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{{Elementbox |
{{Elementbox |
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|name= |
|name=fluorin |
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|pronounce= |
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|pronounce={{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|l|ʊər|iː|n}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|l|ʊər|ɪ|n}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|l|ɔː|r|iː|n}} |
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|number=9 |
|number=9 |
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|symbol=F |
|symbol=F |
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|left=[[oksigen]] |
|left=[[oksigen]] |
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|right=[[neon]] |
|right=[[neon]] |
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|above= |
|above=– |
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|below=[[Klorin|Cl]] |
|below=[[Klorin|Cl]] |
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|series= |
|series=nonlogam diatomik |
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|series comment= |
|series comment= |
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|group=17 |
|group=17 |
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|series color= |
|series color= |
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|phase color= |
|phase color= |
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|appearance=gas: kuning sangat pucat<br>cairan: kuning cerah<br>padatan: alfa buram, beta transparan |
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|appearance= |
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|image name=Liquid fluorine tighter crop.jpg |
|image name=Liquid fluorine tighter crop.jpg |
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|image name comment= |
|image name comment=Fluorin cair (pada [[Kriogenik|suhu yang sangat rendah]]) |
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|image alt= |
|image alt=Sampel kecil dari fluorin cair berwarna kuning pucat yang dikondensasi dalam nitrogen cair |
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|image name 2= |
|image name 2=Fluorine spectrum visible.png |
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|image name 2 comment= |
|image name 2 comment=Garis spektrum fluorin |
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|atomic mass= |
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|atomic mass=18.9984032(5)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wieser|first1=Michael E.|last2=Coplen|first2=Tyler B.|journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry|title=Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)|volume=83|doi=10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-14|year=2010|accessdate=2011-06-02|pages=359-396}}</ref> |
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|atomic mass 2= |
|atomic mass 2= |
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|atomic mass comment= |
|atomic mass comment= |
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|electron configuration=1s<sup>2</sup> 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>5</sup>{{sfn|Aigueperse et al.|2005|loc="Fluorine", |
|electron configuration=1s<sup>2</sup> 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>5</sup>{{sfn|Aigueperse et al.|2005|loc="Fluorine", hlm. 1}} |
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|electrons per shell=2, 7{{sfn|Aigueperse et al.|2005|loc="Fluorine", |
|electrons per shell=2, 7{{sfn|Aigueperse et al.|2005|loc="Fluorine", hlm. 1}} |
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|color= |
|color= |
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|phase=gas |
|phase=gas |
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|phase comment= |
|phase comment= |
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|density gplstp=1 |
|density gplstp=1,696{{sfn|Aigueperse et al.|2005|loc="Fluorine", hlm. 2}} |
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|density gpcm3nrt= |
|density gpcm3nrt= |
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|density gpcm3nrt 2= |
|density gpcm3nrt 2= |
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|density gpcm3mp= |
|density gpcm3mp= |
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|density gpcm3bp=1,505 |
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|density gpcm3bp= |
|density gpcm3bp ref=<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Jarry|first1=Roger L.|last2=Miller|first2=Henry C.|title = The Density of Liquid Fluorine between 67 and 103°K.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=78|page=1552|year=1956|doi=10.1021/ja01589a012|accessdate=17 Juli 2022}}</ref> |
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|melting point |
|melting point prefix=(F<sub>2</sub>) |
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|melting point |
|melting point K=53,48 |
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|melting point C=−219,67 |
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|melting point F=−363,41 |
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|melting point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}} |
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|boiling point prefix=(F<sub>2</sub>) |
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|boiling point K=85,03 |
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|boiling point C=−188,11 |
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|boiling point F=−306,60 |
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|critical point MPa=5.220<ref>{{cite book|author1= Cengel, Yunus A.|author2 = Boles, Michael A.|title=Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach|page=824|edition=Fourth|publisher =[[McGraw-Hill]]|year=2002|isbn=0-07-238332-1|accessdate=2011-06-01}}</ref> |
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|boiling point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}} |
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⚫ | |||
|triple point kPa=90 |
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|triple point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}} |
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|critical point K=144,41 |
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|critical point MPa=5,1724 |
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|critical point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}} |
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|heat fusion=0,51 |
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|heat fusion ref={{sfn|Dean|1999|p=942}} |
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|heat fusion 2= |
|heat fusion 2= |
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|heat vaporization= |
|heat vaporization=6,51 |
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|heat vaporization ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000|p=382}} |
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|heat capacity=(C<sub>p</sub>) (21.1 °C) 825<ref name="cpcv"/> J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><br />(C<sub>v</sub>) (21.1 °C) 610<ref name="cpcv">{{cite book|author=Compressed Gas Association|title=Handbook of compressed gases|publisher=Springer|page=365|year=1999|isbn=9780412782305|accessdate=2011-06-01}}</ref> |
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|heat capacity=C<sub>p</sub>: 31 |
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|heat capacity comment=(suhu 21,1 °C) |
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|heat capacity ref={{sfn|Compressed Gas Association|1999|p=365}} |
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|heat capacity 2=C<sub>v</sub>: 23 |
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|heat capacity 2 comment=(suhu 21,1 °C) |
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|heat capacity 2 ref={{sfn|Compressed Gas Association|1999|p=365}} |
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|vapor pressure 1=38 |
|vapor pressure 1=38 |
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|vapor pressure 10=44 |
|vapor pressure 10=44 |
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|vapor pressure comment= |
|vapor pressure comment= |
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|crystal structure=cubic |
|crystal structure=cubic |
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|crystal structure comment= |
|crystal structure comment=struktur ini mengacu pada fluorin padat, pada titik didih, 1 atm<ref>{{cite report|last=Young|first=David A.|publisher=Springer|title=Phase Diagrams of the Elements|page=10|year=1975|accessdate=17 Juli 2022}}</ref> |
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|oxidation states= |
|oxidation states= |
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|oxidation states comment= |
|oxidation states comment= |
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|electronegativity=3,98 |
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|electronegativity=3.98<ref name="Allred">{{cite journal|author=Allred, A. L.|year=1961|journal=Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume=17|issue=3–4|pages=215–221|title=Electronegativity values from thermochemical data|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(61)80142-5}}</ref> |
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|electronegativity ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000|p=381}} |
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|number of ionization energies=4 |
|number of ionization energies=4 |
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|ionization energy 1=1681 |
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|ionization energy 2=3374 |
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|ionization energy 3=6147 |
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|ionization energy ref={{sfn|Dean|1999|p=4.6}} |
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|atomic radius= |
|atomic radius= |
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|atomic radius calculated= |
|atomic radius calculated= |
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|covalent radius=64 |
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|covalent radius=60<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward A.|last2=Johnson|first2=Samuel A.|last3=Tang|first3=Ting-Hua|last4=Gillespie|first4=Ronald J.|title=Reinterpretation of the Lengths of Bonds to Fluorine in Terms of an Almost Ionic Model|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=36|issue=14|pages=3022|year=1997|pmid=11669953|doi=10.1021/ic961315b}}</ref> |
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|covalent radius ref={{sfn|Dean|1999|p=4.35}} |
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|Van der Waals radius=147<ref name="Bondi1964">{{cite journal | first = A. | last = Bondi | year =1964 | url = http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/j100785a001 | title = Van der Waals Volumes and Radii | journal = [[Journal of Physical Chemistry]] | volume = 68 | issue = 3 | pages = 441–51 | doi= 10.1021/j100785a001}}</ref> |
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|Van der Waals radius=135 |
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|Van der Waals radius ref={{sfn|Matsui|2006|p=257}} |
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|covalent radius comment= |
|covalent radius comment= |
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|magnetic ordering=[[diamagnetik]] (−1,2{{e|-4}}) |
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|magnetic ordering=diamagnetic<ref name="mackay2">{{cite book |author=Mackay, Kenneth Malcolm; Mackay, Rosemary Ann; Henderson, W. |title=Introduction to modern inorganic chemistry |year=2002|edition=6th|publisher=CRC Press |isbn=0748764208|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=STxHXRR4VKIC&pg=PA72&lpg=PA72&dq=fluorine+diamagnetic&source=bl&ots=EFXyHIc6U0&sig=GKUMwvX_OeiAPlN9LS53wj4WPIY&hl=en&ei=p8D4Tby0B-b00gGfxsm1Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=fluorine%20diamagnetic&f=false|page=72|accessdate=2011-06-15}}</ref> |
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|magnetic ordering ref={{sfn|Mackay|Mackay|Henderson|2002|p=72}}{{sfn|Cheng et al.|1999}} |
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|electrical resistivity= |
|electrical resistivity= |
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|electrical resistivity at 0= |
|electrical resistivity at 0= |
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|electrical resistivity at 20= |
|electrical resistivity at 20= |
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|thermal conductivity=0 |
|thermal conductivity=0,02591 |
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|thermal conductivity ref={{sfn|Yaws|Braker|2001|p=385}} |
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|thermal conductivity 2= |
|thermal conductivity 2= |
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|thermal diffusivity= |
|thermal diffusivity= |
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|Vickers hardness= |
|Vickers hardness= |
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|Brinell hardness= |
|Brinell hardness= |
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|CAS number=7782-41-4 |
|CAS number=7782-41-4 |
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|CAS number ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000|p=381}} |
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|isotopes= |
|isotopes= |
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{{ |
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | link=Fluorin-18 | mn=18 | sym=F | na=[[Radioisotop renik|renik]] | hl=109,8 mnt |
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dm1=[[ |
|dm1=[[Emisi positron|β<sup>+</sup>]] (97%) | de1=0,634 | link1=Oksigen-18 | pn1=18 | ps1=O |
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dm2=[[ |
|dm2=[[Penangkapan elektron|ε]] (3%) | de2=1,656 | pn2=18 | ps2=O }} |
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{{ |
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | link=Fluorin-19 | mn=19 | sym=F | na=100% | n=10 |firstlinks=yes}} |
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|isotopes ref={{sfn|Chisté|Bé|2011}} |
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|isotopes comment=reference<ref name=Chiste>{{cite web|last=Chiste|first=V.|title=F-18|url=http://www.nucleide.org/DDEP_WG/Nuclides/F-18_tables.pdf|work=Table de radionucleides|publisher=Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel|accessdate=15 June 2011|coauthors=Be, M. M.|location=France|year=2006}}</ref> |
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|naming=dari mineral [[fluorit]], mineral itu sendiri dinamai dari [[Bahasa Latin|Latin]] ''fluo'' (mengalir, dalam peleburan) |
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|predicted by= |
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|prediction date= |
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|discovered by=[[André-Marie Ampère|A. Ampère]] |
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|discovery date=1810 |
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|first isolation by=[[Henri Moissan|H. Moissan]]{{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000| p=381}} |
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|first isolation date=26 Juni 1886 |
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|named by={{plainlist| |
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*[[Humphry Davy|H. Davy]] |
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*[[André-Marie Ampère|A. Ampère]]}} |
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|named date= |
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|history comment label= |
