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Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{Infobox spesies
{{automatic taxobox
|name = Karpinus
|name = Karpinus
|fossil_range = {{fossilrange|49.42|0}} [[Ypresian]] - [[Recent]]
|fossil_range = {{fossilrange|49.42|0}} [[Ypresian]] - [[Recent]]
Baris 9: Baris 9:
|synonyms = ''Distegocarpus'' <small>Siebold & Zucc</small>
|synonyms = ''Distegocarpus'' <small>Siebold & Zucc</small>
}}
}}
'''Carpinus''' atau '''karpinus''' adalah [[pohon]] kayu keras dalam keluarga [[Betulaceae]]. Sebanyak 30–40 spesies terdapat di sebagian besar wilayah beriklim sedang di [[Belahan Bumi utara|Belahan Bumi Utara]].<ref name=Pigg2003>{{cite journal |last1=Pigg |first1=K.B. |last2=Manchester |first2=S.R. |last3=Wehr |first3=W.C. |year=2003 |title=''Corylus'', ''Carpinus'', and ''Palaeocarpinus'' (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America |journal= International Journal of Plant Sciences |volume=164 |issue= 5 |pages=807–822 |doi=10.1086/376816|s2cid=19802370 }}</ref><ref name="Forest2005">{{cite journal |last1=Forest |first1=F. |last2=Savolainen |first2=V. |last3=Chase |first3=M. W. |last4=Lupia |first4=R. |last5=Bruneau |first5=A. |last6=Crane |first6=P. R. |year=2005 |title=Teasing apart molecular- versus fossil-based error estimates when dating phylogenetic trees: a case study in the birch family (Betulaceae) |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=118–133|doi=10.1600/0363644053661850 |s2cid=86080433 }}</ref><ref name=Stace>{{cite book|last=Stace|first=C. A.|author-link = Stace, C. A.|year=2010|title=New Flora of the British Isles|edition=Third|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location = Cambridge, UK| isbn=9780521707725}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cutler |first1=Tony |title=The world encyclopedia of trees : a reference and identification guide to 1300 of the world's most significant trees |publisher=Lorenz Books, [London, England?] |isbn=0754834751}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hornbeam, American (Musclewood) {{!}} Nebraska Forest Service |url=https://nfs.unl.edu/woody-plants/musclewood-hornbeam#:~:text=Tree%20Characteristics&text=The%20smooth%2C%20gray%20trunk%20and,member%20of%20the%20birch%20family. |website=nfs.unl.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The complete encyclopedia of trees of the world : the ultimate reference and identification guide to more than 1300 of the most spectacular, best-loved and unusual trees around the globe, with 3000 specially commissioned illustrations, maps and photographs |isbn=1015282601}}</ref><ref name=kewchecklist/><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=105705 Flora of China, Vol. 4 Page 289, <big>鹅耳枥属</big> e er li shu, ''Carpinus'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753. ]</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=105705 Flora of North America, Vol. 3, Hornbeam, ''Carpinus'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 432, 1754. ]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index2.php?scientific-name=carpinus+betulus |title=''Carpinus betulus'' L. |website=Altervista Flora Italiana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Carpinus |title=2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps |publisher=Biota of North America Program}}</ref><ref name="GardenPlants">{{cite book|title=Carpinus betulus|publisher=2.nd Ed., The Royal Horticultural Society, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, London, pp. 234, 235}}</ref><ref name=MP>{{cite book|title=Miscellaneous Publication|date=1972|publisher=[[U.S. Department of Agriculture]]|page=297|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qckjAQAAMAAJ&q=Hornbeam+larvae&pg=PA297}}</ref><ref name="nottingham science">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/E3H3ElNggeo Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512224911/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3H3ElNggeo&list=PL3E28E3F38ACCE317 Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3H3ElNggeo |title=The Hornbeam's Heartbeat |last1=Eichhorn |first1=Markus |last2=Haran |first2=Brady |date=2011-12-01 |website=test-tube.org.uk |publisher=[[University of Nottingham]] |access-date=2012-12-30}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="kewchecklist">{{Cite web |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=34286 |title=''Carpinus'' L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753) |website=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]}}</ref>
'''Carpinus''' atau '''karpinus''' adalah [[pohon]] kayu keras dalam keluarga [[Betulaceae]]. Sebanyak 30–40 spesies terdapat di sebagian besar wilayah beriklim sedang di [[Belahan Bumi utara|Belahan Bumi Utara]].<ref name=kewchecklist/><ref name=Pigg2003>{{cite journal |last1=Pigg |first1=K.B. |last2=Manchester |first2=S.R. |last3=Wehr |first3=W.C. |year=2003 |title=''Corylus'', ''Carpinus'', and ''Palaeocarpinus'' (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America |journal= International Journal of Plant Sciences |volume=164 |issue= 5 |pages=807–822 |doi=10.1086/376816|s2cid=19802370 }}</ref><ref name="Forest2005">{{cite journal |last1=Forest |first1=F. |last2=Savolainen |first2=V. |last3=Chase |first3=M. W. |last4=Lupia |first4=R. |last5=Bruneau |first5=A. |last6=Crane |first6=P. R. |year=2005 |title=Teasing apart molecular- versus fossil-based error estimates when dating phylogenetic trees: a case study in the birch family (Betulaceae) |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=118–133|doi=10.1600/0363644053661850 |s2cid=86080433 }}</ref><ref name=Stace>{{cite book|last=Stace|first=C. A.|author-link = Stace, C. A.|year=2010|title=New Flora of the British Isles|edition=Third|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location = Cambridge, UK| isbn=9780521707725}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cutler |first1=Tony |title=The world encyclopedia of trees : a reference and identification guide to 1300 of the world's most significant trees |publisher=Lorenz Books, [London, England?] |isbn=0754834751}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hornbeam, American (Musclewood) {{!}} Nebraska Forest Service |url=https://nfs.unl.edu/woody-plants/musclewood-hornbeam#:~:text=Tree%20Characteristics&text=The%20smooth%2C%20gray%20trunk%20and,member%20of%20the%20birch%20family. |website=nfs.unl.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The complete encyclopedia of trees of the world : the ultimate reference and identification guide to more than 1300 of the most spectacular, best-loved and unusual trees around the globe, with 3000 specially commissioned illustrations, maps and photographs |isbn=1015282601}}</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=105705 Flora of China, Vol. 4 Page 289, <big>鹅耳枥属</big> e er li shu, ''Carpinus'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753. ]</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=105705 Flora of North America, Vol. 3, Hornbeam, ''Carpinus'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 432, 1754. ]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index2.php?scientific-name=carpinus+betulus |title=''Carpinus betulus'' L. |website=Altervista Flora Italiana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Carpinus |title=2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps |publisher=Biota of North America Program}}</ref><ref name="GardenPlants">{{cite book|title=Carpinus betulus|publisher=2.nd Ed., The Royal Horticultural Society, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, London, pp. 234, 235}}</ref><ref name=MP>{{cite book|title=Miscellaneous Publication|date=1972|publisher=[[U.S. Department of Agriculture]]|page=297|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qckjAQAAMAAJ&q=Hornbeam+larvae&pg=PA297}}</ref><ref name="kewchecklist">{{Cite web |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=34286 |title=''Carpinus'' L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753) |website=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]}}</ref><ref name="nottingham science">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/E3H3ElNggeo Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512224911/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3H3ElNggeo&list=PL3E28E3F38ACCE317 Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3H3ElNggeo |title=The Hornbeam's Heartbeat |last1=Eichhorn |first1=Markus |last2=Haran |first2=Brady |date=2011-12-01 |website=test-tube.org.uk |publisher=[[University of Nottingham]] |access-date=2012-12-30}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

