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{{Starbox begin
[[Berkas:Gliese_581.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Gliese 581]]
| name = Gliese 581
}}
{{Starbox image
| image = [[Berkas:SunGliese581.png]]
| caption = Ukuran Matahari (kiri) dan Gliese 581 (kanan).}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = J2000.0
| constell = [[Libra]]<ref name="NASA">{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Yvette|title=NASA and NSF-Funded Research Finds First Potentially Habitable Exoplanet|url=http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/gliese_581_feature.html|website=nasa.gov|publisher=NASA|accessdate=9 June 2016|archive-date=2013-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310091735/http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/gliese_581_feature.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| ra = {{RA|15|19|26.8269}}<ref name="Gaia2016"/>
| dec = {{DEC|−07|43|20.189}}<ref name="Gaia2016"/>
| appmag_v = 10.56&nbsp;to&nbsp;10.58{{refn|group=note|Gliese 581 is classified as a [[BY Draconis variable]] in the [[General Catalogue of Variable Stars]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Lopez-Morales |first=M. |display-authors=etal |date=2006 |title=Limits to Transits of the Neptune-mass planet orbiting Gl 581 |journal=[[Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific]] |volume=118 |pages=1506–1509 |doi=10.1086/508904 |quote=V* HO Lib … BY Draconis |arxiv=astro-ph/0609255 |bibcode=2006PASP..118.1506L |issue=849}} (page 2 of pre-print submitted 9 September 2006)</ref> This catalog gives a maximum magnitude of 10.56 and minimum of magnitude 10.58 for a relatively low 20 mmag (0.020 magnitudes) variability.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Sternberg Astronomical Institute]] |title=General Catalogue of Variable Stars Query results |url=http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/cgi-bin/search.cgi?search=HO+Lib |accessdate=2009-04-27 |archive-date=2021-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923213559/http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/cgi-bin/search.cgi?search=HO+Lib |dead-url=no }}</ref> For full data see [http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/gcvs/iii/html/ data description] and {{cite web |publisher=Sternberg Astronomical Institute |url=http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/gcvs/iii/iii.dat |title=The combined table of GCVS Vols I-III and NL 67-78 with improved coordinates, General Catalogue of Variable Stars |accessdate=2009-04-27 |archive-date=2017-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620004609/http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/gcvs/iii/iii.dat |dead-url=yes }} }}
}}
{{Starbox character
| class = M3V<ref name="bonfils"><cite id="bonfils">{{cite journal |last=Bonfils |first=X. |display-authors=etal |date=2005 |title=The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets VI: A Neptune-mass planet around the nearby M dwarf Gl 581 |journal=[[Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters]] |volume=443 |pages=L15–L18 |bibcode=2005A&A...443L..15B |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200500193 |arxiv=astro-ph/0509211 |issue=3 }}</cite></ref>
| b-v = 1.61<ref name="sb0">{{ cite simbad | title=GJ 581 | accessdate=2008-08-21 }}</ref>
| variable = [[BY Draconis variable|BY Dra]]<ref name=gcvs>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009yCat....102025S|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007–2013)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally published in: 2009yCat....102025S|volume=1|display-authors=etal|author1=Samus|first1=N. N.|last2=Durlevich|first2=O. V.|year=2009}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|In 1994 Edward Weis concluded that Gliese 581, like half the 43 dwarf M stars he studied over a multi-year period, showed long term variability (and page 1137, Fig 1 shows Gliese 581 had magnitude 10.58 in 1982 and between 10.57 and 10.56 from 1985 to 1990).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Weis |first=E. W. |date=1994 |title=Long term variability in dwarf M stars |journal=[[The Astronomical Journal]] |volume=107 |issue=3 |pages=1138 |bibcode=1994AJ....107.1135W |doi=10.1086/116925 }}</ref> Bonfils noted in 2005 that Gliese 581 "has been classified as a variable star (HO Lib), but its variability (Weis 1994) is only marginally significant. If real it would be on a time scale of several years, with short term variability being at most ∼0.006 mag."