USS New Jersey (BB-62): Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{DISPLAYTITLE|USS ''New Jersey'' (BB-62)}} |
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|Ship image=[[ |
|Ship image=[[Berkas:New Jersey Sails.jpg|300px|tepi|alt=USS ''New Jersey'']] |
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|Ship caption=USS ''New Jersey'' berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985. |
|Ship caption=USS ''New Jersey'' berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985. |
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{{Infobox ship career |
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|Ship country= |
|Ship country=[[Amerika Serikat]] |
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|Ship flag={{USN flag |1991}} |
|Ship flag={{USN flag |1991}} |
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|Ship name= |
|Ship name= |
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|Ship namesake=[[ |
|Ship namesake=[[New Jersey]] |
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|Ship ordered=1 |
|Ship ordered=1 Juli 1939 |
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|Ship builder = [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] |
|Ship builder = [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] |
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|Ship laid down=16 September 1940 |
|Ship laid down=16 September 1940 |
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|Ship launched=7 |
|Ship launched=7 Desember 1942 |
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|Ship sponsor= Carolyn Edison |
|Ship sponsor= Carolyn Edison |
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|Ship commissioned=23 |
|Ship commissioned=23 Mei 1943 |
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|Ship decommissioned=30 |
|Ship decommissioned=30 Juni 1948 |
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|Ship recommissioned=21 November 1950 |
|Ship recommissioned=21 November 1950 |
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|Ship decommissioned=21 |
|Ship decommissioned=21 Agustus 1957 |
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|Ship recommissioned=6 April 1968 |
|Ship recommissioned=6 April 1968 |
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|Ship decommissioned=17 |
|Ship decommissioned=17 Desember 1969 |
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|Ship recommissioned=28 |
|Ship recommissioned=28 Desember 1982 |
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|Ship decommissioned=8 |
|Ship decommissioned=8 Februari 1991 |
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|Ship in service= |
|Ship in service= |
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|Ship out of service= |
|Ship out of service= |
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| Ship struck= 4 |
| Ship struck= 4 Januari 1999 |
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| Ship motto = "Firepower for Freedom"<ref name = "PL199S">{{cite web | website= NJ state library | url=http://repo.njstatelib.org/bitstream/handle/10929.1/8743/L1995c252.pdf | format =[[Portable document format |
| Ship motto = "Firepower for Freedom"<ref name = "PL199S">{{cite web | website= NJ state library | url=http://repo.njstatelib.org/bitstream/handle/10929.1/8743/L1995c252.pdf | format =[[Portable document format|PDF]] |title=An Act providing for the issuance of Battleship U.S.S. New Jersey license plates ... |date=1995-09-12}}</ref> |
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| Ship nickname = "Big J"<ref name = "PL199S" /> |
| Ship nickname = "Big J"<ref name = "PL199S" /> |
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|Ship honors=19 [[ |
|Ship honors=19 [[Bintang jasa]] |
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|Ship fate= |
|Ship fate= |
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|Ship status = [[ |
|Ship status = [[Kapal museum]] di [[Camden, New Jersey]] |
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|Ship notes= |
|Ship notes=Kapal tempur dengan hiasan terbanyak sepanjang sejarah AL AS |
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|Ship badge=[[ |
|Ship badge=[[Berkas:USS New Jersey COA.png|153px]] |
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{{Infobox ship characteristics |
{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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|Ship class={{sclass- |
|Ship class={{sclass-|Iowa|Kapal tempur}} |
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|Ship displacement= |
|Ship displacement=58000 tons |
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|Ship length={{convert|887|ft|7|in|m|abbr = on}} |
|Ship length={{convert|887|ft|7|in|m|abbr = on}} |
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|Ship beam= {{convert |108 |
|Ship beam= {{convert |108,2|ft|m|abbr= on}} |
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|Ship draft={{convert |28 |
|Ship draft={{convert |28,9|ft|m|abbr= on}} |
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|Ship speed={{convert |33|kn|km/h}} |
|Ship speed={{convert |33|kn|km/h}} |
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|Ship complement=1 |
|Ship complement=1.921 opsir dan anak buah |
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|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar |
|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar |
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|Ship EW=[[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite |
|Ship EW= [[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite|AN/SLQ-32]]<br />[[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] Decoy System<br />8 × [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers |
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|Ship armament=1943:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7 |
|Ship armament=1943:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7|16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />20 × [[5 inch (127 mm)/38 caliber gun|5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns]]<br />80 × [[Bofors 40 mm gun|40 mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />49 × [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|20 mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns]]<br />1968:<br />9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns<br />20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns<br />1982:<br />9 × [[16-50 Mark 7|16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns]]<br />12 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns<br />32 × [[Tomahawk missile|BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles]]<br />16 × [[RGM-84 Harpoon|RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles]]<br />4 × [[Phalanx weapon system|20 mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS]] |
