Keluarga Rockefeller: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Kategori:Keluarga politik Amerika Serikat]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 1 September 2023 13.31
Keluarga Rockefeller (/ˈrɒkəfɛlər/) adalah seorang keluarga perbankan, politik, dan industrial Amerika Serikat yang memiliki salah satu kekayaan terbesar di dunia. Kekayaan tersebut didapatkan dari industri minyak bumi Amerika Serikat pada akhir abad ke-19 dan awal abad ke-20 oleh sepasang kakak beradik John D. Rockefeller dan William A. Rockefeller Jr., utamanya melalui Standard Oil (pendahulu ExxonMobil dan Chevron Corporation).[1] Keluarga tersebut memiliki asosiasi panjang dengan, dan kontrol dari, Chase Manhattan Bank.[2] Pada 1977, keluarga Rockefeller dianggap sebagai salah satu keluarga paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.[3] Keluaarga Rockefeller bermula di Rhineland, Jerman dan para anggota keluarga tersebut pindah ke benua Amerika pada awal abad ke-18, sementara melalui Eliza Davison, dengan silsilah keluarga dari Middlesex County, New Jersey, John D. Rockefeller dan William Rockefeller Jr. beserta keturunan mereka juga merupakan keturunan Skotlandia-Irlandia.[4]
Catatan dan referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ World's largest private fortune - see Ron Chernow, Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller Sr., London: Warner Books, 1998. (p.370)
- ^ The Political Economy of Third World Intervention: Mines, Money, and U.S. Policy in the Congo Crisis, David N. Gibbs, University of Chicago Press 1991, page 113
- ^ The Rockefeller inheritance, Alvin Moscow, Doubleday 1977, page 418
- ^ Chernow, Ron (1998). Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller
. New York: Vintage Books. hlm. 7. ISBN 978-1-4000-7730-4.
[William Rockefeller Sr.] met his future wife, Eliza Davison, at her father's farmhouse.... A prudent, straitlaced Baptist of Scottish-Irish descent, deeply attached to his daughter, John Davison must have sensed the world of trouble that awaited Eliza...
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Rose, Kenneth W., Select Rockefeller Philanthropies, Booklet (pdf, 23 pages) of the Rockefeller Archive Center, 2004.
- Origin of Rockenfeld, in German Diarsipkan 2021-10-26 di Wayback Machine.
- Descendants of Goddard Rockenfeller
- Listing of University of Chicago Nobel Laureates, News Office, University of Chicago website, undated.
- Depalma, Anthony, They Saved Land Like Rockefellers, The New York Times Archive, November 15, 2005.
- Carnegie Corporation of New York, Celebrating 100 years of Andrew Carnegie's Philanthropy - awarding the inaugural Andrew Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy to David and Laurance Rockefeller, 2001.
- The Rockefeller Archive Center, John D. Rockefeller, Junior, 1874–1960, Overview of his life and philanthropy, 1997.
- Strom, Stephanie, Manhattan: A Rockefeller Plans a Huge Bequest, The New York Times Archive, November 21, 2006.
- O'Connell, Dennis, Top 10 Richest Men Of All Time, AskMen.com, undated.
Bacaan tambahan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Abels, Jules. The Rockefeller Billions: The Story of the World's Most Stupendous Fortune. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1965.
- Aldrich, Nelson W. Jr. Old Money: The Mythology of America's Upper Class. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1988.
- Allen, Gary. The Rockefeller File. Seal Beach, California: 1976 Press, 1976.
- Boorstin, Daniel J. The Americans: The Democratic Experience. New York: Vintage Books, 1974.
- Brown, E. Richard. Rockefeller Medicine Men: Medicine and Capitalism in America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979.
- Caro, Robert (1974). The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-394-48076-3. OCLC 834874.
- Chernow, Ron. Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. London: Warner Books, 1998.
- Collier, Peter, and David Horowitz. The Rockefellers: An American Dynasty. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1976.
- Elmer, Isabel Lincoln. Cinderella Rockefeller: A Life of Wealth Beyond All-Knowing. New York: Freundlich Books, 1987.
- Ernst, Joseph W., editor. "Dear Father"/"Dear Son:" Correspondence of John D. Rockefeller and John D. Rockefeller Jr. New York: Fordham University Press, with the Rockefeller Archive Center, 1994.
- Flynn, John T. God's Gold: The Story of Rockefeller and His Times. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1932.
- Fosdick, Raymond B. John D. Rockefeller Jr.: A Portrait. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1956.
- Fosdick, Raymond B. The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation. New York: Transaction Publishers, Reprint, 1989.
