Pertempuran Gazala: Perbedaan antara revisi
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| combatant1 = {{flag|Britania Raya}} |
| combatant1 = {{flag|Britania Raya}} |
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* {{flagicon|India Britania}} [[Kemaharajaan Britania|India Britania]] |
* {{flagicon|India Britania}} [[Kemaharajaan Britania|India Britania]] |
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{{flagicon|Afrika Selatan|1928}} [[Uni Afrika Selatan|Afrika Selatan]]<br />{{flag|Pasukan |
{{flagicon|Afrika Selatan|1928}} [[Uni Afrika Selatan|Afrika Selatan]]<br />{{flag|Pasukan Prancis Bebas|name=Prancis Bebas}} |
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| combatant2 = {{flagcountry|Jerman Nazi}}<br />{{flagcountry|Kerajaan Italia}} |
| combatant2 = {{flagcountry|Jerman Nazi}}<br />{{flagcountry|Kerajaan Italia}} |
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| commander1 = {{flagicon|Britania Raya}} [[Claude Auchinleck]]<br />{{flagicon|Britania Raya}} [[Neil Ritchie]] |
| commander1 = {{flagicon|Britania Raya}} [[Claude Auchinleck]]<br />{{flagicon|Britania Raya}} [[Neil Ritchie]] |
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;Buku |
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* {{cite book|first=Niall|last=Barr|title=Pendulum of War: The Three Battles of El Alamein|publisher=Overlook|edition=|location=Woodstock NY|year=2005|isbn=1-58567-738-8}} |
* {{cite book|first=Niall|last=Barr|title=Pendulum of War: The Three Battles of El Alamein|publisher=Overlook|edition=|location=Woodstock NY|year=2005|isbn=1-58567-738-8}} |
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* {{cite book|first1=John|last1=Bierman|last2=Smith|first2=Colin|title=Alamein; War Without Hate|publisher=Penguin Books|location=New York|orig-year=2002|year=2003|isbn=0-670-91109-7}} |
* {{cite book|first1=John|last1=Bierman|last2=Smith|first2=Colin|title=Alamein; War Without Hate|url=https://archive.org/details/alameinwarwithou0000bier|publisher=Penguin Books|location=New York|orig-year=2002|year=2003|isbn=0-670-91109-7}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Michael|last=Carver|authorlink=Michael Carver|title=Tobruk|publisher=[[Pan Books]]|edition=|location=London|year=1964|isbn=0-330-23376-9}} |
* {{cite book|first=Michael|last=Carver|authorlink=Michael Carver|title=Tobruk|url=https://archive.org/details/tobruk0000carv|publisher=[[Pan Books]]|edition=|location=London|year=1964|isbn=0-330-23376-9}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Michael|last=Carver|authorlink=Michael Carver|title=Tobruk|publisher=[[Baldini e Castoldi]]|edition=|location=Milano|year=1966|oclc=879879855}} |
* {{cite book|first=Michael|last=Carver|authorlink=Michael Carver|title=Tobruk|publisher=[[Baldini e Castoldi]]|edition=|location=Milano|year=1966|oclc=879879855}} |
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* {{cite book|title=Three Against Rommel: The Campaigns of Wavell, Auchinleck and Alexander|first=Alexander|last=Clifford|authorlink=Alexander Clifford|year=1943|publisher=Harrap|location=London|oclc=186758297}} |
* {{cite book|title=Three Against Rommel: The Campaigns of Wavell, Auchinleck and Alexander|first=Alexander|last=Clifford|authorlink=Alexander Clifford|year=1943|publisher=Harrap|location=London|oclc=186758297}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Creveld|first=M. van|authorlink=Martin van Creveld|title=Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton|year=1977|location=Cambridge|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=0-521-29793-1}} |
* {{cite book|last=Creveld|first=M. van|authorlink=Martin van Creveld|title=Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton|url=https://archive.org/details/supplyingwarlogi0000vanc|year=1977|location=Cambridge|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=0-521-29793-1}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Chris|last=Ellis|title=21st Panzer Division: Rommel's Afrika Korps Spearhead|publisher=Ian Allen|edition=|location=Shepperton|year=2001|isbn=0-7110-2853-2}} |
* {{cite book|first=Chris|last=Ellis|title=21st Panzer Division: Rommel's Afrika Korps Spearhead|publisher=Ian Allen|edition=|location=Shepperton|year=2001|isbn=0-7110-2853-2}} |
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* {{cite book|first=David|last=French|title=Raising Churchill's Army: The British Army and the War against Germany 1939–1945|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2000|isbn=0-19-820641-0}} |
