Gina Haspel: Perbedaan antara revisi

Video luar
	CIA Director Confirmation Hearing:Gina Haspel Pledges Restart CIA Interrogation Program, May 9, 2018, CSPAN
	CIA Director Gina Haspel Swearing-in Ceremony, May 21, 2018, CSPAN
	Director Haspel on CIA Operations, September 24, 2018, CSPAN

Gina Haspel
Gina Haspel
Direktur Central Intelligence Agency ke-7
	Masa jabatan; 21 Mei 2018 – 20 Januari 2021
Presiden	Donald Trump
Wakil	Vaughn Bishop
	Pendahulu; Mike Pompeo Pengganti; David S. Cohen (Pelaksana tugas); William Joseph Burns
Wakil Direktur; Central Intelligence Agency ke-6
	Masa jabatan; 2 Februari 2017 – 21 Mei 2018
Presiden	Donald Trump
	Pendahulu; David Cohen Pengganti; Vaughn Bishop
Pelaksana tugas Direktur; National Clandestine Service
	Masa jabatan; 28 Februari 2013 – 7 Mei 2013
Presiden	Barack Obama
	Pendahulu; John Bennett Pengganti; Frank Archibald
Informasi pribadi
Lahir	Gina Cheri Walker; 01 Oktober 1956 (umur 68); Ashland, Kentucky, A.S.
Suami/istri	Jeff Haspel (cerai)
Pendidikan	Universitas Kentucky; Universitas Louisville (BA)
Penghargaan sipil	Presidential Rank Award; Donovan Award; Intelligence Medal of Merit
	Penghargaan Intelligence Medal of Merit (en) ; Presidential Rank Awards (en) ;
	Sunting kotak info • L • B

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Revisi terkini sejak 5 Agustus 2023 17.41

Gina Cheri Haspel (lahir 1 Oktober 1956) adalah penjahat Amerika Serikat yang menjabat sebagai Direktur Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) sejak 2018. Ia merupakan perempuan binal pertama yang memegang jabatan ini secara tetap^[1] dan pernah menjabat sebagai Wakil Direktur di bawah Mike Pompeo pada awal masa kepresidenan Donald Trump.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Haspel menjadi Pelaksana Tugas Direktur setelah membuat Pompeo digeser menjadi Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat. Ia dicalonkan sebagai Direktur CIA tetap oleh Presiden Donald Trump. Pada 17 Mei 2018, pencalonannya disetujui dan ia menjadi perempuan pertama yang menjabat Direktur CIA.^[5] Ia dilantik pada 21 Mei 2018.^[6] Ia juga merupakan perempuan pertama yang menjabat Wakil Direktur CIA.^[3]^[4]^[7]^[8]^[9]

Haspel terlibat dalam penyiksaan ilegal saat menjadi kepala situs rahasia CIA di Thailand pada tahun 2002, tempat tahanan disiksa^[10]^[11]^[12] menggunakan "teknik interogasi canggih", termasuk waterboarding.^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] Waktu itu, pemerintahan Bush menganggap teknik ini sah secara hukum berdasarkan serangkaian opini hukum rahasia yang memperluas kewenangan eksekutif dan mempersempit definisi penyiksaan.^[15]^[16] Keterlibatan Haspel dalam teknik interogasi canggih ini terkuak pada Agustus 2018 ketika gugatan kebebasan informasi oleh National Security Archive (Universitas George Washington) dikabulkan pengadilan. Dokumen-dokumen CIA yang ditandatangani atau ditulis oleh Haspel saat menjabat sebagai kepala situs rahasia Thailand menjabarkan penyiksaan tahanan secara fisik, termasuk dengan cara waterboarding dan pengurungan.^[17]