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|Ship armor=[[ |
|Ship armor=[[Sabuk]]: {{convert |12.1|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Bulkhead]]: {{convert |11.3|in|mm| abbr=on}}<br />[[Barbet]]: {{convert |11.6|to|17.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Turet senjata]]: {{convert |19.7|in|mm| abbr = on}}<br /> [[Geladak]]: {{convert |7.5|in|mm| abbr= on}} |
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|Ship aircraft=1943: |
|Ship aircraft=1943:3 [[pesawat apung]] [[OS2U Kingfisher|Vought OS2U Kingfisher]]<br />1982:<br />4 helikopter |
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|Ship aircraft facilities=1943:2 [[katapel pesawat terbang]]<br />1982:<br />Geladak biasa |
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|Ship notes=}} |
|Ship notes=}} |
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[[ |
[[Berkas:USS New Jersey (BB-62) in 2007.jpg|jmpl|USS New Jersey (BB-62) pada tahun 2007|ka]] |
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'''USS ''New Jersey''''' (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php |title=Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions | date = 2014-10-28 | website=Battleship New Jersey |publisher = Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial | accessdate =2014-10-27}}</ref>) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut [[Amerika Serikat]] yang |
'''USS ''New Jersey''''' (BB-62; "Big J" atau "''Black Dragon''"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php | title = Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions | date = 2014-10-28 | website = Battleship New Jersey | publisher = Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial | accessdate = 2014-10-27 | archive-date = 2014-10-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141029011001/http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php | dead-url = yes }}</ref>) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut [[Amerika Serikat]] yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian [[New Jersey]]. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di [[Guam]] dan [[Okinawa]], dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat |
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<!-- She was briefly reactivated in 1968 and sent to Vietnam to support US troops before returning to the mothball fleet in 1969. Reactivated once more in the 1980s as part of the [[600-ship Navy]] program, ''New Jersey'' was modernized to carry missiles and recommissioned for service. In 1983, she participated in US operations during the [[Lebanese Civil War]]. |
<!-- She was briefly reactivated in 1968 and sent to Vietnam to support US troops before returning to the mothball fleet in 1969. Reactivated once more in the 1980s as part of the [[600-ship Navy]] program, ''New Jersey'' was modernized to carry missiles and recommissioned for service. In 1983, she participated in US operations during the [[Lebanese Civil War]]. |
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''New Jersey'' was decommissioned for the last time in 1991 (after serving a total of 21 years in the active fleet), having earned a [[Navy Unit Commendation]] for service in Vietnam and 19 battle and campaign stars for combat operations during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Lebanese Civil War, and service in the [[Persian Gulf]]. After a brief retention in the mothball fleet, she was donated to the Home Port Alliance in [[Camden, New Jersey]], and began her career as a [[museum ship]] 15 October 2001. |
''New Jersey'' was decommissioned for the last time in 1991 (after serving a total of 21 years in the active fleet), having earned a [[Navy Unit Commendation]] for service in Vietnam and 19 battle and campaign stars for combat operations during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Lebanese Civil War, and service in the [[Persian Gulf]]. After a brief retention in the mothball fleet, she was donated to the Home Port Alliance in [[Camden, New Jersey]], and began her career as a [[museum ship]] 15 October 2001. |
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==Konstruksi== |
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{{Main|Iowa-class battleship|Armament of the Iowa-class battleship}} |
{{Main|Iowa-class battleship|Armament of the Iowa-class battleship}} |
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''New Jersey'' was one of the {{sclass-|Iowa|battleship|0}} "[[fast battleship]]" designs planned in 1938 by the Preliminary Design Branch at the [[Bureau of Construction and Repair]]. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 12 December 1942 and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 May 1943. The ship was the second of the ''Iowa'' class to be commissioned by the [[U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Order">{{cite web | title = Naval Vessel Register | url = http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB62.htm | publisher= [[United States Navy]] | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> The ship was christened at her launching by Carolyn Edison, wife of Governor [[Charles Edison]] of New Jersey, himself a former [[Secretary of the Navy]]; and commissioned at [[Philadelphia]] 23 May 1943, Captain [[Carl F. Holden]] in command.<ref name="DANFS">{{cite web | title = USS New Jersey (BB 62) History | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/n/new-jersey-ii.html | work = [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] | publisher= United States Navy | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> |
''New Jersey'' was one of the {{sclass-|Iowa|battleship|0}} "[[fast battleship]]" designs planned in 1938 by the Preliminary Design Branch at the [[Bureau of Construction and Repair]]. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 12 December 1942 and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 23 May 1943. The ship was the second of the ''Iowa'' class to be commissioned by the [[U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Order">{{cite web | title = Naval Vessel Register | url = http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB62.htm | publisher= [[United States Navy]] | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> The ship was christened at her launching by Carolyn Edison, wife of Governor [[Charles Edison]] of New Jersey, himself a former [[Secretary of the Navy]]; and commissioned at [[Philadelphia]] 23 May 1943, Captain [[Carl F. Holden]] in command.<ref name="DANFS">{{cite web | title = USS New Jersey (BB 62) History | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/n/new-jersey-ii.html | work = [[Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships]] | publisher= United States Navy | accessdate=2007-03-16}}</ref> |
