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Keutamaan Petrus: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Baris 117: Baris 117:


=== Makna "batu karang" ===
=== Makna "batu karang" ===
Di dalam nas [[bahasa Yunani|Yunani]] aslinya, kata yang diterjemahkan menjadi "Petrus" adalah Πέτρος (Petros), dan kata yang diterjemahkan menjadi "batu karang" adalah πέτρα (petra), dua kata yang sekalipun tidak sama tetap saja memunculkan kesan sebagai salah satu dari sekian banyak permainan-kata yang dipakai Yesus dalam bertutur.<!-- Furthermore, since Jesus presumably spoke to Peter in their native Aramaic language, he would have used {{transl|arc|kepha}} in both instances.<ref name="keating">{{cite web |url=http://www.catholic.com/magazine/articles/peter-the-rock |title=Peter the Rock |publisher=Catholic Answers Magazine |date=October 1999 |access-date=2012-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601121017/http://www.catholic.com/magazine/articles/peter-the-rock |archive-date=2016-06-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Peshitta Text and the Old Syriac text use the word {{transl|arc|kepha}} for both "Peter" and "rock" in Matthew 16:18.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peshitta.org/pdf/Mattich16.pdf |title=Peshitta Aramaic/English Interlinear New Testament|access-date=2012-07-22}}</ref> John 1:42<ref>{{Bibleverse|John|1:42}}</ref> says Jesus called Simon "Cephas", as does Paul in some letters.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} He was instructed by Christ to strengthen his brethren, i.e., the apostles.<ref>{{Bibleverse|Luke|22:31-32}}</ref> Peter also had a leadership role in the early Christian church at Jerusalem according to the Acts of the Apostles chapters 1–2, 10–11, and 15.
Di dalam nas [[bahasa Yunani|Yunani]] aslinya, kata yang diterjemahkan menjadi "Petrus" adalah Πέτρος (Petros), dan kata yang diterjemahkan menjadi "batu karang" adalah πέτρα (petra), dua kata yang sekalipun tidak sama tetap saja memunculkan kesan sebagai salah satu dari sekian banyak permainan-kata yang dipakai Yesus dalam bertutur. Lagi pula, karena Yesus diduga bersabda kepada Petrus di dalam bahasa Aram yang merupakan bahasa-ibu mereka, tentu ia menggunakan kata kefa baik untuk "Petrus" maupun "batu karang".<ref name="keating">{{cite web |url=http://www.catholic.com/magazine/articles/peter-the-rock |title=Peter the Rock |publisher=Catholic Answers Magazine |date=October 1999 |access-date=2012-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601121017/http://www.catholic.com/magazine/articles/peter-the-rock |archive-date=01 Juni 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nas Matius 16ː18 di dalam Pesyita dan bahasa Suryani-Lama memakai kata kefa untuk "Petrus" maupun "batu karang".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peshitta.org/pdf/Mattich16.pdf |title=Peshitta Aramaic/English Interlinear New Testament|access-date=22 Juli 2012}}</ref> Nas Yohanes 1:42<ref>{{Alkitab|Yohanes 1:42}}</ref> meriwayatkan bahwa Yesus menyebut Simon dengan nama "Kefas", sama seperti yang dilakukan Paulus di dalam beberapa suratnya.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} Petrus diamanatkan untuk menguatkan saudara-saudaranya, yaitu para rasul.<ref>{{Alkitab|Lukas 22:31-32}}</ref> Menurut Kisah Para Rasul bab 1-2, 10-11, dan 15, Petrus juga berperan selaku pemimpin jemaat Kristen Purba di Yerusalem.


Early Catholic Latin and Greek writers (such as [[John Chrysostom]]) considered the "foundation rock" as applying to both Peter personally and his confession of faith (or the faith of his confession) symbolically, as well as seeing Christ's promise to apply more generally to his twelve apostles and the Christian Church at large.<ref name="Veselin Kesich 1992 61–66"/> This "double meaning" interpretation is present in the current ''[[Catechism of the Catholic Church]]''.<ref>''[[Catechism of the Catholic Church]]'', Articles 424 and 552</ref>
Para pujangga Katolik Latin maupun Yunani terdahulu (misalnya [[Yohanes Krisostomus]]) beranggapan bahwa "batu karang yang menjadi landasan" itu melambangkan Petrus selaku orang pribadi maupun pernyataan imannya (atau iman yang ia nyatakan), dan juga menganggap janji Kristus lebih umum sifatnya karena juga diterima kedua belas rasul dan seantero Gereja.<ref name="Veselin Kesich 1992 61–66"/> Tafsir "makna ganda" ini juga tersaji di dalam ''[[Katekismus Gereja Katolik]]'' yang ada saat ini.<ref>''[[Katekismus Gereja Katolik]]'', Pasal 424 dan 552</ref><!--


Protestant counter-claims to the Catholic interpretation are largely based on the difference between the Greek words translated "Rock" in the Matthean passage. In classical Attic Greek {{transl|grc|petros}} generally meant "pebble," while {{transl|grc|petra}} meant "boulder" or "cliff". Accordingly, taking Peter's name to mean "pebble", they argue that the "rock" in question cannot have been Peter, but something else, either Jesus himself, or the faith in Jesus that Peter had just professed. However, the New Testament was written in Koiné Greek, not Attic Greek, and some authorities say no significant difference existed between the meanings of {{transl|grc|petros}} and {{transl|grc|petra}}.{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}}
Protestant counter-claims to the Catholic interpretation are largely based on the difference between the Greek words translated "Rock" in the Matthean passage. In classical Attic Greek {{transl|grc|petros}} generally meant "pebble," while {{transl|grc|petra}} meant "boulder" or "cliff". Accordingly, taking Peter's name to mean "pebble", they argue that the "rock" in question cannot have been Peter, but something else, either Jesus himself, or the faith in Jesus that Peter had just professed. However, the New Testament was written in Koiné Greek, not Attic Greek, and some authorities say no significant difference existed between the meanings of {{transl|grc|petros}} and {{transl|grc|petra}}.{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}}