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|history comment= |
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|QID=Q650 |
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}} |
}} |
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<noinclude>{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=F}} |
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{{Template reference list |
{{Template reference list}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT|Fluorin}} |
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[[bn:টেমপ্লেট:তথ্যছক ফ্লুরিন]] |
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⚫ | |||
[[ca:Plantilla:Fluor]] |
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[[ckb:داڕێژە:زانیاریی فلۆراین]] |
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[[en:Template:Infobox fluorine]] |
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[[fa:الگو:جعبه اطلاعات فلوئور]] |
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[[ne:ढाँचा:Infobox फ्लोरिन]] |
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[[si:සැකිල්ල:Infobox fluorine]] |
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[[ta:வார்ப்புரு:தகவற்சட்டம் புளோரின்]] |
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[[yo:Àdàkọ:Infobox fluorínì]] |
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</noinclude> |
</noinclude> |
Revisi terkini sejak 18 Juli 2022 09.49
9F Fluorin | ||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Fluorin cair (pada suhu yang sangat rendah) | ||||||||||||||||||
Garis spektrum fluorin | ||||||||||||||||||
Sifat umum | ||||||||||||||||||
Pengucapan | /fluorin/[1] | |||||||||||||||||
Alotrop | alfa, beta (lihat alotrop fluorin) | |||||||||||||||||
Penampilan | gas: kuning sangat pucat cairan: kuning cerah padatan: alfa buram, beta transparan | |||||||||||||||||
Fluorin dalam tabel periodik | ||||||||||||||||||
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Nomor atom (Z) | 9 | |||||||||||||||||
Golongan | golongan 17 (halogen) | |||||||||||||||||
Periode | periode 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Blok | blok-p | |||||||||||||||||
Kategori unsur | nonlogam diatomik | |||||||||||||||||
Berat atom standar (Ar) |
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Konfigurasi elektron | 1s2 2s2 2p5[2] | |||||||||||||||||
Elektron per kelopak | 2, 7[2] | |||||||||||||||||
Sifat fisik | ||||||||||||||||||
Fase pada STS (0 °C dan 101,325 kPa) | gas | |||||||||||||||||
Titik lebur | (F2) 53,48 K (−219,67 °C, −363,41 °F)[3] | |||||||||||||||||
Titik didih | (F2) 85,03 K (−188,11 °C, −306,60 °F)[3] | |||||||||||||||||
Kerapatan (pada STS) | 1,696[4] g/L | |||||||||||||||||
saat cair, pada t.d. | 1,505 g/cm3[5] | |||||||||||||||||
Titik tripel | 53,48 K, 90 kPa[3] | |||||||||||||||||
Titik kritis | 144,41 K, 5,1724 MPa[3] | |||||||||||||||||
Kalor peleburan | 0,51 kJ/mol[6] | |||||||||||||||||
Kalor penguapan | 6,51 kJ/mol[7] | |||||||||||||||||
Kapasitas kalor molar | Cp: 31 J/(mol·K)[8] (suhu 21,1 °C) Cv: 23 J/(mol·K)[8] (suhu 21,1 °C) | |||||||||||||||||
Tekanan uap
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Sifat atom | ||||||||||||||||||
Bilangan oksidasi | −1, 0[9] (mengoksidasi oksigen) | |||||||||||||||||
Elektronegativitas | Skala Pauling: 3,98[10] | |||||||||||||||||
Energi ionisasi | ke-1: 1681 kJ/mol ke-2: 3374 kJ/mol ke-3: 6147 kJ/mol (artikel)[11] | |||||||||||||||||
Jari-jari kovalen | 64 pm[12] | |||||||||||||||||
Jari-jari van der Waals | 135 pm[13] | |||||||||||||||||
Lain-lain | ||||||||||||||||||
Kelimpahan alami | primordial | |||||||||||||||||
Struktur kristal | kubus struktur ini mengacu pada fluorin padat, pada titik didih, 1 atm[14] | |||||||||||||||||
Konduktivitas termal | 0,02591 W/(m·K)[15] | |||||||||||||||||
Arah magnet | diamagnetik (−1,2×10−4)[16][17] | |||||||||||||||||
Nomor CAS | 7782-41-4[10] | |||||||||||||||||
Sejarah | ||||||||||||||||||
Penamaan | dari mineral fluorit, mineral itu sendiri dinamai dari Latin fluo (mengalir, dalam peleburan) | |||||||||||||||||
Penemuan | A. Ampère (1810) | |||||||||||||||||
Isolasi pertama | H. Moissan[10] (26 Juni 1886) | |||||||||||||||||
Asal nama | ||||||||||||||||||
Isotop fluorin yang utama[18] | ||||||||||||||||||
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Navigasi unsur
Referensi
- ^ (Indonesia) "Fluorin". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.
- ^ a b Aigueperse et al. 2005, "Fluorine", hlm. 1.
- ^ a b c d Haynes 2011, hlm. 4.121.
- ^ Aigueperse et al. 2005, "Fluorine", hlm. 2.
- ^ Jarry, Roger L.; Miller, Henry C. (1956). "The Density of Liquid Fluorine between 67 and 103°K". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 78: 1552. doi:10.1021/ja01589a012.
- ^ Dean 1999, hlm. 942.
- ^ Jaccaud et al. 2000, hlm. 382.
- ^ a b Compressed Gas Association 1999, hlm. 365.
- ^ Himmel, D.; Riedel, S. (2007). "After 20 Years, Theoretical Evidence That 'AuF7' Is Actually AuF5·F2". Inorganic Chemistry. 46 (13). 5338–5342. doi:10.1021/ic700431s.
- ^ a b c Jaccaud et al. 2000, hlm. 381.
- ^ Dean 1999, hlm. 4.6.
- ^ Dean 1999, hlm. 4.35.
- ^ Matsui 2006, hlm. 257.
- ^ Young, David A. (1975). Phase Diagrams of the Elements (Laporan). Springer. hlm. 10.
- ^ Yaws & Braker 2001, hlm. 385.
- ^ Mackay, Mackay & Henderson 2002, hlm. 72.
- ^ Cheng et al. 1999.
- ^ Chisté & Bé 2011.