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''New Jersey''{{'}}s main battery consisted of nine [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun]]s in three three-gun turrets, which could fire {{convert|2700|lb|kg|0|adj=on}} armor-piercing shells some {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}. Her secondary battery consisted of twenty [[5"/38 caliber gun]]s mounted in twin-gun [[dual purpose gun|dual purpose]] (DP) turrets, which could hit targets up to {{convert|9|mi|km|0}} away. With the advent of air power and the need to gain and maintain [[air superiority]] came a need to protect the growing fleet of allied aircraft carriers, so ''New Jersey'' was fitted with an array of [[Oerlikon 20 mm |
''New Jersey''{{'}}s main battery consisted of nine [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun]]s in three three-gun turrets, which could fire {{convert|2700|lb|kg|0|adj=on}} armor-piercing shells some {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}. Her secondary battery consisted of twenty [[5"/38 caliber gun]]s mounted in twin-gun [[dual purpose gun|dual purpose]] (DP) turrets, which could hit targets up to {{convert|9|mi|km|0}} away. With the advent of air power and the need to gain and maintain [[air superiority]] came a need to protect the growing fleet of allied aircraft carriers, so ''New Jersey'' was fitted with an array of [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|Oerlikon 20 mm]] and [[Bofors 40 mm gun|Bofors 40 mm]] [[anti-aircraft artillery|anti-aircraft guns]]. When reactivated in 1968, ''New Jersey'' had her 20 mm and 40 mm AA guns removed and was tailored for use as a heavy bombardment ship. When reactivated in 1982, ''New Jersey'' had four twin 5"/38 caliber DP mounts removed. She was outfitted with four [[Phalanx CIWS]] mounts for protection against missiles and aircraft, and eight [[Armored Box Launcher]]s and eight Quad Cell Launchers designed to fire [[Tomahawk missile]]s and [[Harpoon missile]]s, respectively.<ref name="The Battleships I">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =120 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref> |
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Unlike the other ''Iowa''-class battleships, ''New Jersey'' was named by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] to repay a political debt, to then-New Jersey Governor [[Charles Edison]]. During his time in the Navy department, Edison pushed to build the ''Iowa''s, and to build one at the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]], which secured votes for Roosevelt in [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New Jersey]] in the [[United States presidential election, 1940|1940 presidential election]].<ref>Comegno, Carol. [http://www.southjerseynews.com/battleship/u010600a.htm "Historian details the role politics played in battleship's creation"], ''[[Courier-Post]],'' 6 January 2000. Retrieved 27 May 2007.</ref> |
Unlike the other ''Iowa''-class battleships, ''New Jersey'' was named by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] to repay a political debt, to then-New Jersey Governor [[Charles Edison]]. During his time in the Navy department, Edison pushed to build the ''Iowa''s, and to build one at the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]], which secured votes for Roosevelt in [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New Jersey]] in the [[United States presidential election, 1940|1940 presidential election]].<ref>Comegno, Carol. [http://www.southjerseynews.com/battleship/u010600a.htm "Historian details the role politics played in battleship's creation"], ''[[Courier-Post]],'' 6 January 2000. Retrieved 27 May 2007.</ref> |
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This invasion brought on the last great [[sortie]] of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. Its plan for the [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] included a [[feint]] by a northern force of planeless heavy attack carriers to draw away the battleships, cruisers and fast carriers with which Admiral Halsey was protecting the landings. This was to allow the Japanese Center Force to enter the gulf through [[San Bernardino Strait]]. At the opening of the battle planes from the carriers guarded by ''New Jersey'' struck hard at both the Japanese Southern and Center Forces, sinking a battleship 23 October. The next day Halsey shaped his course north after the decoy force had been spotted. Planes from his carriers sank four of the Japanese carriers, as well as a destroyer and a cruiser, while ''New Jersey'' steamed south at [[flank speed]] to meet the newly developed threat of the Center force. It had been [[Battle off Samar|turned back in a stunning defeat]] when she arrived.<ref name="DANFS"/> |
This invasion brought on the last great [[sortie]] of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. Its plan for the [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] included a [[feint]] by a northern force of planeless heavy attack carriers to draw away the battleships, cruisers and fast carriers with which Admiral Halsey was protecting the landings. This was to allow the Japanese Center Force to enter the gulf through [[San Bernardino Strait]]. At the opening of the battle planes from the carriers guarded by ''New Jersey'' struck hard at both the Japanese Southern and Center Forces, sinking a battleship 23 October. The next day Halsey shaped his course north after the decoy force had been spotted. Planes from his carriers sank four of the Japanese carriers, as well as a destroyer and a cruiser, while ''New Jersey'' steamed south at [[flank speed]] to meet the newly developed threat of the Center force. It had been [[Battle off Samar|turned back in a stunning defeat]] when she arrived.<ref name="DANFS"/> |
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[[ |
[[Berkas:USS Intrepid CV-11 kamikaze strike.jpg|jmpl|kiri|Seorang awak kapal berjaga pada salah satu senjata anti-pesawat udara pada ''New Jersey''{{'}}, melihat sebuah pesawat terbang kamikaze Jepang menyerang {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|2}}.]]<!-- |
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''New Jersey'' rejoined her fast carriers near San Bernardino 27 October 1944 for strikes on central and southern [[Luzon]]. Two days later, the force came under suicide attack. In a melee of anti-aircraft fire from the ships and combat air patrol, ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane whose pilot maneuvered it into the port gun galleries of {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|2}}, while machine gun fire from ''Intrepid'' wounded three of ''New Jersey's'' men. During a similar action 25 November three Japanese planes were shot down by the combined fire of the force, part of one flaming onto the flight deck of {{USS|Hancock|CV-19|2}}. ''Intrepid'' was again attacked; she shot down one would-be kamikaze aircraft, but was crashed by another despite hits scored on the attacker by ''New Jersey'' gunners. ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane diving on {{USS|Cabot|CVL-28|2}} and hit another plane which smashed into ''Cabot''{{'}}s port bow.<ref name="DANFS"/> |