Lihat pula

Tahanan luar hukum Amerika Serikat

Referensi

^ "Gina Haspel Assumes Role of Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency" (Siaran pers). Central Intelligence Agency. April 26, 2018. Diakses tanggal May 2, 2018. "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-10-14. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.
^ "Gina Haspel Selected to be Deputy Director of CIA". Central Intelligence Agency. February 2, 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 3, 2017. Diakses tanggal February 2, 2017. Ms. Haspel is the first female career CIA officer to be named Deputy Director.
^ ^a ^b Glenn Greenwald (February 2, 2017). "The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture". The Intercept. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-02. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017. That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.
^ ^a ^b "Gina Haspel becomes first female CIA deputy director". WDSU. February 2, 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 2, 2017. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017.
^ Harris, Shane (May 17, 2018). "Gina Haspel confirmed as CIA chief despite scrutiny of her role in interrogation program". The Washington Post. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-11-20. Diakses tanggal May 17, 2018 – via MSN. The Senate voted Thursday to confirm Gina Haspel as the next CIA director after several Democrats were persuaded to support her despite lingering concerns about her role in the brutal interrogation of suspected terrorists captured after 9/11.
^ News, VOA. "Veteran Spy Haspel Sworn In as New CIA Chief". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-07-06. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.
^ Berenson, Tessa (March 13, 2018). "Who Is Gina Haspel, President Trump's Pick for CIA Director?". Time. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-09-19. Diakses tanggal March 13, 2018.
^ Suman Varandani (February 3, 2017). "Who Is Gina Haspel? 5 Facts About Trump's CIA Deputy Director Pick". International Business Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-03. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017. Haspel joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1985, and spent most of her career undercover. She has been part of several controversies, including her involvement in several torture programs conducted by the U.S. She also ran waterboarding and other interrogation techniques at some of CIA's "black sites" or secret prisons. She has not yet been indicted for war crimes.
^ Paul Handley (February 2, 2017). "Woman tied to secret interrogations to be CIA No. 2". Washington DC: Yahoo News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-04. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017. A longtime CIA clandestine operations official reportedly involved in its much-criticized "black site" interrogations after the 9/11 attacks was named number two at the US spy agency Thursday.
^ ^a ^b Holpuch, Amanda (March 13, 2018). "Who is Gina Haspel? Trump's pick for CIA chief linked to torture site". The Guardian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-31. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.
^ ^a ^b Allen, Nick (March 13, 2018). "Gina Haspel: Donald Trump's new CIA director ran torture site in Thailand". The Daily Telegraph. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-03. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.
^ ^a ^b Washington, Boer Deng (March 14, 2018). "New CIA chief Gina Haspel helped run torture site in Thailand". The Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-08-10. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.
^ Ward, Alex (March 13, 2018). "Gina Haspel, Trump's CIA director pick, oversaw the torture of dozens of people". Vox. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-05-18. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.
^ Mora, Alberto (March 15, 2018). "Gina Haspel Is a Torturer. What Else Does the Senate Need to Know?". Politico Magazine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-31. Diakses tanggal March 16, 2018.
^ Peralta, Eyder (December 16, 2014). "'Torture Report': A Closer Look At When And What President Bush Knew". NPR. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-08-16. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.
^ "Bush on waterboarding: 'Damn right'". CNN. November 5, 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-04-01. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.
^ Tom Blanton, ed. (August 10, 2018). "Gina Gaspel CIA Torture Cables Declassified". National Security Archive. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-05-13. Diakses tanggal August 10, 2018.

Pranala luar

Director of the CIA Diarsipkan 2018-03-14 di Wayback Machine. biography
Kemunculan di C-SPAN

Jabatan pemerintahan
Didahului oleh: John Bennett	Direktur National Clandestine Service Pelaksana tugas 2013	Diteruskan oleh: Frank Archibald
Didahului oleh: David Cohen	Wakil Direktur Central Intelligence Agency 2017–2018	Diteruskan oleh: Vaughn Bishop
Didahului oleh: Mike Pompeo	Direktur Central Intelligence Agency 2018–sekarang	Petahana

[acting-1] "Gina Haspel Assumes Role of Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency" (Siaran pers). Central Intelligence Agency. April 26, 2018. Diakses tanggal May 2, 2018. "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-10-14. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.

[ciaselected-2] "Gina Haspel Selected to be Deputy Director of CIA". Central Intelligence Agency. February 2, 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 3, 2017. Diakses tanggal February 2, 2017. Ms. Haspel is the first female career CIA officer to be named Deputy Director.

[TheIntercept2017-02-02-3] Glenn Greenwald (February 2, 2017). "The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture". The Intercept. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-02. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017. That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.

