Negara industri baru: Perbedaan antara revisi
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⚫ | '''Negara |
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[[Berkas:IMF Developing Countries Map 2014.png|jmpl|350px|Negara industri baru berwarna biru. Negara berkembang lain berwarna hijau.]] |
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⚫ | '''Negara industri baru''' adalah klasifikasi negara yang mempunyai perekonomian sangat baik, tetapi belum mencapai tahap negara maju. Syarat lain sebuah negara dikatakan negara industri baru adalah berdasarkan hasil ekspornya.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=alwi|first=Syafaruddin|date=1994|title=Negara industri baru di Asia Tenggara: Analisis kasus Singapore|url=https://doi.org/10.20885/ejem.v3i0.6598|journal=Economic Journal of Emerging Market|volume=3|issue=9|pages=91-98|doi=10.20885/ejem.v3i0.6598}}</ref> |
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== Negara |
== Negara industri baru saat ini == |
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Tabel di bawah ini menunjukkan daftar dari negara yang secara konsisten disebut sebagai negara industri baru oleh penulis dan peneliti yang berbeda.<ref name=Globalization>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iuHsIuez5qoC|title=Globalization and the Transformation of Foreign Economic Policy|author=Paweł Bożyk|chapter=Newly Industrialized Countries|page=164|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd|year=2006|isbn=0-7546-4638-6}}</ref><ref name=Limits>{{cite book|title=The Limits of Convergence|author=Mauro F. Guillén|author-link=Mauro F. Guillén|chapter=Multinationals, Ideology, and Organized Labor|pages=126 (Table 5.1)|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2003|isbn=0-691-11633-4}}</ref><ref name=AIA>{{cite book|title=Geography, An Integrated Approach|url=https://archive.org/details/geographyintegra0000waug|author=David Waugh|chapter=Manufacturing industries (chapter 19), World development (chapter 22)|pages=[https://archive.org/details/geographyintegra0000waug/page/563 563], 576–579, 633, and 640|publisher=Nelson Thornes Ltd.|year=2000|edition=3rd|isbn=0-17-444706-X}}</ref><ref name=Principles>{{cite book|title=Principles of Economics|author=N. Gregory Mankiw|year=2007|edition=4th|isbn=0-324-22472-9}}</ref> [[Turki]] dan [[Afrika Selatan]] diklasifikasikan sebagai [[Daftar negara maju The World Factbook|negara maju]] oleh CIA.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-b.html|title=The World Factbook|publisher=|access-date=2016-09-15|archive-date=2008-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409033504/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-b.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Turki adalah anggota pendiri [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]] pada 1961 dan [[Meksiko]] bergabung pada tahun 1994. Grup [[G8+5]] terdiri dari anggota [[G8 (forum)|G8]] asli ditambah [[Tiongkok]], [[India]], [[Meksiko]], [[Afrika Selatan]] dan [[Brazil]]. |
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Negara-negara ini adalah negara industri baru yang paling sering disebutkan dan diklasifikasikan oleh para ekonom dan ahli.{{fact}} |
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* {{flag|Afrika Selatan}} |
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<small>Catatan: Sel berwarna hijau menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi atau performa terbaik di indeks, sementara sel berwarna kuning menunjukkan sebaliknya.</small> |
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* {{flag|Mexico}} |
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* {{flag|Pakistan}} |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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* {{flag|Brazil}} |
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* {{flag|Mesir}} |
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!style="font-size:8pt"|[[Geopolitik|Daerah]] |
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* {{flag|RRC}} |
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!style="font-size:8pt"|Negara |
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* {{flag|Vietnam}} |
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! style="font-size:8pt; width:70px;"|[[Produk domestik bruto|PDB]] [[Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja|(KKB)]]<br>(international billions of dollars, 2015 [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]])<ref name="IMFPPP1">{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=subject&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=65&pr1.y=8&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=PPPGDP&grp=0&a=|title=Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) valuation of country GDP|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]|accessdate=5 May 2016}}</ref> |
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* {{flag|India}} |
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! style="font-size:8pt; width:70px;"|[[Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB) per kapita|PDB per kapita (KKB)]]<br> (international dollars, 2015 [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]])<ref name="IMFPPPCapita1">{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2015&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=16&pr1.y=7&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C624%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita GDP|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]|accessdate=5 May 2016}}</ref> |
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* {{flag|Malaysia}} |
