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{{DISPLAYTITLE|USS ''New Jersey'' (BB-62)}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin |infobox caption = yes}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin |infobox caption = yes}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
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{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
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|Ship country= US
|Ship country=[[Amerika Serikat]]
|Ship flag={{USN flag |1991}}
|Ship flag={{USN flag |1991}}
|Ship name=
|Ship name=
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|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar
|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar
|Ship EW= [[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite|AN/SLQ-32]]<br />[[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] Decoy System<br />8 × [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers
|Ship EW= [[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite|AN/SLQ-32]]<br />[[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] Decoy System<br />8 × [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers
|Ship armament=1943:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7|16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />20 × [[5 inch (127 mm)/38 caliber gun|5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns]]<br />80 × [[Bofors 40 mm gun|40&nbsp;mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />49 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20&nbsp;mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />1968:<br />9 × 16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns<br />20 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns<br />1982:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7|16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />12 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns<br />32 × [[Tomahawk missile|BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles]]<br />16 × [[RGM-84 Harpoon|RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles]]<br />4 × [[Phalanx weapon system|20&nbsp;mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS]]
|Ship armament=1943:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7|16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />20 × [[5 inch (127 mm)/38 caliber gun|5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns]]<br />80 × [[Bofors 40 mm gun|40&nbsp;mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />49 × [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|20&nbsp;mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />1968:<br />9 × 16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns<br />20 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns<br />1982:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7|16&nbsp;in (406&nbsp;mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />12 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns<br />32 × [[Tomahawk missile|BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles]]<br />16 × [[RGM-84 Harpoon|RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles]]<br />4 × [[Phalanx weapon system|20&nbsp;mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS]]
|Ship armor=[[Sabuk]]: {{convert |12.1|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Bulkhead]]: {{convert |11.3|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Barbet]]: {{convert |11.6|to|17.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Turet senjata]]: {{convert |19.7|in|mm| abbr = on}}<br /> [[Geladak]]: {{convert |7.5|in|mm| abbr= on}}
|Ship armor=[[Sabuk]]: {{convert |12.1|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Bulkhead]]: {{convert |11.3|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Barbet]]: {{convert |11.6|to|17.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Turet senjata]]: {{convert |19.7|in|mm| abbr = on}}<br /> [[Geladak]]: {{convert |7.5|in|mm| abbr= on}}
|Ship aircraft=1943:3 [[pesawat apung]] [[OS2U Kingfisher|Vought OS2U Kingfisher]]<br />1982:<br />4 helikopter
|Ship aircraft=1943:3 [[pesawat apung]] [[OS2U Kingfisher|Vought OS2U Kingfisher]]<br />1982:<br />4 helikopter
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[[Berkas:USS New Jersey (BB-62) in 2007.jpg|jmpl|USS New Jersey (BB-62) pada tahun &nbsp;2007|ka]]
[[Berkas:USS New Jersey (BB-62) in 2007.jpg|jmpl|USS New Jersey (BB-62) pada tahun &nbsp;2007|ka]]


'''USS ''New Jersey''''' (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php |title=Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions | date = 2014-10-28 | website=Battleship New Jersey |publisher = Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial | accessdate =2014-10-27}}</ref>) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut [[Amerika Serikat]] yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian [[New Jersey]]. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di [[Guam]] dan [[Okinawa]], dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat
'''USS ''New Jersey''''' (BB-62; "Big J" atau "''Black Dragon''"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php | title = Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions | date = 2014-10-28 | website = Battleship New Jersey | publisher = Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial | accessdate = 2014-10-27 | archive-date = 2014-10-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141029011001/http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php | dead-url = yes }}</ref>) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut [[Amerika Serikat]] yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian [[New Jersey]]. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di [[Guam]] dan [[Okinawa]], dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat


<!-- She was briefly reactivated in 1968 and sent to Vietnam to support US troops before returning to the mothball fleet in 1969. Reactivated once more in the 1980s as part of the [[600-ship Navy]] program, ''New Jersey'' was modernized to carry missiles and recommissioned for service. In 1983, she participated in US operations during the [[Lebanese Civil War]].
<!-- She was briefly reactivated in 1968 and sent to Vietnam to support US troops before returning to the mothball fleet in 1969. Reactivated once more in the 1980s as part of the [[600-ship Navy]] program, ''New Jersey'' was modernized to carry missiles and recommissioned for service. In 1983, she participated in US operations during the [[Lebanese Civil War]].
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''New Jersey'' was one of the {{sclass-|Iowa|battleship|0}} "[[fast battleship]]" designs planned in 1938 by the Preliminary Design Branch at the [[Bureau of Construction and Repair]]. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 12 December 1942 and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 May 1943. The ship was the second of the ''Iowa'' class to be commissioned by the [[U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Order">{{cite web | title = Naval Vessel Register | url = http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB62.htm | publisher= [[United States Navy]] | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> The ship was christened at her launching by Carolyn Edison, wife of Governor [[Charles Edison]] of New Jersey, himself a former [[Secretary of the Navy]]; and commissioned at [[Philadelphia]] 23 May 1943, Captain [[Carl F. Holden]] in command.<ref name="DANFS">{{cite web | title = USS New Jersey (BB 62) History | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/n/new-jersey-ii.html | work = [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] | publisher= United States Navy | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref>
''New Jersey'' was one of the {{sclass-|Iowa|battleship|0}} "[[fast battleship]]" designs planned in 1938 by the Preliminary Design Branch at the [[Bureau of Construction and Repair]]. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 12 December 1942 and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 May 1943. The ship was the second of the ''Iowa'' class to be commissioned by the [[U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Order">{{cite web | title = Naval Vessel Register | url = http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB62.htm | publisher= [[United States Navy]] | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> The ship was christened at her launching by Carolyn Edison, wife of Governor [[Charles Edison]] of New Jersey, himself a former [[Secretary of the Navy]]; and commissioned at [[Philadelphia]] 23 May 1943, Captain [[Carl F. Holden]] in command.<ref name="DANFS">{{cite web | title = USS New Jersey (BB 62) History | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/n/new-jersey-ii.html | work = [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] | publisher= United States Navy | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref>


''New Jersey''{{'}}s main battery consisted of nine [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun]]s in three three-gun turrets, which could fire {{convert|2700|lb|kg|0|adj=on}} armor-piercing shells some {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}. Her secondary battery consisted of twenty [[5"/38 caliber gun]]s mounted in twin-gun [[dual purpose gun|dual purpose]] (DP) turrets, which could hit targets up to {{convert|9|mi|km|0}} away. With the advent of air power and the need to gain and maintain [[air superiority]] came a need to protect the growing fleet of allied aircraft carriers, so ''New Jersey'' was fitted with an array of [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|Oerlikon 20 mm]] and [[Bofors 40 mm gun|Bofors 40 mm]] [[anti-aircraft artillery|anti-aircraft guns]]. When reactivated in 1968, ''New Jersey'' had her 20&nbsp;mm and 40&nbsp;mm AA guns removed and was tailored for use as a heavy bombardment ship. When reactivated in 1982, ''New Jersey'' had four twin 5"/38 caliber DP mounts removed. She was outfitted with four [[Phalanx CIWS]] mounts for protection against missiles and aircraft, and eight [[Armored Box Launcher]]s and eight Quad Cell Launchers designed to fire [[Tomahawk missile]]s and [[Harpoon missile]]s, respectively.<ref name="The Battleships I">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =120 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref>
''New Jersey''{{'}}s main battery consisted of nine [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun]]s in three three-gun turrets, which could fire {{convert|2700|lb|kg|0|adj=on}} armor-piercing shells some {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}. Her secondary battery consisted of twenty [[5"/38 caliber gun]]s mounted in twin-gun [[dual purpose gun|dual purpose]] (DP) turrets, which could hit targets up to {{convert|9|mi|km|0}} away. With the advent of air power and the need to gain and maintain [[air superiority]] came a need to protect the growing fleet of allied aircraft carriers, so ''New Jersey'' was fitted with an array of [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|Oerlikon 20 mm]] and [[Bofors 40 mm gun|Bofors 40 mm]] [[anti-aircraft artillery|anti-aircraft guns]]. When reactivated in 1968, ''New Jersey'' had her 20&nbsp;mm and 40&nbsp;mm AA guns removed and was tailored for use as a heavy bombardment ship. When reactivated in 1982, ''New Jersey'' had four twin 5"/38 caliber DP mounts removed. She was outfitted with four [[Phalanx CIWS]] mounts for protection against missiles and aircraft, and eight [[Armored Box Launcher]]s and eight Quad Cell Launchers designed to fire [[Tomahawk missile]]s and [[Harpoon missile]]s, respectively.<ref name="The Battleships I">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =120 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref>