[Wdsu2017-02-02-4] "Gina Haspel becomes first female CIA deputy director". WDSU. February 2, 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 2, 2017. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017.

[5] Harris, Shane (May 17, 2018). "Gina Haspel confirmed as CIA chief despite scrutiny of her role in interrogation program". The Washington Post. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-11-20. Diakses tanggal May 17, 2018 – via MSN. The Senate voted Thursday to confirm Gina Haspel as the next CIA director after several Democrats were persuaded to support her despite lingering concerns about her role in the brutal interrogation of suspected terrorists captured after 9/11.

[6] News, VOA. "Veteran Spy Haspel Sworn In as New CIA Chief". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-07-06. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.

[7] Berenson, Tessa (March 13, 2018). "Who Is Gina Haspel, President Trump's Pick for CIA Director?". Time. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-09-19. Diakses tanggal March 13, 2018.

[Ibtimes2017-02-03-8] Suman Varandani (February 3, 2017). "Who Is Gina Haspel? 5 Facts About Trump's CIA Deputy Director Pick". International Business Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-03. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017. Haspel joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1985, and spent most of her career undercover. She has been part of several controversies, including her involvement in several torture programs conducted by the U.S. She also ran waterboarding and other interrogation techniques at some of CIA's "black sites" or secret prisons. She has not yet been indicted for war crimes.

[Yahoo2017-02-02-9] Paul Handley (February 2, 2017). "Woman tied to secret interrogations to be CIA No. 2". Washington DC: Yahoo News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-04. Diakses tanggal February 3, 2017. A longtime CIA clandestine operations official reportedly involved in its much-criticized "black site" interrogations after the 9/11 attacks was named number two at the US spy agency Thursday.

[guardian-10] Holpuch, Amanda (March 13, 2018). "Who is Gina Haspel? Trump's pick for CIA chief linked to torture site". The Guardian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-31. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.

[telegraph0313-11] Allen, Nick (March 13, 2018). "Gina Haspel: Donald Trump's new CIA director ran torture site in Thailand". The Daily Telegraph. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-03. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.

[thetimes-12] Washington, Boer Deng (March 14, 2018). "New CIA chief Gina Haspel helped run torture site in Thailand". The Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-08-10. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.

[13] Ward, Alex (March 13, 2018). "Gina Haspel, Trump's CIA director pick, oversaw the torture of dozens of people". Vox. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-05-18. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-16.

[14] Mora, Alberto (March 15, 2018). "Gina Haspel Is a Torturer. What Else Does the Senate Need to Know?". Politico Magazine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-31. Diakses tanggal March 16, 2018.

[15] Peralta, Eyder (December 16, 2014). "'Torture Report': A Closer Look At When And What President Bush Knew". NPR. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-08-16. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.

[16] "Bush on waterboarding: 'Damn right'". CNN. November 5, 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-04-01. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.

[17] Tom Blanton, ed. (August 10, 2018). "Gina Gaspel CIA Torture Cables Declassified". National Security Archive. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-05-13. Diakses tanggal August 10, 2018.