* {{cite book|first=David|last=French|title=Raising Churchill's Army: The British Army and the War against Germany 1939–1945|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2000|isbn=0-19-820641-0}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Ken|last=Ford|title=Gazala 1942: Rommel's Greatest Victory|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|year=2005|isbn=978-1-84603-264-6}} |
* {{cite book|first=Ken|last=Ford|title=Gazala 1942: Rommel's Greatest Victory|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|year=2005|isbn=978-1-84603-264-6}} |
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* {{cite book|last1=Greene|first=J.|last2=Massignani|first2=A.|title=Rommel's North Africa Campaign: September 1940 – November 1942|year=1994|publisher=Combined Books|location=Conshohocken, PA|isbn=0-58519-391-6}} |
* {{cite book|last1=Greene|first=J.|last2=Massignani|first2=A.|title=Rommel's North Africa Campaign: September 1940 – November 1942|year=1994|publisher=Combined Books|location=Conshohocken, PA|isbn=0-58519-391-6}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Hoffman|first=Karl|title=Erwin Rommel|year=2004|publisher=Brassey's|location=London|isbn=1-85753-374-7}} |
* {{cite book|last=Hoffman|first=Karl|title=Erwin Rommel|url=https://archive.org/details/erwinrommel0000hoff|year=2004|publisher=Brassey's|location=London|isbn=1-85753-374-7}} |
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* {{cite book|last1=Hinsley|first1=F. H.|last2=Thomas|first2=E. E.|last3=Ransom|first3=C. F. G.|last4=Knight|first4=R. C.|series=History of the Second World War|title=British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its Influence on Strategy and Operations|volume=II|location=London|publisher=[[HMSO]]|year=1981|isbn=0-11-630934-2}} |
* {{cite book|last1=Hinsley|first1=F. H.|last2=Thomas|first2=E. E.|last3=Ransom|first3=C. F. G.|last4=Knight|first4=R. C.|series=History of the Second World War|title=British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its Influence on Strategy and Operations|volume=II|location=London|publisher=[[HMSO]]|year=1981|isbn=0-11-630934-2}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Lewin|first=Ronald|year=1998|orig-year=1968|title=Rommel As Military Commander|publisher=B&N Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-7607-0861-3}} |
* {{cite book|last=Lewin|first=Ronald|year=1998|orig-year=1968|title=Rommel As Military Commander|url=https://archive.org/details/rommelasmilitary0000lewi|publisher=B&N Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-7607-0861-3}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Compton|last=Mackenzie|authorlink=Compton Mackenzie|title=Eastern Epic|publisher=Chatto & Windus|location=London|year=1951|oclc=1412578}} |
* {{cite book|first=Compton|last=Mackenzie|authorlink=Compton Mackenzie|title=Eastern Epic|publisher=Chatto & Windus|location=London|year=1951|oclc=1412578}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Marshall|first=Charles F.|title=The Rommel Murder: The Life and Death of the Desert Fox|publisher=Stackpole Books|location=Mechanicsburg, PA|year=2002|orig-year=1994|isbn=0-8117-2472-7}} |
* {{cite book|last=Marshall|first=Charles F.|title=The Rommel Murder: The Life and Death of the Desert Fox|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveringromme0000char|publisher=Stackpole Books|location=Mechanicsburg, PA|year=2002|orig-year=1994|isbn=0-8117-2472-7}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Richard|last=Mead|title=Churchill's Lions: A Biographical Guide to the Key British Generals of World War II|year=2007|publisher=Spellmount|location=Stroud (UK)|isbn=978-1-86227-431-0}} |
* {{cite book|first=Richard|last=Mead|title=Churchill's Lions: A Biographical Guide to the Key British Generals of World War II|year=2007|publisher=Spellmount|location=Stroud (UK)|isbn=978-1-86227-431-0}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Friedrich von|last=Mellenthin|authorlink=Friedrich von Mellenthin|title=Panzer Battles: 1939–1945: A Study of the Use of Armor in the Second World War|publisher=[[Ballantine Books]]|year=1971|location=New York|origyear=1956|isbn=0-345-24440-0}} |
* {{cite book|first=Friedrich von|last=Mellenthin|authorlink=Friedrich von Mellenthin|title=Panzer Battles: 1939–1945: A Study of the Use of Armor in the Second World War|url=https://archive.org/details/panzerbattlesstu0000mell_l8y2|publisher=[[Ballantine Books]]|year=1971|location=New York|origyear=1956|isbn=0-345-24440-0}} |