''New Jersey'' rejoined her fast carriers near San Bernardino 27 October 1944 for strikes on central and southern [[Luzon]]. Two days later, the force came under suicide attack. In a melee of anti-aircraft fire from the ships and combat air patrol, ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane whose pilot maneuvered it into the port gun galleries of {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|2}}, while machine gun fire from ''Intrepid'' wounded three of ''New Jersey's'' men. During a similar action 25 November three Japanese planes were shot down by the combined fire of the force, part of one flaming onto the flight deck of {{USS|Hancock|CV-19|2}}. ''Intrepid'' was again attacked; she shot down one would-be kamikaze aircraft, but was crashed by another despite hits scored on the attacker by ''New Jersey'' gunners. ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane diving on {{USS|Cabot|CVL-28|2}} and hit another plane which smashed into ''Cabot''{{'}}s port bow.<ref name="DANFS"/> |
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==Reactivation (1982)== |
==Reactivation (1982)== |
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[[File:New Jersey Modernized.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' in drydock while undergoing modernization]] |
[[File:New Jersey Modernized.jpg|thumb|left|''New Jersey'' in drydock while undergoing modernization]] |
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As part of president [[Ronald Reagan]]'s and Navy Secretary [[John Lehman]]'s effort to create a [[600-ship Navy]], ''New Jersey'' was selected for reactivation in the spring of 1981, and she was towed from [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] to [[Long Beach Naval Shipyard]] at the end of July 1981 for modernization/reactivation. At the time of the reactivation the Navy envisioned using ''New Jersey'' and her sister ship ''Iowa'' to meet sustained global requirements and relieve the strain on the Navy created by an increase in U.S. |
As part of president [[Ronald Reagan]]'s and Navy Secretary [[John Lehman]]'s effort to create a [[600-ship Navy]], ''New Jersey'' was selected for reactivation in the spring of 1981, and she was towed from [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]] to [[Long Beach Naval Shipyard]] at the end of July 1981 for modernization/reactivation. At the time of the reactivation the Navy envisioned using ''New Jersey'' and her sister ship ''Iowa'' to meet sustained global requirements and relieve the strain on the Navy created by an increase in U.S.commitments to the Indian Ocean and [[Caribbean Sea]] regions. During this time the Navy developed several proposals to update their battleships to carry cruise missiles and anti-ship missiles, as well as point defense system mounts. Preliminary modernizations schemes included the removal of four of the ten 5 inch gun mounts on ''New Jersey'' to make room for the armored box launchers that would be required to carry and launch the BGM-109 Tomahawk missiles.<ref name="GOA1">{{cite web |url=http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format=PDF |title=Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa class battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany |accessdate=2005-05-25 |publisher=[[Government Accountability Office|United States General Accounting Office]] |date=20 April 1981 |pages=3–18}}</ref><ref>At the time ''New Jersey'' was scheduled to undergo modernization the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been introduced for use in the field; however, the Navy announced plans to include the updates that would be needed for ''New Jersey'' to use the Tomahawk system while undergoing her modernization. {{cite web | url =http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | format = PDF |publisher = United States General Accounting Office | accessdate = 2007-06-08 | date = 20 April 1981 }}</ref> At one point the NATO [[Sea Sparrow]] was to be installed on the reactivated battleships; however, it was determined that the system could not withstand the overpressure effects when firing the main battery.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>Statement by Admiral Rowden in the ''Department of Defense Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1982''.</ref> |
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''New Jersey''{{'}}s modernization was unique in that she was to be the only reactivated ''Iowa''-class battleship to lose a gun turret. At the time the Navy made the announcement plans were underway to remove ''New Jersey''{{'}}s No. 3 16 in gun turret (located aft of the superstructure). In its place the Navy planned to install one of two systems: a [[vertical launch system|vertical launching missile magazine]] which would have enabled ''New Jersey'' to carry an additional 48 Tomahawk or Harpoon missiles, or using the space generated by a removed gun turret for aircraft related updates centering on [[VTOL]] or [[V/STOL]] type aircraft;<ref name="GOA1"/> however these ideas were ultimately dropped, and ''New Jersey'' retained her No. 3 Gun Turret during her 1980s career. |
''New Jersey''{{'}}s modernization was unique in that she was to be the only reactivated ''Iowa''-class battleship to lose a gun turret. At the time the Navy made the announcement plans were underway to remove ''New Jersey''{{'}}s No. 3 16 in gun turret (located aft of the superstructure). In its place the Navy planned to install one of two systems: a [[vertical launch system|vertical launching missile magazine]] which would have enabled ''New Jersey'' to carry an additional 48 Tomahawk or Harpoon missiles, or using the space generated by a removed gun turret for aircraft related updates centering on [[VTOL]] or [[V/STOL]] type aircraft;<ref name="GOA1"/> however these ideas were ultimately dropped, and ''New Jersey'' retained her No. 3 Gun Turret during her 1980s career. |
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Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> |
Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> |
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Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Oerlikon 20 mm |
Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|20 mm Oerlikon]] and [[Bofors 40mm gun|40 mm Bofors]] anti-aircraft guns removed, and received improved electronic warfare capabilities. This alteration helped reduce the time it took get ''New Jersey'' recommissioned: since she was not in her World War II format the only major physical alteration to ''New Jersey'' involved the removal of four of her ten 5 inch gun mounts to make room for the Armored Box Launchers.<ref name="FAS Iowa">{{cite web | title = BB-61 IOWA-class (Specifications)|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/bb-61.htm |publisher=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref><ref>By comparison ''Iowa'', ''Missouri'', and ''Wisconsin'' had to be stripped of their 20 mm Oerlikon and 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns, in addition to the removal of four of their ten 5 in guns.</ref> In addition to saving time, this also made ''New Jersey'' cheaper to reactivate since the cost needed to modernize the battleship only included the addition of missile and gun system mounts, electronic warfare suites, and improved radar and gun spotter technology.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>The estimated cost of reactivating ''New Jersey'' with her gun turrets intact was,26 million, vs the estimated,92 million to reactivate ''Iowa''. {{cite web | url = http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format = PDF | publisher = United States General Accounting Office | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | date = 20 April 1981| accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> |
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Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/> |
Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/> |
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Section 1011 of the [[National Defense Authorization Act]] of 1996 required the United States Navy to reinstate to the Naval Vessel Register two of the ''Iowa''-class battleships that had been struck by the Navy in 1995; these ships were to be maintained in the United States Navy reserve fleets (or "mothball fleet"). The Navy was to ensure that both of the reinstated battleships were in good condition and could be reactivated for use in the Marine Corps' amphibious operations.<ref name="NDAA1996">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-104publ106/pdf/PLAW-104publ106.pdf |format=PDF |title=National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 1996 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate=2005-05-26 |date=10 February 1996 |page=422}}</ref> Due to {{USS|Iowa|BB-61|2}}'s damaged Turret 2 the Navy selected ''New Jersey'' for placement into the mothball fleet, even though the training mechanisms on ''New Jersey''{{'}}s 16-in guns had been welded down. The cost to fix ''New Jersey'' was considered less than the cost to fix ''Iowa'';<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> as a result, ''New Jersey'' and ''Wisconsin'' were reinstated to the Naval Vessel Register and placed back in the reserve fleet.<ref name="NDAA1996"/> |
Section 1011 of the [[National Defense Authorization Act]] of 1996 required the United States Navy to reinstate to the Naval Vessel Register two of the ''Iowa''-class battleships that had been struck by the Navy in 1995; these ships were to be maintained in the United States Navy reserve fleets (or "mothball fleet"). The Navy was to ensure that both of the reinstated battleships were in good condition and could be reactivated for use in the Marine Corps' amphibious operations.<ref name="NDAA1996">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-104publ106/pdf/PLAW-104publ106.pdf |format=PDF |title=National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 1996 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate=2005-05-26 |date=10 February 1996 |page=422}}</ref> Due to {{USS|Iowa|BB-61|2}}'s damaged Turret 2 the Navy selected ''New Jersey'' for placement into the mothball fleet, even though the training mechanisms on ''New Jersey''{{'}}s 16-in guns had been welded down. The cost to fix ''New Jersey'' was considered less than the cost to fix ''Iowa'';<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> as a result, ''New Jersey'' and ''Wisconsin'' were reinstated to the Naval Vessel Register and placed back in the reserve fleet.<ref name="NDAA1996"/> |
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[[ |
[[Berkas:USSNewJersey looking aft.jpg|jmpl|kiri|Pemandangan dek USS ''New Jersey'' pada tambatannya di Camden. Kapal perang ini disumbangkan kepada Home Port Alliance of Camden, New Jersey, untuk dipakai sebagai museum kapal perang.]] |
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[[ |
[[Berkas:USS New Jersey Night.jpg|jmpl|kiri|USS ''New Jersey'' pada tambatannya di Camden pada malam hari, Sept 2010.]]<!-- |
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''New Jersey'' remained in mothball fleet until the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 passed through the [[United States Congress]] 18 October 1998. Section 1011 required the [[United States Secretary of the Navy]] to list and maintain ''Iowa'' and ''Wisconsin'' on the Naval Vessel Register, while Section 1012 required the Secretary of the Navy to strike ''New Jersey'' from the Naval Vessel Register and transfer the battleship to a not-for-profit entity in accordance with section 7306 of [[Title 10 of the United States Code|Title 10, United States Code]]. Section 1012 also required the transferee to locate the battleship in the [[New Jersey|State of New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dod.mil/dodgc/olc/docs/1999NDAA.pdf |format=PDF |title=Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |accessdate=2007-03-12 |publisher=105th Congress, United States Senate and House of Representatives |pages=200–201}}</ref> The Navy made the switch in January 1999, and on 12 September, ''New Jersey'' was towed by the tug ''Sea Victory'' from Bremerton, Washington to [[Philadelphia]], for restoration work in the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in advance of her planned donation for use as a museum.<ref name="showboat">{{cite web |url=http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/history/milestone_dates.php |title=Battleship New Jersey |publisher=Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial|accessdate=2005-05-26}}</ref> |