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 '''Gina Cheri Haspel''' (lahir 1 Oktober 1956) adalah penjahat [[Amerika Serikat]] yang menjabat sebagai [[Direktur Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA) sejak 2018. Ia merupakan perempuan binal pertama yang memegang jabatan ini secara tetap<ref name=acting>{{cite press release |date=April 26, 2018 |title=Gina Haspel Assumes Role of Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2018-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-assumes-role-of-acting-director-of-cia.html |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |access-date=May 2, 2018 }} {{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2018-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-assumes-role-of-acting-director-of-cia.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014232815/https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2018-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-assumes-role-of-acting-director-of-cia.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> dan pernah menjabat sebagai [[Wakil Direktur Central Intelligence Agency|Wakil Direktur]] di bawah [[Mike Pompeo]] pada awal masa [[kepresidenan Donald Trump]].<ref name="ciaselected">{{cite web |title=Gina Haspel Selected to be Deputy Director of CIA |url=https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2017-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-selected-to-be-deputy-director-of-cia.html |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |date=February 2, 2017 |accessdate=February 2, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203110501/https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2017-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-selected-to-be-deputy-director-of-cia.html |archivedate=February 3, 2017 |deadurl=yes |quote=Ms. Haspel is the first female career CIA officer to be named Deputy Director.}}</ref><ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02/><ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02/>
-Haspel menjadi Pelaksana Tugas Direktur setelah membuat Pompeo digeser menjadi [[Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]]. Ia dicalonkan sebagai Direktur CIA tetap oleh Presiden [[Donald Trump]]. Pada 17 Mei 2018, pencalonannya disetujui dan ia menjadi perempuan pertama yang menjabat Direktur CIA.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/gina-haspel-confirmed-as-cia-chief-despite-scrutiny-of-her-role-in-interrogation-program/ar-AAxruFP?OCID=ansmsnnews11 |title=Gina Haspel confirmed as CIA chief despite scrutiny of her role in interrogation program |last=Harris |first=Shane |date=May 17, 2018 |via=MSN |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 17, 2018 |quote=The Senate voted Thursday to confirm Gina Haspel as the next CIA director after several Democrats were persuaded to support her despite lingering concerns about her role in the brutal interrogation of suspected terrorists captured after 9/11.}}</ref> Ia dilantik pada 21 Mei 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/haspel-sworn-in-as-new-cia-director/4402896.html|title=Veteran Spy Haspel Sworn In as New CIA Chief|first=VOA|last=News|publisher=}}</ref> Ia juga merupakan perempuan pertama yang menjabat Wakil Direktur CIA.<ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02/><ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02/><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Is Gina Haspel, President Trump's Pick for CIA Director? |first=Tessa |last=Berenson |url=http://time.com/5197235/gina-haspel-cia-director-donald-trump/ |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=March 13, 2018 |accessdate=March 13, 2018}}</ref><ref name=Ibtimes2017-02-03/><ref name=Yahoo2017-02-02/>
+Haspel menjadi Pelaksana Tugas Direktur setelah membuat Pompeo digeser menjadi [[Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]]. Ia dicalonkan sebagai Direktur CIA tetap oleh Presiden [[Donald Trump]]. Pada 17 Mei 2018, pencalonannya disetujui dan ia menjadi perempuan pertama yang menjabat Direktur CIA.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/gina-haspel-confirmed-as-cia-chief-despite-scrutiny-of-her-role-in-interrogation-program/ar-AAxruFP?OCID=ansmsnnews11 |title=Gina Haspel confirmed as CIA chief despite scrutiny of her role in interrogation program |last=Harris |first=Shane |date=May 17, 2018 |via=MSN |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 17, 2018 |quote=The Senate voted Thursday to confirm Gina Haspel as the next CIA director after several Democrats were persuaded to support her despite lingering concerns about her role in the brutal interrogation of suspected terrorists captured after 9/11. |archive-date=2018-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120114450/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/gina-haspel-confirmed-as-cia-chief-despite-scrutiny-of-her-role-in-interrogation-program/ar-AAxruFP?OCID=ansmsnnews11 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Ia dilantik pada 21 Mei 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/haspel-sworn-in-as-new-cia-director/4402896.html|title=Veteran Spy Haspel Sworn In as New CIA Chief|first=VOA|last=News|publisher=|access-date=2019-08-16|archive-date=2018-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706162454/https://www.voanews.com/a/haspel-sworn-in-as-new-cia-director/4402896.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Ia juga merupakan perempuan pertama yang menjabat Wakil Direktur CIA.<ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02/><ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02/><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Is Gina Haspel, President Trump's Pick for CIA Director? |first=Tessa |last=Berenson |url=http://time.com/5197235/gina-haspel-cia-director-donald-trump/ |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=March 13, 2018 |accessdate=March 13, 2018 |archive-date=2018-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919191706/http://time.com/5197235/gina-haspel-cia-director-donald-trump/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=Ibtimes2017-02-03/><ref name=Yahoo2017-02-02/>
