Pāṇini: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox philosopher |
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| ⚫ | '''Pāṇini''' ([[aksara |
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| name = Pāṇini |
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| image = Birch bark MS from Kashmir of the Rupavatra Wellcome L0032691.jpg |
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| caption = [[Naskah kulit kayu betula]] abad ke-17 dari risalah tata bahasa oleh Pāṇini dari Kashmir |
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| native_name = {{lang-sa|पाणिनि}} |
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| era = kira-kira abad ke-4 SM;{{sfn|Vergiani|2017|p=243, n.4}}{{sfn|Bronkhorst|2016|p=171}}{{sfn|Houben|2009|p=6}};<br/>kira-kira 400–350 SM{{sfn|Cardona|1997|p=268}};<br/>kira-kira abad ke-6–5 SM{{sfn|Staal|1996|p=39}}{{sfn|Scharfe|1977|p=88}} |
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| region = [[Subbenua India]] barat laut {{efn|Menurut George Cardonna, kemungkinan Pāṇini berasal dari Salatura di bagian barat laut anak benua India.{{sfn|Cardona|1997|p=268}} Mungkin di [[Gandhara]] purba.{{sfn|Staal|1965}}}} |
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| main_interests = [[Tata bahasa]], [[linguistik]] |
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| notable_works = ''{{IAST|Aṣṭādhyāyī}}'' ([[Bahasa Sanskerta|Bahasa Sanskerta Klasik]]) |
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}} |
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{{Quote box |
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|quote = '''Ahli bahasa terhebat zaman kuno'''<br/> |
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Pāṇini.. adalah ahli bahasa terhebat pada zaman kuno, dan pantas diperlakukan seperti itu. |
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|source = — JF Staal, ahli bahasa Sanskerta{{sfn|Staal|1972|p=xi}} |
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|width = 28% |
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|bgcolor=#FFE0BB |
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|align = right |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Pāṇini''' ([[aksara Dewanagari]]: पाणिन ; [[IPA]] pɑːɳɪn̪ɪ) adalah seorang ahli bahasa dari [[Gandhara]] yang diperkirakan hidup antara [[abad ke-7 SM]] sampai [[abad ke-3 SM]]. Ia terutama termasyhur karena yang pertama kali menulis tentang [[bahasa Sanskerta|tata bahasa Sanskerta]] yang berjudul [[Ashtadhyayi|Aṣṭādhyāyī]]. Karyanya ini memuat 3.959 hukum bahasa Sanskerta. |
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== Catatan == |
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== Referensi == |
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=== Catatan kaki === |
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{{reflist}} |
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=== Daftar pustaka === |
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{{refbegin}} |
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*Bhate, S. and Kak, S. (1993) Panini and Computer Science. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, vol. 72, pp. 79–94. |
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* {{Citation | last =Bod | first =Rens | year =2013 | title =A New History of the Humanities: The Search for Principles and Patterns from Antiquity to the Present | publisher =Oxford University Press | isbn =978-0-19-966521-1}} |
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* {{Citation | last =Bronkhorst | first =Johannes | year =2016 | title =How the Brahmins Won: From Alexander to the Guptas | publisher =BRILL|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muAzDwAAQBAJ&q=P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini| isbn =9789004315518 }} |
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* {{Citation | last =Bronkhorst | first =Johannes | year =2019 | title =A Śabda Reader: Language in Classical Indian Thought | publisher =Columbia University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gWNbDwAAQBAJ&q=P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini| isbn =9780231548311 }} |
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* {{citation | last =Cardona | first =George | year =1997 | orig-year =1976 | author-link =George Cardona | title =Pāṇini: A Survey of Research | publisher =Motilal Banarsidass | isbn =978-81-208-1494-3}} |
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*{{cite book|author=Harold G. Coward| title=The Philosophy of the Grammarians, in Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies Volume 5 (Editor: Karl Potter) | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2CEj6wRqeRAC| year=1990| publisher=Princeton University Press | isbn=978-81-208-0426-5}} |
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* {{cite journal|last1=Carter|first1=George F.|display-authors=etal| title=On Mundkur on Diffusion|journal=Current Anthropology|year= 1979|volume= 20|issue= 2|pages= 425–428|doi=10.1086/202297|s2cid=143783458}} |
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* {{Cite encyclopedia| publisher = SAGE Publications, Inc.| isbn = 9781412999632| volume = 1| pages = 184–187 |editor=Jon R. McGee |editor2=Richard L. Warms | last1 = François| first1 = Alexandre |author1-link=Alexandre François (linguist)| last2 = Ponsonnet| first2 = Maïa| title = Descriptive linguistics| encyclopedia = Theory in Social and Cultural Anthropology: An Encyclopedia| date = 2013 |url=http://alex.francois.online.fr/data/Francois-Ponsonnet_Descriptive-Linguistics_Theory-Social-Cultural-Anthropology_184-187.pdf |ref=FPencyclo}} |
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* {{cite journal |last=Ingerman |first=Peter Zilahy |date=March 1967 |title="Pāṇini-Backus Form" Suggested |journal=Communications of the ACM |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=137 |doi=10.1145/363162.363165 |s2cid=52817672 }} Ingerman suggests that the then-called [[Backus–Naur form|Backus normal form]] be renamed to the Pāṇini–Backus form, to give due credit to Pāṇini as the earliest independent inventor. |
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* {{cite journal|last1=Kadvany|first1=John|title=Positional Value and Linguistic Recursion|journal=Journal of Indian Philosophy|date=8 February 2008|volume=35|issue=5–6|pages=487–520|doi=10.1007/s10781-007-9025-5|citeseerx=10.1.1.565.2083|s2cid=52885600}} |