''New Jersey'' remained in mothball fleet until the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 passed through the [[United States Congress]] 18 October 1998. Section 1011 required the [[United States Secretary of the Navy]] to list and maintain ''Iowa'' and ''Wisconsin'' on the Naval Vessel Register, while Section 1012 required the Secretary of the Navy to strike ''New Jersey'' from the Naval Vessel Register and transfer the battleship to a not-for-profit entity in accordance with section 7306 of [[Title 10 of the United States Code|Title 10, United States Code]]. Section 1012 also required the transferee to locate the battleship in the [[New Jersey|State of New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dod.mil/dodgc/olc/docs/1999NDAA.pdf |format=PDF |title=Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |accessdate=2007-03-12 |publisher=105th Congress, United States Senate and House of Representatives |pages=200–201}}</ref> The Navy made the switch in January 1999, and on 12 September, ''New Jersey'' was towed by the tug ''Sea Victory'' from Bremerton, Washington to [[Philadelphia]], for restoration work in the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in advance of her planned donation for use as a museum.<ref name="showboat">{{cite web |url=http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/history/milestone_dates.php |title=Battleship New Jersey |publisher=Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial|accessdate=2005-05-26}}</ref> |
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Baris 310: | Baris 312: | ||
In early 2012 there was debate on whether or not the USS ''New Jersey'' should be moved to [[Liberty State Park]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Edward |last=Colimore |newspaper=[[The Navy Times]] |title=A new battle looms for USS New Jersey |url=http://www.navytimes.com/article/20120312/NEWS/203120308/A-new-battle-looms-battleship-New-Jersey |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=12 March 2012}}</ref> Ultimately, nothing came from the debate and the ship remains in Camden. |
In early 2012 there was debate on whether or not the USS ''New Jersey'' should be moved to [[Liberty State Park]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Edward |last=Colimore |newspaper=[[The Navy Times]] |title=A new battle looms for USS New Jersey |url=http://www.navytimes.com/article/20120312/NEWS/203120308/A-new-battle-looms-battleship-New-Jersey |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=12 March 2012}}</ref> Ultimately, nothing came from the debate and the ship remains in Camden. |
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==Penghargaan== |
== Penghargaan == |
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Di antara penghargaan yang diterimanya, ''New Jersey'' dianugerahi [[Navy Unit Commendation]] untuk misi Vietnam, [[:enLPresidential Unit Citation (Philippines)|Presidential Unit Citation]] dari [[Filipina|Republic of the Philippines]], dan [[:en:Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)|Presidential Unit Citation]] dari [[Korea Selatan|Republic of Korea]]. Selain itu, kapal ini memperoleh sembilan bintang pertempuran dari misi [[Perang Dunia II]], empat untuk misi [[Perang Korea]], dua untuk misi [[Perang Vietnam]], dan empat untuk misi di [[Libanon]] dan wilayah [[Teluk Persia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ussnewjersey.com/hist_awd.htm Battleship |title=Battle Record of the USS New Jersey |publisher=USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. |accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> Berkat sejarah misi yang luar biasa, ''New Jersey'' merupakan kapal perang yang paling banyak mendapat penghargaan dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.<ref name="awards"/> |
Di antara penghargaan yang diterimanya, ''New Jersey'' dianugerahi [[Navy Unit Commendation]] untuk misi Vietnam, [[:enLPresidential Unit Citation (Philippines)|Presidential Unit Citation]] dari [[Filipina|Republic of the Philippines]], dan [[:en:Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)|Presidential Unit Citation]] dari [[Korea Selatan|Republic of Korea]]. Selain itu, kapal ini memperoleh sembilan bintang pertempuran dari misi [[Perang Dunia II]], empat untuk misi [[Perang Korea]], dua untuk misi [[Perang Vietnam]], dan empat untuk misi di [[Libanon]] dan wilayah [[Teluk Persia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ussnewjersey.com/hist_awd.htm Battleship |title=Battle Record of the USS New Jersey |publisher=USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. |accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> Berkat sejarah misi yang luar biasa, ''New Jersey'' merupakan kapal perang yang paling banyak mendapat penghargaan dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.<ref name="awards"/> |
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Baris 318: | Baris 321: | ||
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=award-star|ribbon=Combat Action Ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=award-star|ribbon=Combat Action Ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Battle |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Battle Effectiveness Award ribbon, 2nd award.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Expeditionary ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Expeditionary Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|- |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=China Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=China Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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Baris 329: | Baris 332: | ||
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=4|type=service-star|ribbon=Korean_Service_Medal_-_Ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=4|type=service-star|ribbon=Korean_Service_Medal_-_Ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon= |
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Armed Forces Expedtionary Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|- |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=3|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Service |
|{{ribbon devices|number=3|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=3|type=service-star|ribbon=Sea Service Deployment Ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=3|type=service-star|ribbon=Sea Service Deployment Ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Presidential Unit Citation (Philippines).svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Presidential Unit Citation (Philippines).svg|width=106}} |
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Baris 337: | Baris 340: | ||
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam gallantry cross unit award-3d.svg|width=106}} |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam gallantry cross unit award-3d.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=Phliber rib. |
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=Phliber rib.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United Nations Service Medal |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United Nations Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}} |
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|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon. |