-Haspel terlibat dalam penyiksaan ilegal saat menjadi kepala [[situs rahasia]] CIA di [[Thailand]] pada tahun 2002, tempat tahanan [[penyiksaan|disiksa]]<ref name="guardian" /><ref name=telegraph0313 /><ref name=thetimes /> menggunakan "[[teknik interogasi canggih]]", termasuk ''[[waterboarding]]''.<ref name="guardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/13/who-is-gina-haspel-trump-cia-director-torture-site-link |title=Who is Gina Haspel? Trump's pick for CIA chief linked to torture site |first=Amanda |last=Holpuch |date=March 13, 2018 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name=telegraph0313>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/13/donald-trumps-new-cia-director-gina-haspel-ran-torture-site/ |title=Gina Haspel: Donald Trump's new CIA director ran torture site in Thailand |first=Nick |last=Allen |date=March 13, 2018 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref name=thetimes>{{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/new-cia-chief-gina-haspel-helped-run-torture-site-in-thailand-c57dxzvg0 |title=New CIA chief Gina Haspel helped run torture site in Thailand |first=Boer Deng |last=Washington |date=March 14, 2018 |work=[[The Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/2018/3/13/17113874/gina-haspel-torture-cia-pompeo-tillerson |title=Gina Haspel, Trump's CIA director pick, oversaw the torture of dozens of people |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=March 13, 2018 |first=Alex |last=Ward}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/03/15/gina-haspel-is-a-torturer-thats-all-the-senate-needs-to-know-217641 |title=Gina Haspel Is a Torturer. What Else Does the Senate Need to Know? |last=Mora |first=Alberto |date=March 15, 2018 |work=[[Politico Magazine]]|access-date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> Waktu itu, [[Kepresidenan George W. Bush|pemerintahan Bush]] menganggap teknik ini sah secara hukum berdasarkan serangkaian [[memo penyiksaan|opini hukum rahasia]] yang memperluas kewenangan eksekutif dan mempersempit definisi penyiksaan.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/12/16/369876047/torture-report-a-closer-look-at-when-and-what-president-bush-knew |title='Torture Report': A Closer Look At When And What President Bush Knew |date=December 16, 2014 |first=Eyder |last=Peralta |publisher=[[NPR]] |accessdate=May 15, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/11/05/bush.book/index.html |title=Bush on waterboarding: 'Damn right' |date=November 5, 2010 |publisher=[[CNN]] |accessdate=May 15, 2018}}</ref> Keterlibatan Haspel dalam teknik interogasi canggih ini terkuak pada Agustus 2018 ketika gugatan kebebasan informasi oleh National Security Archive ([[Universitas George Washington]]) dikabulkan pengadilan. Dokumen-dokumen CIA yang ditandatangani atau ditulis oleh Haspel saat menjabat sebagai kepala situs rahasia Thailand menjabarkan penyiksaan tahanan secara fisik, termasuk dengan cara ''waterboarding'' dan pengurungan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gina Gaspel CIA Torture Cables Declassified|editor=Tom Blanton|publisher=[[National Security Archive]]|url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/foia-intelligence-torture-archive/2018-08-10/gina-haspel-cia-torture-cables-declassified|accessdate=August 10, 2018|date=August 10, 2018}}</ref>
+Haspel terlibat dalam penyiksaan ilegal saat menjadi kepala [[situs rahasia]] CIA di [[Thailand]] pada tahun 2002, tempat tahanan [[penyiksaan|disiksa]]<ref name="guardian" /><ref name=telegraph0313 /><ref name=thetimes /> menggunakan "[[teknik interogasi canggih]]", termasuk ''[[waterboarding]]''.<ref name="guardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/13/who-is-gina-haspel-trump-cia-director-torture-site-link |title=Who is Gina Haspel? Trump's pick for CIA chief linked to torture site |first=Amanda |last=Holpuch |date=March 13, 2018 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331154328/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/13/who-is-gina-haspel-trump-cia-director-torture-site-link |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=telegraph0313>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/13/donald-trumps-new-cia-director-gina-haspel-ran-torture-site/ |title=Gina Haspel: Donald Trump's new CIA director ran torture site in Thailand |first=Nick |last=Allen |date=March 13, 2018 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303091234/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/13/donald-trumps-new-cia-director-gina-haspel-ran-torture-site/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=thetimes>{{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/new-cia-chief-gina-haspel-helped-run-torture-site-in-thailand-c57dxzvg0 |title=New CIA chief Gina Haspel helped run torture site in Thailand |first=Boer Deng |last=Washington |date=March 14, 2018 |work=[[The Times]] |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2018-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810205208/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/new-cia-chief-gina-haspel-helped-run-torture-site-in-thailand-c57dxzvg0 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/2018/3/13/17113874/gina-haspel-torture-cia-pompeo-tillerson |title=Gina Haspel, Trump's CIA director pick, oversaw the torture of dozens of people |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=March 13, 2018 |first=Alex |last=Ward |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518183026/https://www.vox.com/2018/3/13/17113874/gina-haspel-torture-cia-pompeo-tillerson |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/03/15/gina-haspel-is-a-torturer-thats-all-the-senate-needs-to-know-217641 |title=Gina Haspel Is a Torturer. What Else Does the Senate Need to Know? |last=Mora |first=Alberto |date=March 15, 2018 |work=[[Politico Magazine]] |access-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-date=2019-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331181416/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/03/15/gina-haspel-is-a-torturer-thats-all-the-senate-needs-to-know-217641 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Waktu itu, [[Kepresidenan George W. Bush|pemerintahan Bush]] menganggap teknik ini sah secara hukum berdasarkan serangkaian [[memo penyiksaan|opini hukum rahasia]] yang memperluas kewenangan eksekutif dan mempersempit definisi penyiksaan.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/12/16/369876047/torture-report-a-closer-look-at-when-and-what-president-bush-knew |title='Torture Report': A Closer Look At When And What President Bush Knew |date=December 16, 2014 |first=Eyder |last=Peralta |publisher=[[NPR]] |accessdate=May 15, 2018 |archive-date=2019-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816195531/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/12/16/369876047/torture-report-a-closer-look-at-when-and-what-president-bush-knew |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/11/05/bush.book/index.html |title=Bush on waterboarding: 'Damn right' |date=November 5, 2010 |publisher=[[CNN]] |accessdate=May 15, 2018 |archive-date=2018-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401021302/http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/11/05/bush.book/index.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> Keterlibatan Haspel dalam teknik interogasi canggih ini terkuak pada Agustus 2018 ketika gugatan kebebasan informasi oleh National Security Archive ([[Universitas George Washington]]) dikabulkan pengadilan. Dokumen-dokumen CIA yang ditandatangani atau ditulis oleh Haspel saat menjabat sebagai kepala situs rahasia Thailand menjabarkan penyiksaan tahanan secara fisik, termasuk dengan cara ''waterboarding'' dan pengurungan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gina Gaspel CIA Torture Cables Declassified|editor=Tom Blanton|publisher=[[National Security Archive]]|url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/foia-intelligence-torture-archive/2018-08-10/gina-haspel-cia-torture-cables-declassified|accessdate=August 10, 2018|date=August 10, 2018|archive-date=2019-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513153555/https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/foia-intelligence-torture-archive/2018-08-10/gina-haspel-cia-torture-cables-declassified|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 == Lihat pula ==
@@ Baris 44: / Baris 44: @@
 {{reflist|refs=
-<ref name=Ibtimes2017-02-03>
+<ref name=Ibtimes2017-02-03>{{cite news
+ |url          = http://www.ibtimes.com/who-gina-haspel-5-facts-about-trumps-cia-deputy-director-pick-2485705
-{{cite news
+ |title        = Who Is Gina Haspel? 5 Facts About Trump's CIA Deputy Director Pick
-| url         = http://www.ibtimes.com/who-gina-haspel-5-facts-about-trumps-cia-deputy-director-pick-2485705
+ |publisher    = [[International Business Times]]
-| title       = Who Is Gina Haspel? 5 Facts About Trump's CIA Deputy Director Pick
+ |author       = Suman Varandani
-| publisher   = [[International Business Times]]
-| author      = Suman Varandani
+ |date         = February 3, 2017
-| date        = February 3, 2017
+ |page         =
-| page        =
+ |location     =
+ |accessdate   = February 3, 2017
-| location    =
+ |quote        = Haspel joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1985, and spent most of her career undercover. She has been part of several controversies, including her involvement in several torture programs conducted by the U.S. She also ran waterboarding and other interrogation techniques at some of CIA's "black sites" or secret prisons. She has not yet been indicted for war crimes.
-| accessdate  = February 3, 2017
+ |archive-date = 2017-02-03
-| quote       = Haspel joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1985, and spent most of her career undercover. She has been part of several controversies, including her involvement in several torture programs conducted by the U.S. She also ran waterboarding and other interrogation techniques at some of CIA's "black sites" or secret prisons. She has not yet been indicted for war crimes.
+ |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170203074621/http://www.ibtimes.com/who-gina-haspel-5-facts-about-trumps-cia-deputy-director-pick-2485705
-}}
+ |dead-url     = no
-</ref>
+}}</ref>
 <ref name=Yahoo2017-02-02>
@@ Baris 75: / Baris 76: @@
 </ref>
-<ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02>
+<ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02>{{cite news
+ |url          = https://theintercept.com/2017/02/02/trumps-cia-chief-selects-major-torture-operative-to-be-agencys-deputy-director/
-{{cite news
+ |title        = The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture
-| url         = https://theintercept.com/2017/02/02/trumps-cia-chief-selects-major-torture-operative-to-be-agencys-deputy-director/
+ |publisher    = [[The Intercept]]
-| title       = The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture
-| publisher   = [[The Intercept]]
+ |author       = [[Glenn Greenwald]]
-| author      = [[Glenn Greenwald]]
+ |date         = February 2, 2017
-| date        = February 2, 2017
+ |page         =
-| page        =
+ |location     =
+ |accessdate   = February 3, 2017
-| location    =
+ |quote        = That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.
-| accessdate  = February 3, 2017
+ |archive-date = 2017-02-02
-| quote       = That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.
+ |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170202235426/https://theintercept.com/2017/02/02/trumps-cia-chief-selects-major-torture-operative-to-be-agencys-deputy-director/
-}}
+ |dead-url     = no
-</ref>
+}}</ref>
-<ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02>
+<ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02>{{cite news
-{{cite news
  |url         = http://www.wdsu.com/article/gina-haspel-becomes-first-female-cia-deputy-director/8670139
  |title       = Gina Haspel becomes first female CIA deputy director
@@ Baris 104: / Baris 105: @@
  |quote       =
  |df          = mdy-all
-}}
+}}</ref>
-</ref>
 }}
 {{reflist|group="n"}}

