Agama Dharmik

Agama-agama Dharmik dalam persentase penduduk dunia

  Hinduisme (15%)

  Buddhisme (7.1%)

  Sikhisme (0.35%)

  Jainisme (0.06%)

  Zoroastrianisme (0.03%)

  Lainnya (77.46%)

Agama Dharmik atau Agama-agama India adalah agama-agama yang berasal dari anak benua India; yakni Hinduisme, Jainisme, Buddhisme, dan Sikhisme yang mengikuti aturan Dharma. Zoroastrianisme meskipun tidak berasal dari anak benua India, juga kadangkala dianggap sebagai suatu agama Dharmik. Agama-agama ini semuanya juga diklasifikasikan sebagai agama-agama Timur. Meskipun agama-agama India terhubung melalui sejarah India, mereka membentuk berbagai komunitas keagamaan, dan tidak terbatas pada anak benua India.

Bukti yang membuktikan agama prasejarah di anak benua India berasal dari lukisan batu Mesolitikum yang tersebar. Orang-orang Harappa dari Peradaban Lembah Indus, yang berlangsung dari tahun 3300 sampai 1300 SM (periode dewasa, 2600-1900 SM), memiliki budaya urban awal yang mendahului agama Veda.

Sejarah yang tercatat mengenai agama-agama India diawali dengan agama Weda historis, praktik keagamaan dari bangsa India-Iran awal, yang dikumpulkan dan kemudian disusun ke dalam Weda. Periode komposisi, redaksi, dan komentar teks-teks ini dikenal sebagai periode Weda, yang berlangsung dari sekitar tahun 1750 sampai 500 SM. Bagian filosofis dari Weda dirangkum dalam upanishad, yang sering disebut sebagai Wedanta, yang ditafsirkan bermacam-macam yang berarti "bab terakhir, bagian dari Weda, atau "objek, tujuan tertinggi dari Weda". Upanishad awal semuanya mendahului Era Umum (Masehi), lima dari sebelas Prinsip Upanishad disusun kemungkinan besar sebelum abad ke-6 SM, dan mengandung sebutan paling awal mengenai Yoga dan Moksha.

Sumber-sumber

Sumber buku

• Burley, Mikel (2007), Classical Samkhya and Yoga: An Indian Metaphysics of Experience, Taylor & Francis 
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• Frawley, David (1990), From the River of Heaven: Hindu and Vedic Knowledge for the Modern Age, Berkeley, California: Book Passage Press, ISBN 1-878423-01-0 
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Bacaan lebih lanjut

• Heehs, Peter (2002), Indian Religions: A Historical Reader of Spiritual Expression and Experience, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, ISBN 9781850654964 
• Kitagawa, Joseph (2002), The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture, Routledge, ISBN 9781136875977 
• Zimmer, Heinrich (1951), Philosophies of India (reprint 1989), Princeton University Press 

Pranala luar

Statistik

• "Census of India 2001: Data on religion". Government of India (Office of the Registrar General). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 May 2007. Diakses tanggal 28 May 2007. 

Konstitusi dan hukum

• "Constitution of India". Government of India (Ministry of Law and Justice). Diakses tanggal 28 May 2007. 

Laporan

• "International Religious Freedom Report 2006: India". United States Department of State. Diakses tanggal 28 May 2007.