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* {{cite book|last=Mitcham|first=S.|title=Rommel's Lieutenants: The Men who Served the Desert Fox, France, 1940|publisher=Praeger Security International|location=Westport, CN|year=2007|isbn=0-27599-185-7}} |
* {{cite book|last=Mitcham|first=S.|title=Rommel's Lieutenants: The Men who Served the Desert Fox, France, 1940|url=https://archive.org/details/rommelslieutenan0000mitc|publisher=Praeger Security International|location=Westport, CN|year=2007|isbn=0-27599-185-7}} |
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* {{cite book|first1=Andrea|last1=Molinari|last2=Anderson|first2=Duncan|title=Desert Raiders: Axis and Allied Special Forces 1940–43|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|year=2007|isbn=1-84603-006-4}} |
* {{cite book|first1=Andrea|last1=Molinari|last2=Anderson|first2=Duncan|title=Desert Raiders: Axis and Allied Special Forces 1940–43|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|year=2007|isbn=1-84603-006-4}} |
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* {{cite book|first=Mario|last=Montanari|authorlink=|series=Le operazioni in Africa Settentrionale|volume=III|title=El Alamein (gennaio – novembre 1942)|trans_title=El Alamein (January–November 1942)|language=Italian|publisher=Stato Maggiore dell'esercito, Ufficio Storico|edition=|location=Roma|year=1993|oclc=313319483}} |
* {{cite book|first=Mario|last=Montanari|authorlink=|series=Le operazioni in Africa Settentrionale|volume=III|title=El Alamein (gennaio – novembre 1942)|trans_title=El Alamein (January–November 1942)|language=Italian|publisher=Stato Maggiore dell'esercito, Ufficio Storico|edition=|location=Roma|year=1993|oclc=313319483}} |
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Baris 62: | Baris 62: | ||
* [https://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_gazala.htm Battle of Gazala] |
* [https://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_gazala.htm Battle of Gazala] |
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* [https://www.ibiblio.org/pha/policy/1942/420702a.html Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons Official Report 2 July 1942] |
* [https://www.ibiblio.org/pha/policy/1942/420702a.html Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons Official Report 2 July 1942] |
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* [https://www.historyanimated.com/wwiianimated.com/index.php/el-alemein Animated Map of Battle of Gazala] |
* [https://www.historyanimated.com/wwiianimated.com/index.php/el-alemein Animated Map of Battle of Gazala] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107132614/http://www.historyanimated.com/wwiianimated.com/index.php/el-alemein |date=2016-01-07 }} |
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* [https://www.theartofbattle.com/battle-of-gazala-1942 Battle of Gazala animated battle map Mark Cannon] |
* [https://www.theartofbattle.com/battle-of-gazala-1942 Battle of Gazala animated battle map Mark Cannon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113091646/http://www.theartofbattle.com/battle-of-gazala-1942/ |date=2016-01-13 }} |
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{{Perang Dunia II}} |
{{Perang Dunia II}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Gazala, Pertempuran}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gazala, Pertempuran}} |
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[[Kategori:Konflik |
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1942]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 10 September 2024 08.20
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Pertempuran Gazala (di dekat kota modern Ayn al Ghazālah) adalah sebuah pertarungan yang terjadi saat Kampanye Gurun Barat pada Perang Dunia Kedua, di sekitaran pelabuhan Tobruk di Libya dari 26 Mei sampai 21 Juni 1942. Kombatan pada pihak Blok Poros adalah Panzerarmee Afrika (Kolonel-Jenderal Erwin Rommel), yang terdiri dari unit Jerman dan Italia dan pasukan Sekutu dari Tentara Kedelapan (Letnan-Jenderal Neil Ritchie) dibawah pimpinan Ketua Komandan Timur Tengah, Jenderal Sir Claude Auchinleck.
Daftar pustaka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Buku
- Barr, Niall (2005). Pendulum of War: The Three Battles of El Alamein. Woodstock NY: Overlook. ISBN 1-58567-738-8.