- Gates, Frederick Taylor. Chapters in My Life. New York: The Free Press, 1977.
- Gitelman, Howard M. Legacy of the Ludlow Massacre: A Chapter in American Industrial Relations. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988.
- Gonzales, Donald J., Chronicled by. The Rockefellers at Williamsburg: Backstage with the Founders, Restorers and World-Renowned Guests. McLean, Virginia: EPM Publications, Inc., 1991.
- Hanson, Elizabeth. The Rockefeller University Achievements: A Century of Science for the Benefit of Humankind, 1901-2001. New York: The Rockefeller University Press, 2000.
- Harr, John Ensor, and Peter J. Johnson. The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1988.
- Harr, John Ensor, and Peter J. Johnson. The Rockefeller Conscience: An American Family in Public and in Private. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1991.
- Hawke, David Freeman. John D.: The Founding Father of the Rockefellers. New York: Harper & Row, 1980.
- Hidy, Ralph W. and Muriel E. Hidy. Pioneering in Big Business: History of Standard Oil Company (New Jersey), 1882-1911. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1955.
- Jonas, Gerald. The Circuit Riders: Rockefeller Money and the Rise of Modern Science. New York: W.W.Norton and Co., 1989.
- Josephson, Emanuel M. The Federal Reserve Conspiracy and the Rockefellers: Their Gold Corner. New York: Chedney Press, 1968.
- Josephson, Matthew. The Robber Barons. London: Harcourt, 1962.
- Kert, Bernice. Abby Aldrich Rockefeller: The Woman in the Family. New York: Random House, 2003.
- Klein, Henry H. Dynastic America and Those Who Own It. New York: Kessinger Publishing, [1921] Reprint, 2003.
- Kutz, Myer. Rockefeller Power: America's Chosen Family. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1974.
- Lundberg, Ferdinand. America's Sixty Families. New York: Vanguard Press, 1937.
- Lundberg, Ferdinand. The Rich and the Super-Rich: A Study in the Power of Money Today. New York: Lyle Stuart, 1968.
- Lundberg, Ferdinand. The Rockefeller Syndrome. Secaucus, New Jersey: Lyle Stuart, Inc., 1975.
- Manchester, William R. A Rockefeller Family Portrait: From John D. to Nelson. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1959.
- Moscow, Alvin. The Rockefeller Inheritance. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co., 1977.
- Nevins, Allan. John D. Rockefeller: The Heroic Age of American Enterprise. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1940.
- Nevins, Allan. Study In Power: John D. Rockefeller, Industrialist and Philanthropist. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1953.
- Okrent, Daniel. Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center. New York: Viking Press, 2003.
- Ratto, Pietro. Rockefeller e Warburg. Le famiglie più potenti della terra. Bologna: Arianna Editrice [it], 2019. ISBN 978-88-6588-209-2.
- Reich, Cary. The Life of Nelson A. Rockefeller: Worlds to Conquer 1908-1958. New York: Doubleday, 1996.
- Roberts, Ann Rockefeller. The Rockefeller Family Home: Kykuit. New York: Abbeville Publishing Group, 1998.
- Rockefeller, David. Memoirs. New York: Random House, 2002.
- Rockefeller, Henry Oscar, ed. Rockefeller Genealogy. 4 vols. 1910 - ca.1950.
- Rockefeller, John D. Random Reminiscences of Men and Events. New York: Doubleday, 1908; London: W. Heinemann. 1909; Sleepy Hollow Press and Rockefeller Archive Center, (Reprint) 1984.
- Roussel, Christine. The Art of Rockefeller Center. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2006.
- Scheiffarth, Engelbert. Der New Yorker Gouverneur Nelson A. Rockefeller und die Rockenfeller im Neuwieder Raum Genealogisches Jahrbuch, Vol 9, 1969, p16-41.
- Sealander, Judith. Private Wealth and Public Life: Foundation Philanthropy and the Reshaping of American Social Policy, from the Progressive Era to the New Deal. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997.
- Siegmund-Schultze, Reinhard. Rockefeller and the Internationalization of Mathematics Between the Two World Wars: Documents and Studies for the Social History of Mathematics in the 20th Century. Boston: Birkhauser Verlag, 2001.
- Stasz, Clarice. The Rockefeller Women: Dynasty of Piety, Privacy, and Service. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995.
- Tarbell, Ida M. The History of the Standard Oil Company. New York: Phillips & Company, 1904.
- Winks, Robin W. Laurance S. Rockefeller: Catalyst for Conservation, Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1997.
- Yergin, Daniel. The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.
- Young, Edgar B. Lincoln Center: The Building of an Institution. New York: New York University Press, 1980.
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