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|width=106}} |
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|} </center> |
|} </center> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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Baris 369: | Baris 372: | ||
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==Lihat pula== |
== Lihat pula == |
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<!--{{Portal|Battleships}}--> |
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*[[:en:List of broadsides of major World War II ships|Daftar kapal Perang Dunia II]] |
* [[:en:List of broadsides of major World War II ships|Daftar kapal Perang Dunia II]] |
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*[[:en:List of museum ships|Daftar museum kapal perang]] |
* [[:en:List of museum ships|Daftar museum kapal perang]] |
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==Referensi== |
== Referensi == |
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{{Reflist|2}} |
{{Reflist|2}} |
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==Pustaka== |
== Pustaka == |
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* [[ |
* [[Hans Christian Adamson|Adamson, Hans Christian]], and [[George Francis Kosco]]. ''Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet.'' New York: Crown Publishers, 1967. |
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* Calhoun, C. Raymond. ''Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944''. |
* Calhoun, C. Raymond. ''Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944''. ©1981. |
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* Comegno, Carol. ''The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth''. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9 |
* Comegno, Carol. ''The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth''. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9 |
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* {{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/n4/new_jersey-ii.htm}} |
* {{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/n4/new_jersey-ii.htm}} |
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Baris 387: | Baris 390: | ||
* Polmar, Norman. ''The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet.'' (2001 Naval Institute Press); ISBN 1-55750-656-6 |
* Polmar, Norman. ''The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet.'' (2001 Naval Institute Press); ISBN 1-55750-656-6 |
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==Pranala luar== |
== Pranala luar == |
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<!--Note: the general style guide for this page is: 1) do not to add external links to this section if they already appear in the notes sections, and 2) do not add links that don't deal primarily with the specific ship that is the subject of this article. If you're not sure if link fits this page, you should probably ask first at the talk page. You don't HAVE to follow any of these suggestions, but if you don't your contribution may be declined. --> |
<!--Note: the general style guide for this page is: 1) do not to add external links to this section if they already appear in the notes sections, and 2) do not add links that don't deal primarily with the specific ship that is the subject of this article. If you're not sure if link fits this page, you should probably ask first at the talk page. You don't HAVE to follow any of these suggestions, but if you don't your contribution may be declined. --> |
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{{Commons and category|USS New Jersey (BB-62)|USS New Jersey (BB-62)}} |
{{Commons and category|USS New Jersey (BB-62)|USS New Jersey (BB-62)}} |
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*[http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS ''New Jersey''] |
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS ''New Jersey''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028081621/http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/62d.htm |date=2007-10-28 }} |
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* [http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/ Battleship New Jersey museum] |
* [http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/ Battleship New Jersey museum] |
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* [http://www.nj2bb.org/ |
* [http://www.nj2bb.org/ Battleship New Jersey Amateur Radio Station] |
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* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_new_jersey_bb62.htm Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery] |
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_new_jersey_bb62.htm Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery] |
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*[http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html USS New Jersey] Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey |
* [http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html USS New Jersey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220171001/http://www.williammaloney.com/Aviation/BattleshipUSSNewJersey/index.html |date=2020-02-20 }} Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey |
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* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey] |
* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731202557/http://www.hnsa.org/ships/bbnj.htm |date=2013-07-31 }} |
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* [http://ww2db.com/photo.php?source=all&color=all&list=search&foreigntype=S&foreigntype_id=6 WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey], date range 1943–2004 |
* [http://ww2db.com/photo.php?source=all&color=all&list=search&foreigntype=S&foreigntype_id=6 WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey], date range 1943–2004 |
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*[http://www.hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. ''New Jersey'' (BB-62), Iowa Class], hosted by the [http://www.hnsa.org/ Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections] |
* [http://www.hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. ''New Jersey'' (BB-62), Iowa Class] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405084644/http://hnsa.org/doc/plans/index.htm |date=2010-04-05 }}, hosted by the [http://www.hnsa.org/ Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections] |
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{{Kapal tempur kelas Iowa}} |
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{{Registered Historic Places}} |
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Revisi terkini sejak 20 April 2024 10.16
![]() USS New Jersey berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985.
