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{{Sedang ditulis}}
{{Infobox rocket
{{Infobox rocket
|name = Falcon 9 Full Thrust
|name = Falcon 9 Full Thrust
|image = File:ORBCOMM-2 (23802549782).jpg
|image = ORBCOMM-2 (23802549782).jpg|280px
|caption = Launch of the first Falcon 9 Full Thrust flight, [[Falcon 9 Flight 20]], carrying 11 [[Orbcomm (satellite)|Orbcomm]] satellites to orbit. [[Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests|The first stage was recovered]] at [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station]] [[Landing Zones 1 and 2|LZ-1]] following the first successful Falcon 9 landing.
|caption = Peluncuran pertama Falcon 9 v1.2 (Full Thrust) yang membawa muatan satelit Orbcomm dari [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Stasiun Angkatan Udara Cape Canaveral]]
|function = [[Orbital spaceflight|Orbital]] [[medium-lift launch vehicle]]
|function = [[Wahana luncur daya angkat sedang]] ke [[Penerbangan ruang angkasa orbital|orbital]]
|manufacturer = [[SpaceX]]
|manufacturer = [[SpaceX]]
|country-origin = United States
|country-origin = [[Amerika Serikat]]
|cpl = $62M (2016),<ref name=spacex-capabilities>{{cite web|title=Capabilities & Services (2016)|url=http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities|publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=3 May 2016|date=2012-11-28}}</ref> $50M (2018)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/05/block-5-spacex-increase-launch-cadence-lower-prices/ |title=With Block 5, SpaceX to increase launch cadence and lower prices |first=Michael |last=Baylor |work=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]] |date=17 May 2018 |access-date=24 May 2018}}</ref>
|cpl = $62M (2016),<ref name=spacex-capabilities>{{cite web|title=Capabilities & Services (2016)|url=http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities|publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=3 May 2016|date=2012-11-28|archive-date=2013-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007205105/http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities|dead-url=yes}}</ref> $50M (2018)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/05/block-5-spacex-increase-launch-cadence-lower-prices/ |title=With Block 5, SpaceX to increase launch cadence and lower prices |first=Michael |last=Baylor |work=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]] |date=17 May 2018 |access-date=24 May 2018 |archive-date=2020-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420062922/https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/05/block-5-spacex-increase-launch-cadence-lower-prices/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|height = {{cvt|71|m|ft}} with payload fairing<ref name="spx-user-guide">{{cite web|title=Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide|url=http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/falcon_9_users_guide_rev_2.0.pdf|access-date=29 November 2015|date=21 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314002928/http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/falcon_9_users_guide_rev_2.0.pdf|archive-date=14 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|height = {{cvt|71|m|ft}} dengan muatan terpasang<ref name="spx-user-guide">{{cite web|title=Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide|url=http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/falcon_9_users_guide_rev_2.0.pdf|access-date=29 November 2015|date=21 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314002928/http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/falcon_9_users_guide_rev_2.0.pdf|archive-date=14 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|diameter = {{cvt|3.66|m|ft}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9>{{cite web|title=Falcon 9|url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9|publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=30 April 2016|date=2012-11-16}}</ref>
|diameter = {{cvt|3.66|m|ft}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9>{{cite web|title=Falcon 9|url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9|publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=30 April 2016|date=2012-11-16|archive-date=2013-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715094112/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|mass = {{cvt|549,000|kg}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9/>
|mass = {{cvt|549,000|kg}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9/>
|stages = 2
|stages = 2
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|capacities = <!--insert one of the following templates for each payload:-->
|capacities = <!--insert one of the following templates for each payload:-->
{{Infobox rocket/payload
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] (28.5°)
|location = [[Orbit bumi rendah|LEO]] (28.5°)
|kilos = {{plainlist|
|kilos = {{plainlist|
* Expendable: {{cvt|22,800|kg}},<ref name=spacex-capabilities /> {{cvt|15600|kg}} when landing
* Terjangkau: {{cvt|22,800|kg}},<ref name=spacex-capabilities /> {{cvt|15600|kg}} ketika dilakukan pendaratan
* PAF structural limit: {{cvt|10,886|kg}}<ref name="spx-user-guide"/>
* Batas kekuatan struktur adaptor muatan: {{cvt|10,886|kg}}<ref name="spx-user-guide"/>
}}
}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox rocket/payload
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[Geosynchronous transfer orbit|GTO]] (27°)
|location = [[Orbit geostasioner|GEO]] (27°)
|kilos = {{plainlist|
|kilos = {{plainlist|
* Expendable: {{cvt|8,300|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
* Terjangkau: {{cvt|8,300|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
* Reusable: {{cvt|5500|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
* Penggunaan berulang: {{cvt|5500|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
}}
}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox rocket/payload
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[Mars transfer orbit|Mars]] <!--Target orbit/trajectory, required. Please use [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] or [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] instead of just [[GTO]] or [[LEO]].-->
|location = [[Orbit transfer Mars|Mars]] <!--Target orbit/trajectory, required. Please use [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] or [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] instead of just [[GTO]] or [[LEO]].-->
|kilos = {{cvt|4,020|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
|kilos = {{cvt|4,020|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
}}
}}
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}}
}}
<!----Launch history (required)---->
<!----Launch history (required)---->
|status = Active
|status = Aktif
|sites = {{plainlist|
|sites = {{plainlist|
* [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-40]]
* [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-40]]
* [[VAFB|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-4E]]
* [[VAFB|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-4E]]
* [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]]
* [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]]
}} <!--SILAKAN PERBARUI DATA DI Templat:Statistik roket Falcon-->
}}
|launches = {{Falcon rocket statistics|F9FTlaunch}}<ref name=gunter-falcon9>{{cite web |title=Falcon-9 |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/falcon-9.htm |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=7 November 2018}}</ref>
|launches = {{Statistik roket Falcon|F9FTlaunch}}<ref name=gunter-falcon9>{{cite web |title=Falcon-9 |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/falcon-9.htm |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=7 November 2018 |archive-date=2015-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503203159/http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/falcon-9.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|success = {{Falcon rocket statistics|F9FTsuccess}}
|success = {{Statistik roket Falcon|F9FTsuccess}}
|fail =
|fail =
|partial =
|partial =
|other_outcome = 1 ([[Amos-6|destroyed before launch]])
|other_outcome = 1 ([[Amos 6|hancur sebelum peluncuran]])
|landings = {{Falcon rocket statistics|F9Landingsuccess}} / {{#expr:{{Falcon rocket statistics|F9Landingattempt}}-3}} attempts
|landings = {{Statistik roket Falcon|F9Landingsuccess}} / {{#expr:{{Statistik roket Falcon|F9Landingattempt}}-3}} percobaan
|first = [[Falcon 9 Flight 20|22 December 2015]]
|first = [[Falcon 9 Flight 20|22 Desember 2015]]
|last = {{Statistik roket Falcon|F9B5LastLaunch}}
|last = 4 June 2020 ([[Starlink]]-7)<!-- UPDATE after each flight -->
|payloads = {{flatlist|
|payloads = {{flatlist|
* [[SpaceX Dragon|Dragon]] capsule
* Kapsul [[SpaceX Dragon|Dragon]] capsule
* [[Iridium NEXT]] fleet
* Armada [[Iridium NEXT]]
* [[Zuma (satellite)|Zuma]]
* [[Zuma (satelit)|Zuma]]
* [[Boeing X-37|Boeing X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle]]
* [[Boeing X-37|Boeing X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle]]
* [[Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite|TESS]]
* [[Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite|TESS]]
* [[Beresheet|Beresheet lander]]
* [[Beresheet|Pendarat Beresheet]]
* [[Starlink (satellite constellation)|Starlink]]
* [[Starlink (konstelasi satelit)|Starlink]]
}}
}}
<!--Stages/boosters-->
<!--Stages/boosters-->
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|type = stage <!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
|type = stage <!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
|diff = <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
|diff = <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
|stageno = First <!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (eg. First, Second, etc), required-->
|stageno = Pertama <!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (eg. First, Second, etc), required-->
|name = <!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
|name = <!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
|number = <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
|number = <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
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|engines = 9 [[Merlin 1D]] <!--number and type of engines used on each individual booster/stage, required-->
|engines = 9 [[Merlin 1D]] <!--number and type of engines used on each individual booster/stage, required-->
|solid = <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
|solid = <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
|thrust = '''Sea level:''' {{cvt|7,607|kN|}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9/> <br />'''Vacuum:''' {{cvt|8,227|kN|}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9 />
|thrust = '''Ketinggian laut:''' {{cvt|7,607|kN|}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9/> <br />'''Ruang vakum:''' {{cvt|8,227|kN|}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9 />
|SI = '''Sea level:''' 282 seconds<ref name=falcon9-2013>{{cite web|title=Falcon 9 |url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php |publisher=SpaceX |accessdate=29 September 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501002858/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php |archivedate=1 May 2013|date=2012-11-16 }}</ref>{{Update after|2013|9|reason=ISP for first-stage Merlin 1D is taken from v1.1 specs, new source required}} <br/> '''Vacuum''': 311 seconds<ref name=falcon9-2013/>{{Update after|2013|9|reason= ISP for first-stage Merlin 1D is taken from v1.1 specs, new source required}} <!--specific impulse of an individual booster/stage, in secs, optional-->
|SI = '''Ketinggian laut:''' 282 detik<ref name=falcon9-2013>{{cite web|title=Falcon 9 |url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php |publisher=SpaceX |accessdate=29 September 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501002858/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php |archivedate=1 May 2013|date=2012-11-16 }}</ref>{{Update after|2013|9|reason=ISP for first-stage Merlin 1D is taken from v1.1 specs, new source required}} <br/> '''Ruang Vakum''': 311 detik<ref name=falcon9-2013/>{{Update after|2013|9|reason= ISP for first-stage Merlin 1D is taken from v1.1 specs, new source required}} <!--specific impulse of an individual booster/stage, in secs, optional-->
|burntime = 162 seconds<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--burn time, required-->
|burntime = 162 detik<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--burn time, required-->
|fuel = [[Subcooling|Subcooled]] [[LOX]] / Chilled [[RP-1]]<ref name=musk-tweet-20151217>{{cite tweet |user=elonmusk |number=677666779494248449 |author-link=Elon Musk |date=2015-12-17 |title= -340 F in this case. Deep cryo increases density and amplifies rocket performance. First time anyone has gone this low for O2. [RP-1 chilled] from 70F to 20 F |accessdate = 19 December 2015}}</ref> <!--fuel used in stage/boosters, required-->
|fuel = [[Subcooling|Subcooled]] [[LOX]] / Chilled [[RP-1]]<ref name=musk-tweet-20151217>{{cite tweet |user=elonmusk |number=677666779494248449 |author-link=Elon Musk |date=2015-12-17 |title= -340 F in this case. Deep cryo increases density and amplifies rocket performance. First time anyone has gone this low for O2. [RP-1 chilled] from 70F to 20 F |accessdate = 19 December 2015}}</ref> <!--fuel used in stage/boosters, required-->
}}
}}
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|type = stage <!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
|type = stage <!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
|diff = <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
|diff = <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
|stageno = Second <!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (eg. First, Second, etc), required-->
|stageno = Kedua<!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (eg. First, Second, etc), required-->
|name = <!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
|name = <!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
|number = <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
|number = <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
Baris 102: Baris 101:
|solid = <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
|solid = <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
|thrust = {{cvt|934|kN}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--thrust provided by a single booster/stage in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, required-->
|thrust = {{cvt|934|kN}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--thrust provided by a single booster/stage in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, required-->
|SI = 348 seconds<ref name=spacex-falcon9 />
|SI = 348 detik<ref name=spacex-falcon9 />
|burntime = 397 seconds<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--burn time, required-->
|burntime = 397 detik<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--burn time, required-->
|fuel = LOX / RP-1 <!--fuel used in stage/boosters, required-->
|fuel = LOX / RP-1 <!--fuel used in stage/boosters, required-->
}}
}}
}}
}}
'''Falcon 9 Full Thrust''' (atau dikenal juga sebagai '''Falcon 9 v1.2''',) merupakan salah satu jenis [[Kendaraan peluncur luar angkasa|wahana luncur antariksa]] yang didesain dan diproduksi oleh [[SpaceX]]. Wahana ini memiliki daya angkat sedang (''medium-lift'') dan melibatkan roket yang dapat digunakan kembali secara parsial. Hingga saat ini, Falcon 9 Full Thrust merupakan versi dari [[Falcon 9]] yang paling banyak diluncurkan (67/87) dan memiliki tingkat kesuksesan peluncuran 100%. Roket ini dapat mendorong muatan hingga ke orbit geostasioner dan digunakan kembali setelah mendarat.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.spacelaunchreport.com/falcon9ft.html|title=SpaceX Falcon 9 v1.2 Data Sheet|website=www.spacelaunchreport.com|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2022-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531185009/http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/falcon9ft.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-certifies-falcon-9-for-science-missions/|title=NASA certifies Falcon 9 for science missions|date=2018-02-16|website=SpaceNews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2023-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717182526/https://spacenews.com/nasa-certifies-falcon-9-for-science-missions/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== Desain dan pengembangan ==
Falcon 9 Full Thrust merupakan pengembangan yang relatif signifikan dari Falcon 9 v1.1, pengembangan ini dimaksudkan untuk memperbaiki efisiensi, daya angkut, daya jelajah, serta penggunaan ulang dari roket sebelumnya. Beberapa di antaranya yang diubah dari versi sebelumnya adalah suhu bahan bakar, ukuran tangki bahan bakar, ukuran dan desain pendorong dan sistem pembuangan, dan kaki pendaratan roket.<ref name=":0" />

