fl-structures.html#augustine “Scenes in Florida,” in ''Picturesque America'', with Illustrations, by Harry Fenn, 1872] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821004957/http://quarriesandbeyond.org/states/fl/fl-structures.html#augustine |date=2010-08-21 }}, on Stone Quarries and Beyond.
* [http://www.florida.wikia.com/wiki/Main_Page.org Florida Wiki]
* [http://www.florida.wikia.com/wiki/Main_Page.org Florida Wiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306085627/http://florida.wikia.com/wiki/Main_Page.org |date=2016-03-06 }}
* [http://www.protectingourwater.org Florida Rivers and Watersheds - Florida DEP]
* [http://www.protectingourwater.org Florida Rivers and Watersheds - Florida DEP] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514045746/http://www.protectingourwater.org/ |date=2016-05-14 }}
* [http://www.orlando-villa-guide.com Florida Villas Guide]
* [http://www.orlando-villa-guide.com Florida Villas Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329165552/http://www.orlando-villa-guide.com/ |date=2023-03-29 }}


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{{coord|28|8|0|N|81|37|54|W|region:US-FL_type:adm1st_scale:3000000|display=title}}
Baris 450: Baris 453:
{{United States}}
{{United States}}
{{Negara bagian Florida}}
{{Negara bagian Florida}}
{{Authority control}}
{{AS-geo-stub}}


[[Kategori:Florida| ]]
[[Kategori:Florida| ]]
[[Kategori:Negara bagian di Amerika Serikat]]

{{Link FA|fr}}
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Florida"