Bernard Montgomery: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|branch= [[Angkatan Bersenjata Britania Raya]] |
|branch= [[Angkatan Bersenjata Britania Raya]] |
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|serviceyears= 1908–1958 |
|serviceyears= 1908–1958 |
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|rank= [[ |
|rank= [[Marsekal Lapangan]] |
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|servicenumber= 8742 |
|servicenumber= 8742 |
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|unit= [[Resimen Kerajaan Warwickshire]] |
|unit= [[Resimen Kerajaan Warwickshire]] |
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Baris 26: | Baris 26: | ||
* [[Invasi Normandia]] (1944)<br />[[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|Eighth Army]] (1942–43)<br />[[Aldershot Command|South-Eastern Command]] (1941–42)<br />[[XII Corps (United Kingdom)|XII Corps]] (1941)<br />[[V Corps (United Kingdom)|V Corps]] (1940–41)<br />[[II Corps (United Kingdom)|II Corps]] (1940)<br />[[3rd Division (United Kingdom)|3rd Infantry Division]] (1939–40)<br />[[8th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|8th Infantry Division]] (1938–39)<br />[[9th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|9th Infantry Brigade]] (1937–38)<br />1st Battalion, [[Royal Warwickshire Regiment]] (1931–34)<br />17th (Service) Battalion, [[Royal Fusiliers]] (1919) |
* [[Invasi Normandia]] (1944)<br />[[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|Eighth Army]] (1942–43)<br />[[Aldershot Command|South-Eastern Command]] (1941–42)<br />[[XII Corps (United Kingdom)|XII Corps]] (1941)<br />[[V Corps (United Kingdom)|V Corps]] (1940–41)<br />[[II Corps (United Kingdom)|II Corps]] (1940)<br />[[3rd Division (United Kingdom)|3rd Infantry Division]] (1939–40)<br />[[8th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|8th Infantry Division]] (1938–39)<br />[[9th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|9th Infantry Brigade]] (1937–38)<br />1st Battalion, [[Royal Warwickshire Regiment]] (1931–34)<br />17th (Service) Battalion, [[Royal Fusiliers]] (1919) |
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|battles= |
|battles= |
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* [[Perang Dunia Pertama]] |
* [[Perang Dunia Pertama]] |
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* [[Perang Kemerdekaan Irlandia]] |
* [[Perang Kemerdekaan Irlandia]] |
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* [[Pemberontakan Arab di Palestina 1936–1939]] |
* [[Pemberontakan Arab di Palestina 1936–1939]] |
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* [[Perang Dunia Kedua]] |
* [[Perang Dunia Kedua]] |
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* [[Pertempuran Prancis]] |
* [[Pertempuran Prancis]] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Montgomery, Bernard }} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Montgomery, Bernard }} |
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[[Kategori:Tokoh Britania Raya]] |
[[Kategori:Tokoh Britania Raya]] |
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Revisi terkini sejak 28 November 2022 01.42
The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein | |
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![]() Montgomery pada tahun 1943 | |
Julukan | "Monty" "The Spartan General" |
Lahir | Kennington, Surrey, Inggris | 17 November 1887
Meninggal | 24 Maret 1976 Alton, Hampshire, Inggris | (umur 88)
Dikebumikan | Holy Cross Churchyard, Binsted, Hampshire |
Pengabdian | Britania Raya |
Dinas/cabang | Angkatan Bersenjata Britania Raya |
Lama dinas | 1908–1958 |
Pangkat | Marsekal Lapangan |
NRP | 8742 |
Kesatuan | Resimen Kerajaan Warwickshire |
Komandan |
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Perang/pertempuran | |
Penghargaan | Knight of the Order of the Garter Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Distinguished Service Order Mentioned in Despatches (9) |
Pasangan | Betty Carver
(m. 1927; meninggal 1937) |
Pekerjaan lain | Colonel Commandant, Royal Tank Regiment Colonel Commandant, Parachute Regiment (−1956)[1] Representative Colonel Commandant, Royal Armoured Corps (1947–57)[2][3] Colonel Commandant, Army Physical Training Corps (1946–60)[4][5] Colonel Royal Warwickshire Regiment (1947–63)[6][7] Deputy Lieutenant of Southampton (1958–)[8] |
Tanda tangan | ![]() |
Marsekal lapangan Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, KG, GCB, DSO, PC, DL (/məntˈɡʌməri ... ˈæləmeɪn/; 17 November 1887 – 24 March 1976), nicknamed "Monty" and "The Spartan General",[10] Adalah seorang perwira Angkatan Darat Britania Raya. Ia menjadi terkenal karena berhasil memimpin pasukan Sekutu dalam Pertempuran El Alamein, sebuah pertempuran penting pada Perang Dunia II, di mana pasukannya berhasil mengusir pasukan Blok Poros dari Afrika Utara yang dipimpin oleh Jenderal Erwin Rommel. Ia lalu menjadi komandan penting di Front Italia dan Eropa Barat, di mana ia mengkomandani seluruh pasukan darat Sekutu pada Invasi Normandia.
