Lompat ke isi

Charles Taylor: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Barcex (bicara | kontrib)
15 suntingan
image to be deleted from commons
Wadaihangit (bicara | kontrib)
18.834 suntingan
k Menambahkan foto ke infobox #WPWP
 
(64 revisi perantara oleh 38 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{terjemah|Inggris}}
⚫
{{Infobox_President

⚫
| name=Charles Ghankay Taylor
⚫
{{Infobox_President
| image=
⚫
| name = Charles Ghankay Taylor
⚫
| order=Presiden Liberia Ke-22
| image = President Charles Taylor.png
⚫
| term_start=[[2 Agustus]] [[1997]]
⚫
| order = [[Presiden Liberia]] Ke-22
⚫
| term_end=[[11 Agustus]] [[2003]]
⚫
| term_start = [[2 Agustus]] [[1997]]
⚫
| vicepresident=[[Moses Blah]]
⚫
| term_end = [[11 Agustus]] [[2003]]
⚫
| predecessor=[[Samuel Doe]]
| successor=[[Moses Blah]]
| vicepresident = [[Moses Blah]]
⚫
| predecessor = [[Ruth Perry]]
| birth_date=[[28 Januari]] [[1948]]
⚫
| successor = [[Moses Blah]]
⚫
| birth_place=[[Arthington, Liberia]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1948|1|28}}
| party=[[National Patriotic Party|National Patriotic]]
⚫
| birth_place = [[Arthington, Liberia]]
| party = [[Partai Patriotik Nasional|Patriotik Nasional]]
}}
}}
[[File:President Charles Taylor.png|thumb|Charles Taylor]]

'''Charles Ghankay Taylor''' ({{lahirmati|[[Arthington]], [[Liberia]]|28|1|1948}}) adalah pemimpin [[Liberia]] yang menjadi [[Presiden Liberia]] ke-22. Ia mulai menjabat pada [[2 Agustus]] [[1997]] hingga [[11 Agustus]] [[2003]]. Ia menghadapi 11 tuntutan, antara lain mendukung pemberontakan dalam perang saudara di [[Sierra Leone]] yang berlangsung selama satu dekade. Setelah ditangkap, ia menghadapi pengadilan bentukan PBB di Sierra Leone. Penanganan kejahatan dilakukan di [[Den Haag]] ([[Belanda]]).

Pada tanggal 4 Juni 2007, ia mengacaukan awal peradilan kejahatan perangnya dengan memboikot proses pembahasan kasusnya dan memecat pengacaranya.<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070604/ap_on_re_af/war_crimes_taylor;_ylt=AoH3KCalDcqfb6CfyIZ54.NvaA8F "Taylor boycotts his war crimes trial"], [[Yahoo]], diakses Juni 2007</ref>


'''Charles Ghankay Taylor''' (lahir [[28 Januari]] [[1948]]) adalah pemimpin [[Liberia]] yang menjadi [[Presiden Liberia]] pada [[27 Agustus]] [[1997]] hingga [[11 Agustus]] [[2003]]. <!--He was a prominent [[warlord]] in the [[Liberian Civil War]] in the early 1990s, was elected president, was forced into [[exile]], and now faces trial.
<!--He was a prominent [[warlord]] in the [[Liberian Civil War]] in the early 1990s, was elected president, was forced into [[exile]], and now faces trial.


In December 1989 Taylor launched an armed uprising from [[Côte d'Ivoire]]. His forces, known as the [[National Patriotic Front of Liberia]] (NPFL), soon controlled most of the country. Then-president [[Samuel Doe]] was overthrown, and tortured to death the following year by [[Yormie Johnson|Prince Johnson]], at that time an ally of Taylor. Doe's fall led to the [[politics|political]] fragmentation of the country into violent factionalism. In mid-1990, Prince Johnson's supporters split from Taylor's group and captured Monrovia for themselves, depriving Taylor of outright victory.
In December 1989 Taylor launched an armed uprising from [[Côte d'Ivoire]]. His forces, known as the [[National Patriotic Front of Liberia]] (NPFL), soon controlled most of the country. Then-president [[Samuel Doe]] was overthrown, and tortured to death the following year by [[Yormie Johnson|Prince Johnson]], at that time an ally of Taylor. Doe's fall led to the [[politics|political]] fragmentation of the country into violent factionalism. In mid-1990, Prince Johnson's supporters split from Taylor's group and captured Monrovia for themselves, depriving Taylor of outright victory.
Baris 22: Baris 29:


== Early Years ==
== Early Years ==
Charles Taylor was born in [[Arthington, Liberia|Arthington]], a city near [[Monrovia]]. His mother was a member of the [[Gola (ethnic group)|Gola]] ethnic group. According to most reports his father was an [[Americo-Liberian]], although other sources claim he was actually an [[Afro-Trinidadian]] immigrant. Taylor was a student at [[Bentley College]] in [[Waltham, MA|Waltham]], [[Massachusetts]] from 1972 to 1977, earning a degree in economics.
Charles Taylor was born in [[Arthington, Liberia|Arthington]], a city near [[Monrovia]]. His mother was a member of the [[Gola (ethnic group)|Gola]] ethnic group. According to most reports his father was an [[Americo-Liberian]], although other sources claim he was actually an [[Afro-Trinidadian]] immigrant. Taylor was a student at [[Bentley College]] in [[Waltham, MA|Waltham]], [[Massachusetts]] from 1972 to 1977, earning a degree in economics.


He was briefly arrested in 1979 after threatening to take over the Liberian [[diplomat]]ic mission in [[New York City|New York]] and was accused of embezzling roughly $900,000 as head of Liberia's General Services Administration. On [[May 24]], [[1984]], two [[United States Marshals Service|US Deputy Marshal]]s arrested Taylor in [[Somerville, Massachusetts]], on a warrant for extradition to face charges of embezzling $922,000 of government funds, intended for machinery parts, into a New York bank account. Citing a fear of assassination by Liberian agents, it was announced by Taylor's lawyer, former US Attorney General [[Ramsey Clark]], that Taylor would fight extradition from the safety of jail. He was detained in a House of Corrections in [[Plymouth, Massachusetts]]. On Sunday, [[September 15]], [[1985]], sometime around 8:30 pm, Taylor and four other inmates escaped from the jail by sawing through a bar covering a window in an unused laundry room. After dropping 12 feet to the ground by means of a knotted sheet, the five inmates climbed a fence. Shortly thereafter, Taylor and two other escapees were met at nearby Jordan Hospital by Taylor's wife, Enid Taylor, and Taylor's sister-in-law, Lucia Holmes Toweh. A getaway car was driven to [[Staten Island]], where Taylor then disappeared. The first escapee to be caught was apprehended on [[September 18]] in [[Brockton, Massachusetts]]; eventually all four of Taylor's fellow escapees would be tracked down, and Enid Taylor and Lucia Holmes Toweh were ordered held without bail on [[September 23]] for driving the getaway car. Taylor managed to flee the United States and shortly thereafter ended up in Libya where he underwent guerilla training under [[Muammar Qaddafi]]. Eventually he left Libya and used the training he gained there to begin a civil war in [[Liberia]].
He was briefly arrested in 1979 after threatening to take over the Liberian [[diplomat]]ic mission in [[New York City|New York]] and was accused of embezzling roughly $900,000 as head of Liberia's General Services Administration. On [[May 24]], [[1984]], two [[United States Marshals Service|US Deputy Marshal]]s arrested Taylor in [[Somerville, Massachusetts]], on a warrant for extradition to face charges of embezzling $922,000 of government funds, intended for machinery parts, into a New York bank account. Citing a fear of assassination by Liberian agents, it was announced by Taylor's lawyer, former US Attorney General [[Ramsey Clark]], that Taylor would fight extradition from the safety of jail. He was detained in a House of Corrections in [[Plymouth, Massachusetts]]. On Sunday, [[September 15]], [[1985]], sometime around 8:30 pm, Taylor and four other inmates escaped from the jail by sawing through a bar covering a window in an unused laundry room. After dropping 12 feet to the ground by means of a knotted sheet, the five inmates climbed a fence. Shortly thereafter, Taylor and two other escapees were met at nearby Jordan Hospital by Taylor's wife, Enid Taylor, and Taylor's sister-in-law, Lucia Holmes Toweh. A getaway car was driven to [[Staten Island]], where Taylor then disappeared. The first escapee to be caught was apprehended on [[September 18]] in [[Brockton, Massachusetts]]; eventually all four of Taylor's fellow escapees would be tracked down, and Enid Taylor and Lucia Holmes Toweh were ordered held without bail on [[September 23]] for driving the getaway car. Taylor managed to flee the United States and shortly thereafter ended up in Libya where he underwent guerilla training under [[Muammar Qaddafi]]. Eventually he left Libya and used the training he gained there to begin a civil war in [[Liberia]].
Baris 48: Baris 55:
During his absence for the peace talks in Ghana, it is alleged that the US urged the [[vice president]], [[Moses Blah]], to seize power. Upon his return, Taylor briefly dismissed Blah from his post, only to reinstate him a few days later. Meanwhile, the rebel group LURD initiated a siege of Monrovia, and several bloody battles were fought as Taylor's forces defeated rebel attempts to capture the city. The pressure on Taylor increased further as [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] stated that Taylor "must leave Liberia" twice in July 2003.
During his absence for the peace talks in Ghana, it is alleged that the US urged the [[vice president]], [[Moses Blah]], to seize power. Upon his return, Taylor briefly dismissed Blah from his post, only to reinstate him a few days later. Meanwhile, the rebel group LURD initiated a siege of Monrovia, and several bloody battles were fought as Taylor's forces defeated rebel attempts to capture the city. The pressure on Taylor increased further as [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] stated that Taylor "must leave Liberia" twice in July 2003.


Taylor insisted that he would resign only if American [[peacekeeping]] troops were deployed to Liberia. President Bush publicly called upon Charles Taylor to resign and leave the country if any American involvement was to be considered. Meanwhile, the African states, in particular the [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS), under the leadership of Nigeria, sent troops to Liberia with the assistance of $10 million from the US[http://www.weeklyholiday.net/290803/inter.html]. On [[August 6]], a 32 member U.S. military assessment team were deployed as a liaison with the ECOWAS troops[http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/07/07/liberia/]. On [[July 9]], Nigerian President [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] offered Taylor safe exile in his country, but only if Taylor stayed out of Liberian politics[http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/07/09/liberia/].
Taylor insisted that he would resign only if American [[peacekeeping]] troops were deployed to Liberia. President Bush publicly called upon Charles Taylor to resign and leave the country if any American involvement was to be considered. Meanwhile, the African states, in particular the [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS), under the leadership of Nigeria, sent troops to Liberia with the assistance of $10 million from the US[http://www.weeklyholiday.net/290803/inter.html]. On [[August 6]], a 32 member U.S. military assessment team were deployed as a liaison with the ECOWAS troops[http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/07/07/liberia/]. On [[July 9]], Nigerian President [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] offered Taylor safe exile in his country, but only if Taylor stayed out of Liberian politics[http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/07/09/liberia/].


On [[August 10]], Charles Taylor appeared on national television in Liberia to announce that he would resign the following day and hand power to the nation's vice president, Moses Blah. He harshly criticized the United States in his [[farewell address]], saying that the Bush administration's insistence that he leave the country was a foolish policy that would hurt Liberia.
On [[August 10]], Charles Taylor appeared on national television in Liberia to announce that he would resign the following day and hand power to the nation's vice president, Moses Blah. He harshly criticized the United States in his [[farewell address]], saying that the Bush administration's insistence that he leave the country was a foolish policy that would hurt Liberia.
Baris 62: Baris 69:


==Disappearance and arrest==
==Disappearance and arrest==
According to a statement released on [[March 28]], [[2006]] by Nigeria's government, Charles Taylor disappeared from the seaside villa where he had been living in exile. This was three days after the Nigerian government said it would end his asylum and allow him to face an indictment by the [[Special Court for Sierra Leone]].{{ref|polgreen}}
According to a statement released on [[March 28]], [[2006]] by Nigeria's government, Charles Taylor disappeared from the seaside villa where he had been living in exile. This was three days after the Nigerian government said it would end his asylum and allow him to face an indictment by the [[Special Court for Sierra Leone]].{{ref|polgreen}}


On [[March 29]], [[2006]], Taylor tried to cross the border into [[Cameroon]], but was arrested by the security forces in the border town of [[Gamboru]] in northeastern [[Nigeria]]. Guarded by Irish UN soldiers, he was put on a plane bound for [[Liberia]] and arrived in [[Monrovia]] shortly after 4:30 pm (1630 GMT). Taylor was immediately transferred onto a [[UN]] helicopter headed for [[Freetown]], [[Sierra Leone]].
On [[March 29]], [[2006]], Taylor tried to cross the border into [[Cameroon]], but was arrested by the security forces in the border town of [[Gamboru]] in northeastern [[Nigeria]]. Guarded by Irish UN soldiers, he was put on a plane bound for [[Liberia]] and arrived in [[Monrovia]] shortly after 4:30 pm (1630 GMT). Taylor was immediately transferred onto a [[UN]] helicopter headed for [[Freetown]], [[Sierra Leone]].


Only days after Taylor's arrest, his son [[Charles McArthur Emmanuel]], known as Charles "Chuckie" Taylor Jr. was arrested in [[Miami]], charged with passport fraud. [http://wireservice.wired.com/wired/story.asp?section=Breaking&storyId=1505211]
Only days after Taylor's arrest, his son [[Charles McArthur Emmanuel]], known as Charles "Chuckie" Taylor Jr. was arrested in [[Miami]], charged with passport fraud. [http://wireservice.wired.com/wired/story.asp?section=Breaking&storyId=1505211]

Pada Oktober 2021, Charles Taylor, yang dijatuhi hukuman 50 tahun penjara karena kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan pada 2012 karena perannya selama perang saudara di Sierra Leone, mengajukan pengaduan terhadap Liberia karena "tidak membayar pensiunnya". Keluhan ini diajukan ke Pengadilan Masyarakat Ekonomi Negara-negara Afrika Barat (ECOWAS).


==Trial in Sierra Leone==
==Trial in Sierra Leone==
Baris 75: Baris 84:


==Taylor and Kilari Anand Paul==
==Taylor and Kilari Anand Paul==
Charles Taylor has obtained spiritual and other advice from the evangelist [[Kilari Anand Paul]].[http://www.newyorker.com/talk/content/?030901ta_talk_finnegan]
Charles Taylor has obtained spiritual and other advice from the evangelist [[Kilari Anand Paul]].[http://www.newyorker.com/talk/content/?030901ta_talk_finnegan] -->


== References ==
== Referensi ==
#''The Liberian Civil War'' by Mark Huband, 1998
# ''The Liberian Civil War'' by Mark Huband, 1998
#{{note|perspective}}"The Mysterious Death of a Fugitive". ''The Perspective''. Atlanta, Georgia May 7, 2003[http://www.theperspective.org/fugitivebockarie.html]
# {{note|perspective}}"The Mysterious Death of a Fugitive". ''The Perspective''. Atlanta, Georgia May 7, 2003 [http://www.theperspective.org/fugitivebockarie.html]
#{{note|hirsch}}Hirsch, John L. "Sierra Leone: Diamonds and the Struggle for Democracy". Boulder, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001
# {{note|hirsch}}Hirsch, John L. "Sierra Leone: Diamonds and the Struggle for Democracy". Boulder, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001
#{{note|polgreen}}Polgreen, Lydia. "Nigeria Says Ex-President of Liberia Has Disappeared". ''The New York Times''. 29 March 2006. [http://nytimes.com/2006/03/29/international/africa/29liberia.html]
# {{note|polgreen}}Polgreen, Lydia. "Nigeria Says Ex-President of Liberia Has Disappeared". ''The New York Times''. 29 March 2006. [http://nytimes.com/2006/03/29/international/africa/29liberia.html]
#{{note|cbc}}"Charles Taylor jailed in Sierra Leone". ''CBC News'', 29 March 2006. [http://www.cbc.ca/story/world/national/2006/03/29/taylor-arrest.html]
# {{note|cbc}}"Charles Taylor jailed in Sierra Leone". ''CBC News'', 29 March 2006. [http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2006/03/29/taylor-arrest.html]
#{{note|sc-sl}}de Silva, Desmond, QC, Chief Prosecutor, Special Court for Sierra Leone. "Chief Prosecutor Announces the Arrival of Charles Taylor at the Special Court". Press Release from the Special Court for Sierra Leone, 29 March 2006. [http://www.sc-sl.org/Press/prosecutor-032906.pdf]
# {{note|sc-sl}}de Silva, Desmond, QC, Chief Prosecutor, Special Court for Sierra Leone. "Chief Prosecutor Announces the Arrival of Charles Taylor at the Special Court". Press Release from the Special Court for Sierra Leone, 29 March 2006. [http://www.sc-sl.org/Press/prosecutor-032906.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201194256/http://www.sc-sl.org/Press/prosecutor-032906.pdf |date=2007-12-01 }}
#{{note|sizemore}}Sizemore, Bill. "Robertson, Liberian Leader Hope to Strike Gold in Coastal Africa." ''The Virginian-Pilot''. 2 June 1999. (Copy found at [http://groups.google.com/group/misc.activism.progressive/browse_thread/thread/dca03c4012450e0c/f230a667e3ff73d5].)
# {{note|sizemore}}Sizemore, Bill. "Robertson, Liberian Leader Hope to Strike Gold in Coastal Africa." ''The Virginian-Pilot''. 2 June 1999. (Copy found at [http://groups.google.com/group/misc.activism.progressive/browse_thread/thread/dca03c4012450e0c/f230a667e3ff73d5].)