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Sejarah | |
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![]() | |
Asal nama | New Jersey |
Dipesan | 1 Juli 1939 |
Pembangun | Philadelphia Naval Shipyard |
Pasang lunas | 16 September 1940 |
Diluncurkan | 7 Desember 1942 |
Sponsor | Carolyn Edison |
Mulai berlayar | 23 Mei 1943 |
Dipensiunkan | 30 Juni 1948 |
Berlayar kembali | 21 November 1950 |
Dipensiunkan | 21 Agustus 1957 |
Berlayar kembali | 6 April 1968 |
Dipensiunkan | 17 Desember 1969 |
Berlayar kembali | 28 Desember 1982 |
Dipensiunkan | 8 Februari 1991 |
Dicoret | 4 Januari 1999 |
Motto | "Firepower for Freedom"[1] |
Julukan | "Big J"[1] |
Penghargaan | 19 Bintang jasa |
Status | Kapal museum di Camden, New Jersey |
Catatan | Kapal tempur dengan hiasan terbanyak sepanjang sejarah AL AS |
Lencana |
![]() |
Ciri-ciri umum | |
Kelas dan jenis | Kapal tempur kelas-Iowa |
Berat benaman | 58000 tons |
Panjang | 887 ft 7 in (270,54 m) |
Lebar | 108,2 ft (33,0 m) |
Sarat air | 28,9 ft (8,8 m) |
Kecepatan | 33 knot (61 km/h) |
Awak kapal | 1.921 opsir dan anak buah |
Sensor dan sistem pemroses |
AN/SPS-49 Air Search Radar AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar AN/SPQ-9 Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar |
Peralatan perang elektronik dan tipuan |
AN/SLQ-32 AN/SLQ-25 Nixie Decoy System 8 × Mark 36 SRBOC Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers |
Senjata |
1943: 9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns 20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns 80 × 40 mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns 49 × 20 mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns 1968: 9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns 20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns 1982: 9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns 12 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns 32 × BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles 16 × RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles 4 × 20 mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS |
Pelindung |
Sabuk: 121 in (3.100 mm) Bulkhead: 113 in (2.900 mm) Barbet: 116 hingga 173 in (2.900 hingga 4.400 mm) Turet senjata: 197 in (5.000 mm) Geladak: 75 in (1.900 mm) |
Pesawat yang diangkut |
1943:3 pesawat apung Vought OS2U Kingfisher 1982: 4 helikopter |
Fasilitas penerbangan |
1943:2 katapel pesawat terbang 1982: Geladak biasa |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/USS_New_Jersey_%28BB-62%29_in_2007.jpg/220px-USS_New_Jersey_%28BB-62%29_in_2007.jpg)
USS New Jersey (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"[2]) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian New Jersey. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di Guam dan Okinawa, dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/USS_Intrepid_CV-11_kamikaze_strike.jpg/220px-USS_Intrepid_CV-11_kamikaze_strike.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/USSNewJersey_looking_aft.jpg/220px-USSNewJersey_looking_aft.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/USS_New_Jersey_Night.jpg/220px-USS_New_Jersey_Night.jpg)
Secretary of the Navy Richard Danzig mengumumkan pada tanggal 20 Januari 2000,[3] dan pada tanggal 15 Oktober 2000 New Jersey tiba di tempat peristirahatan terakhirnya di Camden Waterfront.[4]
Penghargaan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Di antara penghargaan yang diterimanya, New Jersey dianugerahi Navy Unit Commendation untuk misi Vietnam, Presidential Unit Citation dari Republic of the Philippines, dan Presidential Unit Citation dari Republic of Korea. Selain itu, kapal ini memperoleh sembilan bintang pertempuran dari misi Perang Dunia II, empat untuk misi Perang Korea, dua untuk misi Perang Vietnam, dan empat untuk misi di Libanon dan wilayah Teluk Persia.[5] Berkat sejarah misi yang luar biasa, New Jersey merupakan kapal perang yang paling banyak mendapat penghargaan dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.[4]
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Combat Action Ribbon w/ 1 award star | Navy Unit Commendation w/ 1 service star | Navy E Ribbon w/ 2 Battle E devices | Navy Expeditionary Medal |
China Service Medal | American Campaign Medal | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 9 service stars | World War II Victory Medal |
Navy Occupation Service Medal | National Defense Service Medal w/ 2 service stars | Korean Service Medal w/ 4 service stars | Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal w/ 1 service star |
Vietnam Service Medal w/ 3 service stars | Navy Sea Service Deployment Ribbon w/ 3 service stars | Philippine Presidential Unit Citation | Korean Presidential Unit Citation |
Vietnam Gallantry Cross unit citation | Philippine Liberation Medal w/ 2 service stars | United Nations Korea Medal | Vietnam Campaign Medal |
Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b "An Act providing for the issuance of Battleship U.S.S. New Jersey license plates ..." (PDF). NJ state library. 1995-09-12.
- ^ "Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions". Battleship New Jersey. Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial. 2014-10-28. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-29. Diakses tanggal 2014-10-27.
- ^ "SECNAV announces the Battleship New Jersey donation" (Siaran pers). Office of Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs). 20 January 2000. Diakses tanggal 2005-05-26.
- ^ a b "USS New Jersey Veterans Inc". USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. Diakses tanggal 2005-05-26.
- ^ Battleship "Battle Record of the USS New Jersey" Periksa nilai
|url=
(bantuan). USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. Diakses tanggal 19 April 2015.
Pustaka
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Adamson, Hans Christian, and George Francis Kosco. Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet. New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.
- Calhoun, C. Raymond. Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944. ©1981.
- Comegno, Carol. The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9
- Artikel ini mengandung teks dari Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships yang berstatus domain umum. Entrinya bisa ditemukan di sini.
- Hoyt, Edwin Palmer. The Typhoon that Stopped a War. New York: D. McKay Co., 1968.
- Naval Historical Foundation. The Navy. Hugh Lauter Levin Associates. ISBN 0-88363-100-8
- Paul Chan, Ian and McAuley, Rob. The Battleships. Channel 4 Books, London ISBN 0-7522-6188-6
- Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet. (2001 Naval Institute Press); ISBN 1-55750-656-6
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS New Jersey Diarsipkan 2007-10-28 di Wayback Machine.
- Battleship New Jersey museum
- Battleship New Jersey Amateur Radio Station
- Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery
- USS New Jersey Diarsipkan 2020-02-20 di Wayback Machine. Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey
- HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey Diarsipkan 2013-07-31 di Wayback Machine.
- WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey, date range 1943–2004
- 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. New Jersey (BB-62), Iowa Class Diarsipkan 2010-04-05 di Wayback Machine., hosted by the Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections