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@@ Baris 34: / Baris 34: @@
 Alam semesta fisik didefinisikan sebagai keseluruhan [[ruang]] dan [[waktu]]{{efn|name=spacetime|Menurut [[fisika modern]], ruang dan waktu saling terkait erat dan [[fisika|secara fisika]] tidak ada artinya jika diambil secara terpisah satu sama lain. Lihat [[Teori relativitas]].}} (secara kolektif disebut [[ruang-waktu]]) dan isinya.<ref name="Zeilik1998">{{cite book |title=Introductory Astronomy & Astrophysics |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryastr0000zeil |last1=Zeilik |first1=Michael |last2=Gregory |first2=Stephen A. |date=1998 |edition=4th |publisher=Saunders College Publishing |quote="The totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be." |isbn=978-0030062285}}</ref> Isi tersebut terdiri dari semua energi dalam berbagai bentuk, termasuk [[radiasi elektromagnetik]] dan [[materi]].<ref name="Britannica">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Universe |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica online |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc. |date=2012 |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/universe |accessdate=17 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Universe |title=Universe |work=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |accessdate=September 21, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Universe?s=t |title=Universe |work=Dictionary.com |accessdate=September 21, 2012}}</ref> Alam semesta juga mencakup [[hukum fisika|hukum-hukum fisika]] yang memengaruhi energi dan materi, seperti [[hukum kekekalan]], [[mekanika klasik]], dan [[teori relativitas|relativitas]].<ref name="Schreuder2014">{{cite book|author=Duco A. Schreuder|title=Vision and Visual Perception|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I7a7BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135|date=December 3, 2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1480812949|page=135}}</ref>
-Alam semesta sering didefinisikan sebagai "keseluruhan keberadaan", atau [[segalanya|segala sesuatu]] yang ada, segala sesuatu yang telah ada, dan segala sesuatu yang akan ada.<ref name="Schreuder2014" /> Bahkan, beberapa filsuf dan ilmuwan mendukung penyertaan gagasan dan konsep abstrak – seperti matematika dan logika – dalam definisi Alam semesta.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=The Mathematical Universe|journal=Foundations of Physics|volume=38|issue=2|pages=101–50|doi=10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9|bibcode = 2008FoPh...38..101T |arxiv = 0704.0646 |year=2008}} a short version of which is available at [https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4024 ''Shut up and calculate.''] (in reference to David Mermin's famous quote "shut up and calculate" {{cite web |url=http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-06-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515100124/http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |archivedate=May 15, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Jim Holt|title=Why Does the World Exist?|url=https://archive.org/details/whydoesworldexis0000holt|publisher=Liveright Publishing|year=2012|page=[https://archive.org/details/whydoesworldexis0000holt/page/308 308]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Timothy Ferris|title=The Whole Shebang: A State-of-the-Universe(s) Report|url=https://archive.org/details/wholeshebang00timo|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1997|page=[https://archive.org/details/wholeshebang00timo/page/n405 400]}}</ref> Kata ''alam semesta'' juga dapat merujuk pada konsep-konsep seperti ''kosmos'', ''dunia'', dan ''alam''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Creation Out of Nothing: A Biblical, Philosophical, and Scientific Exploration|url=https://archive.org/details/creationoutofnot0000copa|page=[https://archive.org/details/creationoutofnot0000copa/page/220 220]|author1=Paul Copan|author2=William Lane Craig|publisher=Baker Academic|date=2004 | isbn= 978-0801027338}}</ref><ref name="Bolonkin2011">{{cite book|author=Alexander Bolonkin|title=Universe, Human Immortality and Future Human Evaluation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TuWQx58ZnPsC&pg=PA3|date=November 2011|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-12-415801-6|pages=3–}}</ref>
+Alam semesta sering didefinisikan sebagai "satu-keseluruhan keberadaan", atau [[segalanya|segala sesuatu]] yang ada, segala sesuatu yang telah ada, dan segala sesuatu yang akan ada.<ref name="Schreuder2014" /> Bahkan, beberapa filsuf dan ilmuwan mendukung penyertaan gagasan dan konsep abstrak – seperti matematika dan logika – dalam definisi Alam semesta.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tegmark|first=Max|title=The Mathematical Universe|journal=Foundations of Physics|volume=38|issue=2|pages=101–50|doi=10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9|bibcode = 2008FoPh...38..101T |arxiv = 0704.0646 |year=2008}} a short version of which is available at [https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4024 ''Shut up and calculate.''] (in reference to David Mermin's famous quote "shut up and calculate" {{cite web |url=http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-06-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515100124/http://physicstoday.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_57/iss_5/10_1.shtml |archivedate=May 15, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Jim Holt|title=Why Does the World Exist?|url=https://archive.org/details/whydoesworldexis0000holt|publisher=Liveright Publishing|year=2012|page=[https://archive.org/details/whydoesworldexis0000holt/page/308 308]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Timothy Ferris|title=The Whole Shebang: A State-of-the-Universe(s) Report|url=https://archive.org/details/wholeshebang00timo|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1997|page=[https://archive.org/details/wholeshebang00timo/page/n405 400]}}</ref> Kata ''alam semesta'' juga dapat merujuk pada konsep-konsep seperti ''kosmos'', ''dunia'', dan ''alam''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Creation Out of Nothing: A Biblical, Philosophical, and Scientific Exploration|url=https://archive.org/details/creationoutofnot0000copa|page=[https://archive.org/details/creationoutofnot0000copa/page/220 220]|author1=Paul Copan|author2=William Lane Craig|publisher=Baker Academic|date=2004 | isbn= 978-0801027338}}</ref><ref name="Bolonkin2011">{{cite book|author=Alexander Bolonkin|title=Universe, Human Immortality and Future Human Evaluation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TuWQx58ZnPsC&pg=PA3|date=November 2011|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-12-415801-6|pages=3–}}</ref>
 == Penamaan dan Pemaknaan Alam Semesta yang mencangkup ruang dan waktu ==