Unlike the other ''Iowa''-class battleships, ''New Jersey'' was named by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] to repay a political debt, to then-New Jersey Governor [[Charles Edison]]. During his time in the Navy department, Edison pushed to build the ''Iowa''s, and to build one at the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]], which secured votes for Roosevelt in [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New Jersey]] in the [[United States presidential election, 1940|1940 presidential election]].<ref>Comegno, Carol. [http://www.southjerseynews.com/battleship/u010600a.htm "Historian details the role politics played in battleship's creation"], ''[[Courier-Post]],'' 6 January 2000. Retrieved 27 May 2007.</ref>
Unlike the other ''Iowa''-class battleships, ''New Jersey'' was named by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] to repay a political debt, to then-New Jersey Governor [[Charles Edison]]. During his time in the Navy department, Edison pushed to build the ''Iowa''s, and to build one at the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]], which secured votes for Roosevelt in [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New Jersey]] in the [[United States presidential election, 1940|1940 presidential election]].<ref>Comegno, Carol. [http://www.southjerseynews.com/battleship/u010600a.htm "Historian details the role politics played in battleship's creation"], ''[[Courier-Post]],'' 6 January 2000. Retrieved 27 May 2007.</ref>
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==Reactivation (1982)==
==Reactivation (1982)==
[[File:New Jersey Modernized.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' in drydock while undergoing modernization]]
[[File:New Jersey Modernized.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' in drydock while undergoing modernization]]
As part of president [[Ronald Reagan]]'s and Navy Secretary [[John Lehman]]'s effort to create a [[600-ship Navy]], ''New Jersey'' was selected for reactivation in the spring of 1981, and she was towed from [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] to [[Long Beach Naval Shipyard]] at the end of July 1981 for modernization/reactivation. At the time of the reactivation the Navy envisioned using ''New Jersey'' and her sister ship ''Iowa'' to meet sustained global requirements and relieve the strain on the Navy created by an increase in U.S. commitments to the Indian Ocean and [[Caribbean Sea]] regions. During this time the Navy developed several proposals to update their battleships to carry cruise missiles and anti-ship missiles, as well as point defense system mounts. Preliminary modernizations schemes included the removal of four of the ten 5&nbsp;inch gun mounts on ''New Jersey'' to make room for the armored box launchers that would be required to carry and launch the BGM-109 Tomahawk missiles.<ref name="GOA1">{{cite web |url=http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format=PDF |title=Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa class battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany |accessdate=2005-05-25 |publisher=[[Government Accountability Office|United States General Accounting Office]] |date=20 April 1981 |pages=3–18}}</ref><ref>At the time ''New Jersey'' was scheduled to undergo modernization the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been introduced for use in the field; however, the Navy announced plans to include the updates that would be needed for ''New Jersey'' to use the Tomahawk system while undergoing her modernization. {{cite web | url =http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | format = PDF |publisher = United States General Accounting Office | accessdate = 2007-06-08 | date = 20 April 1981 }}</ref> At one point the NATO [[Sea Sparrow]] was to be installed on the reactivated battleships; however, it was determined that the system could not withstand the overpressure effects when firing the main battery.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>Statement by Admiral Rowden in the ''Department of Defense Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1982''.</ref>
As part of president [[Ronald Reagan]]'s and Navy Secretary [[John Lehman]]'s effort to create a [[600-ship Navy]], ''New Jersey'' was selected for reactivation in the spring of 1981, and she was towed from [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] to [[Long Beach Naval Shipyard]] at the end of July 1981 for modernization/reactivation. At the time of the reactivation the Navy envisioned using ''New Jersey'' and her sister ship ''Iowa'' to meet sustained global requirements and relieve the strain on the Navy created by an increase in U.S.commitments to the Indian Ocean and [[Caribbean Sea]] regions. During this time the Navy developed several proposals to update their battleships to carry cruise missiles and anti-ship missiles, as well as point defense system mounts. Preliminary modernizations schemes included the removal of four of the ten 5&nbsp;inch gun mounts on ''New Jersey'' to make room for the armored box launchers that would be required to carry and launch the BGM-109 Tomahawk missiles.<ref name="GOA1">{{cite web |url=http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format=PDF |title=Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa class battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany |accessdate=2005-05-25 |publisher=[[Government Accountability Office|United States General Accounting Office]] |date=20 April 1981 |pages=3–18}}</ref><ref>At the time ''New Jersey'' was scheduled to undergo modernization the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been introduced for use in the field; however, the Navy announced plans to include the updates that would be needed for ''New Jersey'' to use the Tomahawk system while undergoing her modernization. {{cite web | url =http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | format = PDF |publisher = United States General Accounting Office | accessdate = 2007-06-08 | date = 20 April 1981 }}</ref> At one point the NATO [[Sea Sparrow]] was to be installed on the reactivated battleships; however, it was determined that the system could not withstand the overpressure effects when firing the main battery.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>Statement by Admiral Rowden in the ''Department of Defense Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1982''.</ref>