- Bierman, John; Smith, Colin (2003) [2002]. Alamein; War Without Hate. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-670-91109-7.
- Carver, Michael (1964). Tobruk. London: Pan Books. ISBN 0-330-23376-9.
- Carver, Michael (1966). Tobruk. Milano: Baldini e Castoldi. OCLC 879879855.
- Clifford, Alexander (1943). Three Against Rommel: The Campaigns of Wavell, Auchinleck and Alexander. London: Harrap. OCLC 186758297.
- Creveld, M. van (1977). Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29793-1.
- Ellis, Chris (2001). 21st Panzer Division: Rommel's Afrika Korps Spearhead. Shepperton: Ian Allen. ISBN 0-7110-2853-2.
- French, David (2000). Raising Churchill's Army: The British Army and the War against Germany 1939–1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820641-0.
- Ford, Ken (2005). Gazala 1942: Rommel's Greatest Victory. Oxford: Osprey. ISBN 978-1-84603-264-6.
- Greene, J.; Massignani, A. (1994). Rommel's North Africa Campaign: September 1940 – November 1942. Conshohocken, PA: Combined Books. ISBN 0-58519-391-6.
- Hoffman, Karl (2004). Erwin Rommel. London: Brassey's. ISBN 1-85753-374-7.
- Hinsley, F. H.; Thomas, E. E.; Ransom, C. F. G.; Knight, R. C. (1981). British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its Influence on Strategy and Operations. History of the Second World War. II. London: HMSO. ISBN 0-11-630934-2.
- Lewin, Ronald (1998) [1968]. Rommel As Military Commander. New York: B&N Books. ISBN 978-0-7607-0861-3.
- Mackenzie, Compton (1951). Eastern Epic. London: Chatto & Windus. OCLC 1412578.
- Marshall, Charles F. (2002) [1994]. The Rommel Murder: The Life and Death of the Desert Fox. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-2472-7.
- Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions: A Biographical Guide to the Key British Generals of World War II. Stroud (UK): Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0.
- Mellenthin, Friedrich von (1971) [1956]. Panzer Battles: 1939–1945: A Study of the Use of Armor in the Second World War. New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-24440-0.
- Mitcham, S. (2007). Rommel's Lieutenants: The Men who Served the Desert Fox, France, 1940. Westport, CN: Praeger Security International. ISBN 0-27599-185-7.
- Molinari, Andrea; Anderson, Duncan (2007). Desert Raiders: Axis and Allied Special Forces 1940–43. Oxford: Osprey. ISBN 1-84603-006-4.
- Montanari, Mario (1993). El Alamein (gennaio – novembre 1942). Le operazioni in Africa Settentrionale (dalam bahasa Italian). III. Roma: Stato Maggiore dell'esercito, Ufficio Storico. OCLC 313319483.
- Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; with Flynn, Captain F. C. RN; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2004) [1960 HMSO]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. III. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-67-X.
- Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; with Flynn, Captain F. C. RN; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2004) [1966 HMSO]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Destruction of the Axis Forces in Africa. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. IV. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 978-184574-068-9.
- Rommel, Erwin (1953). Liddell Hart, B. H., ed. The Rommel Papers (edisi ke-1982). New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-80157-0.
- Situs web
- "The History of the British 7th Armoured Division: The Desert Rats: Engagements 1942". May–June 1942. Diakses tanggal 13 March 2015.
- Toppe, Generalmajor Alfred (1990) [~1947]. "German Experiences in Desert Warfare During World War II" (PDF). Washington: U.S. Marine Corps. FMFRP 12-96-II. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2 December 2007. Diakses tanggal 1 December 2007.
Bacaan tambahan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Dando, N. (2014). The Impact of Terrain on British Operations and Doctrine in North Africa 1940–1943 (Tesis PhD). Plymouth University. OCLC 885436735. https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk//handle/10026.1/3035. Diakses pada 25 March 2015.
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Battle of Gazala.
- German Experiences during The Battle of Gazala
- Fact file: Battle of Gazala WW2 People's War. BBC
- Battle of Gazala
- Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons Official Report 2 July 1942
- Animated Map of Battle of Gazala Diarsipkan 2016-01-07 di Wayback Machine.
- Battle of Gazala animated battle map Mark Cannon Diarsipkan 2016-01-13 di Wayback Machine.