=== Blok 4 & 5 ===
Pengembangan lebih lanjut yang signifikan dari Falcon 9 Full Thrust adalah Falcon 9 Full Thrust Block 4 dan [[Falcon 9 Block 5|Block 5]]. Pada 2017, pengembangan bertahap dari Falcon 9 Full Thrust diperuntukan dalam beberapa peluncuran satelit. Pengembangan ini dinamakan pengembangan Blok 4 yang berisi peningkatan [[gaya dorong]] [[Mesin roket|mesin]]. Sementara pengembangan berikutnya yaitu pengembangan Blok 5 berisi perbaikan terhadap penggunaan ulang roket, effisiensi mesin, bentuk roket, serta daya dorong.<ref name=":0" />

=== Percobaan ===
Percobaan pertama terhadap Falcon 9 Full Thrust dilakukan di fasilitas SpaceX McGregor pada September 2015. Pada percobaan ini dilakukan pengamatan statis terhadap kinerja roket saat dioperasikan dengan bahan bakar dan mesin yang telah dikembangkan dari versi sebelumnya.<ref name=":0" />

=== Peluncuran perdana ===
Sebuah operator satelit yaitu SES S.A mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan meluncurkan satelit SES-9 mereka melalui peluncuran perdana Falcon 9 Full Thrust pada Februari 2015. Pada 22 Desember 2015 SpaceX melakukan peluncuran perdana Falcon 9 Full Thrust tetapi tidak dengan mengangkut SES-9, melainkan muatan dari Orbcomm OG2. Pada 4 Maret 2016 Falcon 9 Full Thrust kemudian digunakan untuk meluncurkan satelit SES-9.<ref name=":0" />

== Sejarah ==
Tercatat setidaknya 67 peluncuran Falcon 9 Full Thrust hingga 13 Juni 2020. Seluruh peluncuran tercatat sukses dengan pada satu peluncuran percoban terdapat roket yang meledak. Pada 3 September 2016 saat direncanakan peluncuran ke-29, wahana ini mengalami masalah sebelum diluncurkan dan memusnahkan satelit [[Amos 6|AMOS-6]] milik operator Israel, Spacecom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rt.com/viral/357920-spacex-amos-satellite-explosion/|title=Inside the $200mn AMOS-6 satellite destroyed during SpaceX rocket explosion (VIDEO, PHOTOS)|website=RT International|language=en|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2017-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808235251/https://www.rt.com/viral/357920-spacex-amos-satellite-explosion/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-spacecom-to-claim-compensation-for-amos-6-from-iai-1001149933|title=Spacecom to claim Amos 6 compensation from IAI|date=2016-09-04|website=en.globes.co.il|language=he|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2023-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523135815/https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-spacecom-to-claim-compensation-for-amos-6-from-iai-1001149933|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}{{navbox
| name = SpaceX
| title = [[SpaceX]]
| image = [[Berkas:SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg|100px|link=SpaceX]]
| listclass = hlist
| state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}}

| group1 = [[Falcon (keluarga roket)|Roket peluncur]]
| list1 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Beroperasi
| list1 =
* [[Falcon 9]]
** [[Falcon 9 Block 5|"Full Thrust" Block 5]]
* [[Falcon Heavy]]

| group2 = Dalam pengembangan
| list2 =
* [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]*
| group3 = Pensiun
| list3 =
* [[Falcon 1]]
* Falcon 9
** [[Falcon 9 v1.0|v1.0]]
** [[Falcon 9 v1.1|v1.1]]
** [[Falcon 9 Full Thrust|"Full Thrust" v1.2]]
** Block 4
| group4 = Dibatalkan
| list4 =
* [[Falcon 1e]]*
* [[Falcon 5]]*
* [[Falcon 9 Air]]*
}}

| group2= Wahana uji
| list2 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Beroperasi
| list1 =
| group2 = Pensiun
| list2 =
* ''[[SpaceX Grasshopper|Grasshopper]]''
* [[F9R Dev1]]†
* ''[[SpaceX DragonFly|DragonFly]]''
* ''[[Starhopper]]''
| group3 = Tidak.belum terbang
| list3 =
* [[F9R Dev2]]*
* [[SpaceX Starship#Prototypes|Starship prototypes]]
}}
| group3 = Wahana antariksa
| list3 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Kargo
| list1 =
* [[SpaceX Dragon|Dragon]]
* Starship cargo*
* Starship tanker*

| group2 = Awak
| list2 =
* [[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]]
** [[Crew Dragon C201|C201]]
** [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|C206 ''Endeavour'']]
** [[Crew Dragon C207|C207]]
* [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]*
}}

| group4 = Wahana dapat digunakan ulang
| list4 =
* [[Daftar pendorong tahap pertama Falcon 9|Pendorong tahap pertama]]
** [[Pendorong Falcon 9 B1046|B1046]]
** [[Pendorong Falcon 9 B1048|B1048]]
** [[Pendorong Falcon 9 B1056|B1056]]
* Kapsul kargo
** [[SpaceX Dragon C106|C106]]
** [[SpaceX Dragon C108|C108]]

| group5 = [[Mesin roket SpaceX|Mesin roket]]
| list5 =
* [[Kestrel (mesin roket)|Kestrel]] (pensiun)
* [[Merlin (mesin roket)|Merlin]]
** 1A
** 1B*
** 1C
** 1D
** Vacuum
* [[Draco (mesin roket)|Draco]]
** [[SuperDraco]]
* [[Raptor (mesin roket)|Raptor]]
* [[Mesin roket SpaceX#Pendorong Methalox|Pendorong Methalox]]*