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* {{cite book| author=Tibor Kiss|title=Syntax - Theory and Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgVfCAAAQBAJ |year= 2015| publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-037740-8}} |
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* {{Citation | last =Lidova | first =Natalia | year =1994 | title =Drama and Ritual of Early Hinduism | publisher =Motilal Banarsidass | isbn =978-81-208-1234-5}} |
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* {{Citation | last =Locjtfeld | first =James G. | year =2002a | title =The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M | publisher =The Rosen Publishing Group | isbn =978-0-8239-3179-8 | url-access =registration | url =https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch }} |
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* {{Citation | last =Misra | first =Kamal K. | year =2000 | title =Textbook of Anthropological Linguistics | publisher =Concept Publishing Company}} |
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* {{cite book |last1=Prince|first1=Alan|author-link1=Alan Prince|last2=Smolensky|first2=Paul|author-link2=Paul Smolensky|title=Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JGBrYc-eJpMC|date=15 April 2008|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-75939-4}} |
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* T. R. N. Rao. [http://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/t_es/t_es_rao-t_syntax.htm ''Pāṇini-backus form of languages''.] 1998. |
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* {{Citation | last =Scharfe | first =Hartmut | year =1977 | title =Grammatical Literature | publisher =Otto Harrassowitz Verlag | isbn =978-3-447-01706-0 | url =https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.202747/2015.202747.Grammatical-Literature_djvu.txt}} |
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* {{Citation | last =Staal | first =Frits | title =Euclid and Pāṇini | journal =Philosophy East and West |volume=15 |number=2 |date=April 1965 |author-link =Frits Staal |pages=99–116 | jstor =1397332 | doi =10.2307/1397332 }} |
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* {{cite book |last1=Staal |first1=Frits |title=A Reader on the Sanskrit Grammarians |url=https://archive.org/details/readeronsanskrit0000staa |date=1972 |publisher=MIT Press |isbn=0-262-19078-8}} |
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* {{Citation| last =Staal | first =Frits |year =1996 | title =Ritual and Mantras: Rules Without Meaning | publisher =[[Motilal Banarsidass]] | isbn =978-8120814127}} |
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* [[Kapil Muni Tiwary|Tiwary, Kapil Muni]] 1968 Pāṇini's description of nominal compounds, University of Pennsylvania doctoral dissertation, unpublished. |
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* {{Citation | last =Vergiani | first =Vincenzo | year =2017 | chapter =Bhartrhari on Language, Perception, and Consciousness | editor-last =Ganeri | editor-first =Jonardon | title =The Oxford Handbook of Indian Philosophy | publisher =Oxford University Press| isbn =9780199314638 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Npg4DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Bhartrhari+on+Language%2C+Perception%2C+and+Consciousnes%22&pg=PA231}} |
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* {{Citation | last =Witzel | first =Michael| year =2009 | title =Moving Targets? Texts, language, archaeology and history in the Late Vedic and early Buddhist periods | journal =Indo-Iranian Journal | volume =52| issue =2–3| pages =287–310| url =http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:8457940| doi =10.1163/001972409X12562030836859}} |
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[[Kategori:Tokoh Hindu]] |
[[Kategori:Tokoh Hindu]] |
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[[bn:পাণিনি]] |
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[[ca:Panini]] |
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[[cs:Pánini]] |
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[[da:Panini]] |
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[[de:Panini (Grammatiker)]] |
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[[en:Pāṇini]] |
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[[eo:Panini]] |
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[[es:Pānini]] |
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[[fi:Pāṇini]] |
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[[fr:Pāṇini]] |
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[[gl:Pāṇini - पाणिनि]] |
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[[hi:पाणिनि]] |
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[[hu:Pánini]] |
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[[ia:Pāṇini]] |
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[[it:Pāṇini]] |
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[[ja:パーニニ]] |
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[[new:पाणिनि]] |
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[[pt:Pānini]] |
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[[ru:Панини]] |
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[[sa:पाणिनि]] |
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[[sv:Panini (vetenskapsman)]] |
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[[ta:பாணினி]] |
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[[te:పాణిని]] |
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[[th:ปาณินิ]] |
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[[zh:巴膩尼]] |
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Revisi terkini sejak 24 Februari 2023 07.02
| Pāṇini | |
|---|---|
 Naskah kulit kayu betula abad ke-17 dari risalah tata bahasa oleh Pāṇini dari Kashmir | |
| Nama asal | Sanskerta: पाणिनि |
| Karya terkenal | Aṣṭādhyāyī (Bahasa Sanskerta Klasik) |
| Era | kira-kira abad ke-4 SM;[1][2][3]; kira-kira 400–350 SM[4]; kira-kira abad ke-6–5 SM[5][6] |
| Kawasan | Subbenua India barat laut [a] |
Minat utama | Tata bahasa, linguistik |
Ahli bahasa terhebat zaman kuno
Pāṇini.. adalah ahli bahasa terhebat pada zaman kuno, dan pantas diperlakukan seperti itu.
— JF Staal, ahli bahasa Sanskerta[8]
Pāṇini (aksara Dewanagari: पाणिन ; IPA pɑːɳɪn̪ɪ) adalah seorang ahli bahasa dari Gandhara yang diperkirakan hidup antara abad ke-7 SM sampai abad ke-3 SM. Ia terutama termasyhur karena yang pertama kali menulis tentang tata bahasa Sanskerta yang berjudul Aṣṭādhyāyī. Karyanya ini memuat 3.959 hukum bahasa Sanskerta.
Catatan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Vergiani 2017, hlm. 243, n.4.
- ^ Bronkhorst 2016, hlm. 171.
- ^ Houben 2009, hlm. 6.
- ^ a b Cardona 1997, hlm. 268.
- ^ Staal 1996, hlm. 39.
- ^ Scharfe 1977, hlm. 88.
- ^ Staal 1965.
- ^ Staal 1972, hlm. xi.
Daftar pustaka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- (Jerman) Otto Böhtlingk, 1998, Panini's Grammatik, Buske Helmut Verlag, ISBN 3-87548-198-4 (Cetakan ulang)
- Bhate, S. and Kak, S. (1993) Panini and Computer Science. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, vol. 72, pp. 79–94.
- Bod, Rens (2013), A New History of the Humanities: The Search for Principles and Patterns from Antiquity to the Present, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-966521-1
- Bronkhorst, Johannes (2016), How the Brahmins Won: From Alexander to the Guptas, BRILL, ISBN 9789004315518
- Bronkhorst, Johannes (2019), A Śabda Reader: Language in Classical Indian Thought, Columbia University Press, ISBN 9780231548311
- Cardona, George (1997) [1976], Pāṇini: A Survey of Research, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-1494-3
- Harold G. Coward (1990). The Philosophy of the Grammarians, in Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies Volume 5 (Editor: Karl Potter). Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-81-208-0426-5.
- Carter, George F.; et al. (1979). "On Mundkur on Diffusion". Current Anthropology. 20 (2): 425–428. doi:10.1086/202297.
- François, Alexandre; Ponsonnet, Maïa (2013). "Descriptive linguistics" (PDF). Dalam Jon R. McGee; Richard L. Warms. Theory in Social and Cultural Anthropology: An Encyclopedia. 1. SAGE Publications, Inc. hlm. 184–187. ISBN 9781412999632.
- Ingerman, Peter Zilahy (March 1967). ""Pāṇini-Backus Form" Suggested". Communications of the ACM. 10 (3): 137. doi:10.1145/363162.363165. Ingerman suggests that the then-called Backus normal form be renamed to the Pāṇini–Backus form, to give due credit to Pāṇini as the earliest independent inventor.
- Kadvany, John (8 February 2008). "Positional Value and Linguistic Recursion". Journal of Indian Philosophy. 35 (5–6): 487–520. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.565.2083
. doi:10.1007/s10781-007-9025-5. - Tibor Kiss (2015). Syntax - Theory and Analysis. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-037740-8.
- Lidova, Natalia (1994), Drama and Ritual of Early Hinduism, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-1234-5
- Locjtfeld, James G. (2002a), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M
, The Rosen Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8 - Misra, Kamal K. (2000), Textbook of Anthropological Linguistics, Concept Publishing Company
- Prince, Alan; Smolensky, Paul (15 April 2008). Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-75939-4.
- T. R. N. Rao. Pāṇini-backus form of languages. 1998.
- Scharfe, Hartmut (1977), Grammatical Literature, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, ISBN 978-3-447-01706-0
- Staal, Frits (April 1965), "Euclid and Pāṇini", Philosophy East and West, 15 (2): 99–116, doi:10.2307/1397332, JSTOR 1397332
- Staal, Frits (1972). A Reader on the Sanskrit Grammarians. MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-19078-8.
- Staal, Frits (1996), Ritual and Mantras: Rules Without Meaning, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814127
- Tiwary, Kapil Muni 1968 Pāṇini's description of nominal compounds, University of Pennsylvania doctoral dissertation, unpublished.
- Vergiani, Vincenzo (2017), "Bhartrhari on Language, Perception, and Consciousness", dalam Ganeri, Jonardon, The Oxford Handbook of Indian Philosophy, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199314638
- Witzel, Michael (2009), "Moving Targets? Texts, language, archaeology and history in the Late Vedic and early Buddhist periods", Indo-Iranian Journal, 52 (2–3): 287–310, doi:10.1163/001972409X12562030836859
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