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! style="font-size:8pt; width:60px;"|[[Koefisien Gini|Kesenjangan pendapatan (GINI)]] 2008–09<ref>{{cite web|title=GINI Index Data Table|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI|publisher=World Bank|accessdate=4 April 2012}}</ref><ref>Catatan: Semakin tinggi nilainya, semakin tinggi kesenjangannya.</ref> |
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* {{flag|Filipina}} |
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! style="font-size:8pt; height:60px;"|[[Indeks Pembangunan Manusia|Indeks<br>Pembangunan<br>Manusia]] ([[Daftar negara menurut Indeks Pembangunan Manusia|IPM]], 2015)<ref name="UNHDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf|title=HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2015|publisher=[[United Nations]]|accessdate=15 December 2015}}</ref> |
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* {{flag|Yordania}} |
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! style="font-size:8pt; width:70px;"|[[List of countries by real GDP growth rate|Real GDP growth rate]] as of 2015 |
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* {{flag|Thailand}} |
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!style="font-size:8pt"|Sumber |
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* {{flag|Turki}} |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Afrika|||{{flag|Afrika Selatan}}||style="background:#ffc;"|'''723,5'''||13.165|| style="background:#ffc;"|'''63,1'''||0,666 (<span style="color:#fc0;">sedang</span>)||1||<ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Amerika Utara||align="left"|{{flag|Meksiko}}||2.227,2||17.534||48,3||0,756 (<span style="color:#090;">tinggi</span>)||2,5||<ref name=Globalization /><ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Amerika Selatan||align="left"|{{flag|Brasil}}||3.192,4||15.615||54,7||0,755 (<span style="color:#090;">tinggi</span>)||style="background:#ffc;"| '''-3''' ||<ref name=Globalization /><ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="6"|Asia||align="left"|{{flag|Republik Rakyat Tiongkok}}||style="background:#cfc;"|'''19.392,4'''||14.107||45,3||0,727 (<span style="color:#090;">tinggi</span>)||6,8||<ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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|align="left"|{{flag|India}}||7.965,2|| style="background:#ffc;"|'''6.162'''|| style="background:#cfc;"|'''32,5'''|| style="background:#ffc;"|'''0,609''' (<span style="color:#fc0;">sedang</span>)||style="background:#cfc;"|'''7,4'''||<ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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|align="left"|{{flag|Indonesia}}||2.842,2||11.126||36,8|| 0,718 (tinggi) ||4,8||<ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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|align="left"|{{flag|Malaysia}}||815,6||style="background:#cfc;"|'''26.315'''||46,2||style="background:#cfc;"|'''0,779''' (<span style="color:#090;">tinggi</span>)||4,7||<ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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|align="left"|{{flag|Filipina}}||741,0||7.254||46,1||0,668 (<span style="color:#fc0;">sedang</span>)||6,5||<ref name=Globalization /><ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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|align="left"|{{flag|Thailand}}||1.108,1||16.097||40||0,726 (<span style="color:#090;">tinggi</span>)||3,5||<ref name=Globalization /><ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Antar benua||align="left"|{{flag|Turki}}{{efn|name=transcontinental Turkey}}||1.588,8||20.438||39||0,761 (<span style="color:#090;">tinggi</span>)||4,0||<ref name=Limits /><ref name=AIA /><ref name=Principles /> |
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== Catatan == |
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{{notes |
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| notes = |
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{{efn |
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| name = transcontinental Turkey |
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| [[Turki]] secara fisiografis dianggap sebagai negara lintas benua—sebagian besar di Asia Barat, sebagian di Eropa Timur. Meskipun demikian, dalam istilah daerah geopolitik, itu dianggap Eropa. |
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}} |
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}} |
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== Referensi == |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Kategori:Ekonomi]] |
[[Kategori:Ekonomi]] |
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[[Kategori:Negara]] |
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{{ekonomi-stub}} |
Revisi terkini sejak 20 Desember 2022 11.18
Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. (September 2016) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/IMF_Developing_Countries_Map_2014.png/350px-IMF_Developing_Countries_Map_2014.png)
Negara industri baru adalah klasifikasi negara yang mempunyai perekonomian sangat baik, tetapi belum mencapai tahap negara maju. Syarat lain sebuah negara dikatakan negara industri baru adalah berdasarkan hasil ekspornya.[1]
Negara industri baru saat ini
[sunting | sunting sumber]Tabel di bawah ini menunjukkan daftar dari negara yang secara konsisten disebut sebagai negara industri baru oleh penulis dan peneliti yang berbeda.[2][3][4][5] Turki dan Afrika Selatan diklasifikasikan sebagai negara maju oleh CIA.[6] Turki adalah anggota pendiri OECD pada 1961 dan Meksiko bergabung pada tahun 1994. Grup G8+5 terdiri dari anggota G8 asli ditambah Tiongkok, India, Meksiko, Afrika Selatan dan Brazil.