| group6 = [[Templat:Peluncuran roket Falcon|Misi]]
| list6 =
* [[Falcon 1#Sejarah peluncuran|Falcon 1 launches]]
* [[Daftar peluncuran roket Falcon 9 dan Falcon Heavy|Peluncuran Falcon 9 dan Falcon Heavy]]
** [[Misi Demonstrasi falcon Heavy]]
* [[Starlink (konstelasi satelit)|Starlink]]
* [[Daftar penerbangan Starship|Penerbangan Starship]]
** ''#[[Proyek dearMoon]]''*

| group7 = [[Fasilitas peluncuran SpaceX|Tempat peluncuran]]
| list7 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Orbital
| list1 =
* [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 40|Space Launch Complex 40]]
** [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]]
* [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|Launch Complex 39A]]
** [[Kennedy Space Center]]
* [[Vandenberg Air Force Base Space Launch Complex 4#SLC-4E|Space Launch Complex 4E]]
** [[Vandenberg Air Force Base|Vandenberg]]
* [[Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site|Omelek Island]]†
** [[Kwajalein Atoll|Kwajalein]]

| group2 = Atmosfer
| list2 =
* [[Fasilitas peluncuran SpaceXs#Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor|Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor]]
* [[Fasilitas peluncuran Spacex#Fasilitas pengujian New Mexico|Fasilitas pengujian New Mexico]]†
* [[Tempat peluncuran SpaceX di Texas|Tempat peluncuran Texas]]
** [[Boca Chica Village, Texas|Boca Chica]]
}}

| group8 = Tempat pendaratan
| list8 =
* [[Autonomous spaceport drone ship]]
* Landing Zone <!-- [[SpaceX Landing Zone]] -->
** [[Landing Zones 1 dan 2|LZ-1]] di Cape Canaveral
** [[Landing Zones 1 dan 2|LZ-2]] di Cape Canaveral
** [[Vandenberg Air Force Base Space Launch Complex 4#SLC-4W|LZ-4di]] Vandenberg

| group9 = Fasilitas lain
| list9 =
* [[SpaceX|Kantor pusat dan pabrik]]
** [[Hawthorne, California]]
* [[Fasilitas peluncuran SpaceXs#Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor|Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor]]
** [[McGregor, Texas]]<!--This is listed twice as it is both a suborbital launch site (Grasshopper, etc) and a test facility (engines, structures and likely more) -->
* [[Fasilitas pengembangan satelit|Satellite development facility]]
** [[Redmond, Washington]]
* [[SpaceX|Kantor regional]]
** Chantilly, Houston, Seattle, Washington DC

| group10 = Wahana penunjang
| list10 =
* [[GO Searcher]]
**Pendaratan Dragon 2
* [[GO Navigator]]
**Pendaratan Dragon 2
* [[Ms. Tree (kapal)|Ms. Tree & Ms. Chief]]
**Pendaratan fairing

| group11 = Kontrak
| list11 =
* [[Commercial Orbital Transportation Services]]
* [[Commercial Resupply Services]]
* [[Commercial Crew Program]]
* [[Commercial Lunar Payload Services]]
* [[Gateway Logistics Services]]

| group12 = Program [[Riset dan pengembangan|litbang]]
| list12 =
* [[Program pengembangan sistem peluncur daur ulang SpaceX]]
* [[Uji pendaratan tahap pertama Falcon 9]]
* [[Red Dragon (wahana antariksa)|Red Dragon]] (dibatalkan)
* [[Infrastruktur transportasi Mars SpaceX]]

| group13 = Tokoh
| list13 =
* [[Elon Musk]] (CEO, CTO)
* [[Gwynne Shotwell]] (Presiden and COO)
* [[Tom Mueller]] (Wakil Presiden Pengembangan Teknologi Propulsi)

|below = <nowiki>*</nowiki> denotes unflown vehicles or engines, and future missions or sites. † denotes failed missions, destroyed vehicles, and abandoned sites.
}}
[[Kategori:Kendaraan peluncur antariksa]]
[[Kategori:Kendaraan peluncur luar angkasa Amerika Serikat]]
[[Kategori:Wahana antariksa]]