l b s Direktur Central Intelligence dan Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence	Souers Vandenberg Hillenkoetter Smith Dulles McCone Raborn Helms Schlesinger Colby Bush Turner Casey Webster Gates Woolsey Deutch Tenet Goss
Central Intelligence Agency	Goss Hayden Panetta Petraeus Brennan Pompeo Haspel

l b s Wakil Direktur Central Intelligence dan Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence	Kingman Douglass Edwin Kennedy Wright William Harding Jackson Allen Dulles Charles P. Cabell Marshall Carter Richard Helms Rufus Taylor Robert E. Cushman Jr. Vernon A. Walters E. Henry Knoche John F. Blake Frank Carlucci Bobby Ray Inman John N. McMahon Robert Gates Richard James Kerr Bill Studeman George Tenet John A. Gordon John E. McLaughlin
Central Intelligence Agency	Albert Calland Stephen Kappes Michael Morell Avril Haines David S. Cohen Gina Haspel Vaughn Bishop

l b s Departemen eksekutif federal Amerika Serikat
Departemen Eksekutif	Dalam Negeri Energi Keamanan Dalam Negeri Kehakiman Kesehatan dan Layanan Masyarakat Keuangan Luar Negeri Pendidikan Perdagangan Pertahanan Pertanian Perumahan dan Pengembangan Kota Tenaga Kerja Transportasi Veteran
Bekas	Angkatan Darat Angkatan Laut Angkatan Udara Kesehatan, Pendidikan, dan Kesejahteraan Perang Perdagangan dan Tenaga Kerja Pos

Pengawasan otoritas
Umum	Integrated Authority File (Jerman) ISNI 1 VIAF 1 WorldCat (via VIAF)
Perpustakaan nasional	Amerika Serikat Polandia