[[Kategori:Takson yang diberi nama oleh Carolus Linnaeus]]
[[Kategori:Takson yang diberi nama oleh Carolus Linnaeus]]
[[Kategori:Betulaceae]]
[[Kategori:Betulaceae]]

Revisi terkini sejak 10 September 2024 13.37

Karpinus
Periode 49.42–0 jtyl
Ypresian - Recent
Carpinus Edit nilai pada Wikidata

European hornbeam foliage
Tumbuhan
Jenis buahnucule (en) Terjemahkan Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Taksonomi
KerajaanPlantae
DivisiTracheophytes
OrdoFagales
FamiliBetulaceae
GenusCarpinus Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Linnaeus, 1753
Tipe taksonomiCarpinus betulus Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Tata nama
Sinonim taksonDistegocarpus Siebold & Zucc[1]

Carpinus atau karpinus adalah pohon kayu keras dalam keluarga Betulaceae. Sebanyak 30–40 spesies terdapat di sebagian besar wilayah beriklim sedang di Belahan Bumi Utara.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][1][14]

Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ a b c "Carpinus L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 
  2. ^ Pigg, K.B.; Manchester, S.R.; Wehr, W.C. (2003). "Corylus, Carpinus, and Palaeocarpinus (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 164 (5): 807–822. doi:10.1086/376816. 
  3. ^ Forest, F.; Savolainen, V.; Chase, M. W.; Lupia, R.; Bruneau, A.; Crane, P. R. (2005). "Teasing apart molecular- versus fossil-based error estimates when dating phylogenetic trees: a case study in the birch family (Betulaceae)". Systematic Botany. 30 (1): 118–133. doi:10.1600/0363644053661850. 
  4. ^ Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles (edisi ke-Third). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521707725. 
  5. ^ Cutler, Tony. The world encyclopedia of trees : a reference and identification guide to 1300 of the world's most significant trees. Lorenz Books, [London, England?]. ISBN 0754834751. 
  6. ^ "Hornbeam, American (Musclewood) | Nebraska Forest Service". nfs.unl.edu. 
  7. ^ The complete encyclopedia of trees of the world : the ultimate reference and identification guide to more than 1300 of the most spectacular, best-loved and unusual trees around the globe, with 3000 specially commissioned illustrations, maps and photographs. ISBN 1015282601. 
  8. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 4 Page 289, 鹅耳枥属 e er li shu, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753.
  9. ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 3, Hornbeam, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 432, 1754.
  10. ^ "Carpinus betulus L". Altervista Flora Italiana. 
  11. ^ "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". Biota of North America Program. 
  12. ^ Carpinus betulus. 2.nd Ed., The Royal Horticultural Society, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, London, pp. 234, 235. 
  13. ^ Miscellaneous Publication. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1972. hlm. 297. 
  14. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Eichhorn, Markus; Haran, Brady (2011-12-01). "The Hornbeam's Heartbeat". test-tube.org.uk. University of Nottingham. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-30. 
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