== Referensi ==

{{reflist}}

== Pranala luar ==

⚫
* {{en}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2963086.stm BBC profile of Charles Taylor]
⚫
* {{en}} [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/currentawareness/taylor.php Charles Taylor legal news and resources],[[JURIST]]
⚫
* {{en}} [http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/forumy/2006/03/handing-over-charles-taylor-its-time.php Handing Over Charles Taylor: It's Time], [[JURIST]] (op-ed by David Crane, former Chief Prosecutor for the Special Court for Sierra Leone who signed the indictment for Charles Taylor)
⚫
* {{en}} [http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/03/25/taylor.liberia/index.html Nigeria agrees to hand Taylor over to Liberia]
⚫
* {{en}} [http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060328/wl_nm/nigeria_taylor_dc_1;_ylt=AuNdL7glXzfJ7o4J6wzZ52MV6w8F;_ylu=X3oDMTA2ZGZwam4yBHNlYwNmYw-- Wanted Liberian ex-president disappears (Reuters)]
⚫
* {{en}} [http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/03/29/taylor.profile/index.html "Charles Taylor: A wanted man"], CNN, March 29, 2006.
⚫
* {{en}} [http://www.sc-sl.org/ Special Court for Sierra Leone]
⚫
* {{en}} [http://www.trial-ch.org/trialwatch/profiles/en/facts/p98.html The trial of Charles Taylor - TRIAL WATCH] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051115090137/http://www.trial-ch.org/trialwatch/profiles/en/facts/p98.html |date=2005-11-15 }}
⚫
* {{en}} [http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0407_taylor.html Charles Taylor on Trial] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510044646/http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0407_taylor.html |date=2006-05-10 }} [[U.S. Institute of Peace]], April 7, 2006 (Audio)


==External links==
⚫
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2963086.stm BBC profile of Charles Taylor]
⚫
*[http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/currentawareness/taylor.php Charles Taylor legal news and resources],[[JURIST]]
⚫
*[http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/forumy/2006/03/handing-over-charles-taylor-its-time.php Handing Over Charles Taylor: It's Time], [[JURIST]] (op-ed by David Crane, former Chief Prosecutor for the Special Court for Sierra Leone who signed the indictment for Charles Taylor)
⚫
*[http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/03/25/taylor.liberia/index.html Nigeria agrees to hand Taylor over to Liberia]
⚫
*[http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060328/wl_nm/nigeria_taylor_dc_1;_ylt=AuNdL7glXzfJ7o4J6wzZ52MV6w8F;_ylu=X3oDMTA2ZGZwam4yBHNlYwNmYw-- Wanted Liberian ex-president disappears (Reuters)]
⚫
*[http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/03/29/taylor.profile/index.html "Charles Taylor: A wanted man"], CNN, March 29, 2006.
⚫
* [http://www.sc-sl.org/ Special Court for Sierra Leone]
⚫
* [http://www.trial-ch.org/trialwatch/profiles/en/facts/p98.html The trial of Charles Taylor - TRIAL WATCH]
⚫
* [http://www.usip.org/events/2006/0407_taylor.html Charles Taylor on Trial] [[U.S. Institute of Peace]], April 7, 2006 (Audio)
-->
{{start box}}
{{start box}}
{{succession box|title=[[Presiden Liberia]]|before=[[Ruth Perry]]|after=[[Moses Blah]]|years=1997&ndash;2003}}
{{succession box|title=[[Presiden Liberia]]|before=[[Ruth Perry]]|after=[[Moses Blah]]|years=1997–2003}}
{{end box}}
{{end box}}