''New Jersey''{{'}}s modernization was unique in that she was to be the only reactivated ''Iowa''-class battleship to lose a gun turret. At the time the Navy made the announcement plans were underway to remove ''New Jersey''{{'}}s No. 3 16&nbsp;in gun turret (located aft of the superstructure). In its place the Navy planned to install one of two systems: a [[vertical launch system|vertical launching missile magazine]] which would have enabled ''New Jersey'' to carry an additional 48 Tomahawk or Harpoon missiles, or using the space generated by a removed gun turret for aircraft related updates centering on [[VTOL]] or [[V/STOL]] type aircraft;<ref name="GOA1"/> however these ideas were ultimately dropped, and ''New Jersey'' retained her No. 3 Gun Turret during her 1980s career.
''New Jersey''{{'}}s modernization was unique in that she was to be the only reactivated ''Iowa''-class battleship to lose a gun turret. At the time the Navy made the announcement plans were underway to remove ''New Jersey''{{'}}s No. 3 16&nbsp;in gun turret (located aft of the superstructure). In its place the Navy planned to install one of two systems: a [[vertical launch system|vertical launching missile magazine]] which would have enabled ''New Jersey'' to carry an additional 48 Tomahawk or Harpoon missiles, or using the space generated by a removed gun turret for aircraft related updates centering on [[VTOL]] or [[V/STOL]] type aircraft;<ref name="GOA1"/> however these ideas were ultimately dropped, and ''New Jersey'' retained her No. 3 Gun Turret during her 1980s career.
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Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/>
Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/>


Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon]] and [[Bofors 40mm gun|40&nbsp;mm Bofors]] anti-aircraft guns removed, and received improved electronic warfare capabilities. This alteration helped reduce the time it took get ''New Jersey'' recommissioned: since she was not in her World War II format the only major physical alteration to ''New Jersey'' involved the removal of four of her ten 5&nbsp;inch gun mounts to make room for the Armored Box Launchers.<ref name="FAS Iowa">{{cite web | title = BB-61 IOWA-class (Specifications)|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/bb-61.htm |publisher=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref><ref>By comparison ''Iowa'', ''Missouri'', and ''Wisconsin'' had to be stripped of their 20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon and 40&nbsp;mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns, in addition to the removal of four of their ten 5&nbsp;in guns.</ref> In addition to saving time, this also made ''New Jersey'' cheaper to reactivate since the cost needed to modernize the battleship only included the addition of missile and gun system mounts, electronic warfare suites, and improved radar and gun spotter technology.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>The estimated cost of reactivating ''New Jersey'' with her gun turrets intact was ,26 million, vs the estimated ,92 million to reactivate ''Iowa''. {{cite web | url = http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format = PDF | publisher = United States General Accounting Office | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | date = 20 April 1981| accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref>
Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon]] and [[Bofors 40mm gun|40&nbsp;mm Bofors]] anti-aircraft guns removed, and received improved electronic warfare capabilities. This alteration helped reduce the time it took get ''New Jersey'' recommissioned: since she was not in her World War II format the only major physical alteration to ''New Jersey'' involved the removal of four of her ten 5&nbsp;inch gun mounts to make room for the Armored Box Launchers.<ref name="FAS Iowa">{{cite web | title = BB-61 IOWA-class (Specifications)|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/bb-61.htm |publisher=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref><ref>By comparison ''Iowa'', ''Missouri'', and ''Wisconsin'' had to be stripped of their 20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon and 40&nbsp;mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns, in addition to the removal of four of their ten 5&nbsp;in guns.</ref> In addition to saving time, this also made ''New Jersey'' cheaper to reactivate since the cost needed to modernize the battleship only included the addition of missile and gun system mounts, electronic warfare suites, and improved radar and gun spotter technology.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>The estimated cost of reactivating ''New Jersey'' with her gun turrets intact was,26 million, vs the estimated,92 million to reactivate ''Iowa''. {{cite web | url = http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format = PDF | publisher = United States General Accounting Office | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | date = 20 April 1981| accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref>


Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/>
Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/>
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam gallantry cross unit award-3d.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=Phliber rib.png|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=Phliber rib.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United Nations Korea Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United Nations Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|width=106}}
|} </center>
|} </center>
Baris 380: Baris 381:


== Pustaka ==
== Pustaka ==
* [[:en:Hans Christian Adamson|Adamson, Hans Christian]], and George Francis Kosco. ''Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet.'' New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.
* [[Hans Christian Adamson|Adamson, Hans Christian]], and [[George Francis Kosco]]. ''Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet.'' New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.
* Calhoun, C. Raymond. ''Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944''. ©1981.
* Calhoun, C. Raymond. ''Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944''. ©1981.
* Comegno, Carol. ''The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth''. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9
* Comegno, Carol. ''The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth''. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9
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<!--Note: the general style guide for this page is: 1) do not to add external links to this section if they already appear in the notes sections, and 2) do not add links that don't deal primarily with the specific ship that is the subject of this article. If you're not sure if link fits this page, you should probably ask first at the talk page. You don't HAVE to follow any of these suggestions, but if you don't your contribution may be declined. -->
<!--Note: the general style guide for this page is: 1) do not to add external links to this section if they already appear in the notes sections, and 2) do not add links that don't deal primarily with the specific ship that is the subject of this article. If you're not sure if link fits this page, you should probably ask first at the talk page. You don't HAVE to follow any of these suggestions, but if you don't your contribution may be declined. -->
{{Commons and category|USS New Jersey (BB-62)|USS New Jersey (BB-62)}}
{{Commons and category|USS New Jersey (BB-62)|USS New Jersey (BB-62)}}
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS ''New Jersey'']
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS ''New Jersey''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028081621/http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm |date=2007-10-28 }}
* [http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/ Battleship New Jersey museum]
* [http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/ Battleship New Jersey museum]
* [http://www.nj2bb.org/ Battleship New Jersey Amateur Radio Station]
* [http://www.nj2bb.org/ Battleship New Jersey Amateur Radio Station]
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_new_jersey_bb62.htm Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_new_jersey_bb62.htm Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html USS New Jersey] Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey
* [http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html USS New Jersey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220171001/http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html |date=2020-02-20 }} Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey
* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey]
* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731202557/http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm |date=2013-07-31 }}
* [http://ww2db.com/photo.php?source=all&color=all&list=search&foreigntype=S&foreigntype_id=6 WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey], date range 1943–2004
* [http://ww2db.com/photo.php?source=all&color=all&list=search&foreigntype=S&foreigntype_id=6 WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey], date range 1943–2004
* [http://www.hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. ''New Jersey'' (BB-62), Iowa Class], hosted by the [http://www.hnsa.org/ Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections]
* [http://www.hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. ''New Jersey'' (BB-62), Iowa Class] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405084644/http://hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm |date=2010-04-05 }}, hosted by the [http://www.hnsa.org/ Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections]


{{Kapal tempur kelas Iowa}}
{{Kapal tempur kelas Iowa}}

Revisi terkini sejak 20 April 2024 10.16

USS New Jersey (BB-62)
USS New Jersey
USS New Jersey berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985.
Sejarah
Amerika Serikat
Asal nama New Jersey
Dipesan 1 Juli 1939
Pembangun Philadelphia Naval Shipyard
Pasang lunas 16 September 1940
Diluncurkan 7 Desember 1942
Sponsor Carolyn Edison
Mulai berlayar 23 Mei 1943
Dipensiunkan 30 Juni 1948
Berlayar kembali 21 November 1950
Dipensiunkan 21 Agustus 1957
Berlayar kembali 6 April 1968
Dipensiunkan 17 Desember 1969
Berlayar kembali 28 Desember 1982
Dipensiunkan 8 Februari 1991
Dicoret 4 Januari 1999
Motto "Firepower for Freedom"[1]
Julukan "Big J"[1]
Penghargaan 19 Bintang jasa
Status Kapal museum di Camden, New Jersey
Catatan Kapal tempur dengan hiasan terbanyak sepanjang sejarah AL AS
Lencana
Ciri-ciri umum
Kelas dan jenis Kapal tempur kelas-Iowa
Berat benaman 58000 tons
Panjang 887 ft 7 in (270,54 m)
Lebar 108,2 ft (33,0 m)
Sarat air 28,9 ft (8,8 m)
Kecepatan 33 knot (61 km/h)
Awak kapal 1.921 opsir dan anak buah
Sensor dan
sistem pemroses		 AN/SPS-49 Air Search Radar
AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar
AN/SPQ-9 Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar
Peralatan perang
elektronik dan tipuan		 AN/SLQ-32
AN/SLQ-25 Nixie Decoy System
8 × Mark 36 SRBOC Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers
Senjata 1943:
9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns
20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns
80 × 40 mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns
49 × 20 mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns
1968:
9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns
20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns
1982:
9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns
12 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns
32 × BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles
16 × RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles
4 × 20 mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS
Pelindung Sabuk: 121 in (3.100 mm)
Bulkhead: 113 in (2.900 mm)
Barbet: 116 hingga 173 in (2.900 hingga 4.400 mm)
Turet senjata: 197 in (5.000 mm)
Geladak: 75 in (1.900 mm)
Pesawat yang
diangkut		 1943:3 pesawat apung Vought OS2U Kingfisher
1982:
4 helikopter
Fasilitas penerbangan 1943:2 katapel pesawat terbang
1982:
Geladak biasa
USS New Jersey (BB-62) pada tahun  2007