Catatan: Sel berwarna hijau menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi atau performa terbaik di indeks, sementara sel berwarna kuning menunjukkan sebaliknya.
Daerah | Negara | PDB (KKB) (international billions of dollars, 2015 IMF)[7] |
PDB per kapita (KKB) (international dollars, 2015 IMF)[8] |
Kesenjangan pendapatan (GINI) 2008–09[9][10] | Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM, 2015)[11] |
Real GDP growth rate as of 2015 | Sumber |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afrika | ![]() |
723,5 | 13.165 | 63,1 | 0,666 (sedang) | 1 | [3][4][5] |
Amerika Utara | ![]() |
2.227,2 | 17.534 | 48,3 | 0,756 (tinggi) | 2,5 | [2][3][4][5] |
Amerika Selatan | ![]() |
3.192,4 | 15.615 | 54,7 | 0,755 (tinggi) | -3 | [2][3][4][5] |
Asia | ![]() |
19.392,4 | 14.107 | 45,3 | 0,727 (tinggi) | 6,8 | [3][4][5] |
![]() |
7.965,2 | 6.162 | 32,5 | 0,609 (sedang) | 7,4 | [3][4][5] | |
![]() |
2.842,2 | 11.126 | 36,8 | 0,718 (tinggi) | 4,8 | [3][4][5] | |
![]() |
815,6 | 26.315 | 46,2 | 0,779 (tinggi) | 4,7 | [3][4][5] | |
![]() |
741,0 | 7.254 | 46,1 | 0,668 (sedang) | 6,5 | [2][3][4][5] | |
![]() |
1.108,1 | 16.097 | 40 | 0,726 (tinggi) | 3,5 | [2][3][4][5] | |
Antar benua | ![]() |
1.588,8 | 20.438 | 39 | 0,761 (tinggi) | 4,0 | [3][4][5] |
Catatan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ alwi, Syafaruddin (1994). "Negara industri baru di Asia Tenggara: Analisis kasus Singapore". Economic Journal of Emerging Market. 3 (9): 91–98. doi:10.20885/ejem.v3i0.6598.
- ^ a b c d e Paweł Bożyk (2006). "Newly Industrialized Countries". Globalization and the Transformation of Foreign Economic Policy. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. hlm. 164. ISBN 0-7546-4638-6.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Mauro F. Guillén (2003). "Multinationals, Ideology, and Organized Labor". The Limits of Convergence. Princeton University Press. hlm. 126 (Table 5.1). ISBN 0-691-11633-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k David Waugh (2000). "Manufacturing industries (chapter 19), World development (chapter 22)". Geography, An Integrated Approach (edisi ke-3rd). Nelson Thornes Ltd. hlm. 563, 576–579, 633, and 640. ISBN 0-17-444706-X.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k N. Gregory Mankiw (2007). Principles of Economics (edisi ke-4th). ISBN 0-324-22472-9.
- ^ "The World Factbook". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-04-09. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-15.
- ^ "Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) valuation of country GDP". IMF. Diakses tanggal 5 May 2016.
- ^ "Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita GDP". IMF. Diakses tanggal 5 May 2016.
- ^ "GINI Index Data Table". World Bank. Diakses tanggal 4 April 2012.
- ^ Catatan: Semakin tinggi nilainya, semakin tinggi kesenjangannya.
- ^ "HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2015" (PDF). United Nations. Diakses tanggal 15 December 2015.