[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1948|Taylor, Charles]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Taylor, Charles}}
[[Kategori:Presiden Liberia|Taylor, Charles]]
[[Kategori:Presiden Liberia]]

[[cs:Charles Taylor]]
[[da:Charles Taylor]]
[[de:Charles Taylor (Liberia)]]
[[en:Charles Taylor]]
[[es:Charles Taylor]]
[[et:Charles Ghankay Taylor]]
[[he:צ'ארלס טיילור]]
[[fr:Charles Ghankay Taylor]]
[[it:Charles Taylor]]
[[ja:チャールズ・テーラー]]
[[nl:Charles Taylor (Liberia)]]
[[pl:Charles Taylor]]
[[sv:Charles Taylor]]
[[fi:Charles Taylor]]

Revisi terkini sejak 17 Juli 2024 08.56

Charles Ghankay Taylor
Presiden Liberia Ke-22
Masa jabatan
2 Agustus 1997 – 11 Agustus 2003
Wakil PresidenMoses Blah
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Ruth Perry
Pengganti
Moses Blah
Sebelum
Informasi pribadi
Lahir28 Januari 1948 (umur 76)
Arthington, Liberia
Partai politikPatriotik Nasional
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • L • B
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini
Charles Taylor

Charles Ghankay Taylor (lahir 28 Januari 1948) adalah pemimpin Liberia yang menjadi Presiden Liberia ke-22. Ia mulai menjabat pada 2 Agustus 1997 hingga 11 Agustus 2003. Ia menghadapi 11 tuntutan, antara lain mendukung pemberontakan dalam perang saudara di Sierra Leone yang berlangsung selama satu dekade. Setelah ditangkap, ia menghadapi pengadilan bentukan PBB di Sierra Leone. Penanganan kejahatan dilakukan di Den Haag (Belanda).

Pada tanggal 4 Juni 2007, ia mengacaukan awal peradilan kejahatan perangnya dengan memboikot proses pembahasan kasusnya dan memecat pengacaranya.[1]


Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. The Liberian Civil War by Mark Huband, 1998
  2. ^"The Mysterious Death of a Fugitive". The Perspective. Atlanta, Georgia May 7, 2003 [1]
  3. ^Hirsch, John L. "Sierra Leone: Diamonds and the Struggle for Democracy". Boulder, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001
  4. ^Polgreen, Lydia. "Nigeria Says Ex-President of Liberia Has Disappeared". The New York Times. 29 March 2006. [2]
  5. ^"Charles Taylor jailed in Sierra Leone". CBC News, 29 March 2006. [3]
  6. ^de Silva, Desmond, QC, Chief Prosecutor, Special Court for Sierra Leone. "Chief Prosecutor Announces the Arrival of Charles Taylor at the Special Court". Press Release from the Special Court for Sierra Leone, 29 March 2006. [4] Diarsipkan 2007-12-01 di Wayback Machine.
  7. ^Sizemore, Bill. "Robertson, Liberian Leader Hope to Strike Gold in Coastal Africa." The Virginian-Pilot. 2 June 1999. (Copy found at [5].)

Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ "Taylor boycotts his war crimes trial", Yahoo, diakses Juni 2007

Pranala luar

[sunting | sunting sumber]
Didahului oleh:
Ruth Perry 		Presiden Liberia
1997–2003 		Diteruskan oleh:
Moses Blah
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=Charles_Taylor&oldid=26045112"