USS New Jersey (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"[2]) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian New Jersey. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di Guam dan Okinawa, dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat

Seorang awak kapal berjaga pada salah satu senjata anti-pesawat udara pada New Jersey', melihat sebuah pesawat terbang kamikaze Jepang menyerang Intrepid.
Pemandangan dek USS New Jersey pada tambatannya di Camden. Kapal perang ini disumbangkan kepada Home Port Alliance of Camden, New Jersey, untuk dipakai sebagai museum kapal perang.
USS New Jersey pada tambatannya di Camden pada malam hari, Sept 2010.

Secretary of the Navy Richard Danzig mengumumkan pada tanggal 20 Januari 2000,[3] dan pada tanggal 15 Oktober 2000 New Jersey tiba di tempat peristirahatan terakhirnya di Camden Waterfront.[4]

Penghargaan

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Di antara penghargaan yang diterimanya, New Jersey dianugerahi Navy Unit Commendation untuk misi Vietnam, Presidential Unit Citation dari Republic of the Philippines, dan Presidential Unit Citation dari Republic of Korea. Selain itu, kapal ini memperoleh sembilan bintang pertempuran dari misi Perang Dunia II, empat untuk misi Perang Korea, dua untuk misi Perang Vietnam, dan empat untuk misi di Libanon dan wilayah Teluk Persia.[5] Berkat sejarah misi yang luar biasa, New Jersey merupakan kapal perang yang paling banyak mendapat penghargaan dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.[4]

Gold star
Bronze star
Silver star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star
Combat Action Ribbon w/ 1 award star Navy Unit Commendation w/ 1 service star Navy E Ribbon w/ 2 Battle E devices Navy Expeditionary Medal
China Service Medal American Campaign Medal Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 9 service stars World War II Victory Medal
Navy Occupation Service Medal National Defense Service Medal w/ 2 service stars Korean Service Medal w/ 4 service stars Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal w/ 1 service star
Vietnam Service Medal w/ 3 service stars Navy Sea Service Deployment Ribbon w/ 3 service stars Philippine Presidential Unit Citation Korean Presidential Unit Citation
Vietnam Gallantry Cross unit citation Philippine Liberation Medal w/ 2 service stars United Nations Korea Medal Vietnam Campaign Medal

Lihat pula

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Referensi

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  1. ^ a b "An Act providing for the issuance of Battleship U.S.S. New Jersey license plates ..." (PDF). NJ state library. 1995-09-12. 
  2. ^ "Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions". Battleship New Jersey. Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial. 2014-10-28. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-29. Diakses tanggal 2014-10-27. 
  3. ^ "SECNAV announces the Battleship New Jersey donation" (Siaran pers). Office of Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs). 20 January 2000. Diakses tanggal 2005-05-26. 
  4. ^ a b "USS New Jersey Veterans Inc". USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. Diakses tanggal 2005-05-26. 
  5. ^ Battleship "Battle Record of the USS New Jersey" Periksa nilai |url= (bantuan). USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. Diakses tanggal 19 April 2015. 

Pustaka

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  • Adamson, Hans Christian, and George Francis Kosco. Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet. New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.
  • Calhoun, C. Raymond. Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944. ©1981.
  • Comegno, Carol. The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9
  • Artikel ini mengandung teks dari Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships yang berstatus domain umum. Entrinya bisa ditemukan di sini.
  • Hoyt, Edwin Palmer. The Typhoon that Stopped a War. New York: D. McKay Co., 1968.
  • Naval Historical Foundation. The Navy. Hugh Lauter Levin Associates. ISBN 0-88363-100-8
  • Paul Chan, Ian and McAuley, Rob. The Battleships. Channel 4 Books, London ISBN 0-7522-6188-6
  • Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet. (2001 Naval Institute Press); ISBN 1-55750-656-6

Pranala luar

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