Perang Dunia I (1914 - 1919)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Monty berperang pertama kali dalam Perang Dunia I sebagai perwira muda di The Royal Warwickshire Regiment. Di Méteren, dekat perbatasan Belgia di Bailleul, dia tertembak hingga tembus ke paru-paru kanannya oleh penembak jitu (sniper). Dia kembali ke Front Barat sebagai staff umum jenderal dan berperang dalam Pertempuran Arras pada April/Mei 1917. Dia juga terlibat dalam Pertempuran Passchendaele pada musim gugur 1917 sebelum naik pangkat sebagai kepala staf 47th (2nd London) Division di akhir perang.
Masa di Antara Perang Dunia (1919 - 1939)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Pada masa di antara Perang Dunia, Monty memimpin 17th Batalion of the Royal Fusiliers, dan kemudian 1st Batalion of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment sebelum menjabat Komandan 9th Infantry Brigade dan Komandan Jenderal (General Commanding Officer) 8th Infantry Division.
Perang Dunia II (1939 - 1945)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Selama Perang Dunia II, dia memimpin 8th Army sejak Agustus 1942 di Gurun Pasir Barat hingga kemenangan akhir Sekutu di Tunisia. Kepemimpinannya termasuk Pertempuran El Alamein, titik balik Kampanye Gurun Barat. Dia tetap memimpin 8th Army selama Invasi Sekutu ke Sisilia dan Italia.
Dia memimpin kekuatan darat Sekutu selama Operasi Overlord sejak pendaratan awal hingga usai Pertempuran Normandia. Dia melanjutkan kepemimpinannya di 21th Army Group sepanjang kampanye di Eropa Barat Laut. Dia juga menjadi komandan lapangan utama saat upaya pendaratan pasukan lintas udara (airborne) yang gagal di jembatan Sungai Rhine di Arnhem, Belanda dan penyeberangan pasukan Sekutu di sungai itu. Pada 4 Mei 1945, dia menerima penyerahan Jerman Lüneburg Heath di Jerman Utara. Usai perang, Monty dipromosikan sebagai Panglima Angkatan Darat Inggris di Rhine (Commander-in-Chief of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR)) di Jerman dan selanjutnya, Kepala Staf Umum Kerajaan (Chief of the Imperial General Staff).
- ^ "No. 40729". The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 March 1956. hlm. 1504.
- ^ "No. 37983". The London Gazette (Supplement). 10 June 1947. hlm. 2663.
- ^ "No. 41182". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 September 1957. hlm. 5545.
- ^ "No. 37589". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 May 1946. hlm. 2665.
- ^ "No. 42240". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 December 1960. hlm. 24.
- ^ "No. 37826". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 December 1946. hlm. 6236.
- ^ "No. 43160". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 November 1963. hlm. 9424.
- ^ "No. 41599". The London Gazette. 6 January 1959. hlm. 166.
- ^ "Viscount Montgomery of Alamein". Desert Island Discs. 20 December 1969. BBC Radio 4. Diakses tanggal 18 January 2014.
- ^ Various Authors (1969). Illustrated Story of World War II. The Reader's Digest Association. hlm. 284. ISBN 978-0-89577-029-5.