Revisi terkini sejak 17 Juli 2023 18.25

Falcon 9 Full Thrust
Peluncuran pertama Falcon 9 v1.2 (Full Thrust) yang membawa muatan satelit Orbcomm dari Stasiun Angkatan Udara Cape Canaveral
Peluncuran pertama Falcon 9 v1.2 (Full Thrust) yang membawa muatan satelit Orbcomm dari Stasiun Angkatan Udara Cape Canaveral
Fungsi Wahana luncur daya angkat sedang ke orbital
Produsen SpaceX
Negara asal Amerika Serikat
Biaya per peluncuran (2024) $62M (2016),[1] $50M (2018)[2]
Ukuran
Tinggi 71 m (233 ft) dengan muatan terpasang[3]
Diameter 366 m (1.201 ft)[4]
Massa 549,000 kg (1.210,338 pon)[4]
Tingkatan 2
Kapasitas
Muatan menuju LEO (28.5°)
Massa
  • Terjangkau: 22,800 kg (50,27 pon),[1] 15.600 kg (34.400 pon) ketika dilakukan pendaratan
  • Batas kekuatan struktur adaptor muatan: 10,886 kg (24,00 pon)[3]
Muatan menuju GEO (27°)
Massa
  • Terjangkau: 8,300 kg (18,30 pon)[1]
  • Penggunaan berulang: 5.500 kg (12.100 pon)[1]
Muatan menuju Mars
Massa4,020 kg (8,86 pon)[1]
Roket terkait
Keluarga Falcon 9
Derivatif Falcon Heavy
Roket sejenis
Sejarah peluncuran
Status Aktif
Tempat peluncuran
Total peluncuran 86[5]
Keberhasilan
peluncuran 		86
Lainnya 1 (hancur sebelum peluncuran)
Penerbangan perdana 22 Desember 2015
Penerbangan terakhir 24 Januari 2021 (Transporter-1)
Muatan
Tingkat Pertama
Mesin9 Merlin 1D
Daya dorongKetinggian laut: 7,607 kN (1.710 lbf)[4]
Ruang vakum: 8,227 kN (1.850 lbf)[4]
Impuls spesifikKetinggian laut: 282 detik[6][dated info]
Ruang Vakum: 311 detik[6][dated info]
Durasi pembakaran162 detik[4]
Bahan bakarSubcooled LOX / Chilled RP-1[7]
Tingkat Kedua
Mesin1 Merlin 1D Vacuum
Daya dorong934 kN (210.000 lbf)[4]
Impuls spesifik348 detik[4]
Durasi pembakaran397 detik[4]
Bahan bakarLOX / RP-1

Falcon 9 Full Thrust (atau dikenal juga sebagai Falcon 9 v1.2,) merupakan salah satu jenis wahana luncur antariksa yang didesain dan diproduksi oleh SpaceX. Wahana ini memiliki daya angkat sedang (medium-lift) dan melibatkan roket yang dapat digunakan kembali secara parsial. Hingga saat ini, Falcon 9 Full Thrust merupakan versi dari Falcon 9 yang paling banyak diluncurkan (67/87) dan memiliki tingkat kesuksesan peluncuran 100%. Roket ini dapat mendorong muatan hingga ke orbit geostasioner dan digunakan kembali setelah mendarat.[8][9]

Desain dan pengembangan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Falcon 9 Full Thrust merupakan pengembangan yang relatif signifikan dari Falcon 9 v1.1, pengembangan ini dimaksudkan untuk memperbaiki efisiensi, daya angkut, daya jelajah, serta penggunaan ulang dari roket sebelumnya. Beberapa di antaranya yang diubah dari versi sebelumnya adalah suhu bahan bakar, ukuran tangki bahan bakar, ukuran dan desain pendorong dan sistem pembuangan, dan kaki pendaratan roket.[8]