<ref>[[#bonfils|Bonfils]] page L15</ref> Measurements by [[Microvariability and Oscillations of STars telescope|MOST]] showed short term variability of about 5 mmag (half a percent) over a period of a few weeks.<ref>{{cite web |last=Matthews |first=J. M. |display-authors=etal |date=2007 |title=MOST Exoplanet System Photometry |url=http://nexsci.caltech.edu/workshop/2007/Matthews.pdf |pages=80 |accessdate=2009-04-27 |format=PDF |archive-date=2022-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007015654/https://nexsci.caltech.edu/workshop/2007/Matthews.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref>}}
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v = −9.5 ± 0.5<ref name="sb0" />
| prop_mo_ra = −1 221.289 ± 0.160<ref name="Gaia2016"/>
| prop_mo_dec = −97.237 ± 0.105<ref name="Gaia2016"/>
| parallax = 158.64
| p_error = 0.35
| parallax_footnote = <ref name="Gaia2016"/>
| absmag_v = 11.6<ref>From apparent magnitude and parallax.</ref>
}}
{{Starbox detail
| mass = 0.31<ref name="epe">{{cite web |title=Star: Gliese 581 |url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581 |publisher=[[Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] |quote=Mass 0.31 M<sub>Sun</sub>, Age {{val|8|+3|-1}} Gyr |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68uUsn7yC?url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581 |archivedate=4 July 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| radius = {{val|0.299|0.010}}<ref name="von Braun2011"/>
| luminosity_bolometric= 0.013<ref name="bonfils" />
| luminosity_visual = 0.002<ref group="note" name="luminosity_visual" />
| temperature = {{nowrap|3,480 ± 48}}<ref name="apj653">{{cite journal |last=Bean |first=J. L |last2=Benedict |first2=G. F. |last3=Endl |first3=M. |date=2006 |title=Metallicities of M Dwarf Planet Hosts from Spectral Synthesis |journal=[[Astrophysical Journal Letters]] |volume=653 | issue=1 | pages=L65–L68 |bibcode=2006ApJ...653L..65B |doi=10.1086/510527|arxiv = astro-ph/0611060 }}</ref>
| gravity = {{val|4.92|0.10}}<ref name=apj653 />
| metal_fe = −0.33 ± 0.12<ref name="apj653" />
| age_gyr = [[1 E17 s|7 to 11]]<ref name="epe" /><ref>[[#Selsis|Selsis 3.4-page 1382]] "lower limit of the age that, considering the associated uncertainties, could be around 7 Gyr", "preliminary estimate", "should not be above 10–11 Gyr"</ref>
| rotation = {{Val|132.5|6.3|u=d}}<ref name=mnras452_3_2745 />
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names = [[Variable star designation|HO&nbsp;Librae]], [[Variable star designation|HO]]&nbsp;Lib, [[Durchmusterung|BD]]−07°4003, [[Gliese-Jahreiss catalogue|GJ]]&nbsp;581, [[Hipparcos Catalogue|HIP]]&nbsp;74995, [[Luyten Five-Tenths catalogue|LFT]]&nbsp;1195, [[Luyten Half-Second catalogue|LHS]]&nbsp;394, [[Luyten Proper-Motion catalogue|LPM]]&nbsp;564, [[Luyten Two-Tenths catalogue|LTT]]&nbsp;6112, [[New Luyten Two-Tenths catalogue|NLTT]]&nbsp;39886, [[Tycho Catalogue|TYC]]&nbsp;5594-1093-1, Wolf&nbsp;562.<ref name=sb0 /><ref name="catl">{{cite web |title=Entry 5594-1093-1 |url=http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=I/239/tyc_main&recno=585779 |work=The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues |publisher=[[Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg]] |id=ID [http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/Cat?I/239 I/239] |access-date=2018-05-18 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193228/http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=I%2F239%2Ftyc_main&recno=585779 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox reference
|Simbad = gl+581|sn=The star
|Simbad2 = gl+581+e|sn2=e
|Simbad3 = gl+581+b|sn3=b
|Simbad4 = gl+581+c|sn4=c
|Simbad5 = gl+581+d|sn5=d
|Simbad6 = gl+581+f|sn6=f (artifact)
|Simbad7 = gl+581+g|sn7=g
}}
{{Starbox end}}
'''Gliese 581''' ({{pronEng|ˈgliːzə}}) atau '''HO Librae''' adalah [[bintang]] [[katai merah]] dengan tipe spektrum M3V, terletak sejauh 20.3 tahun cahaya dari [[Bumi]]. Observasi menunjukan bahwa bintang ini diorbit oleh sedikitnya empat planet, yaitu Gliese 581 b, c, d, dan e. Bintang ini mendapat perhatian setelah [[Gliese 581 c]], [[eksoplanet]] yang ditemukan terletak di dekat [[zona laik hidup]] bintang ini pada April 2007.


Pada akhir September 2010. telah dketemukan lagi dua planet yang mengelilingi bintang ini, yaitu Gliese 581 f dan g.
'''Gliese 581''' ({{pronEng|ˈgliːzə}}) atau '''HO Librae''' adalah [[bintang]] [[katai merah]] dengan tipe spektrum M3V, terletak sejauh 20.3 tahun cahaya dari [[Bumi]]. Observasi menunjukan bahwa bintang ini diorbit oleh sedikitnya empat planet, yaitu Gliese 581 b, c, d, dan e. Bintang ini mendapat perhatian setelah [[Gliese 581 c]], [[planet luar surya]] yang ditemukan terletak di dekat [[zona layak hidup]] bintang ini pada April 2007.

Pada akhir September 2010. telah dketemukan lagi dua planet yang mengelilingi bintang ini, yaitu Gliese 581 f dan g.


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Nama
! Nama
! Massa <br>([[Massa bumi|M<sub>⊕</sub>]])
! Massa <br />([[Massa bumi|M<sub>⊕</sub>]])
! Periode orbit <br>([[hari]])
! Periode orbit <br />([[hari]])
! Aksis semimayor <br>([[Satuan astronomi|AU]])
! Aksis semimayor <br />([[Satuan astronomi|AU]])
! Eksentrisitas
! Eksentrisitas
|-
|-
| [[Gliese 581 e|e]]
| [[Gliese 581e|e]]
| &ge;1.7
| ≥1.7
| 3.14867 ± 0.00039
| 3.14867 ± 0.00039
| 0.0284533 ± 0.0000023
| 0.0284533 ± 0.0000023
| 0
| 0
|-
|-
| [[Gliese 581 b|b]]
| [[Gliese 581b|b]]
| &ge;15.6
| ≥15.6
| 5.36841 ± 0.00026
| 5.36841 ± 0.00026
| 0.0406163 ± 0.0000013
| 0.0406163 ± 0.0000013
| 0
| 0
|-
|-
| [[Gliese 581 c|c]]
| [[Gliese 581c|c]]
| &ge;5.6
| ≥5.6
| 12.9191 ± 0.0058
| 12.9191 ± 0.0058
| 0.072993 ± 0.000022
| 0.072993 ± 0.000022
| 0
| 0
|-
|-
| [[Gliese 581 g|g]]
| [[Gliese 581g|g]]
| &ge;3.1
| ≥3.1
| 36.562 ± 0.052
| 36.562 ± 0.052
| 0.14601 ± 0.00014
| 0.14601 ± 0.00014
Baris 38: Baris 87:
|-
|-
| [[Gliese 581 d|d]]
| [[Gliese 581 d|d]]
| &ge;5.6
| ≥5.6
| 66.87 ± 0.13
| 66.87 ± 0.13
| 0.21847 ± 0.00028
| 0.21847 ± 0.00028
Baris 44: Baris 93:
|-
|-
| [[Gliese 581 f|f]]
| [[Gliese 581 f|f]]
| &ge;7.0
| ≥7.0
| 433 ± 13
| 433 ± 13
| 0.758 ± 0.015
| 0.758 ± 0.015
| 0
| 0
|}
|}

== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}


== Pranala luar ==
== Pranala luar ==
{{wikinews|First earthlike planet outside solar system discovered}}
{{wikinews|First earthlike planet outside solar system discovered}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/070424_hab_exoplanet.html |title=SPACE.com - Major Discovery: New Planet Could Harbor Water and Life |publisher=Space.com |date= |accessdate=2008-10-20}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/070424_hab_exoplanet.html |title=SPACE.com - Major Discovery: New Planet Could Harbor Water and Life |publisher=Space.com |date= |accessdate=2008-10-20 |archive-date=2010-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224061707/http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/070424_hab_exoplanet.html |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/gl581.htm |title=Gliese 581 / HO Librae |publisher=Solstation.com |date= |accessdate=2008-10-20}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/gl581.htm |title=Gliese 581 / HO Librae |publisher=Solstation.com |date= |accessdate=2008-10-20 |archive-date=2008-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010163609/http://solstation.com/stars/gl581.htm |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070424/new_planet_070424/20070424?hub=SciTech |title=CTV.ca &#124; Earth-like planet found that may support life |publisher=Ctv.ca |date=Updated Wed. April 25 2007 11:05 AM ET |accessdate=2008-10-20}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070424/new_planet_070424/20070424?hub=SciTech |title=CTV.ca &#124; Earth-like planet found that may support life |publisher=Ctv.ca |date=Updated Wed. April 25 2007 11:05 AM ET |accessdate=2008-10-20 |archive-date=2007-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023075235/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070424/new_planet_070424/20070424?hub=SciTech |dead-url=yes }}
* [http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581 '''Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia''': Gl 581]
* [http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581 '''Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia''': Gl 581] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510094317/http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581 |date=2012-05-10 }}
* [http://www.satsig.net/seticalc.htm Do your own simulation of radio communications to or from Gliese 581]
* [http://www.satsig.net/seticalc.htm Do your own simulation of radio communications to or from Gliese 581] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223194115/http://www.satsig.net/seticalc.htm |date=2008-12-23 }}
* [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=25A261F0-E7F2-99DF-313249A4883E6A86&chanID=sa007 All Wet? Astronomers Claim Discovery of Earth-like Planet], [[Scientific American]]
* [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=25A261F0-E7F2-99DF-313249A4883E6A86&chanID=sa007 All Wet? Astronomers Claim Discovery of Earth-like Planet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013164438/http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=25A261F0-E7F2-99DF-313249A4883E6A86&chanID=sa007 |date=2007-10-13 }}, [[Scientific American]]
* [http://cc.joensuu.fi/~tniemi/starmaps/GJ581.png Position of Gliese 581 marked on local space.] (Top right corner)
* [http://cc.joensuu.fi/~tniemi/starmaps/GJ581.png Position of Gliese 581 marked on local space.] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100604044125/http%3A//cc.joensuu.fi/%7Etniemi/starmaps/GJ581.png |date=2010-06-04 }} (Top right corner)
* [http://www.allthesky.com/constellations/lib35.html Photo of Constellation Libra with Gliese 581]
* [http://www.allthesky.com/constellations/lib35.html Photo of Constellation Libra with Gliese 581] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206043707/http://allthesky.com/constellations/lib35.html |date=2009-02-06 }}
* [http://cosmographica.com/gallery/extrasolar/Gliese581c/index.html Artist conceptions of planets of Gliese 581]
* [http://cosmographica.com/gallery/extrasolar/Gliese581c/index.html Artist conceptions of planets of Gliese 581] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928044147/http://cosmographica.com/gallery/extrasolar/Gliese581c/index.html |date=2011-09-28 }}
* [http://gnews.wustl.edu/gn131/gliese581c.htm Speculation about geology/geochemistry of Gliese 581c] [http://geochemsoc.org/ '''The Geochemical Society''']
* [http://gnews.wustl.edu/gn131/gliese581c.htm Speculation about geology/geochemistry of Gliese 581c] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070617225754/http://gnews.wustl.edu/gn131/gliese581c.htm |date=2007-06-17 }} [http://geochemsoc.org/ '''The Geochemical Society'''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411110655/http://www.geochemsoc.org/ |date=2009-04-11 }}
* [http://news-info.wustl.edu/news/page/normal/9607.html Computer models suggest planetary and extrasolar planet atmospheres - A gas, gas, gas '''Washington University in St. Louis''']
* [http://news-info.wustl.edu/news/page/normal/9607.html Computer models suggest planetary and extrasolar planet atmospheres - A gas, gas, gas '''Washington University in St. Louis'''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705130225/http://news-info.wustl.edu/news/page/normal/9607.html |date=2008-07-05 }}
* [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~rory/research/xsp/dynamics/ Extrasolar Planet Interactions] by Rory Barnes & Richard Greenberg, Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona
* [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~rory/research/xsp/dynamics/ Extrasolar Planet Interactions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505160348/http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~rory/research/xsp/dynamics/ |date=2016-05-05 }} by Rory Barnes & Richard Greenberg, Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona
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{{astronomi-stub}}


[[Kategori:Rasi bintang Libra]]
[[Kategori:Rasi bintang Libra]]
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[[Kategori:Sistem keplanetan]]
[[Kategori:Sistem keplanetan]]
[[Kategori:Deret utama merah]]
[[Kategori:Deret utama merah]]

[[af:Gliese 581]]
[[ar:غلييزا 581]]
[[be:Сістэма Глізэ 581]]
[[bn:গ্লিজে ৫৮১]]
[[ca:Gliese 581]]
[[cs:Gliese 581]]
[[de:Gliese 581]]
[[en:Gliese 581]]
[[eo:Gliese 581]]
[[es:Gliese 581]]
[[fi:Gliese 581]]
[[fr:Gliese 581]]
[[it:Gliese 581]]
[[ja:グリーゼ581]]
[[ko:글리제 581]]
[[la:Gliese 581]]
[[lt:Gliese 581]]
[[mk:Gliese 581]]
[[nl:Gliese 581]]
[[no:Gliese 581]]
[[pl:Gliese 581]]
[[pt:Gliese 581]]
[[ru:Глизе 581]]
[[sk:Gliese 581]]
[[sv:Gliese 581]]
[[th:กลีส 581]]
[[tr:Gliese 581]]
[[zh:格利泽581]]

Revisi terkini sejak 31 Juli 2024 09.06

Gliese 581

Ukuran Matahari (kiri) dan Gliese 581 (kanan).
Data pengamatan
Epos J2000.0      Ekuinoks J2000.0
Rasi bintang Libra[1]
Asensio rekta  15j 19m 26.8269d[2]
Deklinasi  −07° 43′ 20.189″[2]
Magnitudo tampak (V) 10.56 to 10.58[note 1]
Ciri-ciri
Kelas spektrum M3V[5]
Indeks warna B−V 1.61[6]
Jenis variabel BY Dra[7][note 2]
Astrometri
Kecepatan radial (Rv)−9.5 ± 0.5[6] km/s
Gerak diri (μ) RA: −1 221.289 ± 0.160[2] mdb/thn
Dek.: −97.237 ± 0.105[2] mdb/thn
Paralaks (π)158,64±0,35[2] mdb
Jarak20,56 ± 0,05 tc
(6,30 ± 0,01 pc)
Magnitudo mutlak (MV)11.6[11]
Detail
Massa0.31[12] M
Radius0,299±0,010[13] R
Luminositas (bolometrik)0.013[5] L
Luminositas (visual, LV)0.002[note 3] L
Gravitasi permukaan (log g)4,92±0,10[14]
Suhu3,480 ± 48[14] K
Metalisitas [Fe/H]−0.33 ± 0.12[14]
Rotasi132,5±6,3 h[15]
Usia7 to 11[12][16] gigatahun
Penamaan lain
HO Librae, HO Lib, BD−07°4003, GJ 581, HIP 74995, LFT 1195, LHS 394, LPM 564, LTT 6112, NLTT 39886, TYC 5594-1093-1, Wolf 562.[6][17]
Referensi basis data
SIMBADThe star
e
b
c
d
f (artifact)
g