Blok 4 & 5[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pengembangan lebih lanjut yang signifikan dari Falcon 9 Full Thrust adalah Falcon 9 Full Thrust Block 4 dan Block 5. Pada 2017, pengembangan bertahap dari Falcon 9 Full Thrust diperuntukan dalam beberapa peluncuran satelit. Pengembangan ini dinamakan pengembangan Blok 4 yang berisi peningkatan gaya dorong mesin. Sementara pengembangan berikutnya yaitu pengembangan Blok 5 berisi perbaikan terhadap penggunaan ulang roket, effisiensi mesin, bentuk roket, serta daya dorong.[8]

Percobaan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Percobaan pertama terhadap Falcon 9 Full Thrust dilakukan di fasilitas SpaceX McGregor pada September 2015. Pada percobaan ini dilakukan pengamatan statis terhadap kinerja roket saat dioperasikan dengan bahan bakar dan mesin yang telah dikembangkan dari versi sebelumnya.[8]

Peluncuran perdana[sunting | sunting sumber]

Sebuah operator satelit yaitu SES S.A mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan meluncurkan satelit SES-9 mereka melalui peluncuran perdana Falcon 9 Full Thrust pada Februari 2015. Pada 22 Desember 2015 SpaceX melakukan peluncuran perdana Falcon 9 Full Thrust tetapi tidak dengan mengangkut SES-9, melainkan muatan dari Orbcomm OG2. Pada 4 Maret 2016 Falcon 9 Full Thrust kemudian digunakan untuk meluncurkan satelit SES-9.[8]

Sejarah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Tercatat setidaknya 67 peluncuran Falcon 9 Full Thrust hingga 13 Juni 2020. Seluruh peluncuran tercatat sukses dengan pada satu peluncuran percoban terdapat roket yang meledak. Pada 3 September 2016 saat direncanakan peluncuran ke-29, wahana ini mengalami masalah sebelum diluncurkan dan memusnahkan satelit AMOS-6 milik operator Israel, Spacecom.[10][11]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ a b c d e "Capabilities & Services (2016)". SpaceX. 2012-11-28. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-07. Diakses tanggal 3 May 2016. 
  2. ^ Baylor, Michael (17 May 2018). "With Block 5, SpaceX to increase launch cadence and lower prices". NASASpaceFlight.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-20. Diakses tanggal 24 May 2018. 
  3. ^ a b "Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide" (PDF). 21 October 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 14 March 2017. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2015. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "Falcon 9". SpaceX. 2012-11-16. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-07-15. Diakses tanggal 30 April 2016. 
  5. ^ Krebs, Gunter. "Falcon-9". Gunter's Space Page. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-05-03. Diakses tanggal 7 November 2018. 
  6. ^ a b "Falcon 9". SpaceX. 2012-11-16. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 May 2013. Diakses tanggal 29 September 2013. 
  7. ^ Elon Musk [@elonmusk] (2015-12-17). "-340 F in this case. Deep cryo increases density and amplifies rocket performance. First time anyone has gone this low for O2. [RP-1 chilled] from 70F to 20 F" (Tweet). Diakses tanggal 19 December 2015 – via Twitter. 
  8. ^ a b c d e "SpaceX Falcon 9 v1.2 Data Sheet". www.spacelaunchreport.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-05-31. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-30. 
  9. ^ "NASA certifies Falcon 9 for science missions". SpaceNews.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2018-02-16. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-17. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-30. 
  10. ^ "Inside the $200mn AMOS-6 satellite destroyed during SpaceX rocket explosion (VIDEO, PHOTOS)". RT International (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-30. 
  11. ^ "Spacecom to claim Amos 6 compensation from IAI". en.globes.co.il (dalam bahasa Ibrani). 2016-09-04. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-05-23. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-30. 
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