Gliese 581 (pengucapan: /ˈgliːzə/) atau HO Librae adalah bintang katai merah dengan tipe spektrum M3V, terletak sejauh 20.3 tahun cahaya dari Bumi. Observasi menunjukan bahwa bintang ini diorbit oleh sedikitnya empat planet, yaitu Gliese 581 b, c, d, dan e. Bintang ini mendapat perhatian setelah Gliese 581 c, eksoplanet yang ditemukan terletak di dekat zona laik hidup bintang ini pada April 2007.

Pada akhir September 2010. telah dketemukan lagi dua planet yang mengelilingi bintang ini, yaitu Gliese 581 f dan g.

Nama Massa
(M)
Periode orbit
(hari)
Aksis semimayor
(AU)
Eksentrisitas
e ≥1.7 3.14867 ± 0.00039 0.0284533 ± 0.0000023 0
b ≥15.6 5.36841 ± 0.00026 0.0406163 ± 0.0000013 0
c ≥5.6 12.9191 ± 0.0058 0.072993 ± 0.000022 0
g ≥3.1 36.562 ± 0.052 0.14601 ± 0.00014 0
d ≥5.6 66.87 ± 0.13 0.21847 ± 0.00028 0
f ≥7.0 433 ± 13 0.758 ± 0.015 0

Referensi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ Smith, Yvette. "NASA and NSF-Funded Research Finds First Potentially Habitable Exoplanet". nasa.gov. NASA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-03-10. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2016. 
  2. ^ a b c d e Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Gaia2016
  3. ^ Lopez-Morales, M.; et al. (2006). "Limits to Transits of the Neptune-mass planet orbiting Gl 581". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 118 (849): 1506–1509. arXiv:astro-ph/0609255alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Bibcode:2006PASP..118.1506L. doi:10.1086/508904. V* HO Lib … BY Draconis  (page 2 of pre-print submitted 9 September 2006)
  4. ^ "General Catalogue of Variable Stars Query results". Sternberg Astronomical Institute. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-09-23. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-27. 
  5. ^ a b Bonfils, X.; et al. (2005). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets VI: A Neptune-mass planet around the nearby M dwarf Gl 581". Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters. 443 (3): L15–L18. arXiv:astro-ph/0509211alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Bibcode:2005A&A...443L..15B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500193. 
  6. ^ a b c "GJ 581". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-21. 
  7. ^ Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007–2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S. 
  8. ^ Weis, E. W. (1994). "Long term variability in dwarf M stars". The Astronomical Journal. 107 (3): 1138. Bibcode:1994AJ....107.1135W. doi:10.1086/116925. 
  9. ^ Bonfils page L15
  10. ^ Matthews, J. M.; et al. (2007). "MOST Exoplanet System Photometry" (PDF). hlm. 80. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2022-10-07. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-27. 
  11. ^ From apparent magnitude and parallax.
  12. ^ a b "Star: Gliese 581". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 July 2012. Mass 0.31 MSun, Age 8+3
    −1
    Gyr
     
  13. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama von Braun2011
  14. ^ a b c Bean, J. L; Benedict, G. F.; Endl, M. (2006). "Metallicities of M Dwarf Planet Hosts from Spectral Synthesis". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 653 (1): L65–L68. arXiv:astro-ph/0611060alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Bibcode:2006ApJ...653L..65B. doi:10.1086/510527. 
  15. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama mnras452_3_2745
  16. ^ Selsis 3.4-page 1382 "lower limit of the age that, considering the associated uncertainties, could be around 7 Gyr", "preliminary estimate", "should not be above 10–11 Gyr"
  17. ^ "Entry 5594-1093-1". The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. ID I/239. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-03-03. Diakses tanggal 2018-05-18. 

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